e.-v. is a kind of. initiate the next step is to encourage people all even the government itself to seriously think about how the e.-v. electric vehicles because it's been the the next generation fall for the environmental friendly public transportation so while the government hopes that the program is successful and that the fossil fuel powered boats are on the way out a marine could be getting some good news his canal is set to be the next phase for the electric quotes and that will allow him to fish in peace and relative quiet it's got harder al jazeera bangkok. and let's take you through some of the stories here on al-jazeera now there are signs a trade agreement between the e.u. and u.k. is imminent u.k.

prime minister abbas johnson is reported to be finalizing details on the phone with a new leader sort of on the way and johnson is expected to hold a news conference in the coming hours as a bank has more from london we've been hearing from both sides that the other has made considerable compromises we've heard from the u.k. sources from the u.k. saying that the europeans have made compromises we've heard from france that the u.k. has made compromises and that's because each of those countries wants to show to their electorate that they have won that they've got the best possible deal for their country and if you read the papers here in the u.k. today it's very much talking about that this is some sort of victory that prime minister barak's johnson has managed to pull this off even before anyone has even seen this deal going to stand it's about 2000 pages long. if here his prime minister abu ahmed has deployed military forces to a western region where gunmen killed 100 people local media is reporting government

forces killed 42 armed men in beni shango good moods abby visited the area a day before the attacks he urged peace and unity between ethnic groups at least 20 people have died after a boat carrying migrants sank off the coast of tunisia those on board were thought to have been trying to reach the italian island of lampedusa when the vessel capsized to news year's coast guard has said 5 people were rescued but they're still looking for 20 others u.s. president donald trump has granted clemency to more of his allies the list of $26.00 pardons and commutations includes his former campaign chairman paul manifold jared couche for his father and roger stone it's inside story now.

evidence of war crimes in mali u.n. investigators accuse both the military and armed groups of violating human rights the report recommends setting up a court for prosecutions so will the perpetrators finally be held accountable this is inside story. hello and welcome to the program i'm. it's been investigating rights violations in mali for more than 2 years now the un says it has evidence of war crimes and crimes against humanity both security forces and armed groups have been implicated in

a report the 338 page document details atrocities allegedly committed since the 2012 armed conflict. they include murder maiming and sexual violence civilians aid groups and un peacekeeping forces were targeted some victims were people suspected of being linked to armed groups the investigators have handed their report to the secretary general and their conclusion could be used as a legal basis for prosecution they have already recommended setting up a court course in salumi has more details from the report from the united nations it contains many disturbing accounts in its 338 pages about what has happened in mali since that insurgency was launched by the tar eggs in 2012 covers a lot of ground the investigation was launched as part of a peace process in 2015 and it found a litany of war crimes and crimes against humanity by all of the main parties

in this conflict the work climbs by mali and defense and security forces include violent attacks on those who are suspected of cooperating with armed groups outside of a combat situation and for the various armed groups there's just a litany of crimes against humanity it's really many disturbing details everything from murder maiming rape attacking humanitarian groups including the united nations their sexual violence rape. just a whole list of things and one example that they give that was particularly disturbing happened in central mali in 2017 when one armed group affiliated with the dogan people in retaliation for the death of one of their members launched attacks on villages and killed a number of people 39 people including several children so

a lot to wade through in this report let's take a closer look at the events that have unfolded in mali over the past 8. years violence began spreading in 2012 when ethnics warrick separatists launched an armed uprising in the north france launched a military operation in 2013 it has around 5000 troops in the region they back a military force from the so-called g. 5 sad countries security in mali is still volatile despite the presence of thousands of you in foreign and french forces and large areas remain outside government control interim prime minister has said his government is prepared to pursue dialogue with the armed groups in the hope of peace and an end to the bloodshed. all right let's bring in our panel in the mali and capital bomb a. journalist and publisher at le mali mag dot com amalia news website mohamed

writes extensively on security in the conflict in the sahara region in philadelphia susanna wing a specialist on west africa and associate professor at khaybar for college susanna is also author of constructing democracy in africa mali in transition and in aberdeen a lecturer at the university of aberdeen and author of inherent and contemporary challenges to african security welcome to each of you mohammed let me start with you today this report comes as there are still u.n. peacekeepers on the ground in mali 1st of all how significant is the report secondly from your vantage point what happens now. herb think you saw like a. little banal in the in the node initial doesn't serve the learner and the commands accuse and and forces are meant and will 'd work cram against you moni and. them off of our. money is

all of it even if it's just you shouldn't and money and again we can. and finding it against the bully is not in the in the in my grandsons are and of not only done so hot dog and once ot in order. of an as a shot it up and. up like me and or so the cure was a. cream against civilian and war song we not at once or look in no in time i didn't want to. sanction against them but the and ascension because of indignities of disagreement implementation so are there a lot of city. still is a senior more money and and. so the situation is very complex

