can't access the museum's vault to see the engine text but must instead of visit the nearby manuscript house here the laborously search for available titles scribbled on index cards are then we drew up for us in any case or news there's no electronic index when a researcher comes here with a manuscript title last time to search in these boxes or in the index book and these indices don't contain all the manuscripts it can then take weeks before they receive copies of the text which they must pay for but museum employees complain little of that money is invested back into the maintenance of the manuscript to preserve iraq's rich heritage seem awful to al-jazeera but that. this is al-jazeera these are your top stories more people in india have tested positive for covert 19 in a single day than any other countries and start of the pandemic 400000 new cases

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tension is increasing in chad after the death of his president and gas the enter a military council is growing and there are more protests and threats from armed rebel groups so the stability at risk in this north central african state this is inside story. hello welcome to the program. tensions have been high in charge since the sudden

death of president idriss deby nearly 2 weeks ago all the impoverished desert country for 3 decades but was killed while visiting troops fighting rebels very son was immediately announced as his successor and a military council set up that moves rejected by the opposition that condemns the army's takeover as a coup and it's since led to more division at least 8 people were killed between protesters and security forces earlier this week civil society groups in charge are calling for more protests to demand a return to civilian rule some demonstrators say they want to choose their leader freely while others accuse fronts of backing the military council against the will of the people i met idriess has the latest from the capital in germany. since the death of president idriss deby they have been attacked by both boko haram and rebels in the north of the country they've also been demonstrations here in the

capital and elsewhere in chad that was violently put down by the security forces resulting in at least a debt france which earlier supported the military takeover for the purpose of continued he was called to condemn the repression or the violent crackdown by the security forces now says general mohamed soup from his father is loved the cabinet he inherited largely intact the parliament which was suspended along with a constitution is also back in session whether or not these moves are enough to placate activists and the opposition as well as international partners of child forth to allow the transition process to continue remains to be seen the next few months will be critical now there are real concerns that child which has contributed always contributing thousands of troops to regional peacekeeping operations or fight against i'm groups in this island elected region may be forced to withdraw some of these troops to bring them home if the security situation continues to deteriorate to bolster security at home in france really wants to see

this government in place to allow for continuously to father secure these areas it feels that if a child reaches you or remove some of its troops in these areas then a lot of countries in the region most of them francophone countries will be exposed to volunteer tax by these groups will speak to our panel shortly but 1st let's take a closer look at how unrest in chad could affect the region. the country lies in a strategic position across the south and besides the horn of africa militarily is probably the strongest of the g 5 joint force countries to the east is sudan where there's long term instability particularly in darfur that's a conflict debbie was accused of stoking through support for some of tribesman there is also instability in the south in the central african republic one source of nearly half a 1000000 refugees who are living in to the west there is

a nigeria countries facing armed groups like and to the north of char there's been a decade of instability in libya the rebel group front for change and concord in chad operates across the border this is the front line where it is debbie was fatally wounded. 4 more this joined by our guest in obvious way to go geo political and security analyst for a free political africa security a think tank a robot no for our board executive director of the nordic center for conflict transformation in london nathaniel powell associate researcher at lancaster university and author of france's wars in chad military intervention and decolonisation in africa warm welcome to your week way the this is a critical moment for charter this is

a moment where people were looking forward to see some sense of wisdom prevailing particularly comes from the ruling council now the military council what happened was totally the opposite and a clamp down on the protestors could this be an indication that they are not willing to to make any compromise in the future. first of all i think we're through god know that it's the continuity of the day of distracted when i made the mistrusted legacy of the father by the exactly how if either. of praise it gives is rule and the continuation now the son. is already showing the same saint because the here as he has already appointed himself i would support of the military as a ground of the transition a process so i think it fought for him is says this need these opposition. and their supporters questioning what it's time to do that he said so without or

not he would keep it attempted or be more my liebert to do a chin changes or be more strong strong handed would depend on that international pressure double very very key is shipping these new military council no for do you think that there will be cared about in international pressure in the near future when. much of the statements that we've seen so far from the french from the african you have not really been that strong when it comes to the interim council exactly where the chant is known as being a country with a history of many many coups and uprisings of the populations and when we see for example the way france and present my card came during the funeral basically a war we are not the place for. it restating madmen it. shows

actually that is something behind it and the idea behind it is to support the status got that exists in the country from a security perspective however this comes against the people of the web. looking for more democratic. and changes in terms of human rights and we know that he himself came. to replace that form of the gator which is. it's an outbreak we do hope that a change toward democratic situation will occur what we have seen we have seen women and men in the streets protesting against the way the transition has been made with the announcement of the military council that power which shipped to the sound too if you're whining to people doing the elections which went on the news from where they were hoping for some kind of

