knowingly spreading it into the rest of the. law. we need to keep a close watch on the survivors with thoughts. because they carry the virus in the body fluids they are to keep population to contain the outbreak the good news here is that we have a vaccine that works. the challenge is not the lack of medicine but the lack of trust in health services and communities where medical providers are too often absent this has now become the main hurdle in bringing and then to the break in getting nicholas hawking al-jazeera. again i'm fully back with the headlines on al-jazeera the 1st us china talks under the biden administration have gotten off to a confrontational start the americans have accused china of threatening the international order while beijing has warned washington to stay out of its internal fasts the afghan government and the taliban have reportedly agreed to speed up

peace talks russia has been hosting talks which have been taking place less than 2 months before the deadline for american troops to pull out of afghanistan we had it in moments of negotiation with the americans and the degree that the real withdraw in 14 months and these that time is now going to end if they do not. end that means they continue after that it will be. while ation of the agreement that to a lation would not be from our side but it would be from the outside so in that case if there is action of course the reaction. tanzania has its 1st female president some yes aloha son has been stolen in after the death of president john

michael fully tanzanians are watching to see if hassan will take stronger action to stop the spread of coronavirus several european countries are resuming oxford's astra zeneca vaccinations after suspending the jobs because of safety concerns it comes after europe's drugs watchdog said on thursday that the vaccine is safe new guinea's said to close schools with strict movement to make masks mandatory after over 1000 factions hit record highs this week there are fears a nation's fragile health system is on the brink of collapse. and at least 8 protestors have been killed in myanmar during the latest rallies against the military call the army and police have used increasingly violent tactics to suppress the protest movement those are the headlines on al-jazeera as always more news on our website al-jazeera dot com inside story is next.

well vaccine passports revive tourism europe unveils a digital pass to allow 5 those protected from covert 19 to travel freely but the world health organization is against it as most people haven't been immunized so is the idea too premature this is inside story. hello and welcome to the program i'm jerome most of us haven't been able to travel for the past year because of the pandemic but with 1000 vaccines rolling out some

governments are looking to welcome taurus again for summer the european union hopes to have a digital green pass ready by june this would allow people who've been vaccinated tested negative or recovered from cope and 19 to travel more freely within the e.u. bloc countries like austria want this to be in place as early as next month but the world health organization says it's too early given the slow pace of vaccination in the e.u. dominic kane reports from berlin. almost sunny parisienne morning partly joe but walks his dog has recently been vaccinated and has the badge to prove it but he would welcome something more official. a covered 19 health pass would allow us to travel to get back a little bit of freedom by june those wishes will be a reality because the european commission plans a digital green pass which all e.u. residents would have on a smartphone proving they have either been vaccinated recently recovered from covert or had

a negative test with this digital certificate we aim to help member states reinstate the freedom of movement in a safe responsible and trusted manner but for some e.u. leaders that goes neither far nor fast enough we want to but we don't want to wait for implementation by the robber will take the 1st steps on the national level many in the tourism industry welcome the e.u. proposal as only a vaccine certificate is essential to make travel easier and it's important that it's digital because only a digital certificate makes it easier to check in at airports it's no good if there's big queues and lots of bits of paper on the flipside the world health organization is urging caution the requirement for certification of vaccination as a requirement for international travel is not justified as rexx a nation is not widely enough vailable and is in equitably distributed throughout

the world having a certificate on a smartphone is clearly going to transform the way people travel across the e.u. but in order to work as a proof of vaccination the person must 1st have been vaccinated and so far at least comparatively few europeans have been dominant claim al-jazeera. all right let's bring in our guests in athens all rick bruckner professor. surfer european studies at stanford university in berlin and london alex aviation and travel analyst and columnist at travel at gulf times and in lancaster mohammed an ear for ologist and lecturer in biomedicine at lancaster university welcome to the program well rick let me start with you today at a time when there is still no scientific consensus on the extent to which vaccinations prevent the transmission of the virus is this plan by the european commission irresponsible. i would not say it's irresponsible i think it is an

