is all be without passengers with bays or some bull, the new space race could be about to get even more competitive. the rivalry between jeff bay's often ill on musk has been simmering for years. that barring matches on social media for all to see. but the marketing terms, this could be a victory for the founder of amazon. question is, what will ill on must do to top his rivals late, his move? no one knows, but the world is watching. and the gala caroll 0. miami, florida. ah, let's have a quick check of the headlines here now to 0 and the vice president command harris is warned, migrants from central america considering the dangerous tract, the u. s. not to come. she is met guatemalans president and other leaders to discuss a spike in migration. and next stop is mexican committee helicopters more from guatemala company. there is an acknowledgment from com la harris as she spoke alongside the guatemala president at the national palace that she believes. the

reason people are making the desperate journey is because they feel they need to really harm or they can't satisfy basic needs. and that's why both leaders worked and in their bilateral meetings discuss how they believe that they can encourage people to stay where they are in their homeland. they and now that there would be an effort to combat not only human trafficking is smuggling, but also the corruption that many are facing, that is really hurting their economic opportunity. colonel is see me going to has been sworn in his mind. he's transitional president. he led a military q last month over through transitional government and stored less than a year ago. he promised to hold elections next february. the us justice department says it's recovered millions of dollars paid by energy supply colonial pipeline in a run some where demand last month already say the cyber attack originated in russia by the cyber criminal group dockside result approved presidential election

remains unclear to 2 kinds of it's in that connect with most of the votes counted, that's just kind of it hydra castillo has as the head of the conservative kickoff, with movie. as more of the tiny boats come in from rural areas, they say, tend to favor us. regulators have approved a new drug for people with outsiders. despite it advisory committee concluding, there's not enough evidence to support. i do. can maps effectiveness. it's the 1st out time has drug to be approved in any 20 years. and it will be needed. it will need to be studied for plates of the canadian province of ontario, recalling the death of a muslim family, a hate crime. the driver of a pickup truck ran over 5 pedestrians in the city of london, killing 3 generations of the same family. a 20 year old man has been charged. alright, you're up to date with headlines here on not 0. we got another half hour of news coming up right off the inside story. news

news a century ago. german colonize is almost wiped down to the indigenous people in south west africa. germany's now apologize, but the libyans have labeled a compensation of, of more than a $1000000000.00, an insult. so how should countries deal with injustices committed in the past? the inside story. ah hello, welcome to the program on the hill robin. it's been called the 1st genocide of the 20th century. more than a 100 years ago,

the german soldiers kill tens of thousands of indigenous people from 2 ethnic groups and what's now namibia. last week, germany apologized and agreed to pay $1300000000.00 infrastructure projects over the next 30 years. but in the b, b as vice president says, that's nowhere near enough. and descendants of the victims say, it's an insult and doesn't provide them with any sort of reparation. the case is re igniting the debate, told how country should deal with past atrocities. for me, the miller reports. while it's taken more than a century, germany is admitted. it committed genocide against tens of thousands of nama and over railroad people in them of that size and how it to deny. we will now officially call these events what they were from today's perspective, a genocide in doing so, we are acknowledging our historical responsibility on the light of germany's historical and moral responsibility last in the media and the descendants of the

victims for forgiveness. but it's taken years of negotiations for germany to apologize. community leaders had tried through courts to compel the german government to pay reparations for the extermination of nearly a $100000.00 norma and over herero people. this took place during germany's early 20th century colonization of what was then south west africa. all the court bits failed in may. germany agreed with the namibian government to provide $1300000000.00 in development aid for the next 2 years in germany has been dictating. and for me, it was like a case offer. you have a mid or late this. and this person is the one to decide whether i have for rate or not. and should that find myself guilty? what would be the best punishment or video that i can give myself so that that is how the whole process was not acceptable to the others to say the

negotiations between the 2 governments excluded those directly affected by the genocide. when we 1st met eda hoffman, 4 years ago, she's been fighting for the direct payment of compensation. she fears development aid will never reach the communities affected her can our people talk to our resources would be but had become a progress of the during the genocide, these communities were robbed of their land and cattle today. many say they continue to suffer the legacy of being displaced. and that this chapter in the movie as history remains unresolved for meat amolla al jazeera. well, in recent than several communities around the world have stepped up, calls for reparations, relating to historical atrocities. indigenous groups in canada are saying the government for the cultural damage caused by residential schools. rwandan

