i. am all for to. do this let west a strong china. to. china's leaders sheeting paying called macao a shining example of the one country 2 systems policy one that beijing says hong kong's outspoken people could learn from the digital poland 0 hong kong. this is al-jazeera and these are the headlines israel has begun its cover 1000 vaccination campaign but the goal of inoculating up to 60000 people every day the rollout includes israeli settlers in illegally occupied territory but currently excludes millions of palestinians living under israeli control ari nasa has the latest for us from mr sam tomorrow all of those that are over the age of 60 and

have preexisting conditions will be vaccinated appointments for that had already opened up late last week in the 2nd phase of the vaccination people who are in high contact with the public and people will be vaccinated that is including teachers social workers as well as soldiers 60000 people are expected to be vaccinated every day but all depends on how many vaccines how many doses will arrive here in a country now british prime minister barak johnson has announced strict $1000.00 restrictions in london and in southeast and land the netherlands has also banned all flights from the u.k. in a bid to stop the spread of a new more contagious strain of the virus identified by the british government. u.s. president donald trump has contradicted his own secretary of state by saying china

could be responsible for the worst cyber attack in u.s. history my compare however said it was pretty clear that russia was behind the hacking some of the 344 boys who were kidnapped in northern nigeria have described their ordeal they're now back with their parents in the state of katsina some of the children say they were beaten daily by their captors men raided their school and took them last friday leaders from 8 east african countries are due to attend an emergency summit in djibouti in the coming hour to discuss the challenges facing the region the humanitarian crisis in ethiopia is more than 2 great region will be top of the agenda the regional bloc known as egads will also discuss the diplomatic standoff between kenya and somalia all those other headlines i'll have more news for you here on al-jazeera after inside story do stay with us. since then arab spring swept through countries across the middle east and north africa in a series of interviews we explore the legacy of

a revolution that changed the political landscape of the region tunisia's former president. discusses the arab spring 10 years. farmers in india are angry and protesting controversial new laws they say their livelihoods and its big corporations would benefit prime minister not enjoy a modest sized change is needed but that's both tests intensified what would he do this is inside story. hello and welcome to the program. for the past 3 weeks tens of thousands of indian farmers have been protesting against new ugly culture. they say the changes

will hurt their livelihoods by making them vulnerable to big corporations by the government insists the regulation of the industry is badly needed police say a least 25 people have died several of them from cold weather as farmers continue to block highways and camp on the oscars of new delhi on friday prime minister narendra modi offer to hold further talks as weeks of negotiations failed to reach a compromise modi says the farmers are being exploited by opposition parties which she says support of the new laws when they held government. i just want ease in the life of farmers i want their progress and once modernity in the agriculture sector political parties should stop misguiding farmers it's been over 6 to 7 months since the farm laws were implemented but now suddenly games are

being played to plough one's political land through a web of lies. elizabeth has the latest from the indian capital new delhi. prime minister modi said that everyone has been demanding reforms in the agricultural sector he said that previous governments that opposition parties have been wanting to pass these same laws but haven't been able to he said that those parties who are now stoking the protests and that they're jealous of him for possibly laws which they weren't able to but he doesn't want credit for the law was he just wants to make farmers happy he also asked opposition parties to stop using farmers for political gain well that's not going to go down well with farmers these protests have been going on for 3 weeks now they're very much a grass roots movement and they are people who lead with tens of thousands of farmers if not more continuing to block 3 major highways into the indian capital

region and this week they had some good news from the indian supreme court which was hearing petition seeking the immediate removal of farmers of protesters from highways but the supreme court said the farmers have a right to protest as long as they're not damaging any lives or property the supreme court also asked the country solicitor general to form a committee with farm union leaders and the government to resolve this dispute of the say that they're not open to that that they've had their own talks with the government they reject the government's proposed amendments and say that nothing short of a complete repeal of the 3 farm laws will do because they say that the laws were passed without any consultation with farmers that they will push through parliament and that they inherently favor large corporations over pharmacists. let's introduce our panel in oxford in the u.k. an associate professor of development studies of the university of oxford. to