important symbolic gesture 'd by the european commission that massive. fire in the way they were communicating their role in the way they were discussing it negotiating. contracts with the different producers 'd of exene and the bottom line was you don't do what mouth if you don't do it quickly enough you know you react and i think this is a symbolic step to say no we try to go the toolbox to address everything that's front of us and this is just sort of a step but it's certainly not the ultimate solution to get out of this mohamed from your vantage point as a veralyn just at this stage in the pandemic would you say that these certificates are a good idea. well i'm home and the important thing is that about him because both of the vaccine transport most of the time it's been dispersed around a lot of just ticks and personal independence but you know really it's been

discussed of both the scientific perspective and let me explain the scientific backing behind us for the vaccines so when we talk about the perspective onto the vaccine passport they talk about 3 conditions 1st as somebody is vaccinated it's not then somebody is vaccinated we don't really have a solid data that that person would still be able to protect themselves from getting into action or transmitting the infection so it is not recertified that that person is fully protected the 2nd a condition is being to somebody is in fact i'm very covert what we do know is that the inspections are coming really common and because of the new variants particularly the brazilian value it is we infecting people and particularly in the people who have been becoming from the inspection than the vaccine it didn't turn to claim to have been put in there somebody is negative for the effort for divide it's using standard test well when somebody is tested negative it's meaningless

because after one hour you can get inspection either entering into the. airport or sitting with somebody who have had previous inspections when we look onto the scientific perspective at this stage the vaccine passport doesn't make any sense all until we have a full control on this infection and diseases and that makes situation not in the indictment situation at that point maxine passport would have a value alex from what you've heard do you believe that these certificates will actually be up and running and ready in time to salvage the european summer tourism season. well from an aviation perspective the digital health past was so known as the vaccine passport is widely considered inevitable it's something that airlines have been preparing for that stakeholders across the aviation sector have been preparing for because at a very basic level they want to be able to have this harmonize ation where they can say to firms to organizations to countries and their respective health authorities

this is the status of this individual whether or not they've been vaccinated whether they have recently tested negative or perhaps recently have recovered from covert 90 and this is how we can guarantee that information on a safe digital platform where the results perhaps not able to be manipulated in the way that they could be with false documents and we know that this is something that the industry has been preparing for for a very long time i mean why does society if we look away from aviation and travel for just one moment it's something that countries including qatar the very home of our jazeera have been using as part of that plan to be able to unlock so i think that it is inevitable and it is only natural that as this vaccine rollout at least in the rich countries begins to make good progress they are naturally looking to this next step where they can equally and fairly demonstrate to other countries this is the status of this individual and therefore can you allow them to enter

your territory alric it's been a sluggish vaccine rollout so far in the e.u. but the use goal is to vaccinate 70 percent of its adult population by the end of june i believe is that a realistic goal at this stage is that achievable. well i get i become more and more skeptical when i hear about of 2 mistakes and their heroes we heard so many years since the beginning of the pandemic that. it's although germany was performing last year pretty well we reduce you know when it comes to a look at history of you sion of sexy ins. that was introduced last year was also highlighted as a technological instrument that who make everything much easier and it simply doesn't work so announcing the true will at this time of the year and hoping to

save the tourism season for his year sounds quite ambitious hamad the world health organization has said that it has been working to create an international trusted framework for safe travel but that vaccinations should not be a condition shouldn't the e.u. be working more in tandem with the w.h.o. on these coded certificates and what kind of role ultimately from your perspective do you think the w.h.o. will play in all of this. yes absolutely i compute you know really because on. the continent will not work long with the one with the w.h.o. and also for other sectors stakeholders 5 years from forty's and it certainly is not a good number of i mean putting into the perspective we have only 10 to 15 percent of the people in the e.u. member states those out of executed and majority of them those are above 80 years old and those are the one direct travel the least so people who are more likely to

