weather the next explosion echo one step closer to the place they call home the distant barking of dogs, a witness documentary on al jazeera, the news hello there, i'm just on the with the top story of here on algebra. us president joe biden has led a ceremony in the state of oklahoma to mark the one hundreds of astro, of the tulsa race massacre. as many as 300 people were killed when white mobs attacked black homes and businesses in 1921. biden says, remembering the masika is important for the nation to heal, but some angry that he made no mention of reparations. she had returned to reports now from tulsa. jo button is the 1st us president to take part in commemorations.

thoughts thought to be the u. s. his worst incident of racial violence, some 300 black residents of the once prosperous african american neighborhood of greenwood and tulsa, were killed in 1921 as it was burned to the grounds. biden met with the last survivors of the massacre. i'm pledge to address the systemic racism that keeps african americans disadvantaged. promising to address in equity in home. appraisals like homes being value to tens of thousands less than white homes and order more federal contracts or like businesses. the data shows young black contribution just as capable of succeeding and given the chance as white entrepreneurs are. but they don't have lawyers, they don't have. they don't know the accountants, but they have great ideas. local businesses, welcome the focus, but the head of the greenwood chamber of commerce that was formed by survivors of the massacre as they attempted to rebuild is skeptical. the president of the united states is here, and i can even meet the talk about how we can preserve this district,

how we can help grow these black businesses, the city. it's also making money. the state of oklahoma, making money, right? these mainstream hotels is making money, but the historic black district is not going to get it done by didn't have an advance to key campaign pledge to forgive student deaths, which civil rights groups. they would go a long way to narrowing that racial wealth gap, nor has he spoken not in favor of reparations for slavery or even reparations for the remaining survivors of the tools. a race massacre who a 100 years after they lost everything, still receive no compensation. that hasn't been any accountability for the massacre either. white mobs were actively supported by the police and city authorities. activists see a direct link between today's disproportionate police violence against african americans and the burning of what was known as black wall street. my brother cameras crutcher was killed right here in this community with his hands in the air, an armed by a police officer of tulsa, oklahoma, and 100 years prior to that. my great grandmother community,

this sacred land i'm standing on was burned to the ground state sanctioned violence . it's the same police culture that exist today that continues to harm black and brown people in the city from racial economic disparities to official racist violence. this communication has revealed deep continuity between 19212021. she advertise see al jazeera, tulsa, oklahoma, more than 90 percent of people. and if you're, if you have more than 2 region or a native emergency food aid, that's the warning from the wild food program. thousands have been killed and 2000000. others displaced since fighting began in november. europe's talk to these agency is and lead us to think about supplying vaccines to poor nations before and asian young people in their own countries. that's as many nation struggled to get enough supplies the need of western sahara. paula. sorry, frontier left spain after the spanish high court turned down

a request for him to be taken into custody. brian golly, is accused of war crimes intruding genocide. he says the accusations against him are politically motivated. holly was in spain for medical treatment. a fight on a congress ship and sri lanka has finally been extinguished after burning. for 13 days. it's being described as the countries was the logical disaster. the vessel was carrying large amounts of toxic, nitric acid and micro plastics. much of it has spilled. the european union envoy for the palestinian territory is calling the international support and rebuilding gaza off the last month, 11 de bombardment by israel. 253 palestinians were killed. at least 2 people have died in an assassination attempt on the uganda and minister gunman spray general cartoon though, a modest car with bullets killing his daughter and the driver. well, there is the headlines. i'll be back here on out there after crypto sophia. ah,

me 70 for though i made a film about the history of money banking and bitcoin, what was going on back along. we said it's going to be a bumpy ride. and now some of the big brains and speak egos for champions crypto currency claim. they are building a crypto utopia. magic and things will happen with something called block chain technology. and it just might change your life and they really could compete with if not even take down the facebook and google's in the amazon. my name is austin hoffman and i'm going to put some of these claims to the test. forget all the hype will explore the true potential of this new invention. see who is already using it, making it really easy for people to a page that it's all or we and go deep into