henson have a member of the behind us here janata party also in india in gauguin our own kama professor of the institute of social sciences when we're come to you or. i when you look at the laws introduced by the government about ugly culture you get the 1st impression that this is something that could help the farmers charge the course but this is not the way the farmers themselves see it yes absolutely it is no laws have been and don't surely through all much of far less some are and now into the window of the government for us to introduce them under the shadow of lock down. then took the map by limone to where the opposition was not allowed to have a show of hands are this eco insisted on the voice support and the opposition are equally resented there's this protested this but we've been by them and are outside

parliament there are the opposition to these laws has not been duped into account which is why we had the situation on the streets now the farmer has you know deregulation and liberalisation of agriculture with no serious doubts and the government seems to want to ram these through and it was it has this new liberal model of market dozing in mind to him do you see the impasse broken any time soon with the prime minister saying i'm moving forward with the plan and with the farmer saying there's absolutely no way we will go for a compromise until the laws are scrapped by the government. well these foreign reponse or waiting to happen for the last 15 or deal is that every political party at some point of time or the other has supported it even the previous or agriculture minister showed up a lot has supported the previous in fact to the present job to protest who belongs

to the congress mr brander singh he has supported in the past now you know all of the apprehensions and all of the concerns of the of the farmers have been addressed in a very detailed proposal given out by the government on the 9th of december some general the issues which has been raised by them present glued to m.s.p. concerns about m.s.p. pricing which includes concerns about corporates and the private sector. taking over the land all of these have been addressed but unfortunately the the protesting farmers have not come back for a clock and now it's come to a point where you know it's a it's a very autocratic protest where they want to fire up our laws to be repealed or to get out that we need to understand that india isn't reformist more than the same way that you can't under all of the tax reponse which are taken place in the last 5 years you're going to the g.s.t. the are we have a pretty open mind when it comes to discussion but it comes from because usually when it comes to addressing the concerns of the farmers rich which in fact the

prime minister has repeatedly emphasized when it comes to the hybrid unfortunately the congress the government won't give in to that kind of a pleasure is it likely what we're planning to do in this program which is basically says ress some of the concerns of the farmers are ruined i mean in series why would the farmers the afraid of the notion of bypassing government regulated markets selling selling the own produce directly to the clients and dealing with private companies instead of going through middleman. so you know we have to appreciate the fact that 86 percent of the family rather small consummating less than 5 acres of land and they don't have much of a clout you know as companies are large they have lawyers they have you know various kinds of possibilities that the farmers don't have deep pockets so in other words it's not possible for farmers to take on the corporate sector which may be entering the market and the issue really is that the government seizes the freedom

arcade and we're giving the farmers choice but the point is that you know in agriculture there's nothing like 3 in the markets because you know the produce market you know when you produce something you're in debt and therefore you have to return that you know that money that you're borrower and therefore you don't have a choice. so in a sense you know there's nothing like a free market that can operate in agriculture and you know the choice to the small farmer is not possible so this notion that you know we are giving the farmers get a choice they will benefit out if it does some us don't see dr a lot to see that you know david is hurting badly even before the laws were brought in because you know of the fact that they were not getting the price the minimum support price that they were supposed to get and that's right and they wanted at least you know that safety that if you have a monday the markets that but already existing that equity markets then at the day

you can get the minimum support price now divided then the markets will disappear i want to peter time it's not they will happen tomorrow but what a period of time these markets may disappear the support price may disappear and in the free market you know they may not get the price that they deserve so they're very inviting because that's been the past experience and it's true that you know vegas political parties and they've been in power they've said yesterday that even the b.p. when it was out of power had opposed these kind of reforms so mr moody as a good judge of minister had opposed the. you know this. you know i don't jaitley in the parliament and you know was he put his legal world these kind of changes because they said the promise cannot deal with the open market situation so it seems let you know depending on where the political party it's in power then it goes for the corporate sector it's in opposition then it works against it so in other words there's a lot of politics that is involved in it and the farmers are the ones who've been suffering you know they've been protesting for the last few years you know you saw

