in japan would go a long way to preserving his beloved craft. can you tell me? well, of course, out of everything i can to prevent this tradition from dying out, but i can't do it on my own. the whole society must cherish this heritage. consider a precious and love it, a craft whose mastery is hard earned and that could easily be lost. robin bride al jazeera john to south korea. ah, now the top stories on al jazeera, the hard line candidate, abraham racy, has been declared. the winner of iran's presidential election a widely anticipated result after other a strong contenders were barred from running a c one, nearly 62 percent of the vote, but turn out was low with less than 50 percent of eligible people actually voting. this was largely attributed to

a lack of enthusiasm for the election and the pandemic. very c takes office in august and promises to work closely with the former leader. her son was supposed to shut down the us and i'd like to offer my gratitude to the very dear honorable and vigilant people. i thank the almighty god for the dear people's trust. in the serving seminary student, i hope i can respond well to the people's confidence votes unkindness. during my term, was amnesty international is renewing calls for the president to like to be investigated for crimes against humanity. when he was serving as a deputy prosecutor more than 30 years ago, there was an inquiry into the role that racy played in the executions of about 5000 political prisoners in 1988. iran is never acknowledge the mass executions and racy is never publicly addressed allegations about his role a military force in libya, loyal to warlord tale for half tire,

says it's taking control of border crossings with julia and declared it a military zone on thursday. half that announced an operation of the area to expel was described as african mercenaries and the extremist fighters. the corona virus best toll in brazil has passed 500000 protests through there are demanding the impeachment of president tradable scenario over his handling of the pandemic. thousands of march demanding more current of factions. both scenario was fined last week for not wearing a mask at a rally in cell power and any bullet outbreak that started in se guinea in february has been declared over 16 people were infected. 12 of them died during the outbreak in guineas 2nd largest city because of the headline villas, sitting post phase length, looking at the banning of twitter by nigeria. ah,

ah. ah, caring and jerry, we have a gun. operate house has been putting down spot right. some painters and diplomat says a gag shopping of the bird has been time and for now. hopefully that does not damage the unity of the country. alarm richard gilbert in europe, the listening post where we don't cover the news, we cover the way the news is covered. here are the media stories we're examining this week. nigeria, the tweet from the president account that ended up getting twitter back right across the country. election day, you now jerry, the government is feeling the heat on the street. it's responses to arrest

journalists and take a broadcaster off the air. stereotypes then, and now, postcards from the colonial era that shaped perceptions of africa. and it's people anders exposing the film industry. the shame and revise you undergo the ritual g, germany, and some of the stereotypes, it cannot resist to this very day. we begin with africa, the most populous country, nigeria, $200000000.00 plus a market with the most internet users on the continent. 2 weeks ago, the government led by former military man mohammed doable harry put an indefinite ban on twitter. a platform used by roughly 40000000 citizens. the ban was announced just after twitter had deleted a tweet by the president himself, but violated the company's rules on abusive behavior. there was some threatening language in there aimed at secessionist in the south. nigeria is 2 years away from its next national election,

a country wide movement hash tagged and stars out to stop police brutality. that's put the bu, hardy government, on the defensive. and twitter has been central to that story for organizers, activists, and the journalists covering them. members of the bu, hardy government have long warned of the dangers of social media. now it's reportedly looking to china, the architect of the great firewall for ideas on how to bring critical voices under government control. our starting point this week as my jury is biggest said lagos, ah, to understand how twitter has come to the band in nigeria, you have to start with the history. i the civil war, 50 years ago, over the region of by african, the war crimes that were committed, the humanitarian catastrophe that unfold. then at in the recent flare ups and power struggles in that same area of the country. that's part of the context. and that is

why president mohammed dupel hardy's tweet, the one that warned his opponent, that those of us who went through the war will treat them in the language they understand was so offense, in that area, kicking about treating people in the language. the understanding is like to have the demo government talking about the it's like the which was the season one day talking about the genocide the happen back. do you mean that the women that were rip, that's the band with band. do you mean the estimate that 3000000 people that were killed during the war on the language on the band with withers response was not to block the president's account or to band to hurry from the platform. just deleted his tweet for violating its policy on abusive behavior. then harris government and

blocked winter criminalized it's use for the 40000000 nigerians who have accounts for what it called undermining nigeria as corporate existing. to have allowed to do, you might be more to the gratian bridge to we just miss. and andrea is very suspect. what is the agenda with that old is what is that kid down to green? who's got to looking for getting if not, if the government have never been happy the feedback i need to integrate