a secret bunker that holds billions in bitcoin. but they are those who want to kill it. join with me and introducing a bill to outlaw crypto currency so that we nip this in the bud or change the world with it. welcome to ground 0 in the battle for the future of the internet. web 3 point all they wanted a science fiction dream. what actually did was build forthcoming disaster. a lot of people were not willing to learn or not willing to admit they were telling me that i have no clue that just don't support free speech. you don't support big calling your enemy a bit for him. this is bigger than the internet, the iron age, the renaissance, the industrial revolution. this affects the entire world. okay,

let's start slowly with the basics of money and it's creation. the total value of all the world's money is about $120.00 trillion dollars, which you probably didn't know is that each new dollar is created by government and banks as debt, which needs to be paid back by someone in the future with interest. that's why there isn't enough money in the world to repay all that debt, and there never will be. oh, and almost all of the world's money is already digital. just entries in a ledger, usually managed by a bank. only a small portion exists as physical currency, like cash or coins. think of it this way. your employer deposits a $1000.00 into your bank account. then you pay $200.00 in taxes, $500.00 for rent, $200.00 for bills and shopping and so forth. what are used? credit cards, debit cards,

paypal or bank transfers. they're all just pluses and minuses, indifferent, digital ledgers. that's why there's almost no need for physical money in our daily lives. during the financial crisis in 2008, a mysterious figure called photoshop's, komodo published this 9 page white paper. it said with big coins, open source software. we can create or money without banks or governments. i this new nerd money called crypto currency is created and stored in computers. and before long there was a growing family, mostly guys like roger via today. he's a polarizing figure, but back then he gave away thousands of coins to kickstart the movement, and they all called him bitcoin jesus. i think that for many years he brought more people to be going than anyone ends and we will for re grateful to him for doing that. or when i was a kid, i was reading all the science fiction books. they were talking about how the world

is going to be when we have this like anonymous digital cache that people can use on the internet. it's not controllable by anybody. and then when bitcoin came along, it was like, wow, the science fiction money that i've been reading about as a kid is finally here. so i got so excited about it. i heard about it about 10 in the morning. and i was trying to go to work that day, but i didn't, i stayed home the entire day. reading about it didn't leave. i stayed up all night that night reading about a date up all night the next night or even deep down that rabbit holding the point of physical exhaustion. not as i called a friend of mine that please help me. i'm so sick and you bring me to the hospital . yeah. roger that bid bad by the bitcoin bug, like so many others who follow truly. one of the most exciting inventions ever in the entire history of human kind. but how does it work? when my friends ask me to explain, well, i often start with this analogy, emission, a bank vault where you have a safety deposit box. key open for the boxes where you can securely store physical

valuables like gold coins in did clean their digital. think of them is very long passwords. your private key gives you access to a wallet, which unlocks billions of unique decline addresses. each one is a virtual safety deposit box that only you can open with your key. and there are more addresses in this virtual vault than adams in the universe. the doors to these boxes are transparent. you can see inside them. here's one with digital money point to one point. setting them from one box to another is what's called a bid quote transaction. we'll explain that later. but for now, just remember that these digital coins can only exist inside these transparent address. boxes can't be copied and can't ever leave the vault. and this vault is owned by no single entity. you don't need permission from a government, a bank, or a corporation to use it.

the most early adopters of the coin, it was all about global peer to peer electronic cash room. 77 in berlin was one of the very 1st businesses to accept bit coins as payment for physical things. b as in burgess, back in 2011. there were no mobile wallets, right. so you had to go there, bring your laptop type in this long address. you do risk losing the money if you didn't type it correctly. so the 1st guy who built the mode by law with some guy who built it in order to buy his beer with his phone instead of computer. my problem with banks is different. why can't they sent money overnight on a weekend? after all, it's updating digital edges, right? just moving data, we can send pictures of videos to any one on the planet almost instantly and for free. we live in the h of the internet,

