about 9 minutes and 29 seconds referencing the amount of time that the prosecutor had said would be significant for the jury as it relates to george floyd's final moments and the prosecutor meanwhile jerry blackwell who spoke earlier on in his opening statement said that the most important numbers in this case would be 9 to 9 that's 9 minutes and 29 seconds of derrick show veneering on george floyd's neck he also accused of and if using excessive and unreasonable force and of course central to the prosecution's case is that video that was played out in the courtroom where floyd is heard to say i can't breathe. let's bring in john hendren he's joining us from just outside the courthouse in minneapolis where all of this is taking place john so for anyone just catching up with this case and what's going on inside that courtroom just talk us through the main points that both sides have not put forward . that's right each side has outlined

essentially what they're going to offer the prosecution said they going to bring a number of medical experts those experts are going to tie george floyd's death with derek chauvinism on his neck saying that ultimately while the coroner's report said that his heart stopped and that was the cause of death they're going to say that the heart stopped because his breathing stopped in his breathing stopped because derek chauvelin was kneeling on his neck they said they were going to point out that a lot of people had told the officer that george floyd was apparently in duress he was crying out repeatedly and they're going to talk about what the paramedics found when he took his pulse there on the other side the defense made it clear that what they're going to say is that george floyd was in bad shape he had a bad heart he was on drugs and he had covert 19 and that all of those things

contributed to his death now the important thing to remember here is that in order to prove this case they don't have to prove the prosecution that is doesn't have to prove that derek shogun 'd was 100 percent responsible for the death of george floyd there could be other factors but they do have to show that it was a substantial contributor and that it was justified and that is part of that murder 3 the 3rd degree murder case in that instance he has to be acting with to pray ved indifference to the life of the person under his control so we're going to hear from a lot of medical x. . it's we're going to hear from experts on police techniques and you heard also that there were some differences as to whether that was appropriate kneeling on the subjects neck that the prosecution essentially said there was no reason to do that that george floyd wasn't really resisting he was simply claustrophobic and didn't want to get in the police car and that there was no justification for

a police technique that would mean that would involve kneeling on someone's neck for an extended period of time they said only temporarily should you ever keep someone prone and only long enough to get their control well the defense is going to argue that he did struggle but you can see from a distant camera view that the police car shook as according to the defense view george floyd and a police officer struggled with one another and they're using that to suggest that there was justification for holding him down but you heard that very disturbing video you heard people crying out urging the officers to get off of him there were not just one officer wasn't just eric show and there were 3 of them are out of the view of that video and so one of the things that the defense has to overcome is that lengthy period of time of roughly 9 minutes when the officer was kneeling on george floyd's neck and then his lifeless body is carried away literally on

a stretcher all of those things are going to contribute to this case where we have a witness list that number is nearly 400 people it's important no that doesn't mean they're going to call $400.00 people what it means is that that is the whole universe of people from which they could draw each side plans to take about 2 weeks to argue their case 1st the prosecution then the defense and what the defense is trying to prove here is reasonable doubt that there is good reason to believe that perhaps derek children did not violate the law did not kill george floyd unjustifiably. and so it's really going to come down to the cause of death and whether chauvin was justified in using those police techniques yet john and just talk us through the 3 charges against chauvin and why there are 3.

that's right there are 3 of them because it gives the prosecution 3 opportunities to convict derek chauvet so they are they can they can get him on any one or a combination of those charges of 2nd degree murder woods would mean that he is as something george floyd. and that ultimately led to his death the 3rd degree murder charge there is a lot of debate as to whether that was even usable because generally 3rd degree murder here in the state of minnesota means that you are in danger in people but not a specific person in other words if you were shooting into a building where there were people or if you were a drug dealer who was distributing drugs to people and therefore endangering their lives but not targeting a specific individual well that went up to a higher court and that court decided yes that does apply to this case you can endanger an individual by acting with depravity that is with disregard for their life and then there is the lesser charge of manslaughter none of these require

intent it is all involuntary that is is being alleged in this case the prosecution isn't trying to prove that derek jovan that day said he was going to murder george floyd and did so what they're saying is that his acts led to the murder of george floyd led to the death of george floyd and that that was a homicide and it's important to note that even in the medical examiner's report. the death is listed as a homicide that is death at the hands of another person now the floyd family hired their own coroner they may introduce evidence the prosecutors that is that goes into that report that report is more direct it says that george floyd died due to its fixation the knee on the neck was itself the cause of death so. all of those charges give the give the prosecution an opportunity to convict derek show of an and at the higher end of that he could get up to 40 years in prison if he's

