we celebrate world refugee de promoted by the united nations with the theme together we, he'll learn and shine. let us open our hearts refugees. let us make our own their sorrows enjoys, let us learn from their courageous resilience. and so, altogether we grow into a mo humane community. one big family. ah . and now the top stories on al jazeera, iran's only nuclear power plant, has been shut down for what's being described as emergency reasons. the head of the state energy company says the shut down of the boucher plant could last 4 days with possible power outages. in several cities. there had been warnings. the plant could stop working because iran had been unable to buy maintenance parts due to us sanctions. how about all it has been announced in the news and you might have had

to the nuclear share of power has been subject to an emergency shut down, which will last for 3 to 4 days. it was shut down yesterday. when you lose a 1000 megawatts of your plans capacity, the likelihood of blackouts will rise. meanwhile, israel's new prime minister has condemned the when the in the rounds presidential election by abraham racy after li bennett says it should serve as a red flag for world powers working to revive the nuclear deal. rate selection is i would say the last chance for the world powers to wake up before returning to the nuclear agreement and to understand who they're doing business with these guys are murder, mass murderers, a regime of brutal aim and never be allowed to weapons of mass destruction that will enable enough to kill 1000 millions poles in armenia, parliamentary election of clothes than ballads are being counted. the country 2nd

slap election in just 3 years. prime minister nico for she never called a vote and a from he faced months of protests for losing territory to as a, by john, and they're going to come back during a weeks long conflict last year. opinion polls suggest the election rate will be tight with preliminary results expected. on monday, i rode that links eastern and western libya is reopening after many years. the 2 parts of the country were under the control of rival administrations. after the fall of long time ruler, more market, duffy in 2011, the reopening was one of the conditions of the cease fire agreement or former you and chief bank key moon is our guest on talk to al jazeera that's coming up. next, i'm going to have more news for you in just under half an hour. see you then. bye bye. news.

news. news. ah. ah. he's devoted much of his life to diplomacy. bank moon showing south korea is foreign service in 1970. and since then, he's worked and traveled the world and began his successful diplomatic career in new delhi before ending up in multiple posts from soul to washington to vienna. in 2004 bank honeymoon served as south korea's foreign minister until 2006. when he declared his candidacy to replace kofi and then was the head of the united nations, the general assembly elected him as the secretary general in october that year

beginning his term in january 2007. the challenges he faced were many from iran and north korea's nuclear programs, conflicts in the middle east and the threat of global warming. some of the main objectives the un achieved during bands tenure include, setting up the 2030 sustainable development goals. the paris climate change agreement and the creation of us women and entity working for women's empowerment. after 2 turns back left office and was replaced by antonio, good terrace. in 2017. but many of the issues he face still remain. so what can the united nations do to have a bigger impact and effect global change in his new book resolves united nations in a divided world ban reflects on the role of his former organization in today's multifaceted society, facing many challenges. the foremost secretary general, the united nations bank moon talks to al jazeera ah

bank key moon, former secretary general of the united nations. now the deputy chair of the elders, thank you for talking to alex and sarah. you have a new book out. we'll come to that in a moment, but 1st let me take you back to the end of your decade as the secretary general of the un secretary general right up until the end of 2016. some people might say you dodged a bit of a bullet by the date of your departure because your successor, antonio good terrace, took off his on the 1st of january. he only had 20 days before another important world leader took office, the leader of the most powerful economy on earth. and that was donald j. trump. he was someone who didn't really agree much with international cooperation. some might say he didn't agree with the un system or you relieved you didn't have to deal with

president trump in there. we got the person that is speaking. i was relieved because i i was not supposed to deal with him. but what had happened during present trumps for years time, as a former separate gentleman, i was at the pre concern about the might lead her in his array. the most of the important international agreement had been cancer, the journey, his time. forced on climate change every month, which it took almost 20 years since no more than 10 years. this is total protocol has, has been almost ruined by the door of the united states and the u. s. also we do from j. c. p. a joint comprehensive plan of action to deal with the

iranian nuclear issues. and there were a lot of such and lighting that terrorism which had been into so re, i am very much relieved and happy. and that the joe biden has been elected as return to paris climate change with and now on us is a serious and you will she thing with the iranians for returning to j. c. p. a and all that are also many other areas in the world to trade. the systems which have been also hampered by the lack of spirit letter isn't do you think there's lasting damage from the trump era? and did you have a fear that perhaps he might pull out of the un completely and that could affect the future of the united nations. i didn't think that there was a day or 2 consider withdrawing from the united nations itself.