it when i get you and i've been with this but i got it with the hat and the right of the people to expression. it's a front of the on the freedom of the press. the suspicion of twitter in i j is not about twitter. it's not even only about social media. it's about the online civic space, which is the last standard, civic space for nigerians and government wants to control the space. secondly, this is very clear in about ends of protest up to about 2020. that is where the government's antagonistic relationship with twitter was defined with the end stars movement that people late last year and mobilizing the sars was a police unit. the special anti robberies notorious for its extra judicial killing of young nigeria and for its culture of corruption. and the stars movement was

built around the fact that it was leaving the central and largely because of twitter. it was everywhere, faces approaches that were trying to do pretty who am i don't work on any of your things leading to an international outcry. but this is the biggest put this and that s b i wasn't going to be by on our platform. if will you voice to express the good nice. i mean, what fire in the to put this when government said so just to be a few what guess what? every 5th of the month, you know, you go about to talk about will happen on the nice level to watch. the put that government thought the cute for simply by said it's got to be so good. you still alive. the reason why the protest really hit the government is because they're not

used to this kind of yeah, they used to protest what is a leader that they can reach out to maybe brian b r os, maybe intimidate, but this time that wasn't a little water. us, it wasn't a bite over there with pockets of the nice us across the country. that doesn't what i put into the playbook of control and manipulation. so it's definitely, it's definitely about the pettiness of getting back up to top me. twitter has also been an active critical space for nigerians unhappy with their government's handling of a struggling economy and the president's inability to quell the secessionist movement in the south. the ban on the platform lead to a fresh round approach. and while nigeria, news outlets are able to cover the band has robbed of an importance to the media. not all print and online outlets are complying with the ban on tweeting many or

simply define broadcasters are different. nigeria is broadcasting regulator, the nbc has warned channels that ignoring the band would cost them their license to operate. the nbc has been direct apples you by your neck and tells you, went to greet. i went to the general kind of vision for instance. they have about 4500000 for the was on tweet. that immediately is taught when the announcement happens, because we don't want to be fight on it all on their life. and since we've drawn by doing business is awesome. this enough business is promoting. what online, talking to customers online and the tech sector helped and julia, one of the, the session most recently. so it was very weird that nigeria will then doing this a lot thought about the long term impact of what you've done, you know, on this particular place sector that helped rescue nigeria from extension. oh,

there are 130000000 nigerians age, 18 or younger. it is a huge tech savvy demographic that's been circumventing the twitter ban, sending search engines into overdrive looking for vps. the bu, hardy government does not mince words on the dangers it sees in the digital space. late last year, at the height of the end, the stars unrest. information minister lie mohammed told a parliamentary committee that if we don't regulate social media, it will destroy us. this past week, it was reported that mohammed met with the cyberspace administration of china, which overseas the great firewall. we asked him about that and whether china is now with devising nigeria on its approach to social media. roblis i'm, i just closed my port, but i never had it in making it. so we put the question another way is china's

regulatory approach a model the bu hurry, government wants for nigeria. we're open to could operation from any part of the wood. i don't know how far they've gone, but i do know that it was there was contact with china about building an infinite firewall. i'm if as a government you place it back to you want to white people off to people, circumvented by the d p. and you're not going to sit down and you understand that the effective if i, while it's quite an extremely expensive, i know the chinese government very well and where they have interest, they don't mind even saying, you know what, let's funded for you guys. and that's where i think all my jerry and need to because the problem is not the fit, national. you need the,

the best and i just copy asked what to do with it would cover not everyone who cares about the cares about it right here this month. than the next 2 years of the government will be for what people turning to algeria now and a historic moment. the 1st parliamentary elections there since former president i've done these beautifully, was ousted in 2019. flo phillips is here with the latest starting with how the authorities tighten the screws on the press. just before building day, which richard is coming, they promised they would never do just 48 hours before the polls opened. security services arrested 2 well known journalists color, dra, runny, found at the website. caspar tribune and f. l caught the director of media outlets . radio m and margaret and joe close out that to being critical of the government