opposition parties are demanding an apology and reparation for frances role in the 1994 genocide and many l. julian's won't compensation for abuses committed during france's colonial rule. the un human rights chief as urge countries to confront the legacy of colonialism and make amends for violence. ah, well let's bring in august for this edition of inside story in when talk we have pen broke her research on transitional justice and a project consultant at the the may be an institute for democracy in sala, in sweden, heading melva, senior research associate at the nordic africa institute and a member of the s w a p o, that's the south, west africa peoples organization, liberation movement. and in london, professor phil clark called the international of international politics and the co director of the center of conflict writes and justice. and so i seen of estie of

london, welcome all to the program. miss panic and i thought with you a and wind hook up, apologies. are a huge step holiday for those who want to say that they did something wrong. it's a big a more difficult step sometime to accept when your ancestors have been the victims, and those apologizing weren't there at the time. i think that's interesting, the apology. she aspects, especially when it comes to, to reparation. because the apology should be an outcome of a process that takes place before of consistent engagement between the perpetrators and the victims, or so to say, the descendants of perpetrators and victims. and i don't nama and tomato groups. they continue to identify as victims and not descendants of victims because they do

feel that the pros that the inherited injustice just continue to make them vixon. however, when it comes to the apology from the german side, i think maybe that's for a lot of his incomes. from people feeling that, well, i wasn't there or i didn't do it and ultimately i think was reparation. the important symbolic nature of it is to really shift the debate, not you know, about punishment or anything. it's about in an inherited responsibility and we cannot start to go further on this. we start to think about the symbolic nature of reparations, of acknowledgment, of knowing our history, knowing the role of what needs inherent. so. so just feel that you're being slapped on a hand and being forced to apologize, but that you actually mean it. ok, let's move other than to mail that because if it's about the indignities

a community has experienced and an apology is part of the way there from your understanding and your knowledge and experience. so what are the main issues now that the libyans and the nama and over harrow communities want to dressed? i think 1st of all, it's about a full recognition or with general committee and iraq and the consequences. he was in terms of the social economic structures which all talk of the socially elegy of today. and i think there is a mismatch reflect the metric power relations. because while in germany, a breast is considered a footnote of german history, west is not on the present, and it's very much a wife is especially among the hold on a low and nama,

and some are our communities who or wherever to turn on. and why it's important to offer, i'm reserves upon her to that through the fuser force. negotiate mess, keeping my germany in 2015. yes. what happens then is for today's prospective general side. and then they said, now that's open. why was they were jasons with me? didn't government help us to apologize? i think that is adding in certain june of course, i think the debate about the apology and the finance will continue certainly for the weeks and months ahead. so we can put that slightly to one side. my come over to profess o'clock in london. i mean, in northern europe where you are in london, much as taught in schools across the board about world war 2, colonialism and it's focused around the events of northern europe,

the colonies i taught from a northern european experience. and as mr. mal but just said that it was a footnote sometimes about what happened in africa. but the colonies and events in those continents barely get mention and barely understood by the public at large doesn't have been maybe as experience now have to be re taught in, in germany, in the way that the germans had to re look at the way they behaved. when it was a nazi state during world war 2, i think that's right, that what both of your previous guests have emphasized the importance of acknowledgment that before we talk about apology and reparations, former colonial powers have to honestly and fully acknowledge the crimes of the past the direct actions in various parts of africa, and i don't think we're seeing that from these european powers at the moment. i think we're seeing these piecemeal forms of acknowledgment that sometimes dodge

some of the toughest issues of what britain did. and it's colonies what germany didn't, it's for my colonies. and part of that acknowledgement, i think, is expressed towards the victim communities in places like namibia in wonder, in sudan and elsewhere. but part of that acknowledgement is also in side. those european societies themselves. it's education, it's public museums and monuments. it's about having of an honest domestic debate. it's about the, the nature of colonial crimes. and i think that most of these european states at the moment are incredibly reluctant to have that kind of conversation in africa and very reluctant to have that kind of conversation at home. and i know that penance noting an agreement will come back to you in a moment because before i go profess o'clock, the terminology you see so very difficult to accept is that when you mentioned the word genocide between certain countries who don't want to acknowledge that they were perpetrators of genocide and it's an important term legally as well. so

what sort of effect is that word have you might say in this context with namibia and with germany still really talking about the very tenuous relationship and historical issues. i think something we have to recognize about the bibby in cases that germany was dragged, kicking and screaming into this dialogue with maybe a government germany didn't want to be that they didn't want to acknowledge the genocide. it was only because namibian activists have started taking legal cases into foreign jurisdictions, but germany got a bit spurt and decided that i needed to look into this type that should also be remembered that germany's 1st response to the herrera genocide was to offer a very poultry sum of only 10000000 euros, and it was herero and nama community groups. that said, that's simply not enough if you committed genocide here, and we still as communities living with the legacies. with that genocide today, we need something that is much more substantial and much more meaningful. and so i think all of that raises some very serious questions about the sincerity and the

