lend and russia. it formed what's called a ring of fire when the moon casts a shadow, one earth by blocking sunlight, the upper regions of north america, europe and asia experienced a partially clips of or crescent sun because the sun, moon, and earth are not perfectly lined up while the next total solar eclipse is due to take place in december that it looks amazing. more on the web site, al jazeera dot com. ah, and now the top stories on al jazeera, the un is warning 350000 people are either living in or facing famine in ethiopia as war torn at t gray region, a group say the 2000000 people have been displaced from the fighting. and crops and livestock have mostly been looted, destroyed or slaughtered. the us and vassar to the un has criticize the security

council for not taking the situation in p gray more seriously. it's time for the security council to have a public meeting on this issue. it's time for the counsel to take meaningful action to address the crisis. and it's time for the ethiopian government to respond responsibly to request for humanitarian access to in the fighting and hold those accountable for the violations that have occurred. it's time for the broader international communities to step up to and prevent another famine. well, earlier i spoke to hubie from vassar to the united nations. pi ask is philosophy m there who rejects the analysis and says that government isn't blocking aid to the region. but it's being delayed by security checks. we've heard it's clear and loud this morning, wasn't there? linda has said, we're not party to the meeting. but in general, what we said,

city that we had. some are trying to play the role of a gut, a savior. we need to support buzzed on dignity and respect. the u. s. s. purchasing half a 1000000000 cove in 1900 vaccine doses for lower income countries, vowing that the u. s. will be the quote, our central a vaccines in the fight against corona virus. president joe biden made the announcement ahead of the g 7 summit. he says, the move will supercharge the global fight against the pandemic. and israeli court has postpone the hearing in the case the for palestinian families facing forced expulsion from their homes and said one neighbourhood in occupied eastern. those are the headlines. the stream is next discussing china's new 3 child policy and they'll have more news for you in half an hour. thanks for watching. bye bye. mm.

ah. for me, okay, you're watching the stream, today's episode birth control in china. and by that, i mean, the recent change in policy from to child policy to a 3 child policy, both rates are dropping in china, the number of elderly in the population is going up could allowing families to have up to 3 children with no penalties. could that be the solution? i was asking me that question. if you knew you can answer it and also post some questions to the guest. be part of today show me and i victor hello. yeah. hello

iga i nice to see you. welcome to the string, vic, to introduce yourself to our global audience. tell them who you are watching. hi, my name is speak to you. i'm a political scientists currently working as a visiting scholar at the university of cambridge center for research in social sciences and humanities. nice to have our entities herself to the audience phase. hi, i'm dr. here you see me. electra international development. i work at kings college london, u. k. and welcome back to the streaming e. get the law from ego as we were talking about a change to job policy. and that was added an extra kid. so lovely to have you back in ego, remind our audience who you are and what you do. hi, friends, over the world. i'm good though. i'm right now a lot of people are up to the ology and global gender studies at the university,

new york buffalo and i work on gender care work and social reproduction. china, i guess i'm really curious about your reaction when you heard about this new child policy, ega use dot right? time really fast. last time i was interview interview with about the fact to help us the 5 years ago. and i vaguely recall, i meant 2 point. one is not going to work that the policy of one child should not be in the 1st place in this kind of population engineering. it's really not the way to go out. you should really like people to make the vision and that will actually work better. you really want the population aging problem and i have the right. yeah, you're right, congratulations. are being right. thank you for coming back and reminding us about that. yeah, let me show you this. this is a we bu, po, it didn't stay online for very long because the answers went very,

appreciate it. are you ready for the 3 child policy people and we're, we're, we're, we're all set. can't wait 1233 response. it's on the agenda and less hesitating. many problems. a weight consideration. ok. not quite ready for the big family yet. completely out of the question 24000 votes. shocked or not shockey and not at all. i think it was to reach our policy. has if it's a policy works, it means it was to have a comic effect. which being chinese citizens are making lightly, not taking the birth control policy seriously anymore. if we say to child policy, i mean credibility over kind of bream is not tell jack paul, the big probably on 3 child policy is a joke. i'm going to show you this chart and victor for our audience as well. so

