climate refugees in europe, if public action is not taken. my whole life in the delta is at risk, under protected over exploited a delicate tussle between river and see. and the sea is winning. jonah, hold al jazeera in spain's bro delta. ukraine's menace harry's being accused of sexism and massage any after photos or female soldiers practicing for a military parade in high heels. and these pictures were released by the defense ministry ahead of celebrations next month to march 30 years of independence. several politicians showed up to parliament with high heels and encouraged the defense minister to wear them to the parade. ah, so again, i'm fully back to ball. with the headlines on al jazeera, thousands of people are taking part in demonstrations in brazil against fraser,

enjoyable, snarls handling of the cone of ice and damage. he's also under investigations a possible corruption in acquiring indian made vaccines. when he came back, he has more from reiteration arrow on the allegations affecting boss. now as popularity was never really related to perhaps when you have a non compared to other was criticized for just of half of 500000 resilience because of a lot of hard to fight with the po, because approval rate or form a different one for per use this in any really defense officials has confirmed a cargo ship has been attacked in the northern indian ocean. the vessel was on its way from jack in saudi arabia to the united arab emirates. the source of the attack

is still unclear, and no one has claimed responsibility. the looming prison sent in for, for my south african president, jacob, whom i may be delayed. the constitutional court has agreed to hear a fabrication for the contempt ruling against him to be revoked. wilma has been sentenced to 15 months in prison for failing to appear at a corruption inquiry. the united nations is warning the european government and rebel fighting respect to cease fire into grey. the un says the conflicts risk sending the regions filing further into crisis. more than 2000000 people are set to be on the verge of starvation. protesters have gathered in the occupied west bank after the killing of a prominent palestinian activists. nissan bernard died last week, hours after being arrested by and beaten by palestinian security forces. those are the headlines next on al jazeera inside story. stay with us news

news, news. news news, the reports of in the big crowd celebrity athlete and the potential for attack. so what must be done to keep people safe and all the pandemic host further challenge. this is inside story with the hello and welcome to the program. i'm hammer, jim, jim. it's often said that sports bring people together, major global of in straw,

tens of thousands of fans, athletes, journalists, and support staff. so this makes them prime targets for potential attacks. 3 un counterterrorism agencies and the base international center for sport security have launched what they call the 1st global guide on securing major sporting events is happening as tournaments postponed by the pandemic resume. their schedule. that includes the european football championships, taking place now and the tokyo summer olympic set to begin later this month. the document highlights emerging threats such as drone attacks and cybersecurity risks with criminals, potentially hacking critical facilities. the 36 story of the 972 summer olympics in munich. the 2009 terrorist take against the alarm come creek team in the boston marathon bonding of 2017. as well as many other effects against other sporting qu, ends of reminders of this awful realty sport. thank you. well,

it's not solely targeted because there and then the by alleged groups of people, but also because they represent what terrorists in to destroy in our societies, in the cross, the old human dignity, peaceful coexistence. m. k. ideals. oh, alright. let's bring in our guess in florence, my samuel yanno wanton ari chief executive officer of the database international center for support. security in london, said john, go all international security director at the asia pacific foundation and in north hampton. you k, andy bodfish, a sports commentator, a warm welcome to you all must really know. let me start with you today. the guy that was published outlines ways to best protect major sporting events. what are some of the measures that need to be taken to mitigate risks?

yes, thank you very much for your invitation. i'm very glad to be here with you today. let me know also that the guy is anita meant over and over of a program which is called the us the global program on the security of major both events and on the use of paul to to prevent the violet. it's amazing. so the docket was a call see to be an instrument at the disposal of a policy makers. you know that to mitigate risk associated to the organisation of a major part the right. so the, the overall visual of these document that was the battle by the, by with the other fathers of the un go program, the un office of the reason unicorn and the un alliance of c. d, a show ease to protect the major event as a common opportunities for the invasion community. so when we talk about events

like the only big, so we'll cancel out of the joke. what do you think that we are talking about amazing economy driver that's generate those? so there is a need that day to protect what it is pro our collective and through our strength and the international cooperation. so this was the guide is, is about, is a reference document this about this eastern and policy makers and guiding them in the, the jo on a, which is called the, that the secure sean illegal see all the, me just so john, what are some of the biggest threats that are facing the world of sports today. and is terrorism as big a threat or a potential threat as it, as it used to be? well, it's an important question that you raise if we were having this discussion, say, 18 months ago, we won't be talking about the concern about the pandemic of coven 19, and how that's actually ultimately cause huge disruption to mega sports events to