but it is true that i had been very much concerned then as a former 2nd general, i was invited to many international forum. intention of conference is a small and big, huge time. i have been speaking out that the president trump's vision was particularly a very short sighted and morally wrong when it comes to climate change is he was a scientific career, very much and wrong. and then you can, i mean, can your so irresponsible and i, i torn and won the war that he may be standing in the wrong side of the history. i can tell you that i have done my own most airports and i've been walking tirelessly with the warrant to lead us so that the war need us can demonstrate their global citizenship,

their leadership based on global citizenship. and at this time, i do not see mentally those globally, those who read it genuinely, as a global leaders, based on global citizenship. you say in your new memoir, populous bullies are perhaps the least effective diplomats. i suspect that might be a reference to president trump. let's look at one example somewhat, you know, so well because you were a veteran, south korean diplomat rising to be the foreign minister before you became secretary general. i want to ask you about recent developments on the korean peninsula. during the trump era, there were 3 face to face meetings between president trump and kim john on very unusual diplomacy took place. is the world a safer place? of course, he was the 1st to like to state prison who met north korean read on king john one and or so he was the 1st the united states,

the prison for had stepped on the territory of north korea when things was very brief in that regard. that there was some more the high can the expectation that us prison would be able to agree on the very concrete agreement with the north koreans to make. and you know, clearly jason of the korean peninsula, particularly when i, i'm saying that about north korea. north korea is the only country 1st and the only country is 21st century who have tested 6 times nuclear bombs. and they have also tested the inter content or polio to mrs. long range and short ranges and they were, so i'm developing a summer in based nuclear weapons as

a term. and therefore we had much, much expectation. but in the end, his sort of the really to show high diplomacy has made the lot of koreans and the people of a piece of people are very much disappointed. now the current situation on the korean peninsula is or so they're much worrisome. we have to make sure that during prison by this era that, that there should be a complete can you creation of the korean peninsula, north korea, it's a place where the napoleon, human rights record. when you a secretary general, used to talk a lot about human rights upfront, but it's pretty clear that human rights abuses a grubbing around the world. and some of the most powerful countries on us are involved. i give you 2 examples. for example, the week people in china,

permanent member of the security council responsible. what some say is genocide and syria, where human rights groups all agree that russia has joined the aside regime in abuses including targeting medical facilities. you a secretary general. how hard is it for a secretary general to confront these sort of problems when they're carried out by the most powerful countries? of course. so abuses of human rights violators in this world. now, because of the divisions, divisions among big powers, particularly diploma members of the sequence council, they 5 then not think could have been agreed upon to deal with the human rights. for example, on, in the case of syria, 6600000 syrians are now had become refugees here and there in georgia that live on, on iraq and eugene and israel. i have visited orders places. but security council

has not been able to agree on anything, even on purely genuine shumate, italian issues because of the people power. then are there who should be blamed on this is already the people. then i have been speaking out that the justice will prevail for those perpetrators of violators of human rights and justice. then i been speaking out then justice prevail, if not today tomorrow, if not tomorrow. surely in the near future. that is what i in financial criminal court and other traditionally bodies and special court which i have been establish, establish during my time has been working. but unfortunately we have not seen much progress in this. you mentioned syria, and there is an intriguing reference in your new book. it says if the un has been

