enormous cargo ship that spent the day wedged across the suez canal or thirty's a work to release the ever given will probably continue through the night as the queue of waiting vessels grows longer the 224000 ton container ship lost control in high winds and run aground is the fastest shipping route between europe and asia accounting for 30 percent of normal daily container ship movements. the top stories are just here the e.u. could block exports of vaccines as several countries struggled to get a handle on the 3rd wave of the coronavirus european commission set to increase its power to withhold shipment after accusing the drug firm astra zeneca of failing to meet supply promises it could inflame tensions with the u.k. which is imported from but not exported to the bloc both say they need to continue

talks to create a win win situation meanwhile infection rates are rising in even the states germany's chancellor said she was to blame for u. turn over a planned easter weekend knocked down for a challenge says in louis. this is basically an attempt from both sides to try to cool the temperature a little bit i think they realize that things are good have been getting quite bitter in recent days and that something needs to be done to just calm things down a little bit so we have had a joint statement that's come from the u.k. and the e.u. i can read you a few little bits of it now we we are all facing the same pandemic and the 3rd wave makes cooperation between the e.u. and the u.k. even more important we've been discussing what more we can do to ensure a reciprocally beneficial relationship. 3 quarters of chileans will be under some of the world's strictest lockdown measures for midnight local time residents will need permission to buy food and medicine twice

a week and must stay at home at all other times it comes as the country's hospitals brace for collapse with critical care wards nearing capacity has reported more than 140000 cases and more than 22000 deaths since the pandemic began. but most of the votes counted a day off to israel's 4th election in just 2 years still no clear idea of who will end up in power prime minister benjamin netanyahu his position looks unstable with no clear path to power he would have to find a way to unite right wing parties ultra nationalists and arabs to hold on to office he did claim victory immediately after polls closed the country could be heading towards a 5th vote unusually a palestinian party the united arab list could hold the key to power with picture nation that it could support netanyahu. there's a top stories to stay with us there at the stream is up next i'll be back with more news after that i felt.

ok you know what's in the stream in today's episode we also the question all humans alone in the you know this. is a professor of science at harvard university he joins us to talk about that but to make it a subject plus his new book extraterrestrial the 1st sign of intelligent life beyond us i have been reading this book from my research i started to turn down the pages whenever i found anything interesting every other page is turned down i know you will have questions as well jump into the you tube comment section and you too

can be part of today's discussion the reasons for me to buy this book basically it's like brain candy it's like junk food for the brain because there's always this nagging question what is out there we may never know but to have these thought experiments. has always fascinated me has been to me ever since i was a child i'm very hard years old now so i'm going old fart but i still love science . it keeps the mind going and it keeps me wondering and that's where this comes into play it still keeps the wondering it doesn't have all the answers but it is food for thought well that's one way to make i guess smiled professor loaf welcome to the stream so good to see you. don't care who writes your book fall who is it. well thank you for having me i wrote the book

for the young generation who i hope will occupy the horses look at the me in the future because young people do not carry a prejudice they don't carry biases they're not a patch to their ego as much as senior people are and frankly i told the publisher that the person around the world would decide to become a saint is this after reading my book i would be satisfied it so happened that a couple of weeks ago i received an email from malawi africa from a woman that said the your book is great and contemplating becoming an astronomer after reading it and that made me satisfied already there was another one from colombia in latin america an undergraduate student who said they're reading about your work change my life there was another one from a lawyer in palo arthel who said similar things on i'm i'm quite satisfied the

fastenal i'm looking at an article that you've read why do we assume extraterrestrials might want to visit us so here's the question that a lot of people are wondering what and you want to in your book are we alone. right and that my suspicion is that we are not that in fact that thinks like us existed for billions of years because most stars formed be disappears before the sun and that the sun is that typical star and heart of the sun like stars have a planet the size of the earth roughly at the same separation so if you arrange for similar circumstances you might as well get seen our outcomes i don't think that we are special i don't think that we deserve special attention like many other people think you know when my daughters were young they were torment they thought very highly of themselves they thought that they must be you know the smartest in the

world that they are the center of the world but then when we took them to the kindergarten they realized there are smarter kids around and our civilization will be much sure once we meet others we tend to think very highly of our service you know the ancient greek philosopher are restored will suggest that we are the center of the universe and people have believed him for a 1000 years and their local pernik wisdom go you will realize that the earth moves around the sun and it still took a while before people accept that. so i think you know we are not at the center of anything and we should look out and find others and just looking hair has not his saying here is what she knew right now and he says of course there is intelligent life beyond earth how could we prove. what i am wondering though professor is our exposure to science fiction of a mental wards and how that impacts even how insane how scientists feel the idea of