only convicted of manslaughter it could be a handful of years and being a police officer without a history of arrests he's likely to get a lower end of that but one of the things that is going to come into this trial is his own disciplinary history his own history of people alleging that he has used excessive force which he has been alleged to have used a number of times by people who complained to the police department and we are told the prosecution is also going to introduce one other case in which chauvelin is said to help save somebody's life are they going to do that in order to demonstrate that he knew the difference between life saving techniques and life threatening techniques and the argument from the prosecution here is that he threatened george floyd's life he did so with indifference and that led to george floyd's death and for that they say he should go to prison ok john thank you so much we'll cross back to you a little later on john giving us an update from minneapolis where the trial has now commenced let's speak to ronald solomon who's

a professor of law and the director of criminal justice institute at harvard law school he's joining us from newton that's in massachusetts thanks very much for speaking to us on al-jazeera so we understand that the court is now taking 20 minute break in and the 1st day of the trial of derek chauvin from what you heard from the prosecution's case let's talk about the prosecution 1st what do you make of the essence of the strategy that they're going to be putting forward. i thought the prosecution did an excellent job and their strategy clearly is to show that within this 9 minute and 29 2nd frame dear children had decisions to make at some point within that time frame he could have removed his knee so it's very important he said that we're going to hear information about use of force in the prosecutor would want to say that the regulations say that the use of force has to be evaluated quote from moment to moment so even if some degree of

force was justified in minute one or minute 2 or minute 3 it's going to be very difficult from the prosecution's perspective for the defense to justify a minute 456789 that's a long time so you'll hear police experts talk about a force continuum that is the say you use force not like a light switch turn it on and off but along a continuum more like a garden hose you can you can modulator the force in here or there sutro theme is that at some point at some point children clearly use excessive force and that excessive force led to the death of george floyd and what do you make of the prosecution playing out that video that 9 minutes 29 seconds about 25 minutes into the opening statements. i thought it was powerful so after

the prosecutor head made the claim orally and see it that look you have to look at this 9 minutes and 29 seconds and at some point you could have made a decision i thought it was powerful to see officer charged and with his knee on his neck in the lifeless body and there it is now on the screen the lifeless body of george freud. one of the charges has to do with indifference that is that an individual perceives a risk. not withstanding knowing that there is a risk of death continues anyway right that it's that that's the legal standard for one of the homicide charges a picture's worth a 1000 words ray and what you see is someone who looks in different on top of

a dead body and it was just eerie watching the defense's attorney eric nelson is saying that they will argue that chauvin did quote exactly what he had been trained to do as a police officer he also said the use of force is not attractive but it is a necessary component of policing what stood out for you from the defense's argument. so a couple things the 1st thing that stood out is that the defense opened with reasonable doubt and there is a massive debate among defense attorneys as to whether one should do that very many and i fall into this category will open their opening remarks with my client is innocent he did not illegally cause the death of and go from there and there was no claims of innocence so it opened up that this is a reasonable doubt case so he's he's casting his lot to the jury believing that

they can't do it a that the government cannot prove the case beyond a reasonable doubt his theme here is commonsense in reason common sense and reason so that's eric nelson see he kept coming back to that common sense in reason so what he wants to say is that. the former officer children used his police training that the force was necessary given the threat and he used the size and the relative size between himself and george brewer it as a further justification to use force he also argued that that mr floyd appeared to be under the influence of drugs and that further justified the use of force what was absent though is why that same use of force was required

for all 9 minutes and i really thought that mr nelson would say something about that because that's going to be really the central claim here so so they're going on a reasonable doubt theory common sense and reason. but if i may there was just one aspect of the opening statement. that sort of made behavior on the back of my neck stand up in. this is you have to be very careful here. he came very close to making the freakishly strong black man argument that has been used a lot in courts around the country that the officers fear was justified because we had this big hawkish monstrous brutish black man that that in such that the officers had a reasonable fear their acts and this crime it has to be very careful here what the

prosecution is going to show is that children was not alone that george boyd was unarmed that there were 3 other officers on the scene and that the claim that this one person poles that much of a threat to justify the use of force continuously for nearly 2 minutes is a horrid crime to make i think so the protests to be very careful there ok thank you so much will be crossing back to you thanks ronald sullivan for speaking to us from massachusetts. thank you. for move to other news now in the container set that's blocked the suez canal for nearly a week is moving again the 400 meter long ever given had been weds across the canal since tuesday the blockade has disrupted the global supply chains and hundreds of

