and and i hope you agree with me. fully reusable transportation systems have significantly reduced costs for each launch for humans and cargo ships and start building up a city than making the city bigger and bigger even after defying expectations musk's critics doubt his billions will be enough to finance his dreams a vision that will likely cost trillions of dollars to realize and will depend on future technology not yet invented but for now the next starship is fully assembled and nearly ready for launch and al-jazeera. it's good to have you with us hello adrian figure here in doha the headlines on i was 0 the policy of me outlaws ousted leader aung san suu chief says that the military has waited its offices in several regions have seized computers and documents the army took power in a military coup on monday people are becoming

a growing campaign of civil disobedience and protest they follow has more from the angle there's been a whole will people working for the government organizations to join a campaign of civil disobedience so essentially it's a form of strike they are. using to do that what under the military will they were using to work directly for the military and so we've seen that there's a cold for it across all governments organizations also we've seen calls from the youth a young gun youth network which is an activist group but where it's had the most impact and the thing that everyone's talking about the most is in the hospitals there are 17 hospitals the medical clinics that have reportedly signed up to this campaign for civil disobedience. a group of opposition parties in ethiopia is to greater region says that more than $50000.00 civilians have been killed in the

conflict between regional separatists and the ethiopian army it's not clear what the estimate is based on the ethiopian government has previously said that federal forces have been killed any civilians inspectors from the world health organization have visited of the role of the institute in the chinese city of han that's where the corona virus was 1st identified the team is investigating the origins of covert 9 team meanwhile china has promised 10000000 vaccines the global kovacs initiative . over 1400 people are reported to been arrested in protest against a court decision to send russian opposition leader alexina volley back to jail the court says that he violated the patient terms of an earlier conviction or recovering in germany from a near fatal poisoning the last man more than 2 years behind bars are those the headlines more news fear here and i was 0 right after the stream next

. it was the fast trial of its kind for my ugandan child soldier dominic on when is accused of recruiting more children to fight as he rose through the ranks of the in famous lord's resistance army. now he is about to learn his fate at the international criminal court in a. plan for me ok welcome to the screen in a global pandemic it makes sense for every country whether they were developing country or developed country to have access to life saving front seats but peace is not the case is the director general of the w.h.o. the world health organization to take just explain constantly. i do is the preacher under these are only knows muslims to their citizens while the world is illusive

all over the countries wards and with. this is not on this is not only leaves the ones most vulnerable people are there is it's also a sort of side to. the fiji bus of nationalism we have only brought home the pundit we the resurrection is needed to contain it. human learn legal need to suffer in. a conversation today will developing nations get a scene sold at the current 19 vaccine i know you have opinions if you're new to it right now jump into the comments section and be part of today's program our lineup of guests a very invested in this question really nice to see all of you dr and goes easy not to crease not nice to see you don't even go see what does our international audience need to know about pleasing she says. well thank you femi they just need to know their former board chair of the global vaccine alliance gavi and president

e m d w h o and also african union 19 an envoy good to have you not to question our welcome to the stream introduce yourself to our international audience base. chris now dyke marham a doctor in a faculty member of duke university and i read our global health innovation thank. you for trying for what's happening in terms of global equity as well as recommendations or how to make things better thanks for joining us and actually introduce yourself to our international audience what do we need to know about you based bank. thank you my name is our job. in india and brazil and south africa and access to that is going as i think of the arts as a project i started this about 18 years ago i worked in sub-saharan africa is crisis at that time and it got its name i'm so glad you mentioned that because i'm

just thinking where if we see missing situation before when the wealthy countries are saying this isn't for us a new poor countries when you soon it out for yourself julie s.k. on twitter he summed it up beautifully i hope these rich countries don't repeat the same mistakes experienced during the the aids pandemic goodness me actual you know about back not to question you know about what happened. well the there are some really interesting about lives and also some differences what happened around the turn of the century was that pharmaceutical monopolies that western pharmaceuticals they go out and open across the world became a reality more with the creation of the w.t. oh so what happened when aids exploded in sub-saharan africa was that you had these miracle treatments wasn't a cure but

a miracle treatment effective and your viral therapy that came to the market in the united states in 1906 was unavailable in south africa for instance until 2004 because it cost in $2000.00 a year which was just way too much for any individual or even any government to afford to roll out to its citizens. and doesn't go to we have an even more recent example which is the h one n one situation and it didn't know what happened that so we we should be learning our instance when i think this was a. time when rich countries when we had a trial and one pandemic which countries bought up all their vaccines live in poor countries with none now access to a vaccine. so here's the thing that i'm thinking of right now this idea of vaccine nationalism which is countries which is which is understandable would be to make sure that they protect that citizens within that country but we've