we're looking this. the orange columns here for the year is $950.00 to 2020. this is how the population in china has grown and is growing. and then the red line here, the birth rate between the sixties and seventies, it went up and then lower and lower and lower and lower victor. that the graph that's the, that's the dry bit. what does that mean in reality? in china? what could you see right now where you can see how the population is declining, the birthright in particular is declining. well, i can, i can see that china is going true and expect the experience that is kind of common in east asia. it compares a china, we have a relatively similar experience in it's demographics of ease of use, south korea and japan. so today in china, i, if i'm not wrong the, that the average of both is about $1.00. but in south

korea, it's 1 point one. oh, $1.00 and in japan is around $1.00. so as the countries modernize us and the cost of living increases, you will see that the network that in the, for the, for the people in the, in the country to have small and smaller families because of the cost of living. while the stresses of more modern life, et cetera. so this is something that we should expect and it's not something that is very surprising. really. one of the, i all, yes. got it. yeah. yeah. i did. one more point. her point is that is exactly the number one driving back her to the floor down the population. growth is actually modernization, industrialization. people have better quality and the size will have your children . but in china, one more historical factor is that during the 7 late seventy's,

the eighty's they meet calculated how fast the population would grow. and so they implemented the historically most restrict the restrictive power policy, which is one child which is necessary because you're right, actually industrialization took place. they should, people would actually have reviewed the number of children they, they are. do you regard as on what the they help them to do, but now because of faith in corporate. so my thing people mind people will be even lack property and worries them because they're so they're fed up with the what the they have to tell them to let me show you this. it's an ad from china's one child policy era. it's always the opposite of where we are right now. if you have one child, you are prosperous to children. well,

that's pretty stressful. 3 children terrify look at that, that, that, that can even look the same kids and the mom, that was the adverb to say, have one child. one child is going to be better for you. you're going to be rich, you're, you're going to do well. and now what do you see argument for saying you should have 3 children. how can you go from prosperous to terrifying and tell china's families and people who may be having a kids that, that the terrifying is now a good idea. i completely agree with a good point. i think the chinese government, we've calculated its audience. so now let's talk about who these families are. so these family, the particular women, man, the what children with one child policy that different from the modernization perspective. this one child generation children to watch how generation have more education than before, particularly for women or me,

particularly for women. they had really high more education than previous generation. my previous women you know, this kind of a very important factor need to be considered a while when they had more education, they're more likely to be to take part in professional jobs. so it's a complete difference kind of it expect the patients and also we need to also want to chinese family, want to have more children in the past and was the communist party miss played the called a big family. so in the traditionally speaking chinese family, one big family for particularly for boys, for old age security. before with age a care having a boys have much higher rates of returns. but when we kind of kind of flip the, the norm having more children actually become economically liability for individual families. cannot guarantee economic return. the cost of education,

cost of child care. it's so high. and you know, more than families in the future, families do not to rely on but their children to provide. * old age. so this kind of quote, a cultural leg between, you know, the big family, nostalgic, big family, you know, and contemporary, you know, and zaya to, among younger family. you know, open families. it is kind of a big leg between norms and reality. i want to bring in another saw gap and this is from jason john. and i wondering what happens if you've had decades and decades of being told the one child or, or maybe even 2 children, is the limit and in your head, that is what you will told. so jason, a was a 2nd child at a time when you weren't allowed to have a 2nd child without paying a penalty. and her mom hits her. she was a secret child. have

a listen to her experience and then i'd love to come off the back of jason story because there's 2nd child in my family. my mom was just hard at the time when she was pregnant with me. she escaped so many times when the inspector came. she has hiding the mountain forest on the roof. her inside too would desperately influence the baby. so i am the person who was easy and just under the one child policy and most people were thing that one cow is normal. but the other children they're kind of that it has also influenced me. so the 3rd child policy has a lot of criticism. yeah, i think both what the me and yeah talking about is quite true. and i think what

