gateway is restored, a grand staircase will be to it was only half built before a war stopped work $25.00 centuries ago. only then says the man in charge of the project will people understand the acropolis as it was designed by its original architects. jobs are open to us, al jazeera athens. ah, this is all. these are the top stories, 159 people are still unaccounted for a day after the partial collapse of a 12 story apartment building in the us state of florida. at least 4 people died in the collapse, but it's expected the toll will rise. united states will keep her on 650 of its troops in afghanistan after the rest of its forces are withdrawn in an exclusive interview with all diseases of some of the binge i've read ton about and spokesman as to how shocking said, if us troops do remain, it will be in breach of previous agreements. this us troops,

station 650 of their stay behind. are the taliban going to attack us troops now? yes or no. if they stay here, then i think it is a kind kind of continuation off that probation and that they have why lated and a we have a fully right to act a judge in the us state. minnesota has rejected a request for a re trial for the former police officer convicted of murdering george floyd. during comes just hours before. derick, shaun is due to be sentenced. sovereign was convicted in april after kneeling on floyd's neck for 9 and a half minutes, a crime, prosecutor se shocked. the nation. us vice president common harris is in texas on her 1st visit to the border with mexico since taking office. she's leading efforts to address the root causes of migration and she's been under pressure to visit the border. has been a rise and arrivals migrant, mostly from central america,

vice president you my, my home has warned against the east west to divide within the european union. it was speaking after summit and brussels. we're eastern european leaders rejected a franco german proposal to hold talks with the russian president laskey workers in the czech republic, combing through the wreckage for survivors after a rare to nato in the southeast. at least 3 people have died and hundreds have been injured. the storm swept through 7 villages and towns destroying hundreds of homes . police officers in chile have rescued 27 people trapped in a blizzard for temperatures plummeted to minus 20 degrees celsius. the officer's height for 4 hours at more than 5000 meters above sea level to reach the group that included 2 children being stranded in their vehicles after the sudden storm. those are the headlines. the news is going to continue here on august here in about half an hour after inside story. goodbye. news.

news. the microchips are in almost every electronic product, but there's a global shortage affecting cars, high tech gadgets, and even fighter jets. so why are supplies so low and could the race to make up the shortfall ignite political engine? this is inside sort. ah, ah. hello and welcome to the program. i'm hammered, jim, jim, they're in our smartphones, computers and cars, even appliances like coffee machines. semiconductors are in almost every electronic

item we use, but they are in short supply around the world. taiwan is the dominant player with nearly 60 percent of the global market. but production has slowed because of measures to combat a search and covert 19 infections. the islands, worst drought on record, is also having an impact as the industry uses large amounts of water. the auto industry is one of the most effective carmakers, like ford and general motors have shut down factories, laid off workers and cut production. one manufacturer has warned the disruption could lead until next year. the u. s. south korea and china are pumping money into their own industries to become more self reliant in march beijing wave taxes on imported semiconductor materials. but china's main ship maker is under us sanctions for a ledge ties to which military the us senate recently approved $52000000000.00 for america semiconductor industry. as part of a tech innovation bill. as

a percentage of g d p, we spend less than half as much of the chinese communist party on basic research. we rely on foreign nations to surprise crit supply critical technologies that we invented like semiconductors, that sony american optimism has flickered as well. the world is more competitive now than at any time since the end of the 2nd world war. if we do nothing, our days is the dominant superpower may be ending. the alright, let's re and i guess in sole june park, a political economist and an east asia voices initiative fellow at george washington university in new york city. jim anderson, ceo of social flow, a tech company, and in miami june teufel, dryer professor of political science at the university of miami and editor of

taiwan and the era of citing when a warm welcome to you all june park. let me start with you today. what is causing this shortage and why is the situation currently so dire? the pandemic that has begun at the end of 2019 has basically altered the business planning cycles for many of the industries that we see in connection with the shortage. and the most vulnerable sector in this chip shortage crisis was the automotive sector, the automobiles sector. because usually when the chips orders are sent in the, the primary consideration was given to other products such as the mobile mobile phones or computers or any other equipment that we have used in order to get connected during the pandemic. so that's why we have the shortage at the

moment. june teufel dryer, let me ask you, what is the overall impact of all of this? i'm talking about the impact on businesses and also on consumers and just folks who want to get, you know, the latest smartphones. well, we may have to wait for a long time. and i know my grandsons are at the age where they think they will die if they don't have the latest in the electronic equipment. and they're just going to have to get on a waiting list. but if i may add something, and by the way, i've never been on a program before with another june. so please just sort of neat. you did out a lot of things are being blamed on the pandemic. and in truth, it did disrupt an awful lot of things, but i have to go with mark leo who is d t s m