and the pair have been targeted before. and kathy's outlets have been blocked numerous times for supposedly insulting the president and drove any with any release from prison this past february, after 11 months behind bars for undermining national security. in this case, they were released one day later, but they were out of the reporting mix for a crucial 24 hour period. which sounds tactical. exactly. and you've got to remember that runny and cardi on their outlets were threatened to prominence. 2 years ago that coverage of the mass protest movement, iraq, that ended beautifully cars, 20 years and power. and that iraq movement has been back on the streets, protesting many of the same issues that they did in 2019 corruption military will, the lack of free speech. this time, however, they were also calling on algerians to boycott the election. so the government saying with these arrests with quite clear stop opposition media from getting the word out on the boy called. but the authorities plan didn't exactly pan out the

vote to turn out was very low, just 30 percent and that's the official number. that's the domestic media. what about reporting from the outside? they care about that too? they do, and it's probably got something to do with the fact that i want anyone to know about the low voter turnout just a day off to the election. the ministry for communication decided to suspend the broke was license for the international news channel, france 24. now the official reason given was quote, clear and repeated hostility towards algeria on its institutions. and this goes back to another historic grievance. france, $24.00 is owned by the french government, which has repeatedly rejected requests from algiers for some kind of official recognition or apology for the atrocities that were committed by france during that period of colonial will. now this past january president macro said that there will be quote, no repentance and no apology. the algerian government was equally unapologetic when

it took from 24 of the banks. in the late 19th century, there was a form of mass media, a visual one, the pre dated television by about 50 years. and he guesses as to what that medium was. postcards, postcards were a european media phenomenon. the photos let people see the world without leaving their home. and like many modern forms of media, they were visual cheap and relatively easy to distribute. but it was the era of colonialism, and postcards were also a means of asserting racial superiority. photographers were sent with colonizers to take pictures of what they saw, sometimes of what they wanted to see, from the most mundane aspects of life to some disturbing images of colonial brutality. the european powers went home long ago, but the stereotypes in those images continue to shape perceptions of africa today. listening posts target can offer now on the legacy of postcard from days gone by.

the very 1st now to fix a post card as a kind of have dish app from holidays, right? sort of wish you were here to family and friends. they were in their own day a new media craze. they were produced specifically to construct a particular image of africa and african scramble for africa occurred 880 fourish where you were p in power is basically carved up different parts of africa to colonized. part of that process was to somehow justify colonization. why one nation would take over another nation. they sent missionaries, they sent auditions, and they sent photographers, people with the cameras. i'm going to dictate how we see who we think we're seeing

what we think we're seeing. and so i think that's part of what makes those images so dangerous. images that show europe civilizing mission. men wanted it to be seen. the monuments of empire courthouses churches, ports and train stations. and local. those in need of civilizing photography was a major component of european colonialism. in the late 19th and early 20th century was the golden age of postcards, an early form of mass media. the images taken by an assortment of commercial photography with missionaries as no defense and convenient administrators were printed and posted back home billions of time shaken. you're a few of africa and the orient. they come under 3 very new

themes, the kind of highly sexualized eroticized woman, you know, arab woman or african woman, bare chested, often posed in the suggestive way. the other theme would be africans, as servers, you know, always in a kind of domesticated state, servants, to colonial administrators or missionaries or military personnel. and then the 3rd, the african savage, you know, african warriors, a savage as uncivilized not to be trusted me. this is nigeria and it's titled ego hunter is with guns. and this was a very common type showing sort of the barbarity or the factory of, of africans and particularly as hunters. and so this particular image is basically just showing them in their everyday coding. and you can see that it's actually been

stage to some extent because you have 2 individuals on either side who are kneeling and sort of looking directly at the camera. so the and understanding of cooperation and collaboration between this dimension photographers carefully selected both objects and mess around for those in the business offending credit cards. there was a commercial interest in making images that tantalize, or in some ways fit into a preexisting by. you can see that clearly in images from frances colonial encounter with north africa faced with women who did not conform with their exotic fantasy photographer something made up photo that did. ah, they had this mythology of algerians is kind of over sexualized. they had the image of the hair in their mind, but when they arrived, the algerians with nothing like the french had imagined them. many of the women

were bailed or covered. and so they were inaccessible to the photographer's gaze. they ended up hiring people to act as models. they set up studios. they asked the women to pose in the way that the colonizers had imagined those people. then they produced postcards and sent them back to france to say, this is what these people are like. and they need our help. this isn't damage occur, mercifully driven business. and it was photographers, people running photographic studios that were looking for cards that they could sell, they could sell cheaply. all these post carpet assistant, photographers were copying each other. they were ruthless and stealing other people's ideas and images. so this is the way in which she generous kind of reproduce themselves over time. all the lands, as they depicted in the police, gone so long since one their independence, but the cultural impact, the stain of the imagery lives own. you can trace the link between depictions of