we need to get inside and us and of course get a shot and the see what's up and how are you know it in mission leadership or song its when did it pour can our answer people are really really. see saw the importance of what an english has so that i can the conclusions of this report be used as a basis for potential prosecution going forward absolutely so i think. what's important here and it's just been said is that you know these crimes have been ongoing and they've already been reported they've been reported by groups like human rights watch and the fact that the un inquiry is now reiterating reinforcing and has submitted this to the security council means gives it a whole nother level of authority and possible and enforcement and holding these

counters these. folks accountable for their actions so so yes big because it's an inquiry an official inquiry from the u.n. that's been submitted to the security council that shifts the playing field such that it can be used for prosecution manu how will the government deal with the findings of this report i think the government because the government is led on the army it's a serious negotiation to be making against the army. if the previous speaker city this was going to go forward. into a prosecution names who start not just hearing about bill marmion army but women are actually names. names being mentioned and there are people who are out of

government. or the military right now it may indeed have. you know because a report. or alleging particular. chance gresham's which we already know we already knew about extrajudicial killings all of a right to a groups even. under the region. we have to wait and see warped comes our evening court on the eve will have to answer questions on this last unit in the army on the government then you will be in various years. and so then i saw you nodding along to a lot of what manu was saying there did you want to jump in and add to the point he was making well i think this is you know there's 2 ways this could go one is that people who are currently involved in the government somehow have some connection to

those that are named in this report so we don't know that information yet the other way it could go is because there has been a coup a transition in government since the time when this that this report covers it's possible those people are actually no longer. in power or affiliated right with the military and so it could also be that those currently in government point and say oh that was them right we are we're a different crowd we won't know until we actually know as as has been said who is named and if there are names in this report muhammad this report recommends setting up a court that specializes in prosecuting international crimes do you believe that's actually going to happen do you think it will get to the point where there will be a court set up and we will see people prosecuted. i want to jump on some point you

know that's not the 1st the u.n. security council in order to a lot of money and forces underneath the before to cool the reporters a lot and then the word went mission in that report. to. make of that goal for to peace for us. yes but it is just as implementation and we didn't see it like that at all of any. law one of evolution didn't cotton to justice. so it is not just. in this if you dickless law that says one employer. and unsought lending mentioned then i think. a flaw must be done and sunshine parcel must be done.

for or other leaders can candidacy and do not need disinterested indyk than what they did in its order its early it is very important to do to follow our and julie portal and of. the work or in 3 civilian who. are even the core of the planets in addition to that the bullish on it will write in english one needs to know and then he just is. accused of. a crime against civilian people who want them to see their justice let me. let me just let me just interrupt you and get back to one of the points you're making in a minute because i want to i want to ask mano to expand on one of the points you were making you know man of mohammed was talking about the current situation i want to ask you where do things stand right now in mali i mean how much of mali remains

outside of government control. so much of the monoline. remains outside of the actual. money and government control the vast majority majority of it some of it. there french forces on the right you know. g 5 forces control and some of it is in the hands of islamist and. other groups the actual money in government is now quite limited in terms of it very cheap the power that it covers in months. that doesn't mean all of it is an islamist groups. so the what is more important is that all of this coming out or a very serious political crisis mali is going through which manifested

in both economic and security challenges on the east the different demento political crisis that east issues so you could make allegations against wherever you want to make a new kitchen and and we've also heard from our audience of french excesses french forces excesses in martin you can make all of these allegations you could even sit on the tribunals i prosecute individuals how however innocence so i'm wondering mental problems that money is is going through so i think. in an ice you see tribunals i'd this time it's good it's going to haul a few people to account may work but it is it's really and not truthful marni it's not a necessity it's what really money needs right now is to it for people to sit down

and think carefully about the political problems that mali asked and then try to resolve it and later on you could who are people accountable true on the means which could be criminal prosecutions but i destroy and i think we need to be focusing on what is more important for mali i'm for marlon's so then i want to ask you to step back from this for a 2nd a look at their all the peacekeepers because there are mali and who have been protesting the presence of u.n. peacekeepers believing that their presence really has done more harm than good in the over. well picture with the findings of these report becoming public now is that going to increase the level of anger from some quarters in mali towards u.n. peacekeepers well i think. you know the points that have been made a really good ones that the people who are living through this crisis and

experiencing. and have experienced the violence. this this is on the one hand is is possibly a tool to hold people accountable right but really they need a fundamental shift in the overall security situation and if. the peacekeepers on the ground people are calling for. for them their removal and think that in fact they're causing more harm than good i don't know i i i'm not sure that that connection will necessarily be made in the sense that 1st and foremost people are looking for greater security on the ground the un is a complex institution so when you have one inquiry coming from one aspect of the un into the security council that's very far removed from the soldiers that are