c chairman the day, the guy who runs the day to day operations because now at marsh john, the founder. although and very jury alert and hale and hearty, 89 year old has withdrawn a bit. and he said something interesting. and he said that it was only partially due to the pandemic and a, but it was also due to manufacturers stockpiling ships. and that you have to distinguish between real demand and stockpiling for inventory. and he thinks a lot of this is because of stock piling for inventory. jim, let me ask you from your point of view, how long is it going to take for production to catch up with demand? there are some who suggest that this could take at the very least 2 years. does that timeline sound about right to you, or do you think it could be even longer? yeah, i think 18 to 24 months is a good estimate. but as june said, june 24 dryer, you know, there could very well be some stockpiling here. supply chains are increasingly

interconnected around the world. you know, who knows what individual companies are stockpiling what i suspect supply and demand as prices rise. you know, that certainly changes the dynamics. you know, you may be willing to wait for a game console where the price goes up on it that, that has an impact, but certainly there, there needs to be more capacity, more supply and 18 to 24 months, i think is a good estimate for that june park, the us, china and south korea. they are giving incentives to try to ramp up local production . how are those efforts going thus far, and how long do you think that's going to take? well as, as far as the hallway banner is concerned, is ongoing. at the moment and as much as the decoupling process continues. in this regard, china is going to keep on trying to build a self sufficiency within its domestic environments. south korea and taiwan are

investing both in the us and in their homelands. south korea has recently launched a k bell cluster k chip bells cluster, which basically entails foreign companies such as do paul, s and mel participating. but at the same time something electronic basically s k high next memory chips and nan flash. their focus is not just going to be on memory chips, but also on system chips. taiwan, at the same time, is going to invest heavily with in taiwan while maintaining the leverage in the us by expanding production facilities. so we'll have to see how this unfolds into 2023, and into a longer term, maybe the next 10 years june tore full dryer. let me ask you, taiwan, we know has almost 60 percent of the market when it comes to semiconductors. is there any possibility that we could see taiwan try to use this shortage of

semiconductors as a political tool? well, the taiwan is very, very careful. the momentum recently, and i would say in the last 5 years, just because china has become so increasingly aggressive across the board are you really don't have time to get into a here, i'm sure, but united front work activities aimed at subverting the democratic process. and the number of countries and expansionist activities in the south trying to see in the east china sea. and they have really ramped up a, an anti china coalition which is still nascent and, but this has benefited taiwan. since people now see, instead of china saying, we deserve taiwan, it's ours, or ought to be ours. they're seeing a very aggressive china and therefore it becoming much more sympathetic to taiwan.

so in a way, taiwan doesn't have to use this as a political tool. it's already got it and new here, people in the publication saying if china were to invade taiwan, which it keeps threatening to do, and is certainly making gestures in that direction, that would destroy taiwan semiconductors, manufacturing, corporation, and china would be the big loser as well. so in a way taiwan is in a good position in that sense and it doesn't have to be overtly look at what we've got and what you will lose because i think most of the world is already aware of what would be washed gym. are there any viable or concrete short term solutions that could help with this shortage? not to producing more chips on other than, you know, making sure your capacities or your factories are at capacity. if you can do over

time shift those kinds of things. i'm sure those things are already being done as they try to boost production, but in terms of building new plans, you know, it's going to take you 18 to 24 month. it's a notoriously capital intensive build business. you know, there are thousands of steps involved and there's a significant amount of expertise and proprietary knowledge involved and developing these chips, which is how you end up with such a dominant company. you know, they just did it better than others and you ended up with a dominant market position. so i think you probably them, the bigger issue will be the supply and demand as prices rise. that will tend to reallocate ships. not entirely because you do have some stock piling, but that will tend to reallocate chips to the highest value uses. and you may very well just end up waiting more for going game consoles or phone upgrades or those kinds of things, which is not, not a trivial issue. it has an economic impact, but certainly doesn't seem to at least have currently structure rise to a national security issue. in june park, i saw you nodding along to some of what jim was saying there. did you want to jump

in and expand, expand on the point that he was making what some of the dynamics between south korea and japan have not been resolved. and i think in connection with what jim was mentioning, the export curves that began to years ago by japan on some of the crucial components of semiconductor production. again, south korea really reveals that the u. s. and japan are hoping to benefit from this disk with a couple of process. and there is a g geopolitical dynamic in this because either you belong in this supply chain or you don't. so that will accelerate the geopolitical divide into the coming years. and the export curves are not ended. the hallway band is still in place. we'll have to see, not just the economic dimensions of this, but the geopolitical dimensions as well. june teufel, dryer, of course,