honesty with which germany is, is engaging with the baby. and of course, this isn't just about germany, we could argue very similarly about belgium and france and the netherlands and the u. k. as well in exactly the same conversation. are we putting on those? hopefully a little bit later. of course, penny you are nodding in agreement in when talk and basically the voice about the reparations not being good enough. the situation not being good enough was initially accepted by the vice president obama. and now he should be in at the time to remain calm and quoting and think deeply about the response to the deal. we have made remarkable progress over the past 5 years of negotiations. and there is an opportunity we should not waste yet. he's changed his tune, hasn't he? he's not very happy with this offer by germany. what seems to have happened? what changed for him to change his mind? i can only speculate that it boiled down to the reaction of the 1000000 public at

large. i'm sitting here in the media almost every day in the newspaper. it's about another chief who has disagreed with it, a public joint statement by the here or nama chiefs activist groups speaking up about it. so i think it is correct to say if it is, it is a huge improvement to what's been happening, especially when you look at the history of this process to get to this point. however, i think the way the public is reacting is that because it's been such a process, it is just getting more and more frustrating. and i think the vice president has to take into account the, the views of the namibian public. he knows that. and everyone knows that preparation has to be accepted by the people for it actually has the impact that you wanted to have. i guess that's, that's the main issue that the main developments are happening in the public in the

may be heading melva in up solar. is that how you see it from where you are? because you've had years of being able to research and in depth, please speak to the people at the heart of the problem. well, i pointed to good perception in me entirely different from those in germany. but professor clark made reference to a very important point. it's actually a railroad activist for if the german breath is supposed to offer an apology as a 1st step should do so in germany to bring the message back home. what's happened in the german called me then to create a minimum around as in german, 5 today. what there was before the course before going to number and then trying to close a chapter,

which is not close. why i've got some in sufficient agreement. now 1st of all, why materially compensation and the germans desperate award the germ reparations is an important part of that part of g will never ever can compensate for the loss of human life and the river rayber. consequences to test raise more to be done and reconciliation if there is a way for reconciliation needs to be between and among people and not governments, and that's already floor in the current negotiation. obviously there are many examples around the world that we can look at that are very similar and have this fine thread of apology and reparations and understanding of phil clark. i come to you, i mean, we've seen in south korea, for example, over the years after world war 2, that forgiving japan and its behavior towards korean comfort. women has never

really been settled, despite agreements between the 2 governments. despite the financial agreement in a political agreement, it still festers as an issue to this day. and what one does, even if you do have financial, you might say an ending finality to it. is this something that could fester for namibian in the same situation that the south koreans found themselves in for what? nearly 70 years? yes. i think that's the danger that if issues of apology and reparations on handled well, it compounds the original crime. there's an opportunity now to acknowledge the past to do something constructive about it, but if that's handled in a piecemeal fashion events handled poorly, can in fact make the situation much worse. i think the difficulty in the germany, namibia cases that of course, germany has, i, previous experience of large scale reparations towards the jury's population after

the holocaust. and it's much debate about the effectiveness or otherwise of that. but in that case, germany at least did seem to fully try to come to terms with crimes committed during the holocaust. and there was a systematic attempt at reparations for the jewish people. now been a 1000000 casey never to use being compare and contrast with that. and, and at the moment, i think as pen a and, and having both emphasized the deal with the baby seems to be falling short. germany has a history of engaging, clearly and systematically on this question. that reparation always seems something very, very different. in the namibian case, and that's the kind of thing that i think could cause a lot of bad blood and could festa for a very long time, pena broken window. how difficult was it for the local communities to actually get the voice said, we've heard that it's been, you know, decades maybe a 100 years to get to this particular point. but can you just give us an example of a, of a voice that you've spoken to who had ancestors that had been at the forefront had

been victims of what they experience. can you give us an example of an experience of the treatment of germans towards native libyans? well, during my, during my research, i conduct to some interviews and there's also some work done by caspar erickson, which is one of the very few bodies of work that actually captures the oral histories of the hero, nama and de mata, communities, and a lot of it a lot of identity today is shaped by these atrocities and issues around around land and restoration. and i think what's so important to remember while we are discussing, especially when we hear some rhetoric by german government officials to say, while the genocide of such a long time of both. the 1st attempt for restoration was in 1919. that's