allowed to take a larger role earlier in the syrian war, i believe you would not mile be grappling with their own refugee crisis. what role did you want the un to take and who stopped you? i have been speaking to out by schon, i sat of syria many times, but she's been lying all the time. so therefore, then i appointed my prejudice of cor piano and then locked up right here me and many able able to, per, met with all this and the wash ations have not used it any, any success any result because of the division among p 5, pomona members, of the sea for the council. that is why many member states are now arguing that there should be reform of the secret council. but it is, i've told your decision. decision is in the hands of a 5,

pomona members. there phone. why do the form of the secret in council has been on the agenda of many years, many decades now? we have not been able to make any progress. i am very, very much frustrated about that. this kind of situation. i n g as a former sector general, and also i'm my successor, antonio with ted. sure. who will be real. i'm a real pointed sean. and then i think the united nation should really speak out on the mattress or the principal with human rights and human dignity. well, one of those matters is a country that has deteriorated greatly this year in terms of its situation. one way you worked for a very long time and that's man law where there was a qu on the 1st of february, you spoke in the security council,

a powerful call to action. in april, you said that was a fleeting moment for strong action to stop the atrocities. nothing has been done. do you fear that fleeting moment has now passed in my report to the security council on april 19th? i suggested to the members of the secret council to consider even the process of invoking responsibility to protect as we did in 2011. in the case of libya, of course, this will be met. i'm afraid to say that the by the futile power. but if there are tours, dora re jim's which we cannot pride to address or in this acceptable situation. but the member states of the united nations particular security, they are not divided complete divided. therefore, i'm very urging. first of all is unusual. among the i c n. so i still need us

should take a much, much stronger action. i myself or for my own visit to me. we are not military leader. and but they the price that the timing was not the convenient for them. but when would be, they would be convenient time for me to visit because nothing has been happen. it is the people who will suffer from all dis, a military dictatorship. you mention the problems in the security council, and again, it comes back to the dysfunction in the permanent 5 members of the security council with regard to me on mar, with regard to t grey, an e c o p. that seems to be no appetite for any sort of punitive action. arms embargo sanctions up from russia and china potentially though, as you move forward,

if these 2 countries are going to support sanctions and we know that they're not on the un sanctions, but both countries are on the e. u and u. s. sanctions doesn't increasingly the security council become more and more toothless. and then the un itself become more irrelevant. it's not truthful if in fact it has become 2 or 3. but they have chief very strong power on tours to solve the problems to solve of september. i schuman right issues and violations of, and prince person ideas of the international united nations, chatham, in the case of t grey, i, again, the t p concern that this is now being prepared, perpetrated by the country when the leader is a nobel peace,

laurie prime minister i b med war so i didn't know that piece only just a couple of years ago. and now this are 6600000 people in the grey, the grave. i think they are suffering or law because of 1st of all, lego food level one term. and there is always a military actions. i am again asking african union african union. they have quite the efficient way of making decisions. but they have not yet taken in a productive way. in recent weeks we've seen another conflict in the middle east, the bombardment of gauze, rocket spot by hamas. you have seen this before several times when you are the secretary general. i was in the region recently. i've been visiting for 30 years, i spoke to quite a few palestinian people and there's absolutely no hope left among these people.

what is to be done? this the liver, they warm between the israel mouse was really terrible room. and it reminded me of my time when i had to deal with the such kind of friday bombing, which had been mostly provoked by her my sort of times. but i know that all this had been provoked by her mother and the return by israelis. but the magnitude of returning or this crisis was not rational ration and for so long it also reminded me of my own diplomat diplomat. the engagement in january 2009. it started december late december

2008. but i was on the road and i was on a so called a conveyor belt to diplomacy. i was visiting at least 4 countries all day meeting the those of the 4 countries. second to general, should the current secretary general be doing that because he didn't leave new york . right? that's his his job and i didn't have any comment about this. i had been speaking to prime minister natal now all the times. then there is a saying that you can have a choice of everything as a human being. you can have a choice of your friends or want to meet or want to miss you when you can have a choice of us or a spouse. if you don't like, then you can divorce, but when it comes to to read convey bar, you have no choice, you have to leave as your own,

as of this planet or the last continuous. this is what i have been saying, therefore i am urging now next, pres, prime minister, mr. bennett seems to be next to premier. so israel and he should sit down together with president the monmouth. mom with i was, i was, i was of police or 1330 already i agenda on the table is a matter of choice. there are many secret council reservations, numerous if sickly, the cows resolution. and there is also also agreements. and there is every court, i'm sorry, sorry to interrupt you that they all refer to a 2 state solution, but just the situation on the ground now. where is the viable palestinian state?