events potentially like the olympics which got postponed as a result of this euro, 2020, or potentially euro 2021, depending on how you want to frame it. terrorism unfortunately, has been a specter when it comes to these multi national sporting events in the past. we know that we have seen, in fact, that terrorist groups that want to crate crate disruption, they see it as an opportunity to get oxygen of publicity with the world media cameras focused on them. in your package, you mentioned briefly about the 1972 munich olympics. that was perhaps the most infamous one. but we've also seen and bilateral sports events terrorists trying to cause disruption in the 2015 football match between france and germany at the start . the france, paris 3 suicide bombers, who tried to get into the stadium but will prevented,

detonated that devices outside. so it may not necessarily be a major event. it could be a friendly tournament, but we could, we know that terrorists would want to try and hijack it to get maximum exposure to create disruption and to take away the focus of what should be an entertainment to unfortunately something more consequential. andy, as we were just hearing sir john say, i mean, it used to be more of the focus when i came to securing major sporting events. you know, the talk used to be mainly about, you know, terrorism, the threat of terrorism or some kind of an attack. now that seems to have all changed because, you know, the major concern right now, especially when it comes to something like the olympics is covered 19. so from your perch, i mean the huge concern being covered 19 you know, how worrying is it going forward? it certainly is worrying. busy but then again, you know, with these sort of big, big decisions way above all, our heads taken to,

to run these events. you just have to get on with it. i suppose the complication with the, the olympics is you have a set set of regulations for entering japan and then the athletes in media and so on. coming from all over the world. they each come from a place with a different set of sort of exit and entry regulations themselves. so it's sort of standardizing that procedure and traveling everyone into japan with different sort of vaccination backgrounds, different toby histories in, in each nation. i mean, it's an interesting point you raised about, you know, sort of contingencies against terrorism in the past. i mean that they don't get rolled back. now, sort of, you know, it's a bit like coming through an apple. we will never, ever go back to the time before sort of you were just able to take want of a hotel onto a plane. so they are in place now when you get used to that new normal. i don't think it will be the case with the sort of the transition we're saying at the

moment with them to convey to precautions, leaving nations around the world and entering japan. that will just become the new normal now. and we're in the process now, we're just getting used to it. really marsh mariana. and there was talking about, you know, getting used to this new normal, especially when it comes to sporting events coming forward. did cobra 1900 factor into the recommendations that are outlined in the guide? the guy in visa says one, the goal section dedicated to the impact of coffee 19 on the security measures to be adopted for the protection and security on me just for the meds, but also suggest ways to take advantage of the investments that world done to mitigate and to manage coffee related, afraid, you know, that we have a positive impact in the security and safety field at large. so we try to

look at the, at the, to him and, you know, from an integrated approach which is all started say the, the line and the try. and you know, which has been a great weekend international community since a few years to have an integrated approach between security safety, which also includes the health and services. so john, from your perspective, what are some of the most vulnerable targets when it comes to when it comes to sporting events these days? well, when it comes to the actual infrastructure, the stadiums, for example, we've seen a very effective robust security procedures being implemented over the last 2 decades. which has had to have a balance of effective security, but also not to curtail the festival, the environment, the positive feelings and vibes that are trying to be created for people and spectators to attend. where we see a one rehabilitate that still remains is for example,

when teams are traveling on the buses and coaches directly to the stadiums or 2 different locations that tend to be the vulnerable point of view. if to example the spring to mind one was the 2009 a terrorist attack on the sri lankan cricket team that we're traveling in pakistan to the stadium. and that resulted in the entire tournament, the torque being cancelled, and it actually had devastating effects for pakistan because no one wanted to play cricket there for well over a decade there was also the 2010 african cup of nations. when the togo football team was traveling through the angolan enclave of cub, in the and a local militant group targeted that bus actually injuring several people on it and a few been killed. so it's, it's not necessarily the stadium that always going to be the target. it's potentially the, the travel rhodes, which terrorists, but doing reconnaissance,

which needs also to be factored in. and the, i saw you nodding along to a lot of what sir john was saying there. so i wanted to see if you wanted to jump in, but i also wanted to ask you to expand on a point this john was making there when it comes to trying to maintain a certain fact festive atmosphere at sporting events. i mean, our sporting events, less fun for the fans, for the spectators when they are too heavily policed. oh, it's such a tough one. i think you've been perfectly cold about it. probably to be honest, but we now, you know, we now in the throes is sort of realizing that we've all got to adjust to the knuckle. and for the greater good rainy, i mean when the fresh, more robust airport security checks came in, what was it, you know, after the sort of follow the check in the see thousands and you actually water