extraterrestrial life what does that. right so science fiction i think plays a very important broadly in expanding our imagination as to what we might expect out there i have a problem with most of the storylines in science fiction i'm not a fan of science fiction i'm a fan of science or fiction separately but but they do value the fact that science fiction expands our our horizons the reason i don't like many of the story lines is because they violate the laws of physics very often but there. are other scientists because of that tension of the public to science fiction and to reports about an identity but flying objects and so forth they shy away from discussing this topic they say you know it said to popular 1 are it's controversial we don't want to discuss it at all and my point is simple you know if you go back to ancient history

there were people claiming that the human bore the has a soul and that we should not engage in anatomy and imagine if scientists would say all of the subject of the human body is controversial some people claim it has a source some not that we don't want to discuss it just like the response to to science fiction what would happen with modern medicine where would we be i think in fact science has an obligation to attend to a topic that is of great interest to the public and clear it up using the same effect method using equipment telescopes that we have are we the smartest kid on the block you know that's a very fundamental question christopher shop has a question for you professor have a listen have a look. i mean huge fan of fuels and i believe that you're inspiring a new generation of scientists to ask simply. curiosity

out statement from the scientific community my question relates to is saying actually may now know he was government is actively investigating it is and is taking the phenomena seriously abbi what is your opinion all this and. by the u.s. government to help them nervous to gay sions what would you respond city. yes that's an excellent question and what they think we should rely on is really the very best ecommerce and all of your sensors that we have a car hence right now rather than on or the reports from the pentagon that they're being declassified because they were not using the very best instruments and are based on partly on their eyewitness testimonies it's obvious why the u.s. government was classifying these reports because there was always the concern that

they might represent the chronology is that other nations possess and that poses and national security risk but then from the point of view of science what we would like to understand these are there are unusual phenomena but represent perhaps something else and for that purpose or we need to do is deploy the very best cameras and or your sense source in the same locations and record everything we see you know science is about reproducibility of results you have to reproduce results in order to believe them there is their own biblical story of them abraham that. heard the voice of god and the that told him to sacrifice his only son isaac and then you know if abraham had the cell phone with a voice memo up he could've pressed the button and recorded the voice of god and then we would all believe it but given the fact that he didn't have

a cell phone we have to decide whether we believe this testimony or not and i think you know it's much better to focus on how we get reliable evidence in the future rather than look at documents that were based on or the quick meant and i'm very open minded the family asked to lead a group of people that will perform same difficult spera minutes in the same locations recording the sky and looking for unusual for now. i would be very interested in checking this out you know it's just the way we do science we look for every bit as we are guided by theirs and we should not be guided by bridges i love that you talk about looking for unusual phenomena which brings me to something that was spotted in 2017 that something is on my laptop surrounded by a little blue so call professor for those of us who are new to this tell us what you're seeing what they're seeing and what your hypotheses is that this is

. yet this is an object the 1st one that was discovered near the earth that came from outside the solar system it's sort of like finding an object in your backyard that came from the streets and it may have taken a long time to get here and he saves you the triple for going to the street then figuring out what's going up there and this is the very 1st one that we not these you know our vicinity it was given the name award one because it was discovered by a periscope in hawaii and there are more and more means to sculpt in the hawaiian language and at 1st the stronger start to well it must be just like the rocks we have seen before in the solar system either a comet or an asteroid the problem was that it didn't have any cometary taters no gas or dust around it and also as it was spinning around every 8

hours its brightness changed by a factor of 10 and that implied that it has a very extreme shape most likely flapped. pancake shape so it's just like a piece of paper tumbling in the wind and then it exhibited an excess push away from the sun that can only be explained in terms of reflection of sunlight pushing it and in september 2020 we saw another object that exhibited the same kind of push by reflecting sunlight and not commentary tale of the battle ject which was called 2020 s all is actually a rocket booster that we launched in 1966 and their mission and we know that we produced that artificially the question is who produced or more more. so let me throw that question back to here because this is a vyvanse than such