but the bank seemed to be stuck in the past century. so what if the flow inexpensive middleman with a multiple ledges could be replaced by a giant data ace synchronized over the internet? that's the big idea behind bitcoin, and it's run by a decentralized global network of powerful computers and regular laptops. this immutability is the 1st rule of big coin. it means no one can ever change was once recorded in the block chain, or spend the same coin twice. that's also called censorship resistance and it's critical to bitcoin being used as real money award winning journalist laura, she tells me a story about women bloggers in a fantasy on being paid in bitcoin and that one of the women that hadn't abusive husband and saved up her bit coins and eventually was able to divorce him because she was able to control her money when she earned the big coins. in my 1st film, the early adopters said that this kind of financial freedom for every one was just

around the corner. the world's most populous network is adopting bitcoin. that's the internet. the world's largest economy is adopting bitcoin. that's the internet . we have transcended borders. it's totally file is electronic cache. david gerard doesn't buy all the height. he's one of the most outspoken critics and skeptics of block chain technology. it's not very good as a payment system. there's a small claimant use case if you want to trade in things the government doesn't want you to trade in. that's david's politely saying illegal stuff. in 2011, most of my partner colleagues were saying 3 or so, but other drugs pornography on field the silk road was a black market on the dock weapon where buyers and sellers use big coins to fly under the radar of the authorities. it had 1000000 uses until the f b. i showed up and shut it down. they caught this guy for running it and

confiscated the coins held in escrow by snatching his computer. and then they locked him away for life. no doubt crypto currencies can be a tool for criminal activity, but so on dollar bills, all the banking system. and let's not forget, the block chain is a public ledger. it's actually been quite useful for uncovering crimes, a former federal prosecutor, a name catherine hon. she was the one who discovered that there were a couple of federal agents that were pilfering in big coins, that the government had obtained from the cell grow case for their own gain. and what was interesting was she got a tip that there might be $11.00 agent that was doing this. but from looking at the movements on the branching itself, she realized that there were 2 people. the prosecutor could see those big coins being moved. and when the dirty coff try to sell them for dollars. vega busted. while they saw the technology provides anonymity,

it actually enabled uncovering their crime. but what makes big coins worth stealing? why do they have value at all? let's go back to where a bit queens are stored in transparent digital deposit boxes protected by strong cryptography. they can never be copied or leave the vault because any transaction at any bitcoin down to a 100 millions fraction is recorded in the block chain for eternity. this synchronized global letter is shared among thousands of computers worldwide. that's why it can't be compromised or altered. think about that. we can make an infinite number of perfect digital copies of the movie, a song, any file. but for the 1st time in history, this distributed record keeping allows us to have a truly unique and fungible digital object that is also scarce. if you could count all of these virtual coins, you find about 18000000 of them today. when

the cap of 21000000 is reached, the protocol stops the network from creating anymore. it's the opposite of our traditional money supply, which keeps growing and growing an unlimited amount of dollars versus a very lim supply of bit coins. you do the math. if you use euro's dollars, you might not care about a little inflation per year. but if your country isn't stable, you might be a trillion and paper and be debt brooks. i grew up in by one year and the same part of ours. and now my parents are she branches there and i remember growing up in my childhood. so my parents loose everything 3 times. first because of a huge evaluation and because of hyperinflation. and the last time because they government confiscated all banker bosses. i think that too they, they are,

are billions of people, at least 4000000000 people who would be a lot better off by having access to a form of money that is non political and more than mccracken. we think of finance . we think of banking, we think of money in terms of the experience and perspective of western european or developed nation person. and that is really just a 1000000000 and a half people who have a very privileged financial life. what about the other 6000000000? every single country that is free has essentially a legal status for crypto courses that is very open and permitted. and every single country that is unfree has restricted for band crypto currency status. this is the berlin wall, fell a powerful symbol of a government trying to control it citizens. and that brings us to the big question, can governmental bangs, ban bitcoin? well, some politicians feel things they can stop open source software. i look for colleagues

