extend a show of anger over the role of france in chubby in politics. debbie's death in april, entered his 1st year rule and found a crisis in the central african country. china has released the 1st images from it's a long motion rover. these pictures show the cross on mars's vast utopia pants tear flat lands. the cross touched down on the red planet last weekend. china is the 2nd country after the u. s. to mount a successful rover landing on mos. ah, this is al jazeera, these help stories, israeli fighter jets and tanks are continuing to pounds 10 days in the fighting. despite global cause for the far israel can take a prime minister, benjamin netanyahu has refused to set the timeframe to end the hostilities. so far,

227 people have been killed in gaza and more israeli cities have come on the 5 from how much this rockets, some of them landed in housing, some damage. 12 people in israel have been killed in attacks by groups and gaza since conflicts began last week. rockets were also fired from southern lebanon near the city of t ray to us northern israel. sirens went off in lower galilee and crayon. people within scrambling to cover in haifa, the israeli security forces say it's hitting a number of targets in lebanon with artillery shells. us president joe biden has told israel's prime minister that he expects a significant escalation in the offensive own gaza immediately. that cause been neglected by benjamin netanyahu, whose vowing to continue the military operation. me about from now ball mcdavia.

with every passing day, we are striking at more of the terrorist organizations capabilities. targeting more senior commodities, toppling more terrorist buildings and hitting more weapons stockpiles. just as i told the ambassadors here today, this is the natural rise of israel. i very much appreciate the support of these governments, and i especially appreciate the support of a friend us president biden, for the state of israel bride to self defense. i am determined to continue this operation until its objective is achieved to restore quiet and security to you citizens of israel, the horn. the european union is to travel restrictions for tourists who are fully vaccinated. even busters of also agreed on relaxing the criteria for countries to be considered safe. up to now that list included only 7 countries. you impose strict measures last year to contain the current of ours. those he had lots of nice continues here on out there on the inside story. stay with us. news,

news, news, news. the government must give up investing in poll gas and oil, and they must do it now. if the world is to stay within safe limits of global warming, that's the strongest warning yet from the international energy agency. but is it achievable and what are the challenges ahead? this is inside story. ah, ah. hello and welcome to the program. i'm hammer, jim jones, the world's leading energy agency warned global carbon dioxide emissions were

expected to rise at their 2nd fastest pace ever this year. and it's just released a landmark report listing, ambitious steps that are needed to cut down net carbon dioxide emissions to 0 in 30 years. among them is a ban on new developments in new coal gas and oil projects. the energy sector is responsible for about 75 percent of the emissions that are driving up global temperatures. and the agency says a drastic scaling back of fossil fuels is needed if the world is to stay within safe limits of global warming. that includes no new gas boilers or petrol and diesel cars to list just a few of the everyday conveniences that will be effected. the i. e, a called on governments to act. now if they want to avert the most catastrophic effects of climate change. the agency says there's a huge gap between governments, rhetoric, and reality. many countries have pledged to cut emissions targets ahead of the u and climate summit planned in glasgow in november. but the united states and canada

are still exploring new oil and gas fields for development. and the u. k is licensing new projects in the north sea. china did not commit to sharp cuts and is building coal fired power plant among other projects. so how does the i e, a propose we get there. the plan goes into incredible detail about the steps needed right down to things like more emissions friendly speed limits. here are some of the 400 steps proposed by the agency. ultimately, they boil down to 2 major categories, more clean technology and less reliance on fossil fuels. every sector needs to make the transition to greener tech, the amount of money being sunk into research and infrastructure needs to triple bringing investment to $4.00 trillion dollars every year. that's things like new recycling methods, cleaner manufacturing processes and getting prototype ideas into every day use. but arguably, the largest and most controversial step will be to step away from traditional fuels

. it begins with no more gas or oil fields being approved from now on, completely converting the production of electricity to renewable sources and changing the way our vehicles are run. the. all right, let's bring in our guests in copenhagen model. florida. christiansen is executive director of greenpeace. nordic in burn switzerland. cornelia myer is, is an economist and oil and gas specialist in new delhi, chandra bush, han is ceo international form for environment sustainability and technology. a warm welcome to you all, madge. let me start with you today. these types of recommendations that are being outlined in this i. e, a report. obviously we've heard some of them before from academics and from environmentalists. but how significant is it that this is now coming from the international energy agency? it is significant. i would tend to say this finally,