a big scientific debate around you asking who purchased a moment because you are saying possibly professor fill in the blank an alien civilization of the can a logical civilization you know for the past 70 years we've been searching for of your signals and we didn't get any that's just like trying to have a conversation you need the counterpart to be alive we cannot have a phone conversation with the mayans with the mayan culture because it's not around anymore but we can find evidence that if they existed in archeological digs we can find relics that they left behind and in much the same way we can do space archaeology we can look for equipment that was sent into space just like we sent voyager one voyager to new horizons and it's floating audience space every now and then that would be a piece of equipment that we will discover in our vicinity it's just like walking on the beach and every now and then seeing

a plastic bottle among the rocks that they're naturally produced and of course the way to tell the difference between a plastic bottle and iraq in space is to send a spacecraft that we come close to it and take a close up photograph they say a picture is worth a 1000 words any in my case a picture is worth 66000 words the number of words in my book so professor is out of extreme logical right now but you started up huge storm of controversy and other scientists said well with quite a lot of determination. at salute wrong in your hypothesis let me introduce you to one of them this is captain. and the representative of the after gumbo community and myself and many others disagree with dr logs assessment of more and more as an actor terrestrial space probe the

science just isn't there yes the moon more is from interstellar space yes it has an odd shaped yesterday experience gravitational acceleration and a better science but all of these things have natural explanations collision between fine terry bodies are very common in the universe and nitrogen outgassing have been shown to be a buyable explanation for why more accelerated and the path by our science so what i think we're really looking at is just a visiting chunk of another solar system pluto. right so there were various suggestions that were more more is the natural object and the latest one among them is an nitrogen iceberg hypothesis that it's an object made of pure nitrogen and the before that there was a suggestion that it's an object made of pure hydrogen and we just can't see the cometary tape because it's transparent for hydrogen the problem is that we showed

it in the sink depict paper that it would have upper and very quickly an object of the size of a football field will not last very long and can survive the journey for nitrogen iceberg and that's their plot this is that was published just a week ago i'm currently writing a paper showing that you just can't make enough of them to explain on more and more up there would be too few but all this of magnitude compared to what you need from a population that whose members are abundant enough to explain an object like that because if you think about it they view is that it's a chunk of frozen nitrogen and that you can make on the surface of planets like brutal which are you know a small component in the solar system and so the chance of that happening is really small if you will chip off the surface of a planet like brutal and that you have enough pluto's for every star what you need

as thousands of pluto's for every star such that you have enough chunks of nitrogen to explain or warm up and there are other a porpoise is that maybe it's a cloud of dust particles that is a 100 times less then stan air the problem with that is as it gets close to the sun it would be heated by hundreds of degrees and then it would not maintain its integrity so on all of these natural explanations and faults something that we have never seen before. or and my point is simple if we invoke something that we've never seen before we must keep on the table the possibility that it's our professional in origin and the fact that this is controversial just reflects on my colleagues not on me i'm just following the standard think of it procedure where i put all possibilities on that they bill without prejudice professor i feel like i just experience what it's like to have to hear trash talk from a professor of science at harvard university there has been

a lot of controversy that continues a new theories that your work has inspired one of them in a and you just mentioned this one this is from the smithsonian magazine or they share this new theory suggesting that more and more is a not just an ice pancake we spoke to a professor of. astrophysics who actually subscribes to this now i would love for you when i when i play this to explain what he is asking and challenging you on before you reply to it because it's a little complicated have a look have a listen i've been funded by nasa for a long time to help devise strategies for looking for ilion life on exoplanets and it's by trying to understand the geochemical cycles on these planets and eliminating false positives and every astronomer i've worked with we're all confident that we're going to find evidence of alien life maybe even within our lifetimes but we know that we're going to do this by eliminating false positives in

the same it's all normal we have to eliminate all the natural explanations 1st no responsible scientist is going to look at a more and say it's only in technology if there are reasonable natural explanations like an end to a scrag minute off of the trunk of the next. yes. steven is one of the authors of the recent 2 papers that were published last week arguing that maybe or more and more is a chunk of pure nitrogen and for this scenario to work you cannot allow carbon for example to be a source she added with that the iceberg because the spitzer space telescope would be very tight limits on any carbon based morlock us in the vapor that comes came out of fear or what if it thought so there was no carbon and the claim is ok maybe it's just pure nitrogen and one environment where you find pure nitrogen

with live very little carbon is the surface of brutal if very thin veneer you know less than a percent of the mass of blue dog on the surface is made of pure nitrogen so that purports the years that you just scrape off the surface of pluto like planets around other stars you create chunks and what we are seeing is the 1st in the star object or more and more up was one of these chunks the thing that you have to keep in mind is we have never seen and nitrogen object in the solar system saw we have the so-called or cloud of you know about a 1000000000 objects larger than manhattan island in the vista in the periphery of the solar system and all thousands of those examples of objects that we softened up environment of the solar system were made off. i see roc you know the kind of