to join with me and introducing a bill to outlaw crypto currency purchases by americans, so that we nip this in the bud in part because not an awful lot of our international power comes from the fact that the dollars, the standard unit of international finance and transactions clearing through the new york bed is critical for major oil and other transactions. and it, is it the announced purpose of the supporters of crypto currency to take that power away from us. for folk currency represents a litmus test for governance. it reveals how much your government believes in in the fundamental freedoms and human rights. because if they don't trust their own citizens to have control over their own money. that says a lot about the governments is very little about crypto cards. you see the reason

why some governments and most bangs are threatened by this technology is simple. your private key and your wallet can replace your bank account. the network is run by software, and it's currencies made and maintained by computing power and electricity. it can't be manipulated by central bankers, wall street lobbyists or politicians, but with new freedom comes new responsibility. so, if you can help with keys, it's your big point. if you don't control the keys, it's not your bitcoin, your keys draw big point, not your teeth matter of a point. your keys your bit quite not your keys, not curve a point. got that. if you lose your key, you will never be able to access your coins again. and if someone hex, your computer or you store those passwords, your coins will be stolen in a 2nd. and remember how wenches of family had their money stolen by their own government? well,

maybe that's why he built the fort knox of bitcoin security. settle. most of our 7000000 customers are in emerging market in countries where there's problems with a currency, we have explosions, inactivity like venezuela right now we're 30 and we develop the system of wallets where we have 5 private keys for each one of our between addresses. we keep those private geese in an offline sarah that has never been on line will not be on line. it's inside the vault, the voltage inside a bunker, usually deep underground. our main one is in switzerland in the commission, military bunker. i just had to see it for myself, even though it took a month for to get cleared. for a tour we were met by christ of osh might a former military commander who runs the place and the representative from settle. crystal said, the gods would rather shoot us than show us around. i hope you are kidding.

they need to bring in the material for the other side of the personal look. first up, one more check of our id, a pet down for weapons or any other monkey business, and give inspection or even the boss was searched. it took nearly an hour to get my teams for security, but it was worth it. no other film crew has been allowed access. we are the largest custodian, a bit going in the world because a lot of the largest holders in the world use us or security rumor has it that 10 percent of all that kind of thought here. and in there for other secret locations, unfortunately, i can't confirm any of those numbers from the mountain that we are getting a lot of benefits by earthquake proof flooding prove.

but on the other side, you're facing a lot of additional costs. like maintaining 7 independent bank of power supplies the labyrinth of tunnels deep into the mountain is interrupted by nuclear, great dos. it's a level security apply to all of the data crystals protect here. not just for example. we cannot talk too much about it because it's pretty quickly what is down there right now. be allowed to film that now the doors that remain shut and security measures we weren't allowed to see. and some of those checks may be by a metric including the i kind of fingers, brains can and the fingerprint scanner. also make sure that you are alive. do the cut someone's finger and you're just using it to open a gate. so you might have a direct

these on samples actual service, but if you've ever wondered what crypto currency thieves dream about it sitting somewhere down here unplugged from the internet a very absolutely no way here. a way to attack the day. it's always on the cold storage side, but here's my question. why do i need the cold offline service to be inside them out and kind of be in my basement while the surveys and it still can be filled out. so this isn't like money data. yeah, it's been invite, but it is money, a lot of money. and this is why this is more a bank than than a day. but let's do a quick recap. we now have billions of dollars worth of data secured and digital banks deep inside secret military bankers. if you don't think bitcoin is already

changing the world's concept of money, you haven't been paying attention. remember, mervin, he used to be a senior executive, deutsche bank. his colleagues, one said bitcoin was for law breakers and troublemakers, he now runs a crypt to fund out malta. our research shows that the crypto markets are going to probably be worth about $8.00 trillion in 2027, which is a 50 x. um today, exactly. most financial analysts say you better stick to your chance and bonds and dollars bitcoin is dangerous nonsense. far too risky as investing to others. bitcoin is an escape hatch that will take them away from risk and insurance against the financial doomsday away out of the debt crisis, negative interest rate. trade was an economic downturn. they say it's an anti fragile asset uncorrelated to financial markets. so how about the general public in