learned from the well i don't know how we learned from these lessons in the past so i think that there is a scheme there was a plan already for coping 19 there was a group an operation known as kovacs which would help with distribution which would help with that scenes which would help with even diagnoses so that regardless of what you g.d.p. was the end you would still get that scenes how's that playing going. well thank you femi actually this is the only international game in town to ice show ever to will and that's why they have all access to poor countries than 1002 countries members and we were able to raise 2000000000 dollars last year to try and procure vaccines so that these countries can get it at really very low prices to you know free and the pop death populations can get to a tree if if possible and what i have now is that they aim of kovacs is to

contract out about $2000000000.00 doses by the end of 2021 so they that it's nearly there and they've actually signed 1200000000 doses but the issue is it's one thing to sign an agreement to get this it's quite another to get a time where very worried that some countries developed countries may be bidding for some of these vaccines and some are willing to pay higher prices and we have we're just asking them to pay attention so that this does not deprive what our interests of that. is a worry is it doesn't that. is a worry is actually a sask get it absolutely is then you're right we're now moving from a point in time where we were really worried about how low and middle income countries would be able to purchase vaccines to now really worrying about the

timing of when they're going to get access so the copaxone arm is really the only multi a lateral platform but war we're starting to see is that if country of the more desperate about their needs they're moving on to other mechanisms as well so even if active able can get access to more than a 1000000000 'd those of we know that there are 6000000000 other those that have already been purchased the majority of them by high income countries. i wouldn't bring in francesco because he's not all bad news and some other creativity happening to countries to get the facts and our really going to get hold of that is that not. this is francesco and he has a story about children couple that happens. george began its 6 nation campaign about 2 weeks and what is remarkable about it is that refugees and jordanian alike are included in the us without distinction this is a remarkable achievements and built on the response of national responsible and

then in crisis since the beginning whereby refuges been included in class. effective way to stop them to spread is indeed to include every population in your soil including refugees international. actual so that can be done it can be done so why aren't more countries able to to i think work this system so they can actually get the vaccine go ahead. doesn't really interesting thing happened which is i think very instructive from the aids crisis so during the it's crisis there were aids drugs available technology to south africans right they just have to be $10000.00 which is as they could not afford that's open but you know the situation now is a little lizard because with western backed they've just been bought up so over 90 percent of the fire incident whatever vaccines are already bought up all the way

until the end of dirty pretty one by just a handful of rich countries now the situation when we began with our western countries will find they've placed all these preorders they must be doing great it's poor countries we need to worry about but if you go in the headlines of the last couple of weeks actually western countries are not doing that well they're rolling shortages all across the united states the e.u. is suffering from a crisis it's back stated i think only about 2 percent of its population so far that the dutch are writing on their streets the commissioner of the european union has just instituted an export ban on the astra zeneca vaccine because they're scared a company that they invested a lot of money in and bought a lot of vaccines from actually shipping that vaccines elsewhere and are giving it to the european union so the fight about this pandemic i think that we should all be paying attention to is that this is not really working out well for either rich countries or for poor used. doesn't connect you cannot be happy as can i come in on that femi i just want to support the last point this by endemic is different

because for the 1st time the whole world is affected and the manufacturing capacity to get enough doses for the world is really in short supply never before has the world had to produce billions and billions of those is at the same time so this is a problem that not enough investment has really gone into manufacturing capacity we are lucky that the institute of india ramped up production with our system strong gates to be able to produce a 1000000000 dollars this year but we need more manufacturing capacity that's really the problem there is a shortage of supply. i want to have those really cheerful or doctors are going to go to you tube so that you can have a conversation with without audiences well excuse me sense of butting in is rainy can any international body make sure that scenes are distributed even eat like it was that our dr christian to accompany. yeah i think this is pointing out that

while we have some global governance with the world health organization and with kovacs nationalism that we've just talked about is overriding all of those even among high income countries and you'll see that even the africa c.d.c. and the african union have recognized that in addition to kovacs there have to be other mechanisms so they've gone out and made 2 separate germans of $270000000.00 doses in one and $400000000.00 doses and another so even if kovacs the wildly successful this year only 20 percent of population in our core countries are going to get access to vaccines so we do have to solve the doctor and go the the exactly right that it's becoming more and more about manufacturing which is really also a recognition that the science behind vaccine development has really delivered that it now looks like we have more than a handful of vaccine that are going to be effective at addressing this coronavirus and so the focus now moves over to vaccination and then access. will question from