travel and not vaccinate it and having vaccine passport at this stage i don't really think that is going to help out any means or less than vaccines all of these to the point they have also majority of people in the continent or protected or actually smacks you know to perfection is something that we have not decided alex said look to me like you were nodding along to some of what mohammed was saying so i wanted to see if you want to jump in i also want to ask you from your perspective aren't there isn't the aviation industry going to have to work closely with the w.h.o. on all of this going forward so i was not doing because i was agreeing on the fact that i think what we have seen throughout this pandemic is lack of communication between states even states that belong to the same trade bloc like the european union for example we've seen this lack of harmonize ation and that's exactly what is required as we naturally look to this next phase you know i don't blame the european commission for working on assessing the viability of the digital vaccine possible because they know the importance of freedom of movement we're not just

talking about summer holidays and actually i think that they should move away from the this goal of summer holidays and look for the long term look at how we're going to navigate a future of freedom of movement and the flying that we are used to running alongside covert 19 which we know will be part of the earth for many many years to come perhaps even forever i think we need that in one side on the other side there is that quote isn't there which is that nobody is safe until everyone is. is and the digital vaccine possible potentially has a different role to play for countries like africa or for countries within africa within the continent of africa whereby many countries on the continent of africa simply not even receive the vaccines yet so of course the digital vaccine possible is perhaps of no help to them but if we were to collaborate a digital health pass with for example a very robust testing regime to be able to unlock intercontinental travel across

the continent of africa which is again vital we're not just talking about holidays and terrorism we're talking about the genuine pipes is the trouble then that's going to be important for them and not leaving those countries behind so that harmonize ation is key as we unlock through this next phase of the pandemic but of course we need to be thinking slightly more global and kind of collectively together then i think we have seen over the last 12 months is as countries of become very insular and very kind of their own fast overheard alex or talk about the need for harmonization you know when it comes to agreements going forward i mean less they've got to step further and look at that you where there's been a lot of disharmony you have european countries like greece and spain they are dependent on tourism they've been pushing for a while now for a quick introduction of these certificates but then there are other member states like france and germany are saying that it's premature to introduce these vaccination certificates since a large majority of e.u. citizens have not had access to vaccines so far how do you bridge that divide. well

it is in the very nature of the european union that is not a substitution of those or member states but of coordinating body i have no idea if and how the york and commission coordinates anything with a w t h o but it appears to me as if it is a quick shot to respond to it you don't need that sort of action of countries like austria and greece who as you rightly say much more dependent on tourism than germany for example and if they do what we have seen last year acts without coordinating with others given that we are a highly integrated economic space in which the sang and so on the free movement and where people are is an essential if this whole project then the european commission must step in and provide something even if it is not ideal and drop it

or step in a more 'd pragmatic way to deal with that mic alex if countries like germany and france can't be swayed if there is no e.u. wide solution when it comes to these certificates are we going to see countries like greece setting up bilateral agreements with other countries for vaccines are difficult it's and from your perspective how much does that complicate the situation. it's going to become very complicated if there is a lack of harmonize ation you're exactly right and that is because if there is no wider agreement for example across the e.u. and you know we could take this precedent and we could shift it elsewhere across the continent of africa across the g.c.c. in the gulf and various other regions if we have no harmonize ation make no mistake this becomes foreign policy we will see deal struck between countries whereby they are trying to tap into that tourist markets by giving them the promise that if you are vaccinated for example we are open to you and that kind of individual deal by

deal case by case nature is not something we want to see in aviation in trouble but also not something we should want to see globally because it's going to leave many countries behind i do fear however that this is probably going to be the most likely scenario for this year we've seen many countries already indicate their own policies because their economies have been battered by coded and therefore they would do all it takes to get tourism into their nations and if the digital health passed in collaboration with an airline a private company is going to push that and give them the economic recovery in the summer that they need then i think that's exactly what they're going to do. with regarding what alex just said how much does it concern you that we might see more disharmony that more countries might either set up these bilateral agreements with other countries or just go it alone when it comes to what should be on these vaccines certificates how much worse can that make the problem. well i think it

