otherwise and well, hamilton won the bahrain grand prix from her seat is on sunday. 2 weeks after clinching a record equalling 7th world title. a replacement driver will take his place in this weekend's sat here grand prix, which is being held in bahrain. reminder now of the top stories on al-jazeera to drug firms have applied for european approval for their corona virus vaccine. the american firm, pfizer and its german partner by on take have joined madonna to ask for emergency consent. the european union's medicines agency says it aims to make a decision by the end of the month. the companies say the 1st shots could be administered almost immediately. similar approval has been requested in the u.s. with experts, the citing who will get the job 1st. this company, how could explains now from the white house not only has emerged to see use

authorization been requested by both mcgurn and pfizer. but now the c.d.c. is meeting to discuss the distribution of vaccines that are still in the final stages of that approval. so what we do know is that the meetings from the f.d.a. da, those hearings will take place, will be december 10th and 17th for her and modernity, respectively. but what we're hearing from mike pence, the vice president, as he held a call with governors on monday, is that he expects these vaccines will almost immediately be rolled out. iran's parliament has passed a bill to ignore restraints on the country's nuclear program. it calls on the government to enrich uranium far beyond the provisions of the foundering and nuclear deal with western powers. it also demands a halt to inspections unless sanctions are lifted. the move by parliament led by

hardliners comes just days after the assassination of the country's top nuclear scientist. 4 people including a small child have been killed after a car was driven down a pedestrian street in the german town of tree or a public prosecutor says it appears that the driver was drunk. a 51 year old man has been arrested and officers say there are no indications over a political motive as yet. u.s. president elect joe biden says his economic team will deal with the crisis caused by the pandemic. he said, no one is better prepared to deal with the fallout from the coronavirus than janet yellen, his nominee as treasury secretary. those are the top stories that stay with us. the stream is coming up next and i'm going to have the latest on all those stories in just half an hour from now. thanks for watching, but i every

i.k.a. . welcome to stream. today we're talking about exchange that link to climate change . and i'm sure you've seen reporters on this network and elsewhere talking about i'm president and weather conditions and never before was seen a little before. let me remind you have foreseen weather conditions like they said, we wind of a couple of things. i peaked my interest as well. a straight e.f.i.s. record breaking battle not yet over, gets the locust invasions of east africa and in another extreme weather story linked to climate change. and one of the california fires the west in us flying is

there as well. the reason we're talking. ringback about this is because the 2020 states of climate service is a report that is out by the world, which is a logical organization. talking about climate change, connecting it to how we can better prepare so extreme weather because of climate change. i know you have questions. i know you have thoughts. this is why we have, you can jump into the comment section and be part of today, shut the west. hello, hello, good morning everyone. it is indeed tuesday. you can chuck away that big coat today . we have a blast of moving towards us. keep the freeze, hold her spray. how do you know it's going to be pretty windy? but this morning is just flirting with us. my darling's cold air returns then over the next couple of days. of course we all love the finer details and you can get out by demo to the b.b.c. weather up. they say, because we can't have a weather show without talking about the weather with the forecast. don't like the

way it's not to fall constant. she say if it is cheese steak, where you live, that is not a forecast that was prerecorded earlier. let me say hello to the guest. you just saw. i want to introduce yourself to the global audience. i family, thank you so much for having me. it's great to be here and also found, telling us about what got you to a very important alignment avenue. are you work as a wedding present for the b.b.c.? a big part of what i do as well as being a can you be where the president is kind of trying to make the weather a bit different? i suppose a bit more engaging as far as the younger audience to the concert like a clip. you just saw that. so we're going to try and communication whether they are looking for to hear more about that island sound. they tell everybody he, well, what he did however, and i am selling pot after ingenious science in wellington new zealand. i conduct research on how people respond so warnings to different heads, including the warnings. welcome and nice to have to tell everybody here.