each e.p. at wendy's accedes costs much maybe she had no cost to anybody he wants to handle that $1.00 and just gives you take the sly. well. i think vaccines cost is so much because the amount of research and development investment that has to go 'd into them is substantial so in order to cover up costs and sometimes make a little bit of a margin. then companies you know have to charge these high prices but what we've tried to do is to help poor countries so that they don't have to pay such high prices because they can't afford it like i tell our same before days no way people can pay it to $6.00 spent those for fire for my data and similar costs may be far far far faiza a so that's why we created call that and we were able to raise $2000000000.00 from

the international community are now expecting to raise another $5000000000.00 so that they can be affordable and a hope that astra zeneca. has. looked has contracted out about 700000000 doses of this we've now seen the problem with the e.u. but i do hope most of the supply from this serum institute will become available and sometime in the 1st quarter we'll be able to share is not a problem the problem is the e.u. is saying they were buying up all masks and they were buying up so much that the actual vaccine producer they couldn't even make it fast now when the e.u. got really mad they don't run as anyone would and they're not getting the vaccine me well until the developing countries saying we're that's come of the new e.u. let me just bring in another thought. i would entice you to comment on that. let me

bring in another still and this is if you don't get together as a well we've covered 19 as and that's and to everybody there is a cost her listen to cell phone. if you're talking about video and the invest in a city like coal that we're talking about $30000000000.00 in order to manufacture and distribute $2000000.00 doses of vaccine to 20 percent of the growth population on judge or hand in the absence of equitable distribution seems we are talking are talking about billions and trillions of dollars it would be borne by the u.s. into countries so it is primarily a humanitarian responsibility to produce and distribute it acts in school hopefully by that we show that it is also an economic motivation caress it is countries to contribute to such facilities so this is not an act of charity this is an act of economic pressure and no economy will be fully recovered on this all of the

economies recover. thoughts. look i think this is an extremely important point the idea that none of us are safe until every one of a safe and the best way that is illustrated not chillingly is in the new variant so you have variants in south africa or variants in brazil in the united kingdom the less vaccinated people in these countries the more those variants will spread making all of the vaccines potentially less effective causing problems to the very richest countries who have bought these vaccines i just want to say though i'm a fan of yours i admire your vision your career and i also like your son writing a lot but i do want to say that i think garvie has had. has demonstrated you know still a way to the failure of western pharmaceutical companies a failure of western philanthropy got he has never really pushed western pharmaceutical manufacturers to release these monopolies on their vaccines and to

seek more collaborators as missing now you know a bit doing out of necessity so pfizer has got back to move artists and sanofi to produce its vaccine because it just doesn't make enough but you know we knew this early on we knew this last year and that's why there's a proposal at the beauty oh it's. you know i think you may have something to do it in the future where india and africa have asked for pharmaceutical monopolies to be waved in the back there because an act of solidarity might have actually is the key right and it just makes no sense that in the bank to me we are allowing pharmaceutical companies to keep the most valuable thing to them and the most harmful thing to us which is these monopolies that are to officially restrict who can manufacture vaccines and in what quantity. well it had to be. i'll come in on that and thanks for all your nice compliments you know what you said before that no one is safe until everyone you see this is very very true that

but that's why we all have to work together to make sure everyone has access what preterists pectoral gavi i would disagree with you somewhat in its ordinary vaccine work gavi has been able to push down the price of vaccines be law what you know people would not even espec to for some vaccines for children that cost $100.00 their dues in the us where we got he gets it that for 5 dollars 3 dollars sometimes that is unheard of because we have the volume the procurement power we procure for 60 percent of children in the world and so we can drive prices down so it has done that for this situation off of $1000.00 it's a little bit different because of the large volumes required and the fact that the manufacturing capacity is not there but andrew with you if you are actually thinking of the w t o those are the rules about how countries can get access in

a public health emergency rules of the w.t. or for the tree didn't multilateral trading system so the argument that these rules should be made more flexible and relaxed so that countries can get access let access and affordability equity be their overwriting objective and i think we come find out what take or less 3rd way to chance solve this problem in other words still allow access at 10 affordable price while still protecting you know the investment time research that went into these because some people argue if you just do this without some kind of framework in the future those who put money into research and give. meant may not be so keen so but time between days that we can do it 10 countries just need to put their minds and get together look at this ceremony institut of india they were licensed by astra zeneca in

a slightly different form of agreement and i believe we should do much more of that . and if i can see her daughter matter yes ok go ahead but briefings were always at the end. don't do a lot with respect i just want to say that there are 24 maxine mckew factors in india one of the reasons that we have one vaccine manufacturer making this act seems is because none of the others have the ability to do so because the western firms who do companies going to release their monopolies on the vaccine so now i'm not i'm not disagreeing with you i think of that writing objective should be equity and that's this i'm saying let's get to get them find a way to do it that is agreeable to all all parties manufacture as both in developed and developing countries and produce s. i believe we can do it so that we should we don't leave anybody behind because it makes no sense it makes no sense not to proceed to have yet and yet and i want to