would make the whole situation more comics x.-men and we move along with this the get. an equitable distribution of this vaccine because well who to see is the countries who would have a higher percentage of the vaccine coverage they would get more benefits for example when we talk about the united kingdom here we have 35 percent of the people already vaccinated and if you need to get to the academics you could be in or want to position to get access to most of those countries for tourism for businesses for other things but the part of the problem is that we know that these we are talking about a transmission preconception that does not respect the borders and we are seeing receiving quite high percentage of the inspection and escape mutants and any of that mutant if move along with in the countries so often is going to take the whole countries at the vaccine contains onto the knee just to put into the perspective

the fence to their variant that was just going to fight here in the u.k. but they can't isolate so not last a couple of months 65 percent of the cases and frost belonging to do smear jensen is the case with many other countries within the e.u. so all of what my point is that a vaccine passport would be meaningless if we will have a strategy that is defined at least at the continent level to have a poorly notice fonts so that everybody beyond the continent is at the same level of coverage of the vaccine the same level of protection before the vaccine passport would become meaningful olrik from your perspective does the plan as it is in vision now essentially mean that it would be a minority that would be able to travel without restrictions while young people who are not seen as a priority to be vaccinated would have to continue to quarantine if they were to travel isn't that in some way discriminatory and are you concerned that this could become discriminatory. well i have spoke of an important pillar of your integration

which is the freedom of mobility and the establishment of the shang and so on and even more important is that we have human rights with individual freedoms and guarantees that if we had treated equally and if this new instrument leads to forms of discrimination it will do more harm that it actually helps to approach the time until the house the higher rates of vaccination which in my understanding is the main i've yet to come up with this tool that it buys time. alex at the moment the way that the vaccine certificates have been visioned they're just mostly to facilitate travel correct but what i mean is we don't yet know if they would help facilitate other activities within a country whether that might mean gaining access to a restaurant gaining access to a gym or other sectors in the within that country is not right it is the focus of

course is is on one of the fundamentals in terms of the impacts of the pandemic which is that for most of us as he said in the introduction we've lost that freedom of movement now even trying to discover what you need to enter a new territory a new country is extremely complicated these days it changes day by day you know i work in aviation and just trying to keep up with these developments myself is incredibly challenging so i have no idea how a member of the public is supposed to meet those ever changing guidelines the digital health policy is owed to me at least supposed to kind of cut out the confusion and fast track you to knowing your if you are eligible to enter that country now that's from an immigration point of view if you like if you meet the requirements to enter that territory but that middle part is of course the aid to be that's the trouble predominantly travel and we know that airlines themselves have been the number one user right now trying these digital health apps across the

world from british show it to singapore airlines cats are always emirates airlines like rwanda in africa and so on we have this high up take this high try usage period right now as they anticipate this next period the 3rd point i want to make is that we are looking at a reality in some parts of the out of no that see no fly quantas the national airline of australia have already combined that that is something they are writing into the terms and conditions so that you cannot book a ticket unless you agree to the fact that you will have been vaccinated before you book that. one test flight how will you prove if you've been vaccinated to contests that's where the digital house passed tons in and so you see just how kind of wide ranging how many boxes they aim to take through this hopefully simple application that most of us will probably have on athens by this time next year mohamed if these you e.u. certificates come to pass will this serve as

a model that could be used in let's say the united states and other countries will these countries be quick to try to replicate that when certainly i mean i am fully understand the sport is being well up to the vaccine past what is being proposed for the right reason and of course there are scientific challenges there are largest challenges but if it does appear to be successful in terms of opening up the economies in terms of opening up to tourism certainly other countries would be open to to adopt that but my my major concern is really also on 2 of the decline of that seem to be used to minimise the person for example if we talk about the number of acts that has you know 65 to 68 percent of protection that means still 40 percent of the people who are being vaccinated they would have a stamp lastly the certification of vaccination but they might not be protected and also when we talk about the similar to allow us to do it as a vaccine certainly there are different challenges on to have the protection is