before the elections you will get you know demonstrations in maharashtra you saw his demonstration outside delhi in my dipping danish in various other parts of the country you know farmers from as far away as jenny had come to delhi and spent 100 days they were doing all kinds of things like shaving on their head taking on the accuser to try to draw that in showing the government but you know the government was not listening to them so now the problem wasn't mobilized and they see that you know they wanted least a basic minimum you know if you can't improve the situation don't let these laws made the situation worse let's talk about the let's talk about the basic minimum. i mean in a free market and this is i think one of the biggest concerns for the farmers these are people barely surviving or what they produce every year and they just concerned that in entering a new territory they won't have the same bargaining power to negotiate with private companies and suddenly they will the companies will end up being the one the ones dictating the terms of the market. that's so the current government in

order to build a consensus around the laws is telling us that there were 3 our agricultural farmers would be able to sell in any part of the country they don't have to go to middlemen and they're not dependent anymore on the agricultural use market yards this is a fantasy that any of this was not possible earlier if i were a farmer and i wanted to sell at my farm give it to a private there i could do that in more students of india i could travel from you know sailed over the ocean the nagual jug in the west it's just there the vast majority of farmers in india have an average annual income of 2 after any details into these a year and these are the cigars with that kind of income you cannot put all your juice on a few train and you know gary and half the across the pond you will own the corporate it coming to you or the markets coming to you and that's where the fear is in the

inequality in the system and we also have to journos that the government and talking about reform and this is just wrong is necessary as it is really out there to model of how structurally the economy has to move from dependence on agriculture to industry that was their stock of the in the economy the big structural push by god grows in stone to a day and this stock is from the 1000 fifty's sixty's and seventy's and it got for the berkshires in the 1990 s. will die will be economically fargo this is when industry is growing and there is employment in industry now india is at a stage where last year we had more unemployment than the last 45 years so when those well are there are alternative and we undercut the conditions that the farmers act in already where are they going to go so is this out it did model of reform that is being pushed on people with lot of done it there's

a great don't. power to be co-parents on which this government wants to hear the prime minister says this is a politically motivated move by by the opposition to the whole of the reform process but when you look at the consensus that has been prevailing india since the sixty's is that for the government to give a sense of dignity to the small farmers there needs to be always this minimum support price which is the m.s.p. to ensure that people will never be able to be manipulated by corporate corporations this is not what this reform is addressing and this is why people are pretty much concerned about what happens next when the government is not forthcoming when comes to the m.s.p. . so you need to understand that m.s.p. does not get impacted by these 3000 laws at all m.s.p. has existed from the same 160 the new government in the last 2 in the last trick to 5 years or so has done what with the existence of various exultant there is no

question of doing of it that i missed these now but you also need to understand that m.s.p. works better as an administrator mechanism that early good instrument because of very objective the very purpose of chemistry is to tweak it a constant intervals to give the benefit to the to the promise that in times when there is a bump up production and they tend to get less so the very purpose of m.s.t. is to make it that he likes the bill and if it does my out in a litigant purpose and started a litigious process that well up us will get to peak it but at the same time we have repeatedly assured that m m s p p system built continue it will remain unaffected by something and in any case if you look at the fact the percent of the farmers today sell outside the empathy m.s.p. the ones protesting as well if you look at the protest might be call it politically motivated as the political parties protesting in canada and bihar do not even remember that in bihar a p.m.c.