black and brown bodies today, and the often degrading and orientalist depictions of the colonial period. then like now, the bodies of those deemed in some way, more likely to show up in the media, starving, destitute, naked, or dead. the only body that we see in the media are usually brown and black bodies from other countries that ends up producing vision of the world where violence is something that happens elsewhere to nameless victims. i used to think that something about being an american was the reason that we didn't see american bodies in the media. but then i saw michael brown's body on the front page of the new york times and he's an american. so it seems to me that there's something different operating that for us to ask questions about whose bodies are made visible, whose bodies are hidden and why and what works as images do. the continuing visions or images of kind of black death and trauma,

has definitely continued from the past. those images are enduring. if you have no association with the person as a human being, when that humanity is removed, it's easier to think about that person as, as, as an object. almost like a scientific, you know, object. there is no agency, there is no humanity. there are layers to these postcards, they tell us a lot about the colonial mindset and, and the time before photos appeared in newspapers, they also serve as a form of photo journalism. but to many of these images stripped the subject of humanity, they are the visual expression of a racial hierarchy. today, pictures like the 4th of confront how those who put themselves who peria, constructed an image of those deemed the we examining and critiquing. these

postcards really helps us understand the nuances of history. the postcards themselves moved through so many different facets of life at the time, whether it's the post office or through colonial offices right through the hands of everyday citizens. these were artifacts that really made it into every niche of life. and so we really should understand them as artifacts of our histories, tangible objects that have come through history with us. me. people have talked a lot about half photoshop or video manipulation has introduced the possibility that images can be doctored or falsified. but what these colonial photographs show is that they've always been doctored and falsified. they've always been put to political use. and it's our jobs become viewers who are more critical and better able to see what they actually show,

which is the violence of the colonial vision to become viewers capable of looking past the margins and rescuing the information that that is there, that we are trained not to look at all and finally, a more contemporary form of stereotyping hollywood style. the movie industry liens heavily on stereotypes, wherever those films are set. but directors tend to lose the plot completely when they're detecting the global self, suddenly the cellulose takes on a c p. attent shem manic ritual. t is served, and the lama call to prayer turns into the unofficial soundtrack. this next kick talk by stand up comedian content creator finley. christie captures a few of those stereotypes and more in just 40 seconds. here's bedding, but you can't watch this video without having a few pretty well known films. come to mind with the next time here at the

listening post and then get it done, professor, where's the video? gem, shame. and it was, you undergo the ritual to sit around and get their money to the local to pay them to be in the other american said my aspect, and it's been a pretty hearing i was using just to say now that may take you through a busy buffer market and then a low ceiling house would be instead of a front door news news

something was going to change as anything really changed. this is just demick violent that needs to be addressed at its core. we are in a race against the barrier and know what to say. so we are all saying we're looking at the world as it is right now, not the world. we like it to be. the devil is always going to be in the details. the bottom line, when i was just there on ah, which is here. when ever you, ah, oh frank assessments, schools and shelters of been reduced to rubble. how do you think the shapes, the generation and the politics that life has been shipped? why vitamin them called inside story on our jazeera talk to al jazeera, we can the army were attacking ringo,

and now they're attacking everyone in me on monday you regret words like that? we listen, absolutely. nigeria with a woman present, it would be great. we meet with global news makers and talk about the stories that matter on sera, on march, 15th, 2019 zealand security, which, when 51 people, was shot dead into christ church. another 40 wounded. when a gunman began shooting at a christ church, moth, it was checked with worship and attending the friday service for those who lost loved ones finding ways to deal with the trauma. crucial. she gave me and she asked me, what was mom? i told her mom was with me 4 months later, i feel much quiet and i feel much more calm and really focused with my life. let us

love one love doesn't close to lunch and makes your heart happier. my heart, if he doesn't bring any loss for a new symbol, let us practice this. ah, hello am barbara sarah london. these are the top stories on al jazeera, the hardline candidate, abraham racy, has been declared the winner of iran's presidential election. a widely anticipated result after other strong contenders were barred from running. gracie won nearly 62 percent of the vote, but turn out was low. with less than 50 percent of eligible voters actually go into the polls. this was largely attributed to a lack of enthusiasm for the election and the pandemic.