point out i think the reference to the 3rd way we're already starting to see not just the sermons to india but we're seeing manufacturing in mexico in argentina in brazil in thailand astra zeneca vaccine none of which have overwritten ip concern so i do think there are mechanisms that we should really be able to learn from what's happening but we shouldn't lose track that what we know in hindsight doesn't change that 6 months ago we had no idea which maxine's may work and they're not all interchangeable so significant investment has been made at risk by lots of countries and the private sector to get us as far as we've gone now that we know that we have multiple candidates that can work we should be able to make even more focused investment into manufacturing to ramp up the effective vaccines that we have access to i did he let me bring in this is quick to me yet. i mean thank you for being part of the show my government is paying for vaccines i would like to see

my government help so other countries don't have to worry about paying is the only way to get rid of the pandemic delta goes into that is what you're saying that's the whole point of kodak but i have to say norway is also using that approach and paying for vaccines for other countries to push the go ahead. yes you're exactly right and we have seen canada and france come out with a framework by which high income countries can donate vaccine doses through kovacs norway today is the only country that's come out and said they're actually going to donate parallel paths in aiding their own populations so that becomes the real issue at hand is they're going to wait till everybody in your country is vaccinated or are you going to start donating at those doses in parallel of acclimating in your own country. i'm not there so i mean because i want to strongly support dr krishna i think we must say that some of the other countries that contributed to began for kovacs. countries. all

of them came forward the u.k. but the issues so we are grateful to that for that to then fund that but the issue is exactly what he said we going to wait until all of their population has been vaccinated for getting those this. is less a no and that that'll mean very heavy cost for the global economy just as we said before we need to have a parallel approach and need to let all countries at least be able to get to the 1st 20 percent before some people try to do 100 percent of their current woes doesn't negate the i think that's very hopeful i don't think that's going to happen . but hey i'm not a vaccine specially so and i just know the developing world in the developed well i'll not sure that's going to happen this is key and peele has been doing some research on see what happens when. the nationalism. and

she points out very dyess circumstances and similar consequences. december 20th 21st in the vast majority of vaccine doses being distributed among developed nations call it a shortfall in manufacturing this means that developing countries will inevitably be left behind in the global explanation effort this has both moral but also problematic implications in areas with high virus securely ssion we may see further mutations that escape existing vaccine designs it is therefore evidence that vaccine nationalism can fact only perpetuate the global healthcare crisis where is it you can tell this is a very engaging conversation that most poor nations will take until 2024 to achieve mass complete 19 immunization i am wondering dr in the in the just briefly. do you believe that it's going to take that long for

me unless we push very hard now what we're all saying and i challenge dr christian and myself we need to push out there now to make show doesn't get to do to be that way and i have to hope that if we do we're allowed to live be able to make it. i tell you plus dave yes and. you know what i am positive does an elephant in the room that we're not talking about which is not a western vaccines and russian magazines which are mounting evidence that they're of royalty are stepping in and filling the gap that has been left by western pharmaceutical manufacturers and by western philanthropy so large parts of the arab latin america eastern europe 1. are already taking millions of those as a sputnik the sign of iraq and this i know from beijing vaccine so there are multiple solutions coming out but i would love to see gabi and co x.

some of the actions of these not based on facts it's what we actually dealt a new year's eve. and i'll tell you what now i know you haven't seen the action. all right. this is this is a man i like well as i said i. thank you so much as we appreciate you appreciate you as always i will see you next time on a new edition of the street that's which. oman has a rich history but also plays an important diplomatic role in the gulf region today al-jazeera world discovers its empire stretched from the arabian peninsula to east africa built on great sea power. the problem existed was piracy. tribes wars rebellion empire and colonize ation.

oman history power and influence on al-jazeera it's america's worst kept secret cracked open in the time of a pandemic exposed in the time of trump through the turmoil of 2020 the big picture traces a century of racial injustice. to reveal how philanthropy politics and economics preserve structural inequality keep the white a supreme and black in its place the race for america part one on a just. out of his parent's house after he got me he says he found more space living in biscayne after a run of eating it last year it's now his home along with his wife daughter and all but the israeli government said that he was to be constructed we've gotten permits and issued at the militia in order last month our interview with cut short as he

hears that the israeli army has arrived in the village with the bulldozer residents face soldiers gave them one minute to get home it took the found me months to build their brick house and nothing an hour to see it get demolished. the 1st major protests in myanmar against the military coup calls for full the civil disobedience a growing. hello i'm adrian forgive this is al jazeera live from go also coming up opposition parties in ethiopia's tikrit region say that more than 50000 civilians have been

killed in 3 months of conflict.