change which need don't see out of ok nathaniel i don't think that that the african union was strong i don't think france was strong unfortunately they're supporting that supporting something that completely goes against the constitution of chad ok which normally should be in power if the president of noticed later the family nathaniel how do you see this particular characterization coming from many western countries they african union itself following the death of. this is someone who has been pivotal in the fight against armed groups there's a sense that a continuation is good for chad good for the region nobody seems to care about the people have been oppressed for decades. that's a very fair general and fair assessment so the view from paris and to a lesser extent the united states but also i should say from regional capitals as well also in mali. but also in nigeria is that

whatever whatever need aspect the transition may have on the you live sort of every day champions and on the democratic prospects for the future of chad what is most important for outside intervenors and particularly france is the kind of stability that chad and its military are supposed to. provide for the region in the form of championships that fight alongside the french and. the 5 star health forces in mali and asia in between of us so i guess you notice groups and also their contribution to nigeria's weighed against book of around and cameron has various books around and really cherish and so from the perspective of outside interveners there are far less concerned about the prospects for democracy in chad than they are for the contributions of debbie's regime and its successor to regional security policy i think way now against the backdrop of the uncertainty and the deadlock in the opposition and civil society leaders have stepped in and the other ones who are the

forefront or the fight against the enter military council what they achieve we are listed. funny perfect our standpoint reminded people in the pressure from we didn't chat the more likely the new chicken so we stick to the 18 months transitional period because once once mama senses the lack of momentum if he has any in spirit or any united in that to extend the transition appeared he will because it all depends on the internet pressure because i want to people accept and feel ok this is business as usual ledgers go about our normal 8 then there will be no internet not pretty but it is international pressure that creates the. needs the da curious to shoot on for and here is heavy handed response from the military council and the head behind

a response course course is more international pressure so we have to know how it is very important that people in chad civil society the opposition leaders continue to protest and call for you know the return to democratic democracy and real democracy dissent not the one under it is there because we didn't do more to do that the more people in the international community would know that everything is not walking chad and then if the government if the military government does respond in this heavy handed manner that create that we lose political capital we lose it up and this is really the promote the course point on the militants are to continue beyond this look at it it wants no filed there's a sense of deja vu here because there mr counsel says it's going to stay for 18 months 12 to 18 months and there's going to step aside but this debbie himself when he came to buy 9090 he said exactly the same 10 set thing and they said is not

going to run for any other term just for him to stay in power for 30 years exactly that's a decision. and what we have seen when people went out on the streets they they know that they felt that this is another risk that the probably going to go or another 30 years the same way they went through before we'll get. the it's going to be the same think that is why they're taking a risk and the tichenor is to go out in the streets who are to protest against the military and the rules knowing that. before in 2008 it was a similar think people went out of the streets and there was that massive crackdown against the populations in chat this is a devil and the main thing that you know the military has to understand and the international community support in. the start is go. ahead that and that and the state military is supported from the base not from the top and this is becoming

even more concerning no wonder your modest up around the terrorist groups and how they functions explicitly in africa they use what i call the marriage of convenience and they infiltrate within it within rebels and insurgents inside each country and there and you know the support support there and don't have names and they use terrorist attacks or what is happening so what is very important to note that there are chad and they're coming down from libya are now coming inside the country so it's very concerning ok nathaniel this seems to be a standard african dilemma in a way or another vibrant opposition people who are desperate for a genuine change whether they are maneuvered outnumbers by a political elite which has cash weapons affiliations and the backing of the international community ultimately they are the ones who will prevail. that's

a potential fears potential outcome and i get i don't think it's an african phenomenon i think it's something that occurs throughout the planet where you have major global powers global sense is often united states but in much of africa often it's france that supports a political status quo on the assumption that this will benefit regional stability which is a much higher political priority for international tribunal is then domestic kind of democratic governance and what is often the case and historically has been the case is that authoritarian forms of government supported by the outside end up generating the kinds of instability that this kind of support was meant to stop in the 1st place so i think you're seeing this potential in chad right now france back to be for 30 years and they don't have a plan b. in case things go south and that is very potentially what could happen of it where this is the biggest problem with the opposition in chad they have never been able to get their act together choose a name that could rally all the people behind him could they replicate the same disaster this time when they have the sympathy of the international community

however so far there is no alternative to mohammed disturbing. just to just to even the point from i speak out just making the 10 with with the opposition on the then i'm a cinch in charge at that we're afghanistan yes we are listening the french explanation is studied it's not a study that says this is part of a broader do political game france that is playing in the. libya all all of what west africa well look we're looking at france continuation of this clooney influence on that prestige that's why continues to pour see you in a very same group over the leadership of all of these african countries were simply at the scene in mali asking for less french influence of idea lives the same thing with all across and even even in in chad if you have some way to protest that they