i a also gets it right because as you said, is what we've heard consistently over the last decade from many sources. but hearing the i e, which is so important in many capital around the world and forming your policies around the world, hearing it from them. but not only can we not afford to burn the oil that we are going out and looking for. now, we also don't need it, right? there is a pathway for us and that pathway even attractive for us with more jobs and more growth, which is important many. so of course this is, this is the groundbreaking use, cornelia, from your perspective, how ambitious are these recommendations? do you believe that they are achievable and what kind of investment is going to be needed in order to transition away from fossil fuels? i look, i think we all agree that we need to stick to 1.5 degrees centigrade global warming from pre industrial levels to, to the end of the decade. but these, the, some, the,

this is, these are really very, very ambitious targets. and i, i just look at the finance ability because it would take 2 trillion dollars a year up to 5 from now to turn dollars a year in energy infrastructure to 5 trillion dollars a year. that is a lot of money. and yes, i am fully aware that climate change is one of the big risks when there's also very expensive talk to the re insurance companies to the insurance companies. but still, i think this is really, this is pushing the envelope. it's very ambitious. and it's also to my view and would be interesting to hear to india and guest very much a 1st world view because i'm not sure it's quite as achievable in, in, in developing economies as it is, especially from the, from the, the investment side as it is in developed economies,

ho chandra. then let me pick up with you and ask you if from your perspective you believe that this path that has been laid out by the i e a to get to global net 0 is actually achievable. well, it is very ambitious, but the caution we all have to ask mohammed is, what are the options? i mean, to say the most number of hon people will be in countries like india. and the impact of climate change is going to be extremely, extremely high on them. we will see a devastation of communities because of climate change. india right now has been stuffed by state grown as, as, as i talked to you right now at a, b and c has the most intense psych loan in 130 years rich, as you know, done extensive damage to the western part of the country. so i think when we discussed the amount of resources that is required or the ambitious ambition that is required to maintain $1.00, we also have to look at cost which, which,

which we will in good if you do not take this action in balance, i believe that there are many things that is achievable and doable. renewable energy for example, is something that india is already doing. it is cost effective. we can do it electrification of transport sector, especially lightweight kill. we have plan in place. i think it is also achievable because internal combustion engine have run their course, and motors are going to be far more efficient. i have major concern with respect to industrial sector. how do we make steel and demand? how do we produce hydrogen with the scale that is required? i think that is possible if the have global cooperation to do it. i'm not sure that they will be able to get that gold global competition. looking at the way the world has corporate it on vaccine on cove it. so there is a question mark but, but i think that we will have to give it a try. if we don't,

the cost of not doing it is probably much more higher than the cost of doing it. math. i saw you nodding along to some of what jaundra was saying. so i want to get your reaction. but i also ask you about the fact that, you know, there's so many world leaders who've been making these pledges to get to net 0 emissions by the middle of this century. and i want to ask you, if you think that they have actually come to terms with what kind of massive transformation has to happen in order for this to really get off the ground to for this to be achieved. well, that's a very difficult question to ask when you look at more than 200 different countries right around the world. i think some it does have and i think all those that have not, and certainly some that have very different to see how it's even possible. right. but i think the optimistic view, and that would be that we already now see some countries at taking steps that are in line with the parents agreement and,

and those steps in the country. i'm in mark a few months ago, took the decision aligned with what the, the, i mean recommendation is to, to start a new licensing round for a, for, or the gas in our territory for the examples of many others. obviously this is much easier to do for some countries than fathers, no doubt about it, right. and it will be super challenging. but i think what his report shows, and many other report shows is that it is now primarily a matter of political will, right. i think one of the things that the corona cries have shown as well, is an ability also to invest in needs in crisis. i think we can transfer the transform that ability and willingness from the grow enterprise into crisis. i think we spent a very good chance of actually meeting the needs, but obviously the world is very different depending on where you from. that's why it's particularly important that in my part of the world that we go even faster

than what they are suggesting. cornelia, one of the recommendations made by the i e a is that know new oil and gas fields be approved for development. that's something that map was just mentioning a couple of moments ago, especially beyond projects that are already committed. as of 2021. i want to ask you from your vantage point, how realistic that is. well, i think it's a, it's again, a very ambitious and i just don't see how we can get there without the lights going out. and i'd like to, if i may take it one step further, again, you know, i'm fully committed to the 1.5 degrees centigrade. but i see a lot of commitments that are being made and i see not everybody walking to talk. i mean, it will be very hard, let's say for india, you know, in due respect to our indian indian guest here, i see very hard when i look at how the,