bottles being checked and so on. i mean, immediately that became less fun, but you know, it hardly stopped to so flying around the globe, so you don't want a fuel. he should have superficial, instant reaction level. yes, things are a bit more of a pain. now books. the end of the day, it's the pull of to the live sport, the buzz of the spectacle, the buzzard actually being part of something. it's probably too early to tell whether i should have covered restrictions have had to be serious. detrimental impact in terms of sort of what followed stadiums and so, i mean, we just very so they say it will be written about way to generations and generations to come, you know, the cultural impact of colgate and what happened to, you know, the live spectacle with just at the start of it, but i mean it's, we still run the euro when spectators, they're allowed, we've got stadiums full again and, you know,

i like to think that we all realize the great good sort of put up with a bit of discomfort in the short and still go to life school because that's what we all love me. i know you know, locked downs during the pandemic have meant that many athletes were an isolation. they were facing a reduction in income. and last year, the css had said that those circumstances were creating a perfect storm of opportunity for organized crime. so i wanted to ask you what kind of an impact overall has the panoramic had on organized crime within the world of sports? so can they make a create a new new farm, send your poetry this for these, this for the organized crime? talking about certainly call me night the made the athletes much more vulnerable to organize, find and for us to the,

to the possibility to to fix you know, to engage into match, match, fixing. this particular problem in the case of interviewed was false. why? in the case on the collect is for the, the song that the system a different forms of support which has been given by the themes and by the clubs. but in the case. but you could also the individual spot that i, what we said, we had the case of tennis. we had the cases over after that we had a very serious economic promise of the school, of course made them more vulnerable, you know, to being about to be approach, you know, by, by organized crime that's on the, in the field of into with it. but at the same time, also in the, in the field of security, we were talking about capital reason. and the reason prevention calling 19 a, gave a tremendous acceleration to the, to the use of technology, which is good on,

on one side. so. so knology was that they did on the rear window, you know, in the, the carving 19 pandemic. but in the same time, with these will also increase the diffract, you know, of the cyber crime, civil society. the reason because we are much more and more now depended on the project. so these as they did as without any doubt open to new forms of premium activities and new market for organized crime. so johnny just heard my, some of the younger there, talk about cybersecurity, cyber attacks. so let me ask you how much of a threat our cyber attacks right now when it comes to these types of events? well, we are seeing almost on a weekly basis. new stories which revealed that there was a cyber attack on a major companies website or domain and it made it an accessible critical national infrastructure has also been effected sometimes by

a cyber attacks. and this is unfortunately the ongoing challenge because it's also hot 20 dissipate or to prevent or preempt. it is also evolving the technology and the ability to utilize it to cause disruption, to cause chaos. and you see more and more when it comes to governmental organizations wanting to invest further into understanding the threat, recruiting people that could potentially deter it from growing and proliferating. so that is a concern. and yes, it could also impact on sports events too. because of the fact that it could create a negative consequence when it comes to logistics to organizing, to even airing and broadcasting a potential match. and that'll also that impacts on revenue on marketing, on branding. so cyber can potentially have

a knock on effect at multiple levels. and whether it's coven 19 and we're talking about, or, or just other, more general, or even emerging security threats. what are some of the biggest lessons that have been learned when it comes to sporting events when it comes to trying to make them more secure? i suppose fundamentally that, you know, security is, is paramount ready. and you just have to realize that they said to the greater good happening yes, increased security, you know, joining cues lines to go through metal detectors, laptop out of your bag, you know, whatever it is, very similar to the experiences that we've had an airport. so the last 50 news me toll less moose than we used to probably a decade now 2 decades ago. but it for the greater goods. so we live in

a complicated world with some very bad actors out there as we all those so you just have to put up with it must be the, you know, your, i reported on security preparations for euro 2016 matches. i was up in leo france several years ago, and i remember how difficult it was for police to control crowds in leo, you know, there would be a rumour going through the crowd that somebody from the opposing team had insulted another team. people would get upset. how, how much goes into preparing local police forces when it comes to major sporting events, how do you prepare them to handle crowd control at events where the fan base is so passionate? yeah. when we, when you talk about the sparks, you know, preventing or managing sport spoke by it is now a very reach that the literature and the way that the recent,