were interviewed they were also meant calling out the name of front so france africa is something that goes beyond stability we're looking at reap political and jewish control and even decision in libya is not is not disputed from the it was happening in chad to the to be very naive for anyone to think that france's insistence on continuity is only bus stop beat no it's not it's a it's an extension of the way it wants to run and see the west africa but going back to your question on the opposition the opposition physis really put diplomatic challenges on difficulties because you have the african union. commission's chairman. is from chad and he was the former prime minister and ages there be you disloyal response from defra going only condemning the digital over you it's how it has been carried into that relationship because

definitely very very cautious because of the death of that ship. and then you haven't ridden our countries you know we're looking at named you are coming through need new jersey they are cautious us we're so the problem with your position which i did i did like international support ok to the fuck man do i would not stand up to my mother. did this is. because it knows that if you support for troops milo would not because. i see your point from child. thinking so that the problem that was on 5th what is interesting about diplomatic what is interesting this time no file is we have 2 very young leaders with the potential to shape the future of chad mohammad this debbie who is now the leader of the military junta and at the same time you have 6 a muslim who is

a young vibrant opposition figure who can electrify the people and has mass message seems to resonate among many many charge against who do you think will be the key player in deciding who should take over internal or foreign diplomacy. of course in terms of foreign diplomacy the one with artists got to continue which favors the hammer it is but in terms of the restatement it's easy and the real support that the chance would have there would look for the head of the rebels and protest services to back them up because he brings hope it brings hope of change in turns not only on the political aspect of your political aspect but especially in terms of this is the economy situation of people we don't have to forget that in chad you know there are were discovered in the south and it's very

small and flowing through come iran and it's very small portion or negotiate nobody that benefits from that in get eyes of the young people and a new generation in chad daily what resonates with don't it's not the ability by. the other panelists mention it but also in terms of change genuine change what he did this is give that an opportunity that in chat you have an african african solution to broken awfully nathaniel at the same time there is another key player whose life has always been shrouded in secrecy and missing her mad mad alley the leader of the rebel group fact we know that has been in exile since the sixty's and sixty's he joined the socialist movement in france than and he murdered now in the dust of the desert of northern chad to become the man who potentially could take

over in germany do you see him someone who could run into china years behind him. so it's unclear what kind of popular support base he actually has so his movement the fact has some constituency more than shared among among some of the 2 people more than chad but the extent to which it's popular and strongly support is an open question. movement's initial goal which was to overthrow debbie was certainly probably supported in its you know in its generality by by many many chatty and but movements communiques have always been kind of very good terms with the action of the looking to achieve so it's unclear whether he would have actually been any different or would be any different than debbie in terms the ways will change is a long history of rebels that take power using language of democratization and revolution and end up kind of governing the way the predecessors have and this is exactly what is sad about africa in particular the same case of in a way which is the case we're talking about muhammad ali who comes from the gutter

and try. is now seen as the enemy number one of $100.00. comes from the zahara and we seem to be neglecting other minorities like there are in a way or another a key component of the child. community but will have to have been for more than 4 decades sidelined by the mainstream political establishment. yes that that's that's there's a problem with we see in the news is societies with little of that city at them and of ethnicity but we beauty of democracies true democrats and democrats in spirit and practice will always have a message in that everybody would can identify with that is beyond ethnic or real or religious divides and be good to the point of the rest because the it wouldn't be rebels when you walk on rivers rebellion you really want to start because it's

setting brave young sisters and it does give us our news be there are certain identities that exclude others in this it too issue and what mohamed i mean the way you look at them young very bluntly that that is not looking for air power too far that is an ethnic. identity then you have someone that can really. lead into a more democratic and a more for progressive country because many of the circus or security issues that ages there because prison for hunting was caused by the lack of poor governance and you know development in the country in the 1st place ok when we talk about getting political development we have to look at real people who favor democracy or what in practice not just in words money no for very briefly if you don't mind what does this leave france the country which has put all its political weight behind that is that he and now his son and the hermit that he. yeah i mean what's happening

in chad you know there is there is a need to be work at the base of the societies the way we are looking at it now from let's respect it if you try to address the crisis address in a crisis and it's our standing will or for bring in normalcy in anything else shouldn't the french be concerned of this particular moment because they might just be seem as the pitch awaiting the agony of the africans yes clearly a risk they could say you can observe is not to call to a kind of broader political liberalization or are this a 1000000000 ization of religion but i think the french have to french from their perspective are weighing the risks of the kind of resentment that generates with their broader security aims which it which democratization is certainly low down the list of priorities. apparently this is one of the unfortunate things about politics which is we have to wait for what the others have to say and decide when

a nation is desperate to turn a chapter and start a one of the world in a moment of prosperity and stability of a quake where go no further borden if areal power thank you for your insight thank you to for watching you can see the program again any time by visiting our website at c.n.n. dot com for further discussion go to our facebook page that's facebook dot com for west slash a.j. and sites or you can also join the conversation on twitter our handle is at a.j. inside story on the hash and i have a hand the entire team here in doha i don't know.

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