the chinese energy system is set up to really get to this ciro hydrocarbons. and is one more thing that i'm a bit concerned about, you know, we are all very, very in love with the electric vehicle. so, i mean it's the infrastructure needs to get in. there is, is quite expensive and this is expensive and extensive. and one of the things i'd like to see happen a little bit more doesn't mean we are not going for e b 's. but i'd like to see a little bit more of a full life cycle assessment, both economically and environmentally. of every use and source of energy because some of the use of energy that may look very good when you take into consideration some decommissioning and so on may look different. so i'd like to not just shift as the i have the view on what has to be done. i would also like to shift the

view on how we assess, what has to be done. chandra, the i. e a also warned that an energy transformation on the scale that is needed at this point would require unprecedented global cooperation. that's what i want to ask you about. it's going to require that wealthier nation's help poor countries that lack the technological expertise or the investment capital to be carbonized. is that something you can foresee happening? well, it is very difficult to say because boston has not been very encouraging. i mean, to say, even if you look at the, a developed world has hoarded vaccine and the iniquity in vaccine that has happened during corporate beated of all for, for the matter investment and promise of giving money and technology to developing countries at u. n. f. triple c. so the past has not been very encouraging. i

believe that developing countries will have to do most of the work on their own. i'm not sure how that developed countries will open bus for this as well. so i think we have to be realistic here. there are areas of benefit for india, for example. you know, one of the interesting thing in this report is it shows how cheap is energy axis. if you only have to spend $40000000000.00 a year, one percent of energy sector investment to provide clean energy to $750000000.00 people in africa and asia who do not have access to electricity, clean energy, and massive indoor air pollution benefit and health benefit education benefit that, that, that it will have. so there are areas where i think it is important for developing countries themselves to invest. i don't like the idea of developing countries

coming to begging born. that shouldn't be the attitude. there is a global corporation that is required. i think if we have global competition, good. if they don't have developing countries, we'll have to pull together and do it. i i, i have this little pessimistic view on this, but i think that's probably what is going to happen. cornelia looked to me like you were reacting to some of what chandra was saying there. so did you want to jump in? yeah, i think i totally agree with chandra and the, the, the issue i have is, i just haven't seen this this corporation. and really, it's sandra the example of the vaccines is very good, and it is, you know, it goes beyond it goes beyond having so many cations for, for electricity, electricity connectivity, in many developed countries. it also goes into the whole industrial thing and where i see a complex where i see in this few there is that a lot of companies and a lot of countries are making big promises,

but i don't see them as of yet walking to talk. i mean, the northern countries, the denmark's of this world, they're great, they're walking to talk. but i see a lot of other countries who are making great promises and are not walking to talk . and that will be important. and lastly, you know, the, it will be very hard, a lot of this will be expensive and i just don't see that for developing countries . the people with the fire power or the i m f, the world bank and to reach no development banks. i don't see them at this current . they have to fire power to, to really deliver on this very ambitious program. so one of the things that would be needed is to give them a lot more money. ma'am, there's a lot of discussion and debate around the issue of the new technologies that would be needed in order to try to reach net 0 emissions. are those new technologies

actually with us now? because there are some who say that they have been developed, that they are in the prototype stages. then there are others that say that know, this is very much something that's in the future. so let me ask you, have some of these technologies actually been fully developed and are they ready to roll out? well, i think that's actually one of the very encouraging messages in the report from the agency, right? that the very to the state that the technology is we need in order to turn this transition is already they are, some of them may not be at scale may be further developed. but the base of the ologies are they are, which is very consistent with, i think more than others have been things for us, right? that we cannot sit around and wait for some metrics or some science to solve the problems for us and for long a crisis and the and solving of one. and that's, i think, is a very important message to make us as well. right. there is no point in waiting

the price drops, we will see a contingency, we've seen it on renewable energy, of course, during the last few decades massively on. so what we will continue also for the, the technologies that are not at scale yet, right? only by getting them out there at, at mass, right? so, so i think the message, you loud and clear also this report is don't sit around and wait for that. obviously, innovation, further development, maybe even using ologies will come up about what happened in parallel with the broader and i think encouraging message to the right these days only benefits from renewal renewable energy, right? we have more jobs in it. we have investments that goes to the right places we have kenya, and we have a very low running costs on them as well. right? so it all depends how you look at the cost perspective. chandra, what do you say? i mean from your perspective is or climate friendly text that can start being rolled out on a massive scale right now mama, i think, you know,