black over a century ago where they could pack up x it or the, the chief, the time actually asked for land back so that the head of people can live as a nation once again. that needs to be understood in the context of federal colonialism and the fact that then it was brought up again in 19 twenties. that was brought up again that the you in 1949 onwards. so when we have to understand that the opportunity, especially under colonialism and i, i hear us talking about the holocaust in germany's willingness to acknowledge the holocaust and make amends. very different context. and at the end of the day, germany has had a year. oh, i mean for has had over a century of protection based on the international politics of the time of the

colonization. the namibian groups us as early as 1995 exercising their democratic rights. maybe being one of the last countries to receive democracy. of course to it, but not late on our part. it's just over do justice. it, let me just bring in melva here because you know, we talk about the pressure puts on germany kicking and screaming, perhaps as well to come to these talks in 2019. that was the un report that was dumbing of belgium's colonial past in congo. and it suggested quite strongly and i quote, with a view to closing the dark chapter in history as a means of reconciliation and healing. there are several other un backed investigations about colonial rule and how colonial powers may need to face the past sooner rather than later. is it up to bodies like the you and if you can deem them independent to actually tell nation states

you need to look at your colonial past. you in my try to put more a russia on those colonial powers, but i'm afraid it's different. that's remember, a consult already in the 1980s adopted a report which qualified their war against hero and the non general of the 20th century. so it's almost 40 years on record. that's also remember that after world war one retreat, north side took away the german economy risk. the argument that german colonial policy is quantified as symbolizes. now, as the risk of being assuming cynical, but the terms of reparation are actually decided

by those who have the power of the physicians and not why those who read the meaning that are in railroad as a non mark web. i had a charm. but at the roadside treaty, the other colonial powers dealt with germany as one of the colonial powers which was repeated. but for obvious reasons, they did not impose reparations on germany for the colonial was his fight. the effect that they pointed to the colonial prophecy. professor clark, when i'll take an agreement back, i'll just bring you in on this whole issue of reparations and how colonial pals deal with each other. and also this issue of the un where it stands in a more than 21st century. i mean, i think one of the things that you and has been emphasizing in the last 10 years also is that especially in many parts of africa,

colonialism in many ways didn't die. the neo colonialism of these european actors is also very important. it's not only about european states dealing with things, but happened in the colonial period. it's also about how they relate to african states. today i've been doing trade on equal terms of development packages formulated according to the needs of local people, as opposed to power break is in, in european capitals. that this whole issue about the colonizing isn't only about doing redress events 10503050 years ago. it's, it's also about more equal relationships to die. and i think that is something that many european states, even though that you and pressure are still very reluctant to engage with, certainly one to watch and certainly a very interesting development, certainly for southern africa. unfortunately, we have to leave the program, but it's been a fascinating speaking to all of you. i'm sure will be revisiting the subject in the not too distant future to my guess. penner brock in wind hawk heading melba of

sala in sweden and to professor phil clark. in london, thank you so much for joining me on this edition of inside story. and thank you for watching as well. now you can see all of our previous programs again, anytime by visiting our website out there, a dot com for further discussion. go to our facebook page, and that's facebook dot com forward slash a j inside story. now you can also join the conversational twitter handle there is at a j inside story from me and the inside story team. thanks very much for your time and your company. ah, news news, news news

hello still to host world leaders at a u. k. coastal town for the 2021 g 7, summit corona virus, vaccines and carbon emissions will be high on the agenda. but with roster in china out of the loop, how much progress can be made in tackling the global issues of our time. the g 7 summit on al jazeera, i was wrong to keep children away from their parents and hurt them into a school against their will. there was no mother, no father fingers. they put us in a big playroom and we certainly look after ourselves. i don't remember the children's names, but i'll never forget. canada's dark secret on al jazeera, the discover

a world of difference determination. i am coming down. we are moving the freedom plan. so 16 people, corruption and compassion, the al jazeera world, a selection of the best films from across our network of channels. the, the, ah, knowledge is here. with every ah, all. when the news break, some had been waiting for more than 12 hours, but was hospital out of beds and oxygen when people need to be her 70 percent of the people here are in dead many for trying to find food. and the story needs to be

told. there's no safety in my country. how can i go back there and live with exclusive into the we are fighting against the military. so i'll just 0 had teams on the going to reward winning documented and live news. ah, hello to clock into the top stories here in algebra and the united states is called on central americans considering traveling north in such a better life to stay at home. vice president commer harris is in guatemala, where she met the countries needed to address the spike and migration of white house correspondent, kimberly, how can reports? now? guatemala city in guatemala national palace. us vice president, comma le harris issued a blank message to central american migrants look.