they bought the all the knowledge which is available now and internet only because actually spoke violence when he got these and these was our course so that at the very beginning we go back like to 20 or 30 years at the beginning of the night is you know, our make also was in these that they the behavior on the only guys violence side in the in the count as you know, football matches for each other. so then when the out, the 2001 and the toxic a ours, our mean cars were made at the, the, the, the, these, all the, of the terrorism which was not toppling you in the compass or major part. the event is we already, we also had the immunity, $972.00 obviously. but the reason became our great major concern, you know, after 2001. but still we were talking about the, the so called us in mind the made my made a friend, you know, and i mean, i did this nowadays. i think that the great, the challenge is not, is no longer

a man made on the be going to be a versa or even organized crime. but the main cause of the systemic, you know, the systemic and challenges and, and prayer. and also we have seen coughing my team, but there are that the major on the show and challenges that organize of major body event we have to, to cope with, you know, like huge and migration flows or even crime changes. so these are all the challenges of the, of the future, which goes beyond the traditional about it. we should say before as being a well address. you know, in the last 20 years by said organizational organization like us, but also going to the, the cost of you, of the can you and your opponent and many are there. so there is a, a very significant now body of knowledge that it to address the to be areas. so now

we, i think the next john and he wanted the systemic and, and no longer validate the 2 and specifically did it to human, to human behaviors. and it looked to me like you were reacting to some of what muslim elliana was saying, did you want to jump in? well though they just rang to the certainly given the example assembly and i was mentioned, their bachelor condition, the 908. he's been english slightly before my telling, but of course the ramifications of those those behaviors from it won't conform to atlantic coast, but it certainly was called the english disease for goodness. so i was certainly a big issue. pe had to ramifications because english clubs were banned from europe for some years. slow reintegration process after that. and he's just almost what we say tends to the security challenges. i would say it too much. the prism of

sort of, you know, global issues as a whole human behaviors and individuals being out of control with one thing. but that was then, yeah, that's the, that's still a challenge by the way, but by and large, it's been addressed by would argue. and now technological infrastructure is that, what governs the world, not just human movement manager? i'm sorry to interrupt magic also ask you, you know, from what you are seeing do, do people feel safe or, or safer at sporting events these days, whether it's football matches, or, or, or other form to sports? and if they do feel safe, or if they do feel safe, or does that mean that the systems are working? anecdotally, i would say probably yes. again, it's probably an unfair i'm give it a slightly skew viewpoint because going through the media channels. and so. busy on and so for you certainly feel safe, but then again, you are in a reasonably closeted environment with that a reserved travel, different bus lanes,

and so on and so forth. but certainly looking at the front of it, it's in the muscle on the ground. but these events, i certainly anecdotally, haven't heard anyone complaining of feeling vulnerable. ready no, you know, security protocols being sort of not, they're not at the level, they should be certainly there's a lot of security stuff on the ground that these events along. so john, are current security measures that are taken that you're seeing being implemented? do you think that there are enough or do you think that they should evolve? well, they have been effective up till now. and in terms of evolving them, that will also be dependent on the nature of the challenges and, and the threat sometimes again, very unpredictable to know and into, in terms of how we look at sports events and the security kind of would use the

term b, c, as in before corona virus and after because it has changed quite significantly. for example, now, when you go to sports events, it varies in various countries, but for many in the u. k. for example, you have to have a covert test before you are allowed entry into the stadium and you have to have proof of it. and then the question comes down to how regularly is that being checked? i've been told and in some cases, some of the people who are supposed to oversee that on necessarily following the rules as much as they should be doing the stadiums. we've seen more people actually being allowed in. but it's again, controlled as and how many can be allowed. some people seem to like that that it gives them more space that it's not so cramped as before. but i hope that over time we will get back to a degree of normality where the stadiums will be packed because there is nothing

better than a live atmosphere where you are supporting your team and where you can have exhilaration and despair in the space of 22nd, valesvi, but that's the goal. that would be the desire. but then we also have to keep in mind that we get complacent about now. that could be nefarious actors, criminal groups, terrorist entities, double want to exploit the situation in the future. so alertness awareness is also very important. all right, well we have run out of time, so we're going to have to leave the conversation there. thank you so much to all of our guests maximilian on want to marry. so john, go and andy bodfish and thank you to for watching. you can see the program again anytime by visiting our website observer dot com. and for further discussion go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com forward slash ha inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter. our handle is at a j and such story for me how much i'm dreaming. a whole team here 5 for now. the

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