good enough or not and i don't think that we have in the scientific community information enough that if somebody have antibodies which can be tested on the airport is protected against the inspection or not is or is the one who will not be checking divide us so all these. meters will become determinative factor for success of any complaints around the vaccine certificates and until those are not defined i don't really see that those become successful and if those are not the 1900 locked ability would use over it the idea or the issue of which vaccine has been given also you know becomes part of this conversation as well right i mean the european commission. proposed that all the vaccines approved by the european medicines agency should be recognized but if you take a country like hungry for example in february they became the 1st in the e.u. to begin using russia sputnik vi and china cinna farm vaccines what happens to european citizens who've been vaccinated with vaccines that have not been approved for use by the e.u. are they going to be allowed to get the certificate. this is still an open question

but this we are in this phase of trial failed try again failed beto and what has been the who a few months ago is now a different one and we learn on the database i think in general the european commission tries to offer a step towards more coordination but it is not a central power they don't have the right to go as far as a sovereign state and that's why they only provide a framework and leave it up to each and every member states to decide what is the consequence if someone enters the country with this document and what are the rights and privileges that comes with that they can greatly vary from another one but that makes perfect sense given the situation that we have all over the european union that is far from being coherent alex will have less than a minute left let me just ask you very quickly travelers of course are going to be concerned about their privacy the european commission guaranteed that

a very high level of data protection will be insured how will that be accomplished . this is again one of those open questions where automatically i think from an aviation perspective they believe it to be a trade off the data that you already giving and lines preplanned demick they expect it to be just a little bit more which is that health status know to be around vaccination status and tests and they believe that people the wider public will be willing to make that tradeoff with privacy concerns of course legitimate concerns if it restores something like freedom of movement and travel which of course we know has been taken from us since the pandemic started one year ago all right we've run out of times we're going to have to leave the discussion there thanks so much to all of our guests alric brooklier alex much eris and dr mohamed one here and thank you too for watching you can see this in all our previous programs again any time by visiting our website al-jazeera dot com and for further discussion go to our facebook page that's facebook dot com forward slash a.j. inside story you can also join the conversation on twitter our handle is at a.j.

inside story for me i'm a gentleman the whole team here i found out. for a goalkeeper from want is a nice home world cup was what dreams were made of. it turned into one night mat of a rest and told jim but argentina's military jumped. in the 1st of a new season footballing legend eric cantor down introduces plug your time buddy to one of the special few stood up for their beliefs whatever that cost. football read

on al-jazeera. thanks love to make plans to sufferance because behind the suffering a millions of taxpayers because most taxpayers never go away there's a new one born every single day and 90 it is an urgent national necessity that it be officially requested rationing of the support mechanism we created together because i happen to live in creeks somehow i'm a sinner i'm a bad person. that's machine on al-jazeera. the river narin flows through the coldest region of kyrgyzstan temperatures here can drop to 20 degrees below 0 at this time of year but the driving snow and bitter winter conditions on the enough to keep these men from working on the ice and in the freezing water because the river now contains gold men from villages along the

river been panning for gold in the sea area for centuries the best time of year to do it is the winter because the river is lower than your in the summer months these tiny little yellow flags you can see might not look much they were around $50.00 a gram. we want you all deserve me to hell robin in doha our top stories the 1st u.s. trying to talks under the biden ministration got off to a conference hate start americans have accused china of threatening the international order while beijing ward washington to stay out of its internal affairs are diplomatic get it james bays reports now from anchorage. this is a meeting that will shape future relations between the world's 2 biggest powers relations that are currently at a low point good afternoon.