said you and parker was talking about the acceleration of the geopolitical divide. and that leads me to something i wanted to ask you, which is could this race to make up for the shortfall ignite political tensions? i'm not sure because he or chinese government of course is the, is the, the reason for most of the political tensions, things were going fine until the chinese began is to use computer chips and rare earth and all kinds of things as economic weapons. so i think there are or did political tensions are, are already there. and i don't think they're going to get any worse because of this . but you know, time on have the money, morris chang and is, i don't know who's the richest person in the world, but he's certainly up there. not him personally, but his corporation does have the money. and taiwan does have the talent. i

remember when i was in college, the top of the class at mit was always on taiwan, the rope, half a dozen taiwanese in the top 10. and they've still got the talent, they've got the money and they've got the geo political impetus. you know, if we don't stay ahead on this, we could be obliterated. so i think the geo political cards are still in play and they're not getting get any worse. but on the other hand, they're not gonna get any better. jim, if we're talking about, you know, the geopolitical cards in play right now, from your perspective, how is this race playing out between countries for technological supremacy for technological independence, especially when it comes to semiconductors. yeah, this is just one piece on the chessboard if you will, and it is an important piece. i mean, technology is become such an important part of our lives. and in many ways economic

security is national security. but the thing i can help but, but thank is wow, 2 years to sort of correct an imbalance in supply of chips. it's an incredibly short time as it relates to geo politics. we're talking about things that unfold over decades as it relates to the say, the us china relationship. and i think there is bound to be an oversupply, say 24 months down the road. you know, when you end up with a shortage of things and everybody rushes, and especially if there's a lot of government money at stake, to correct a supply and balance. what happens with the other side. and people who studies supply chains for a living have a bang for this is called the bowl wip effect, which means you know, you, you over correct the other way. so i have a sneaking suspicion that 24 months from now we'll be having a conversation about a massive oversupply of semiconductors and, and depressed prices and the problems that result from that. so how that plays out geopolitically, you know, we'll have to see it, especially as it relates to china. but it's, it's a pretty short term issue as it relates to the geo politics, june parking, when it comes to making more chips and countries ramping up production. i mean,

the reality really is that, you know, it is still going to take time. but even when it does happen, when orders are placed, it could still take several more months for those all to be delivered, right? that's correct and say for example, when tom phone decides to build a factory with the $17000000000.00 pledge that it made during the u. s. okay. summit in may or when taiwan finally expands the foundries within the united states. they have pledge 66 different places, including arizona, when these foundries have been completed, it would take time until the completion, but when they are completed, you would imagine a different scale of production within the united states. with, with the wall

a band or not, we are expecting to see a huge, huge production amount coming from the united states. plus with the innovation drive that the u. s. is pledging for itself. i think there would be a huge change a significant change upon the landscape of semiconductor industry. then, what would be interesting to see is how europe responds to this the, the contact lists economy will accelerate even during the, or post pandemic during the post period. the need, the, the demand for chips is not going away, it would only be expanded, and the digital economy will continue to expand as well. june teufel, dryer, in your previous answer, you mentioned rare earth elements. and i wanted to bring that up because you wrote a piece last year analyzing china's monopoly on rare earth elements. so i wanted to

ask you how does that play into all the semiconductor industry concerns over shortages going forward? well, it plays into china as a whole of government and whole of society attack on problems. and it's a very, very well coordinated one no matter whether you are pro china or anti china, we're just china. you have to admit they have played their him brilliant way. now, rare earth or non, a major component of semiconductor chips. they are mostly silicon, hence silicon valley and germanium which is not a rare earth. so, but at the same kinds of techniques are, are seen when china decides to do something, it decides to do it in a very coordinated way. and this is certainly a very coordinate way. and the problem with democracy is in general, and this is

a bigger problem for the e u, because they've got so many democracy with different interest is coordination. 8, i have been told that a foundry cost between $10000000000.00 and $12000000000.00 to make just depending on what you want, what kind of check you want to produce, and that after you make it, it's going to take 5 years to become profitable. so in other words, government support is necessary. now, china has the type of government that is willing to support dash. joe biden says he's willing to support that. it's harder, obviously, because of the way our economy is structured with a lot of private input. and in the case of d, e, you really, really hard because even though the french and the germans, the british, which of course aren't in the you anymore. pretend to be very friendly. the

national rivalries are still there. june park, i saw you reacting to some of what june teufel dryer was saying. so i wanted to get your reaction, but i also wanted to ask you about, you know, is there a lot of worries or a lot of concern the china is hold on rare earth elements sector is so strong that it could be used against everyone else for the rare earth elements, i would think that there have been previous cases in the w t o for china because china was held them when there was a class between japan and china over the sink of the i think with the islands and that kind of precedent leads me to believe that in subsequent years, when the global supply chains are much more politicized than now, there is