peacekeepers that are that are on the ground. so that's sort of that's sort of hard to know and the other point that i'd like to say is that you know most mali and are not going to be in tune with what has just happened with this u.n. report in other words it's it's not widely decimated right it's disseminated it's not widely shared so so although you know there will be some people in bomb a co who are well aware and they may use this. to sort of. they may use this in their arguments about you know the u.n. peacekeepers it's time for them to move on because they've they've done nothing about these kinds of atrocities mohammed earlier you were speaking about the security situation so i want to ask you to follow up on that a little bit right now how strong are armed groups in different parts of mali right

now and are they actually strengthening their foothold. not mine is a was yes but now he's got all of. my 1000000 gullible and would only be. gone to. a lower part of the of a country that the last of the if you divide a country in the but there are. 2 planets. in the sun done. and in the noffs order burden flutist on doing a lot of time on your money and administration limits those of aria and minor forces in and one in the lands i want to war in secured us the so does. need to secure themselves then pollution and somewhat sought or have been created to to do to claim glenn for our political lower is one but

another must of my identity to ease and ended wouldn't you begin a big one an administration we saw who the force of the other. like my movement of to. us and who before they have. that one cannot on a 1000000000 the one who secured the population sort of the opposition live dressed then. the money and not the station mind and whatever it is needs all the published instead and. some lads secured by news none. since you are or are followed by a buck and what defines sun is it so by man security is the guts and the target beyond. use it is asian white male. so.

it's systems immunity if you need it and the. manu could you talk to our viewers about the humanitarian toll that the conflict has taken in mali i'm speaking about how much of an impact civilians have had because of conflict how dire the situation is for them so the humanitarian tool is massive it's huge if you ask because the different a mental problem is the monley in government in east new longer keep people off performing or often government in many parts of the country imaan e.-n. environment or climate has changed which is affecting people's livelihoods the way

that we're always made an economy themselves then you have the violence from all sorts of groups. mohamed was trying to explain and you know all that so many different groups that if we start naming them it may take it to 3 minutes to do so . i'm divines is not decreasing some of this islam these groups are aware of the conventional forces like those old friends and they know how to run how it went when different the french approach it so even though you may take different make it a particular area for a particular period of time it doesn't necessarily mean that the groups have been defeated it is just a group of for doubt and to wait for a suitable time to come up so as mohammad sink and onto parts of mani's covered by all of this group so they citizens or d.

. civilians in this cots ah generally. a humanitarian problem because you need to find a way to support them on do you need to find a way to survive so monley on decide how the region is one of the biggest human each area in a crisis or not so that's how beat the the problem is and install from quite a wide range of challenges and we need to keep and for sizing this point the political crisis that money is facing mali is a complex social and physical environment mali has a political system that was coupled together i think in the late fifty's it's. honestly use every right to your means to keep this just disparate groups together

for a better known time and as we've seen through do coups and a bunch elections that the system is no go work for lone want not even a monument as we saw in that demonic elite was keep count in in august this year it doesn't work for anyone so do fundamental issues what would the un france the united states and the powers in the world is how can you make this system work for different groups that are in march and it's time to to keep aside doc amount is time to keep us on the cheeks and simple this is a 21st century remark that no longer works want to revenge and we need to think about a series of reforms that will bring to get into different groups where the idea islamist web that. reassures me mano. i'm sorry to interrupt

we just how about a minute and a half left i just want to ask one final question of susanne i thank you for your answer there susanna just how fragile is the political situation right now in mali i mean since the coup a transitional government has been tasked with organizing elections where do things stand it's extremely fragile and as we've seen in mali elections you know they they don't mean stability so so while everybody is demanding elections and ultimately there should be elections they those who are in control right now are in control because of a coup. but if these things move too fast and you have huge swaths of the country people who live there who are disenfranchised because of the security situation and the other really important issue in mali is that there's been sort of a continuation. of the same group of elites time and time again just a reshuffling of individuals. and no real opening of the political system for

wide participation and this this leads to ongoing project so just as what has already been said you know the fundamental problem in mali is a cold one everybody needs to come to the table somehow night and ricoh she ate what this system will look like the problem is that the spoils are too great for each group so nobody wants to provide the space for everybody to to participate but it's a very fragile insecure situation currently all right well we've run out of time so we're going to have to leave the conversation there thanks so much to all our guests my how much the law suzanna wing and manu. and thank you too for watching you can see the program again any time by visiting our website al-jazeera dot com and for further discussion go to our facebook page that's facebook dot com forward slash a.j. inside story you can also join the conversation on twitter our handle is adam a.j. inside story for me my mage and don't on the whole team here bye for now.

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al-jazeera. the the end. of that and how i'm a hit in endo how with the headlines on al-jazeera there are signs that a trade agreements between the e.u. and the u.k. is eminence u.k. prime minister boris johnson is expected to speak shortly from downing street he's reportedly finalizing details on the phone with the youth leader of on the lion britain's chief negotiator david frost was in talks with his e.u. counterparts in brussels late into the night on wednesday any deal will need to be ratified by both parliaments u.k. parliaments will have to do this before britain they use the transition period on december.