great, good morning. you know, i mean, thank you sir, for the welcome and good morning to colleagues. so money was all gone. what i need to be a teacher at general of the pacific community, which is a science and development organization based here in fiji, right in the heart of the pacific. can i start recently that may be controversial gas or not? is i think most people and yes, that pilots, sailors, extreme gardeners or farmers have no idea what the weather forecast means. and they just looking out for the icon summary at the end. rose sally i think to some, to some degree. i think people have their own 3 shelves in their mind as well as to what, what they're with the mainstream. so if i get a forecast for a 100 kilometer hour, wind gusts and wellington new zealand, i know that that's not really going to ests me very much. whereas if i just got

todo in terms of where and impacts i might find at least are supposed to personalize it to me. so there's lots of challenges and with a, you should include the hess's as a wind gust and space for the witting out cell. oh i knew nothing. yeah, i mean everything that sally said that you know, i agree with. i think that it's relative almost, you know, the weather depending on where you are more happening in the forecast. because if, you do in a focus, say the whole of the u.k., the weather varies hugely across different parts of the united kingdom. and i think that now we know a lot of people say, i mean, you know, we'll just pick up the phone and, you know, we'll have a look at the, we'll see what company is out all you need. well, i still think that there's a lot of value to being a person into the mix. somebody who can tell you a bit more about the structure of why the forecast is presenting itself in the way

you and you know, things have moved on. the weather forecast isn't what it once was. i think that we have got the technology so much better now. so for a science communicator or a meteorologist to be able to give that a bit of extra value. i think about this when video based for cost kind of come into their own. i want to play you over to the shuttle now since he was a ball cost me choice. and do you think about what she had to share with us a little bit? and he, she is when communicating weather events to the public, you really want to make sure you start with the who, what, when, where and why it really goes back to basics because the viewer wants to know, how is the weather going to affect me? how is it going to affect my family? what are the impacts going to be? why should i care? those are also important to talk about and get that information out there. it's also crucial to tell the facts,

stay calm and make sure you're not hyping the situation because all hyping is going to do is cause fear and confusion. and that's not going to help get the weather story across. can multiple. you get a message that such an important message and let me just put a little bit of context around the region that we, that we live in. and the reality is for us is there whether events are a common, some nominal for the pacific. and the majority, the countries in this region are really high on the risk register for both sites on tsunamis and so forth. and when we're talking about communicating with or against a community, the language as colleagues on the server is shared as it's really critical and the majority is out. she never sees in this region live on the coast. probably 90 percent of our communities live not too far from an ocean or a river and so forth. so the reality is that when we're communicating events of so

forth, the language becomes an incredibly important. and it's not just really i think what the weather is going to be like, what it is that we can expect. but for this community in this region, we really are starting to talk a lot more about what the weather will do to us. what's the impact of that is going to have on our communities and our lives? so descriptions are a sort of end of it. so wayne and others, but descriptions around what the weather is doing is really not good enough any longer. and we really need to start to take the lead, which that is actionable. that is about impact. that is about how do we scribe lives on these coasts. and that's really last region of the notion that you really do need to move back up, shift your animals, pick up the chickens and your r. and run for life income. rather learn to describe what with it looks like and what

it may eventually be like when it hits your shorts. it's really about actionable information for decision making for many opportunities in this region. yeah, i think it was really interesting hearing the origin of the weather in your region is so widely different to what it's like here in the u.k. . but on a similar as far as tone is concerned with a focus or really an earlier on today. kind of from buoyant and does it mean you know, that there's a calm presentation style. but one thing that i've noticed over the past few years is that what i've drawn, that i know a lot of where the percentage of drop now is any kind of tone of celebration when we get to prolonged spell of hot weather. you know, like a heatwave because that is absolutely no reason to celebrate a mirage. you know, even 5 years ago, you know, maybe people watching this now were thinking, oh yeah, actually, if we got sun warm weather, that's a reason to celebrate. i think people are