it's already been built all over. now, palestinians, of course, they are not sort of solely d unified and, but when they are on the oppression under such a charge and it discord schuman situation, is only natural that they are not united. then you shrier as a bigger and more powerful country. they should be more compassionate. i have declared why this thing is right. i think i'm the only 2nd general who has been publicly stating that you shall, has said. i appreciate the change in secret the concern of israel. that was very much appreciated by israelis because nobody was speaking out about you shows all the security concern is

a genuine. so we fully appreciate that kind of training that does not give any right to destroy or it is a settlement. then the unconditional bindings with much, much super military power and therefore they should sit down together. but many options are already available. and there are many countries who are really willing to support to stay solutions. now with or in, this is having different the relationship with the united arab emirates bearing and then, and moral call and the middle east vision. i think this is a good opportunity for us. right. is also to be genuinely compassionate and tried to resolve this once and for, for a lasting peace. so that you say it is and palace years can leave peace in peace

and security side by side as or of puerto who's covers international affairs and is based un headquarters. i witnessed many of events you did not appreciate from reading the book your viewpoint on them. but i'll have to be honest with you, there is one part of the book, one section of the book i found rather jarring. and that's when you refer to haiti . and as you know, there was an earthquake there. and then un peacekeepers brought cholera and yet you say of the court case that was brought against the un. i thought this law suit was fraudulent from the beginning and i was incense every time i thought about this attempt to extort money from the united nations. surely these were just people who had been victims of the united nations trying to get some justice. united nations also lost a 100 to staff and saw peacekeepers. and it was the united nations

united nations on the my leadership who had been genuinely and persistently trying to have been haitian people on poetry team. hundreds of thousands of people have been contaminated by corporate virus. yeah. just to interrupt you for a 2nd. you get the right thing and set up a fund for those people, but it's woefully underfunded. no money is going to these victims. so can you not understand why they want to take out a court case? my last report to this general assembly on hate. he was only december or my last month 2016, and i appears that we need to mobilize some fundings. that was not a big, big money. and but member state were not willing to show down sincere

support for haitian people at the same time. haitian leaders leadership day was divided among themselves. that was also one of my source of dish as his fiction and regret that there is a thing that heaven helps those who have come service, but they were not really united starting from the present. that was what the, i was very much a sorry to retain his myself as a sacred general member states have not shown much, much to support for hasty, hated. that's one of my regret. and that is one areas that because of this or the pay and after the construction process, your condition has been plain. sometimes you know, unfair way, but i'm ready to,

to receive that kind of criticism. you won't new memoir looking back on your life's work is called result. but looking forward, many of the world's conflicts and problems are not resolved. can i ask you how you see the future? how you see the picture world, your grandchildren will live in? are you hopeful when united nation member states are not sorry, is it a unit united? that is the program now? then there is no way for any. however, a were simply gender 1 may be, and then not a single individual or country can do it alone. we should put all our hands on but there together for the secretary general of the united nations banking moon. thank you for talking to our to 0. thank you so much. thank you, shook hands, edgelog i

i lose energy to every part of our universe or small to continue the change all around the shape, my technology and human ingenuity, we can make it work for you and your business. india has been devastated by the closing 19 pandemic. the one on 18th makes the

front line work risking their lives to treat the stick and very the day the one i was 0 me . ready hello, i'm barbara harris, london. these are the top stories on al jazeera, iran's only nuclear power plant has been shut down for what's being described as emergency reasons. the head of the state energy company says the shut down of the bush. our plant could last for 4 days. authorities say there could be power outages in several cities. there had been warnings that the plant could stop working because they.