a high possibility that currently the 100 day supply chain review does list rare earths as one of the elements that the u. s. is, is very much going to be fixated on into the coming years, but it's not really exercised as a band at the moment as in the form of se, hallway been. so we would likely see some kind of policy mechanism to sort of secure some of the rare earth elements, especially coming from africa because china already possessed as a huge, huge some of the rare or it's that if discoverable in africa. so there may be in fighting amongst countries that would be in, in need of the rarer gym. this dependency on taiwan, when it comes to semi conductors. how worrying is that to western countries? i think it's really worrying. i mean,

when you talk about some conductors and technology in general, you know, having that kind of dependency, especially in a place where china clearly has ambitions, you know, i think that elevates the concern. again, you know, from a geo political perspective, as we were talking about before you, i think, you think in terms of decades, not one or 2 years, but it's just a lot of the kinds of dynamics they can play out. and the importance of the technology issues, especially in a sector where you're talking about $10.00 to $12000000000.00. i mean that's a government level investment. it's very difficult for private companies to make $10.00 to $12000000000.00 investments with a 5 year payback. as jim was talking about without some form of form of government subsidy and, and actually very well stated, i've been in a democracy, it's very hard to do that compared to a more authoritarian state. so i think there's a pretty high degree of concern in general about this kind of dependency. again, i'm not sure the acute concern is there, i've not heard anybody talking about, we're not going to be able to be able to get the kind of military hardware we need or there's going to be a giant economic impact. it's more,

it's going to take you longer to get your cell phone is going to take you longer to get your playstation, which is a, is a concern, but it's more about where it could go than it where it is today. june teufel, dryer, in terms of competition, how far ahead are the taiwanese several years and making steady progress. they're not sitting on their laurels at all. and they've got some amazing talent. they've got a very efficient educational system and you don't have to persuade, no, it's not like they're not in states where we almost have to bribe students and just pry them study prior programs. they've got, they're eager and willing. and so i think there are, and they understand critically that this is important to their future as an independent sovereign state. so i think they are going to be able to maintain that momentum. now there have been problems a taiwan company,

micron from an employee. there was a found guilty of selling secrets to china is a high tech so it can chip secrets to china. so it's not perfect, but they've got the momentum and they've got the will to stay ahead. so i think they probably will. june park, aside from everything else we've discussed during the program today, i want to talk to you for a moment about specifically the coping 1900 outbreak in taiwan. did that further disrupt the semiconductor industry? and how much concern is there that that could really make things much worse, at least in the short term. i think the within time one, there may be an increase cases compare to the previous months that taiwan has experienced. but taiwan has had quite a model modeled sort of

a good example case of the cobra. 19 pandemic recovery process. and i think that with vaccination provided by the united states, taiwan received modena vaccines. and within several months, i think taiwan would be able to recover from its current phase and possibly into a more rapid pace into recovery. all right, we have run out of time. we're going to have to leave the conversation there. thank you so much to all of our guest, june park, jim anderson and june teufel dryer and thank you for watching. you can see this and all of our previous programs. again, anytime by visiting our website, algebra dot com and for further discussion, go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash a inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter. our handle is at a inside story for me and how much i'm doing the whole thing here. for now.

the news news, news news . something was going to change as anything really changed. this is just demick violent that needs to be addressed at its core. we are in a race against the variance, know what to say. we are all saying we're looking at the world as it is right now, not the world. we like it to be. the devil is always going to be in the details. the bottom line. i'll just era in the next episode of science in a golden age, i'm exploring the contributions made by scholars during the medieval period in the

field of medicine. science tend to be a good subject to bring different people from all over the world together. as such, like a magical and the more i learned about it, the more i respected science and the golden age with professor jimmy kelly on a jazz either july on just showing no marks the thing tina lee at the founding of the communist party. but what does the future hope for the increasingly influential nation across the globe generation change young activists fighting injustices and demanding radical change. after a year long delay japan host the 1000000 pix, unlike any the world has seen before. my eyes and bob will showcase his personal stories, offering a fresh look at the changes and challenges that's in pub way today. despite grow intention with the difficulty down here is that for the next phase of filling it

down on the blue nile july, when i just eat up, there are some of the media stories. a critical look at the global news media. on al jazeera government shut off access to social media. ah, this is al jazeera ah hello, i'm rob matheson and this is the news i live from dell ha, coming up in the next 60 minutes, facing decades in prison, the former police officer derek sylvan, is to be sentenced for the murder of george floyd. more than a 150 people are unaccounted for us to collapse with god. whether humphrey search and rescue.