a lot more clued up now on what's happening with the climate and therefore that language is kind of gone. so it's all about tone as well. and specially when talking about warnings which i know the new you both are probably more well the stillest are a severe weather is concerned than i am. let me just bring in the eugene is coming to this right now. there was there watching 03 of you, enjoying the conversation. so eric, we invented says i love how that will cost and whether presentist doing a percentage chance of rain just to give us some hope. oh, i know why do you do that? i don't know. why do you do that? yes, i mean nothing. great question. and one of those things that in the past i've kind of told what is it, what 20 percent chance of rain look like? you know, that i'm going to need a rain coat and that mean i can just risk it. you know? yeah, weather forecasts have gotten much,

much more technical and much more detailed, you know, than what they were even a couple of years ago for me as you know. but yes, it is. what it is. it's a, there is a chance that this will happen because often if you have rain coming in, then the likelihood of it affecting you, well, you seem rain is higher. and if they say showers in the 4 car, and you know, this isn't a critical goal. this is still data driven, that is pretty community, so i guess about why we need so i love and i said that because you don't 2nd guess since i was just going to react to john's comments and i think you're right. the science absolutely critical. but one of the things that we've learned in this region in particular is that science and community practice, particularly messaging is really important. we are used in a science, you know, that is, that is part of the read your article. well, that we need to translate that into language into action language that,

that i think probably british that's the way our lives and it's a behavioral saying. so this is something that we've been exploring and practicing in this region a lot better in recent times. this is in the dow and china dell i'm told is in amman, jordan, and he was commenting on an unusual weather event which brought snow to amman, jordan and it a while ago. again, this is not current weather. everybody said don't panic. you can watch in jordan right now. this is what amman had to say about his forecasts. all over my opinion is that we can no longer trust these channels our weather forecast. over the past 2 days, we have been on guard and we stay home, but i don't see any road closures or any other issues. everything seems normal previous knows that they did not announce ahead of time or worse than this. study says he's the issue, the weather is not an exact science, it is a science, but it's not an exact science also. so things can happen in the forecast. and when

in doubt whether or with a happens to you, but does the public appreciate it? yes, it's a very much an interesting question because the demand, the reason lucian, that there with a model and you get down to it, the states you can't forecast for extremely localized with and impacts. and so when you get your region gets a warning and might actually just say for the mountains nearby or for, you know, the next area are not yet. and so this warning, but you would personally and actually a sea last. and so they very much to say that they also and so it's a pretty tricky am challenge for the way the forecast is. and that includes it extends to where the impacts a given communicated as well. so if you say the impacts of this is going to be a, you know, flooding on the streets and that kind of thing and might be for that next area over the hills, not for your particular area. and so it's an ongoing challenge that is forecast as

i have to face that the science is improving and, and this is why they put those uncertainties in as well. just pretty important means people can take that into account when they're looking at one of these forecasts. and i'm just going to give you a little bit of a behind the scenes here of what sally was saying about wanting many, many years ago, you had to be really good at mathematics to do a forecast because you have to do some space. a great you have to be mass and do adding up in algebra, all sorts of things to make the weather actually work and then you use that mass to then do the forecast long story. now we have computers and the computers will put all of that. they together, they clinch it and they will tell you what the full cost. and it's slightly more accurate than somebody with a at pencil and paper doing that for cost. but it can change quite a bit. oh and did i get that right? oh, i get it right. absolutely. for me, yes indeed. and you know,

when you get several run away, the most elaborate game you because you told when you might have crunching up. thank you, trying to see me how we, how we can improve it. self and obviously most of the time the clocks can get to be new to the event, to the kind in question. need to be a live on a sally said just now, you know, the resolution of the model goes on the weather data. it's really good. now, but to go back to the video message that we just sold, which is about no, it is not a region that i photographed for. but you know, it also, you know, really hard to forecast. not me or the weather presenter saying hey, we got it wrong story. it is what it is. you know, snow can be a tricky thing to forecast. so i think because i think because what makes an icy difficult because what if you have a, you know, if you're in the u.k. for example, a few years ago we had something called the beast from the east,