the encouraging part of this report. first of all, this is not a surprising report. people have been talking about these things close to a decade. this roadmap has been put out by many institutions. so what i eat does idea has now come and, you know, stablish that yes, this roadmap is possible. the 2nd thing is one step at a time. this is what the report says. there are technologies which we can use cost effectively right now. and then there are technologies in the future for which we need to invest in innovation and technology development, though that expensive technologies, they are going to come over the next few decades. one of the problem i had that this report was, is that respected jobs. now i can understand i e, a having the database of all you cd on jobs. but it is important to understand that unlike developed world where the economy is formal and the jobs are formal, a large part of job in fossil fuel industry in developing countries in formal sector. they're not, you know, salary job,

large majority of people in developing countries are either self employed or, you know, there are, there are contract workers. how do we generate job for an informal economy? how do the do just transition for an informal economy. 4 is not the onset that i see in this report that's, that's another area of work. so i'm not that optimistic about, you know, renewable energy having equally similar amount of job in developing countries when we replace them with fossil fuel. so that's one big question mark, which we will have to tackle cornelia if we do start seeing more countries around the world actually moving away from fossil fuels. i want to ask you how that impacts the region where i am right now. and what does that do when it comes to oil producing countries in the middle east? what comes to gcc countries? well, 1st i just quickly want to react to the jobs thing. yes. the, there is a jobs if you, but actually oil and gas production doesn't create that many jobs either. so there

will be more informal, effect tropes in renewable energy. but looking at, at our, our region as gcc, yes, it is a very, it's a very still a very dependent on oil and gas. when you look at what has happened over the last 5 years, you look at mission 2030 and saudi arabia, which is very much looking at weaning the concrete, all fits, total dependence on them on the, on the, on, on fossil fuels. then you look at the other things like abu dhabi, with, with, which also has really been on the forefront often fossil off, off of renewable energy. so in many ways i would say yes we are, they are. 5 trying to work on it, but it will be a very difficult transition, which is where i also say that report is a bit lacking because when you talked about greene hydrogen,

i wouldn't fully discard what can be done with oil and gas. mad, i know this is a bit speculative, but you know, you, you made mention earlier of the fact of how some sort of surprising it was to hear all this from the i e. a right now, because obviously the i e, a is an organization that wasn't exactly known to be renewable friendly in the past . i'm usually seem to be by many to be more in the pro fossil fuel cap. so i want to ask you how much you think this report could inform an impact negotiations at the u. n. cop 26 climate summit coming up in november in glasgow. well, i think it's difficult to say right, but i think some of the countries that have been using the e as an excuse for not taking steps, for example, to stop new licensing grounds for them. guess what? they've been pointing to say i. e tells us we will continue to have a demand, a certain size. now the we have report in that confirms that the, the,

the boys were probably dropped to about 24000000 barrels a day in 2050 a compared to the 90000000 today. and these companies will need to explain why they are not putting a full stock to which new license ground. that is the countries that we normally think. climate progressives, no way that you k and other countries, right? so i think this will drive a pressure on them, right and make it clear that there is no longer any excuses for not making the the policy decisions that match the ambition decisions they've already made when it comes to net 0 when it comes to reduction targets. in into the office, they report into the initial process, right? so, so i have no doubt that this will be an important record as a conservative institution. they consistently have been now under estimating the development of renewables and or estimating the price of renewable energy over today. case now, right. and therefore this is,

this is chandra. what are the biggest obstacles to achieving the goals outlined in this report? see, i think the biggest obstacle is going to be finance. how do we muster low cost capital? i'm looking from developing countries perspective, the cost of capital for renewable energy, for example, in some of the countries are just unaffordable. so how do we get global capital at a cost which is affordable n, and actually reasonable for developing countries? you know, we live in a very funny while, where countries who are, who are most vulnerable to climate change are likely to pay the highest interest rate on global capital. so we actually penalize climate vulnerable countries. our finance of the global financial system does that. i think we need to turn the table where in, if you are more climate vulnerable, you are likely to you should be getting the capital at a much more concessional rate. so i think finance is one challenge. how do they do?

just transition is another challenge. i just want to contradict a little bit what's going to be karnilia said see goal sector in india employs 15000000 people alone. and the total green job that i predict the $16000000.00 new the way. so i think we need to have a certain sense off how many people are actually walking in for some fuel industry . so just transition is going to be very important because there are a large number of people who are dependent on fossil fuel. i think these 2 are going to be important. i'm not bothered about technology, frankly speaking, if you're a market, you will have innovation and you will have technology available. so i think broadly be used to major concerns that i have. all right, well we have run out of time to we're going to have to leave the conversation there . thank you so much. all of our guess my photo christianson, cornelia meyer and chandra schon, and thank you to for watching. you can see this program again any time by visiting our website 0 dot com and for further discussion,

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