america, the younger generation already starts to trust this new asset class. and when success, bitcoin may reach a $1000000.00 per coin. i would say the biggest financial mistake you can make right now is to own an amount of bit going that you cannot afford to lose because it's super risk and you may lose. the 2nd biggest financial means that you can make is not to own any. because you bought one percent of your net worth in bid going, most people can afford to lose one percent of the net worth. and if i am right, it's going to be more than a 100 percent of your network. so with a non material exposure, you change your life, you know what you would spend with your on a romantic weekend with your wife. say, sorry, we're not going to go out this weekend. i'm going to just vibrate going on sir. it's bent. it does appear check in 7 years. i either gave you about a life and cost your weekend or i want a grandkids going when he does what you fail to mention is that the

currency, the micro transaction, all of that is relevant, right? meaning, all of the cryptograms is our way to wallet that for anyone to take them seriously . hold on. let's go back to where we started. bitcoin was creative, peer to peer, lic, 20 cash. that was the can a payment directly from you to me from me to the coffee shop. i have bought a bag of coffee for 2 bitcoin in 2012, which today cost me $12000.00 in today's money. that is a deflationary a fact, as long as bitcoin keeps doing sudden and increases in prices that's going to stop retail use in its tracks. with bitcoin, you can send $1.00 or $1000000.00 worth of value anywhere in the world. you can do it for free. one philosophy could be this 5 declining digital goals. and the other philosophy could be discarded. the coin as digital cash. because what we've already

met the digital gold cam, who opposes any changes to the protocol, despite the high fees, roger represents the other side of the debate they wanted a system upgrade. the solution is easy and just increase the size of the blocks from one to 248 megabytes. so that more transactions fit into them. this will lower the fees, and people will start using bitcoin as cash again. but most of the community disagreed. so bitcoin, jesus had become because judith and there was a split into 2 separate bit coins, every revolutionist followed by the counter revolution, which is usually a purge of the original revolutionaries. when i 1st started covering the space, every one was united in the struggle against the establishment. now of industry has grown so much that they are competing parties, propaganda machines, conspiracy theories looks a lot like politics. the biggest fight within the bitcoin ecosystem is over at the moment, is who has the right, the name bitcoin. but at the end of the day,

i think the version of bitcoin described in the big one white paper has the strongest claim to the name bitcoin than anything else. and that's been going cash, i think, is to say that and causing people to, to buy big on cash when they actually want to buy big coin. they're just going to be casting is from issue shalicia. and for i'm been talk, the omnia de fuzzy, english rosie, dr. kaufman, bitcoin b cash. because tom depression, he had for some his sierra energy, nuclear. those in your face to bid coins could call them coming up the chain explained and predicting the future off the internet for the the important thing, if you are walking around and be rude, was not to be in the line of fire from the holiday fall off we heard gunshots, i was the 1st one to flee. the whole battle lasted 3 days and 3 nights,

and there were no prisoners at the end control over the in, and you control the region around. and that's why i was such an icon of conflict at the heart of the lebanese civil war bay route holiday in war hotels on al jazeera. it's all too familiar. innocent lives ended in an instant, then great anger and the debate around firearms. but for survivors and families of the fall, in reality, often changes forever. phone lines investigates the long lansing trauma inflicted on communities the aftermath. my shootings in america on al jazeera, the

me oh, hello again, i'm the phones the attain, the with the headlines here on out, rivera, us president joe biden has let a ceremony in the state of oklahoma to mark the scent, henry of the tulsa race masika. 300 black residents were killed by white lobes in 1921. biden promised support for black businesses, but made no mention of reparation. do are so low favors by pretending none of this ever happened. or doesn't impact us today because it does still impact us today. we can't.