cargo ships and oil tankers have been delayed alexy o'brien reports. finally on the move the ever given being told to down the so was canal after being stuck for almost a week. the celebrations began before dawn as the mess of container ship was 1st partially refloated the. a despite an international rescue effort the vessel had been waged across the waterway which is one of the busiest in the world. since tuesday dredges and diggers have removed thousands of cubic meters of sand from underneath the ship and a flotilla of tugboats has worked on dislodging it it's forced tankers and cargo ships to queue at either end of the canal delaying global trade each day that passes is about $7.00 to $8000000000.00 worth of goods which would usually pass

through the canal so a week later you're talking $4550000000000.00 of delays really much of the thing we will catch up on some of that but there will be ongoing place it's hard to put a figure on it and of course some carcass may perish because they were time critical there will be no doubt some big insurance claims going in the crisis is having an impact on syria the authorities a ration in fuel supplies from iran a stock some vessels are carrying livestock cotton from india for clothes and auto parts from china. well i got 20 confines on board and the cargo ranging from one suit starts. very concerned not only get the goods on she wants you to write and 8 except this good friday and i can't really see arriving at least not maybe 4 days experts say the blockage raises long term questions about the canal sustainability

i think what's happened is that container carriers have got larger quite rapidly and so i think this particular accident was really waiting to happen is going to be a lot of head scratching and thinking not only about making supply chains more resilient but i'm sure the series can our authorities having a good heart think as well about how to make the the canal itself more about despite the progress the salvage company warns there are still challenges and even with the given underway canal thora he say it will take days for the backlog to klia brian al-jazeera police in indonesia have discovered explosives related to sunday's suicide attack on a cathedral in the city of macassar our officers conducted raids in several locations including the home of the bombers 19 people were injured in the blast just colossal 10 has more from jakarta. we know now that the 2 bombers were in fact

a married couple who only been married for 6 months before they carried out this attack on a cathedral in the city of mecca we also know that these 2 individuals belonged to the local chapter of a militant organization known as j 80. dollars love that is a militant organization in indonesia that has a violent history of targeting churches and also police stations it's the same organization that was responsible for the church bombings in the philippines in 2019 and also church bombings in sort of buying into misa in $28.00 this is an organization which has launched these small scale attacks and the style of yesterday's attack in terms of involving 2 spouses is quite characteristic of this organization now in terms of the security landscape in engine asia the situation has really changed and these type of bombings did not happen at the same sort of

frequency that they did 15 or just 10 years ago but this organization as a result of the pressure from security forces has resorted to these small scale attacks and often wholly planned attacks if the intention of the bombers was to cause a huge amount of damage and a high number of casualties. still had on al-jazeera. we'll take you back live we'll move away from the break and go back to the trial of jovan it is the 1st day. back into the courtroom they have come back from break i believe we will listen and. who are for. truth. you give us your full name each of you the. right person is. an 8

medal of leave each lasting miscarry as c. is a jury you are. the supreme and you want the witnesses to be their mascot which as we. begin here if you don't mind. thank you mr. can you tell the jersey what your occupations i have a 1000000 and less than one dispatcher and so who is your employer city of minneapolis and how long have you been doing that almost 7 years. can you tell the jurors you know what kind of training goes into being a dispatcher. a lot of training we go through close to 2 years of training starting with call taking where citizens are calling 911 with their emergency is. also will see into not emergencies and how we can direct those. who have been there and

work with police the fire sending them their calls and prior to signals and also what the police officers on their off duty is and and more and so much children so there's not because there's about 4 different positions that we work i mean you should start 1st with you know what all is involved in your job for the dispatcher or the kinds of things you do specifically other prioritize and send them out to the police officers or the firefighters to handle and you also for instance have to answer. well provide information oh yes and. is this just for police calls or for calls and what kind of calls are we have 2 different dispatches so we have police dispatchers who will take the calls from enron and the information and give it or give it out to the officers over the radio and we have fire dispatchers who and then do that specifically for the fire

department so we're kind of 4 different aspects to your job right correct what you just described 1st one to us for the 1st 1900 call taking again where the citizens would call and giving their emergencies we help with prioritizing those or getting them to. not emergencies lines we then have fire dispatch where those dispatchers specific resigned over fire regs to fires or medical runs channels that they would view where the logging or off duty officers. children boards or and it's called that information channel because it it is a lot of information questions happen and that our police dispatcher where we take those calls from a line and then send them out to the officers they stuff a priority so a lot of people think of it just matters if you call from somebody and then just