things we find on earth rocks including carbon including water on their surface in the form of ice and that's what we've seen thousands of times we've never seen and nitrogen pure nitrogen chunk and then you know so it's something that we have never seen before and we're supposed to believe that more than anything artificial in this mist artificial possibility based on that and the other thing is you know carbon and nitrogen are produced in stars by the same process and usually you know there is one example of a nitrogen rich comet that we have seen that the authors of the space are are mentioning and that one actually shows also evidence for carbon so i rest my case whenever you know typically you get carbon together with nitrogen and why would you scrape off the surfaces of pluto like objects and create the vast majority or being

the star object this way or is of special fractional being this that our object this way rather than have the majority of them being rocks like we find the source is the problem saying is we look at our backyard that we see iraq's then you tell me all in this street there are very different type of objects actually nitrogen pure and i said ok maybe you know that's a possibility but it's certainly not an appealing possibility let me show our audience this path check this galileo italian astronomer it was a physicist who was a philosopher as well going up against the church the church was furious at his idea of what our solar system looked like he was right they were wrong you mentioned in your book a year modern day galileo. well that's a good question and you know it really is the bends in the response of the community i am just just like busted ballplayers keep my eyes on the ball not on

the audience i don't care how many likes a head on twitter and what the response of you know the personal attacks that people. launch at me that really is irrelevant because we have we have to look at the evidence and if it looks on normal laws and the arc of the show origin appears to be more likely than things that we've never seen before then i advocate for that once we get more evidence i basically say let's take a photograph of the next object that would be looking us we are someone what we would learn something new or no matter what because even the natural origin ideas like the one we just heard about the nitrogen iceberg even they talk about something that we've never seen before so there must be factories of objects that we've never seen before let's figure them out by getting more evidence that's my advocacy and the only reason we would not get that evidence is if you listen to

those people that say you know it's always rocks it's never illions to me they remind me of a cave men that plays with rocks all of his life and then present it with a cell phone and arguing a certain one must be just the shiny half f.s.a. you have just insulted so many of your peers and colleagues i am enjoying this immensely sound when our new chief says remaining skeptical is so important which says if we know the truth about aliens it will change everything that we fly and one more thought here and that is the idea of from 70 he says what should we expect from the future while at church a restaurant life ever come to feel some of us here on our us thought thought is a very quick thought professor because we have right now end of the show and i'm going to give you one minute go ahead it's very important it's a very important question and that. affair me if that was. where he's everybody you know i think it's presumptuous us to expect them to visit us we should go out and

search for them we are not that significant we're not that important it reminds me of the friends of my wife when i met her they were waiting for prince charming on a white horse to come and make their marriage proposal and it never happened we should expect that you know others to appreciate us we should go out and search and you know frankly we are born into this world like actors put on the stage we felt the script the 1st thing to check is other other actors around it we ask them what the plays about thank you so much professor. extraterrestrial the says side of intelligent life beyond earth and that book string the controversial enjoying digging into that i mean come to conclusions but. thank you for being on this i really enjoyed your company signing off see you next time thanks for watching everybody take.

april on i will just see you so much the way to the back scene roll on we'll bring you the latest developments from around the world a year into the coronavirus condiment 100 skeins real behind the scenes access into the secretive world to. any soon. good president interested be secure a 6th time in power join us on april 11th for the chat election. the award winning

our choice returns the stories of those striving to be juicer negative impact on the planet has president joe biden kept his campaign promises we'll have special coverage and in-depth analysis of his 1st $100.00 days in the oval office april on al-jazeera. a footballer adult and a pioneer 1st ball but he lost the chance to play for his country but one a legal battle that paved the way for a generation of brazilian players footballing legend eric cantona introduces a fun scene of penalized by his club for his political beliefs he took power into his own hands and blazed the trail for players rights football rivals on algis eve in russia makes national i didn't just pull. it to bring the fame

fortune and how i thought the next one when he investigates on al-jazeera. play an important role. ringback. eleanor and taylor in london the top stories on our zerah the e.u. could block exports of vaccines as several countries struggle to get a handle on the 3rd wave of the coronavirus the european commission is set to increase its power to withhold shipments after accusing the drug firm astra zeneca of failing to meet supply promises it could inflame tensions with the u.k. which has imported from but not exported to the block both say they need to continue talks to create a win win situation.