has been done over a bit in 2006 and here it is not a perfect for many years and these are the people who are at the forefront of the protest the delhi c.m. who bought the farm bill recently and has a state assembly was the 1st one to actually know to play one of the 4 but of the pompous and 22nd of november to 1 of the. sorry one of the other concerns voiced by the people is a basically with the noodle there's absolutely no way you can settle disputes in course you have to go to other of the board one particular the conciliation board and this is why people are very much concerned about the 3 laws introduced by the government. yeah so you know there are several kinds of issues that have been raised and i think we need to address them 1st and that m.s.p. is known going to disappear you know what will happen is that disappear slowly as the it the mc the markets the wholesale markets you know they will be can as you know you begin to sell outside and when you begin to sell outside you know there's

no guarantee that the small farmer can actually counter the lawyers of the big corporates and so on and also you know the big companies are not going to buy from large number of small farmers they will continue to use the presenter no wholesale trade was much less in number than what they exist today but they're going to aggregators so in a sense you know the squeeze on the small guy will be bought from the corporates adler's as from the trader and outside the mc markets you know they'll be very little protection and venue are not able to go to court and you have to go for some kind of arbitration board there the lawyers will then know what the small guy he did not know what kind of contract would be signed it's extra there's all sort of a problem that the small guys see and that is that they will lose their land because you know that contract may be in such a way that you know they would have to forego their land and become land less labor as you know it in a sense if you look at what happened in $971.00 census after the green revolution

started in 1067 large number of farmers became blandest laborers so i think a lot of fear of the farmers is that they're going to lose their land to the big guys you know they'd be contract farming that would come in and they would have no voice before these people another issue that i think is very important in this context and that didn't mechanization that has been taking place in agriculture so that employment in our city in agriculture has dropped to 0 this was mechanization good harvest to combine and so on that new jobs are not being created so this is what is called disguised unemployment you know people are simply see. being in the pond and doing a little bit of work and that raises costs so in a sense the solution to the problem lies outside the farm itself by creation of the non-fan employment but what's happened is that investment in agriculture has declined investment in who really hasn't declined and therefore you know not enough jobs are being created and people are being pushed out into the yard or are forced

to remain in agriculture you know it still employs about 42 percent of the workforce but only produces about 14 percent of the g.d.p. so it shared is declining you know all the time and therefore you know the people that have a look incomes as well being said earlier so there are a whole range of issues that lead to agriculture as well as to non agriculture it links up not just to agriculture policy but what kind of taxation we have what kind of subsidy policy they have by duty policies so you know what. creationists won but you know the issue is how to improve the lot of the farmers that i think is not mean issue or actually i promise you been protesting even before this but then nikita don't you think that this could be the moment to think generally about how to move forward because i called india is not like in other parts of the well something like 60 percent of the g.d.p. and you cannot move forward more investments or ask international investors to step in without a genuine transparent to me forbes don't you think that the farmers themselves need

to understand that this is a critical moment for them. so see the line of questions we're asking and the title no small grand sessions that will love muggles making now after the laws have been grads obama meant when they're all in government constituents while protesting and finally designed these kinds of questions should have been asked well not only are in across our mencia commit do you want members of hamas organizations then some didn't none of that was have one just talk about rugby is about investor confidence and getting investment in glendale in you know all sorts of sectors and i can see that the government generally wants to do that we need to understand that one of the effect or has that makes india made india attractive to companies from abroad to come and invest in india is what i mean it's labor force and to the fact that india is a rising large economy but the demographic dividend and importantly unlike

a country like china it does democratic when the gov when it is reducing their democratic dividend of this country its own citizens i don't esteve and on to this is sending not a good signal do investors a dollar so what might have to farming in mind is that reform has to be ruled people are going to. mock. and it needs to come to new with the tradition of democracy that is india was you know that whole is india's place in the world cutting down act and only pushing a corporate experience the government seems to be doing a really it does so decadence of what india has a right to him you said that this is good for the country by says that one of the biggest problems with the prime minister is basically he's always confident he has enough support of the parliament and therefore he commits to can implement whatever reforms laws he wants to do but when it comes to this particular issue people are

saying no to the elation. yes to reform of the existing laws in the country this give be an indication that perhaps the government did not consult with the people who are mostly affected by this particular issue and most importantly he didn't have the heart of the why he didn't win the hearts and minds of the farmer unions. if you're a veteran to the passage of the bill in parliament especially the register bar let me tell you that on the given day even before the voting which unfortunately could not take place we had the prerequisite numbers unfortunately 2 of the regional parties were protesting today ships they are not and the n.c.p. brought in by russia they were not part of the discussion they walked away before the voting much before the discussion was concluded the one god of all places i understand he gave a reason a personal reason for not being that rally that he was not a part of that discussion but the point is that this i mean almost every product ical party in the past has supported these reports in fact it was in the manifesto