calling a police officer or a single going to call them more to it than that a lot more to it. and when you're working at typical shift. well describe for the jurors. what's around you what's your office look like when you're in a stretch my off base our center is currently located in a base that we could have walls similar to like they scuppered with car bed it's a large center you have all the call takers together similar to how the jurors are saying but you'll have. 5 to 6 different screens around you. and then in another room you have your fire dispatchers to give them some. sirens so they can work around that and be on the radio and listen to the firefighters across the room you will have our channel 7 that is closely located to our dispatch

group which is approximately 4 people. that are giving out all the calls to the officers so you see the fire just better somewhere different why is. it just the layout of our center. and police dispatch is also on the across the room away from the call takers it gives them the ability to be allowed or if they need to if someone tired of hearing or anything like that the chatter also gets with everybody together gets pretty loud so we have our own different areas for the ability to be on the radio without all of the background noise so any particular show if there are some people taking calls some people dispatch calls correct we are not doing the same i am not taking the 911 call and then dispatching it was that. minneapolis is very busy we have dedicated. 91 call takers at that time.

we wouldn't be able to do it all at the same time and then fire dispatchers they're on fire for a particular call correct. now you mention having 5 or 6 screens front of one or all those screens about those screens have different resources on them one of my screens is a telephone that has hundreds of numbers in it. that i can use to call whoever i need to for any given reason. i also then have a city computer that i can utilize if i need to find an address because someone may not know what i can use google or any other resources they need from the internet and then have a radio screen that has all of our radio channels on it along with the other. public answering points so we can listen to their chatter in case something is coming into minneapolis then we need to be aware of and then i have 3 screens dedicated to all the calls that are coming in the calls that are excited to police

or fire and i'll tell me all of the units they have available or who is cited for different things. it sounds like a lot of information it is a lot of information i wanted to make you know become a master record of every day is a learning name i can tell you that i can learn something new that i didn't know yesterday. to be completely comfortable with police especially it took me about 3 years to get comfortable there. and as part of your training for that job did you have to learn about how the city of minneapolis police department divides up the city for coverage yes that's all geography for us based off of the precincts in and then how the precincts break down into different sectors and can you describe for the jurors that and by police coverage and talking about how officers are

assigned correct corners and so how is the city of minneapolis divided up for police coverage there are 5 different precincts and minneapolis 135. within those preceding they all have different sectors those sectors are given to the officers they have specific sectors that they belong to a and b. the stuff of the geography of the call he would assign a certain unit to a different call or to that call and if you don't have a unit to cover that area then you would have to taking it from a different sector to cover that leaving the sector they came from available so can you describe villagers and state for example the 3rd precinct to remove your 3rd precinct. and. scovel gers generally one 3rd precinct is the 3rd precinct is has 4 sectors and it. the 1st one being $310.00

that is the top of the precinct to go down to lake st and then the middle would be $320.00 and the lower half being $330.00 the east side being 340 and so would generally an area of minneapolis or talk. further 3rd reasonably good south minneapolis east of 35 w. . and when you use these terms like 31320 what does it really referring to they refer to their sectors to correspond with the call signs that they use and so in a typical shift how many officers would be assigned sector typically you have one per sector and then you have a sector slide very precinct wide slide that would be assigned to the whole received. and so one officers are assigned to that sector they're known by that sector number not their names or their badge number like that correct so

we're just badgering you just matched up 320 because there are 320 correct. and. and so if you just batch a call that such a car is not available what's the process there you move to that 360 number it is a pretty scene why slide if there is not want to be able then you move to the most closest of bailable slide so somebody has to go out of their sector response correct and. what's a priority call a priority call is the incident where someone calls they'd within 10 minutes of the situation happening or there's the suspect that is still on scene. so what's the significance of coming out of her call for in terms of dispatch this is going against it we would like to get someone there is it possible it's no longer. it

falls still into the what is it is it still happening there's possibility of the person still being on scene it's not a report call that they would go cold not cold to. and so described force than what core to means is fire hammer same code too would be not using lights and sirens they're going without those so it makes sense for a colony priority if you've got a suspect still there want to get officer there or correct and so call into from your training and experience proceeding without lights and sirens or other codes that are used as part of the dispatch process we process we have called for which i'd be seen save if we're working with other agencies such as the air.