really happened in the eighty's are 3 different thing number. why is that the rack, the cost of the harsh policy? i what you just heard about a rural and the women suffer from both, either losing their baby and going under the 4th. the 3rd rate of origin and war having a 2nd child with social calling from in a much that's what happened is in the weather to implement those 2000 idea to the population. the fate a started campaign for everybody that your children not only means that it's a right thing to do, but actually a better way to go be company. you want to invite to all your report that you're single child. i myself, a product of that. i don't all the attention and all the privileges as an urban thing. oh child. and which is a high but i can fax locking now,

which it every family believes that a strategy and the way to invest intensively in your children by sending them to expose the actual, your activities, expand the piano violence, you know, are classes that really reach to the cart racing a single one that make affording 3 capital. and the thing i want to measure, you knew about that conflict. when the women also have the idea is deal in their mind. that is being the only women. my family is a great thing. i carried both them about the white undergrad from my family and they empowered to the point that now women do not want to get married or have a baby so that they can focus on their which i think is a 100 concert one. but in a good way to go ahead. well i, i think the gender imbalance in china now doesn't really quite help things. if i'm

not roamed a lot more men than they are women. so the more i believe it. yeah. so this is going forward. i think this is one of the, the biggest challenges that the face. but having said that when the government announced the policy, i thought he was timely. it's timely because, i mean, i'm a political scientist though i look closely with states do. and to be honest, this what the chinese are doing now, chinese government doesn't really matter what into it it's, it's probably covered in negatively in the west and press doesn't matter whether this is demographic policy or economic policy. but the very fact of the matter is that in east asia, i think all, all the governments and in singapore as well, the governments more intervention east and the in, in the west. so at this point in time, i think, you know, most people say, well, it's a little too late to little too late, but i think it's better late than never because the project,

the negative consequences associated with this aging population is actually potentially very serious. what was happening? well, i don't know, it really depends on how this thing plays out, but at the rate things are going, it's looking likely that the, the chinese people will be producing enough for them. so. so if we want to look at what happened, we just have to look at what's happening in south korea cutting. that's what you took about came resources like you have to have you please in order to have workers . is that what you're saying? well that in china will not have workers in was 30 years time 40 years time will. i think they will face a big problem in terms of getting enough workforce, but they will also, but remember the workers also consumers and consumers and consumers. also the income tax payers. so if going forward, we, if you have a big aging population and if china, by its own definition as a socialist country,

so you will have problems in terms of collecting enough text to find the place where they can make off the waiting to happen. i have some huge questions you get, i'm going to get you to for an instant on another law, not submit an instant one. so this is what squid squid. hobo nice handle. more workplace discrimination for women will naturally follow sadly. yay, agree, disagree, thoughts? so we can repeat the question yes. this youtube is expecting that there will be more workplace discrimination for women. it's a yes or no question. so the thought for the creature policy wind to introduce is course reach our policy and related policy measures. and one of the, the key measure used to address the workplace based discrimination. so we can expect certain changes my answer would be,

sorry, i have of maybe you agree, this would be family? yes. more discrimination because i don't the, in anytime those measure corresponding measure it will be implemented because because trying to hadn't really aggress ongoing, sexual harassment in the workplace and labor market b combination based on gender yet. so i cannot imagine, and that will be, or brett and you look at korea and japan, women, their faith, the problem in their life course, there you curve, they joined the labor market before marriage. and you know, having children band power plant, you're being a homemaker. and then return to the workplace. and is that what's going to happen next to china? i think that's the bull and gender discrimination. i will never bring in a jackie wind, yankee. why is a china research if a human rights watch have

a listen to her quaint, and then we'll discuss it. if the chinese government really wants chinese people to have more children, have to commit to spend the money. so, parenting become 1st of all, and affordable that don't include freak how to care and education, easy access to housing, to health care. also, the government need to enforce and gender discrimination laws in the workplace. so women in china can have children at the same time, have a fulfilling career everyone. i completely, i agree with. yeah, completely was interviewed 82 women born in the 98 is the 1st generation of one child policy. and they share with me a lot of stories about workplace based them splashing as practices from pregnancy q, which means you have to have permission formula employer to get pregnant. and then

to present the child wearing related discrimination is called a diminished capability. the capacity is called baby brain. you know, the employers use pregnancy and child where re to take responsibility from women and the to start line. the promotions. the women fail, this kind of motherhood penalties, not just the financial terms, and also translated into opportunity cost. which is obviously this conversation that we keep talking about women, but it's not, we mean by themselves who are making piece of paper. it was of over, they're not doing it by themselves. i want to, one of the challenges might be if it the 3 child policy in the to child policy and the child policy. it's about whether you are a family and if you are married, what if that restriction was lifted? do you think people be more enthusiastic?