at the congress party also the reason why we had to or should you need to understand that during the lockdown we have taken an extra initiative to keep the economy moving and the results of which are showing at this point of time so if if one of the biggest gainers of the last 6 or 8 months has been the agricultural sector regarding the recording of the highest exports and the highest production one of the reasons is that we have been entered a formal report missed more at a time than be credible corded to take it easy and mind you these protests which are taking place right now has also only exposed once again the wost inequality that existed in the sector it is the large landowners and the intermediaries who are largely protesting in the protest the largely centered around one or 2 states the bulk and them but you agree with me or are if i may just same place you agree with me this is quite significant this was a pivotal moment for our country and therefore i think the need for more debate

could have been the best way out for the prime minister let me go for this particular question to a run when you change the law from supply focused to demand focused you're changing the very structure of the one of the most people to all sectors of the economy it could lead to glory what a disaster the same time. yes so you know if you want to reform agriculture you have to invest massively in rural area as you know that is the main thing that has not happened after the mid 1980 s. you know investment in agriculture has been declining in public investment and agriculture and you know i let me also point out that foreign investment in india is only 5 percent of the total investment bulk of the investment is really internal and that is what has fallen after $21213.00 from 36 percent now down to 28 percent and even less so that is what one needs to increase and it's not going to be

foreign investment in fact the family of what about foreign players coming in and they will be the big guys and there they will you know dispossessed large number of the small farmers so i think the real issue is what the families feed whatever the political party may be saying whatever they may be saying earlier you know whatever their views even the b.g.p. was opposing these kind of reforms when it was out of power and it was in the states you know it's like you weren't really is that you know can you. look at the production data and see it is really working well but it's not because you know in the pandemic you know the rules vegetables milk poultry it's a drought they suffered badly you know that data is not available you know unique qualities are very high so i think you know the a lot of issues and therefore what you need is a holistic package for reform and a little bit of not just the kind of thing that had been said you know in the last thank you thank you officer to we're running out of time next to her and send her a little comma i would appreciate your time and your insight. and thank you for

watching you can see the program again any time by visiting our website dot com for further discussion goes our facebook page that's facebook dot com forward slash a.j. incisively you can also join the conversation on twitter 100 is a.j. incisively from. the entire team here in doha by phone. from fossil fuels to modern day renewable as societies develop the energy demands increase requiring innovative solutions to meet such to moms as a global power development of investment company nebraska power is uniquely positioned to deliver against the state amounts we provide business growth promote social economic benefits and provide innovative safe and fire mentally sound energy solutions for future generations the breastpin pioneering future energy the virus

is indiscriminate yet those living in poverty are far more vulnerable to the dangers of covert 90 i'll be re-examined as the reasons for this disparity the social and economic inequalities that surround us so much much more problematic than we thought whether lessons learned from the global pandemic could lead to positive change. the fix for him. all hail the lockdown exposes privilege and poverty during a crisis on a. we've never had a president who has literally for 4 or 5 years repeatedly attacked our democracy. you know closer than or. i don't have a narrative i have a question you're hitting there really where people can't get treated and even further join me richelle carey on outfront as my guest from around the world take the hot seat and we debate the week's top stories in pressing issues here on

al-jazeera. from the favelas of caracas so the battlefields around most of our job is to get to the truth and empower people through knowledge. israel begins backs a nation against code that 19 and remains unclear when millions of palestinians will be offered the job. hello there i'm the stars here today this is al jazeera live from doha also coming up reports of another school kid nothing in northern nigeria just 2 days after hundreds of abducted children are reunited with their families. u.s. president donald trump downplays the impact of a vast cyber security breach seen as the west in new.