which was the storm which came and it met a cold and dr century, what you have to have in order to get, you know, a lot of heavy snowfall here in new cape color that mixed with some kind of precipitation. you know, rain, no pressure where the front. i mean, you get to know. but the boundaries of where those things meet and where the temperature contrast is tiny and that can have a good impact on whether or not a person is going to see snow as well as altitude. so that one of the reasons why, you know, we still are woke up i'm going to take you from the u.k. to this is just a stand right? and he's making the connection between those every day for cars, the full cost, the oh, i need stealing and then feet to plummet. change on those every day forecast. so people see climate change impacts us far off or distant, but they're really not. we're already seeing she in ways we're seeing rain bombs here in hawaii. this is where weather communicators can really help using terms

like unseasonably warm or unusual rainfall, unfortunately makes it look like an anomaly rather than part of a broader climate pattern a picture. so we're looking in a rearview mirror at what's happened in the past, rather than looking out the front window at the climate projections and how those weather patterns fit into that. so predicting weather day to day can be really hard, but putting individual weather events into the larger climate story isn't and we've got to get that right. then he getting that right. so this is, this is such a critical issue. and the point that previously just maine is, this is a big deal. i think search for our region. we are on climate change just as a significant issue for the pacific. we'll say next course our significant sea level rise rests in the impact of peace and diseases. we as sane communities, been impacted along coasts and so forth. and as, as i was talking earlier,

i was thinking of a really interesting example that happened recently here. and you are 16, we have a category 5 cycle and it's the country is on a washer. and corals and schools, we knew it was coming because our, with the forecasters were able to tell us that a cycle was coming and loss of life, significant damage. it was, it was a really major event for the region. what was really interesting is that there were waves that came off that site clone, just another country, 1800 miles away, huge tidal surges, which again didn't state in that particular country. it was the country of tuvalu and no idea on a bright sunny day. the impact of this particular cycle has another country. and so whether impact forecasting, i think, plays a huge role of course in the pacific, because it's these kinds of events that we need to understand better and have course misadjusted communities and in and a timely fashion. so that we're able to, to create actionable, misses just for communities and it's just, it's just,

it's for me, it was a really prime example that we can do weather forecasting really well. richie chan and dissipate the impact of particular weather events. if we don't have the tools and other scientific innovations that help us mitigate the types of risks that we haven't anticipated. yes, i'm going to just jump in and go ahead. do you jiggle, wait, egypt, stand by guys. i was just going to say that this climate change issue is going to be quite interesting when we bring up never rice mornings. because the model is that when you need to be adaptable and they need to be able to take climate change into account. we know that the cycles and hurricanes is increasing with climate change and so savagely help those we are. we made a pledge earlier that we were going to use a language that everybody knew. so sometimes if you in the world that you don't have a cycle and cycling, but you do have hurricanes,

you don't realize that aside time in how can i exactly design thinks that big 2 can still stretch intense once? can't carry on because because we made a plan to ice everyone, it was going to understand this one to say, she should know, standing by so tight variance in sight under her hands or the same thing. that's right. so they're all getting more and temperature increases around the world. and so yeah, we have to understand not only how it makes your logical mottos against me and her saying i'm an addict going to a service. i'm but also how exposure and vulnerabilities and capacities are going to be changing at risk because of climate change. all right, so this is blazing stars. he was hanging out in u 2 plays in star says, isn't climate change just the weather. so who wants to volunteer to in a one sentence? explain the difference between climate and weather. oh, i thank you for valentino klein. i met in the, along with picture,