while i was making a job with one of my friends, i said, i told my friends that if they were married from the, from the, from the legislation, there is a chance that this might, will actually work better. i'm not saying that it's going to what i mean, that's what i'm saying, demographically. then i think well then again, you know, i might be accused of chauvinism and whatnot. so it's not a direction that it's not something that uncomfortable discussing in public. but having said that, i think what the, the lady in the clip just now said it's actually true. and i've been thinking along the lines of what she was being was, she's been saying, one of the things that i think the trying to chinese government could actually do is actually to put in a more robust legal framework to protect the rights of women. i work in the united kingdom for about 10 years in london. and one of the things i notice is that my, my female colleagues of the, you know, they go on maternity leave for quite, quite

a period. it's not a short period. i was, i think it was the wrong fall for 6 months or something like that. and i was really surprised because back home we, we don't actually a caught this kind of privilege to the, to the, to the ladies who go maternity leave. i think it's just one or 2 months. so i was very, very impressed. the 2nd thing that the chinese government could actually consider is perhaps a peca the, the fundamental issue to do with this. and that is the cost of leaving. if the, the, if the demographic policy could be in some way, are linked to the cost of living adjustments, i think it will be more successful if the chinese government could actually link it to see the housing policy. so if you have more than trees. sure. and perhaps you can actually have some sort of subsidy to with your mortgage or to with the kind of housing that he's being available made available to you. i think this might

actually see some that the government may actually see some success if this is actually linked. one more, i don't think, i don't think i would agree with your point. so i think this is exactly the wrong direction for beauty or inclusive and john john to get barian society chinese at the cross road to become a where it to be a carrying country is that they're just pushing people working harder. and this is gotten opportunity to invest in a child care, old age, a care to, to invest in care infrastructure. rather than, you know, we purpose of the old one child policy set up, which means pay and the punishment, you know, you find in fact go through to you. you people have more babies and the punish those who don't. i think you live in the way we don't agree

or disagree you to change public good rather. that right. i do use the money to incentivize individual family to have more children. i think about the really wrong direction. oh, we do not actually disagree. i think we are talking about the carrots and i, i agree totally with you that the chinese government should make things more inclusive for everybody. and i think that's my point. if you l u, v, the economic suffering associated with more having more children, people will have the, will have less consideration to have a bigger family. that's why i'm saying i, you know, i have my friends around me the or complain about how expensive it is. and most of the time they were, they only if they can make enough. they would like to have 2 or 3. and ultimately the conversation revolves around how much money you make and whether they can afford to give the children. so if they can afford to send the 1st kid say to ok,

so they want to be able to send the 2nd kid to cambridge. why do you know if i want them to money, right? why do we need to send children to all folks? why can't we just say, well, you know, appreciate their own talent. you do, you have children, you have children, you have to 20 year old toys and you don't, you don't want your child to go to the most amazing university allegedly in the world. is that what i want it to be? to be a chef? that's my practical. all right, so our practices, ega, i think, was 56 years ago. you were on the stream. this is, this is, this is a one sentence answer from you. you on the stream and we all said you will the to child policy, what he's, i know it's not going to what will the 3 child policy work? no, no i, i think before the government, beverly,

invest the entire infrastructure. i especially with all those no markets solutions like a public spending cuz i all agree with. yeah, that i think the market solution and i could getting individual, even more money like the fact that the government care infrastructure and general martinez, the other part actually parental leave. not maternity. a light of the northern countries like we did the walk. they asked the both the father and mother to take the advantage the father don't use the opportunity it will you buyer. yeah, that's not really a great way. thank way of promoting that are parity. yes, thank you. yeah, thank you victor. thank you so much for talking about china's new 3 child policy. appreciate you. thank. if you choose comments and questions, i will see you next time. take everybody ah

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