if you like. or if you were to get, you know, a chunk of information spread date over the, i would say that it's climate was weather is what is happening now, short term. and this is why, you know, where the full costs look at the here and now and how it's going to affect you over the next couple of weeks. and we do have a long term forecast coal, which tend to be a bit less suck us poorly because it's so far off the climate you're looking over a much longer kind of scale, essentially. would you 2 agree that the years right? mean the impact of climate change in this region obviously is much more than whether a region of course that is at the front line of climate. so it's not only ocean sea that will rise and so forth. but a really interesting example in this region is of course, ocean warming. and you know, we developed countries about reducing greenhouse gases and so forth and

a direct livelihood impact, of course with the oceans. one thrust of course is the devastation about carla. now biodiversity in the oceans, but also our livelihood, such as fish rates, you know, we've seen a huge impact on our fisheries and economies where, but the oceans, warming officials starting to move to where they are away from traditional fishing sites and making it harder for people to of course manage livelihoods and so forth . such a much milder weather and in a general sense. yeah, yeah, yeah, i agree. maybe i just did the distinction between weather and climate as opposed to weather and climate change which actually brought the question was, and yet climate change, you know, as you said, awdrey is so much more than just weather. i mean, weather is a tiny facet of what it will affect. so let me move on a little bit, move a restart of this conversation because the well meter logic organization, which is part of the united nations, they put out this 2020 states of mine that report. and so lower patterson is from

the world meteorological organization that w. and a lot was talking about. this idea of having better early warning systems for our extreme weather. and this is what she wanted to show. some of this and weather and climate disasters are increasing in frequency and intensity as a result of climate change and it's often vulnerable communities that are most disproportionately affected. the debian was 2025, it's actually support highlights that despite this only one in 3 people globally are covered by our anyone systems. and there's a global, insufficient capacity to translate early warning into any action. and to support this, that every move recommends moving towards an impact based marketing approach, which is not part casting just what the weather will be for forecasting what the weather will do. to help action to be taken on the ground to prevent the worst impact of these events i had as

well as something that in this region we join a lot of work around. we use in multiple different ways of science and technology from oceanic oceanographic tools such as always wave modeling tide gauges and so forth. and cooling drones at that melanson help get us on to mention around coastal inundation and so forth. so the combination of a range of technologies helping us get better and some nations better data that allows us to aim to translate that information in a more customized way that we can in transfer information to communities who then can make decisions about their own livelihoods, about their own safety about the risks that potentially is coming. so what impact race forecasting? this is absolutely critical. and i think if we get it right in this region where we've got 30 percent of the world's ocean that we are navigating and protecting and keeping safe. but we definitely don't have the meteorological information that we

so desperately need to pretty lights in this region. oh, and i feel that you kind of live by impact based forecasting already. yes. so we get our weather warning if you in your case from the mecca office and they go from yellow, red just yet the impact in likelihood of the 2 things. going to look out on the impact make tricks if you like. and, you know, i think that it's obviously very important because we do get fairly said the types of weather at different times of year around the u.k. in different ways. and i think that people listen to the warnings. you know, for me, i think people get what the weather warnings are and what they mean. and it's our job as communicators to delve into a bit more detail. and you know, people know that if there's a red warning, you know, that is going to affect people in, in should be a way you conduct, could potentially be

a risk to like 20 so much sun or an ocean and lying for talking weather, with our international audience really appreciate you and also not to whether we're also talking about extreme weather events, how they are linked to climate change and how we can better for them. the conversation is wrapping up on the street, but i am taking it to the instagram. thank you. guests, thank you to business

leaders grasp

with every hello, i'm barbara starr in london. these are the top stories on al-jazeera to drug firms have applied for european approval for their corona virus vaccine. the american firm, pfizer and its german partner by own take, have joined them up there enough to ask for emergency consent. the european union's medicines agency says it aims to make a decision by the end of the months. similar approval has been requested in the u.s. with experts, the citing who will get the job 1st. this can be how could explains now from the white house. not only has emerged to see use authorization been requested by both mcgurn and pfizer. but now the.