the government don't agree with it. and so therefore, you know, some our minds that also gives them some kind of freedom to be abusive when it comes to black place. in particular with a clean up a fans owns like basically coming to an end. but now there are growing colds on social media companies on politicians, and on the sports of football to clean up their own act, to crack down harder on racism. demarcus, russia mural has now been covered with messages of support. but kicking racism out of football and off social media is a much bigger challenge. nadine bob al jazeera london. ah, how fast they all of these are the headlines at least 58 people are dead and dozens injured. after a fire swept or a coven, 1900 isolation ward in the south, in the south of iraq. the fire is now on the control in nasiriyah. this is the 2nd

hospital 5. it has killed coven. patients in iraq. this year must be the one who does more from baghdad. the reason for this is the same that happened in a pretty in edna happy hospital. and but that badly stored oxygen cylinders being get miss used the know prevention measures, no proper equipment, no safety equipment, no safety measures. that's according to many people, including health officials. south africa's military has been deployed after protests triggered by the jailing of former president jacob zoom a turned violent. at least 6 people have been killed in hundreds, arrested during days of riots and loosing into problems of current president. several run the force that has warned the unrest could result in food and medicine shortages in the next few weeks. cubes. presidents living outside forces and us

sanctions for provoking the biggest anti government protest, bear in 3 decades with anger over a worsening economic crisis. and the government's handling of the pandemic would have covered news. england will lift almost all her own virus restrictions from next monday, despite the number of cases rising to the highest level and months. prime minister bars johnson says it's the right time to do it. but his urging caution. all legal limits on social contact will go large. venues will reopen. the work from home guidance would also come to an ends, but record numbers of people in france and are booking appointments to get their vaccines after the president announced new measures from next month. proof of a vaccination or negative test will be needed to enter restaurants and shopping centers or to travel on long distance trains. once again in europe today with the headlines on al jazeera, the latest edition of inside story is next. news

. news. news. news ah, the world is facing a food crisis like never before. more than 3 quarters of a 1000000000. people went hungry last year. 3 quarters of a 1000000000. so what can be done to help and who's going to do it? this is inside store. ah. ah. hello and welcome to the program. i'm a hammer, jim, jim. world hunger is increasing dramatically and governments must back now if they

want to live up to the pledge of ending the problem by 2030. the stark warning was issued by 5 un agencies in this year state of global food security and nutrition report. it says up to 811000000 people were undernourished last year. the largest increase was in africa, while asia accounted for more than half of all people who lacked access to food. the agencies say the fall out of corona virus has obviously had an effect on the worsening crisis. but climate change conflict and a widening gap between rich and poor, or major drivers as well. ma'am, yvonne has more on the findings of the report. ha, 25 year old. that is a single mom with 3 children. she doesn't have a job and her life in the village hobble in western golf care has become virtually impossible, had children a malnourished. but now there's at least some help. a team from m. s. f. doctors without borders has arrived. the i am really happy,

i dance with this as i'm really happy. without this aid, who would have died would been eaten roots, which gave us permanent stomach a, as a woman, i personally no longer have enough energy to go and dig up those fruit. even men are unable to do so anymore. families in desperate need of food and medical assistance gathering. doctors without borders has set up make shift centers. some of the families looking for health, how to work long distance, move just a moment. we've come upon a food crisis. yeah. so we launched an urgent deployment. when we choose to do this this way because health centers and the regions infrastructures cannot deal with the crisis of this magnitude. right now we take charge of children with cases of severe and moderate malnutrition, and that we also treat other diseases, mostly malaria, intestinal para, c, t o, and diarrhea. but a gasket is experiencing the worst drought in 40 years. agencies warned that more than a 1000000 people are facing severe food shortages. but it's just one of many countries

with the same difficulty that you are report revealed. dramatic worsting of the food security situation in 2020. the number of mountain people in the world continues to rise. a 118000000 more people were facing hunger gun in 2019 moderate or severe food insecurity, has been climbing slowly for 6 years and now affects almost a 3rd of the world's population. africa is hardest hit, followed by latin america. report says cofi 19 has had an effect, but so to have conflicts found the world. and it says urgent action is needed to avoid an obvious catastrophe. hammered, fun, and dizzy. me. all right, let's bring in our guess. joining us via skype from cape town. the only issue bear

a science writer and the author of the hungry season feeding southern africa cities from rome, mark of any c o sanchez co director of the s o f. i 2021 report and deputy director of agrifood economics at f a l. and joining us from edinburgh, fiona 4th week, a researcher at the university of edinburgh and program director at the global academy of agriculture and food security. a warm welcome to you all, and thanks for joining us today on inside story marco, let me start with you around the world. how much worse did food insecurity and hunger get in 2020? thank you. i think the march is a story that you would say in the year of the pandemic plane, but initially with our partners, we with a license situation we ever since it was long 2017. at that time we're already seen . saw that conflicts on many regions in the world where creating problems for

hunger and then the next year we continue to live in the situation. keeping that i don't think, i think we realize that well and it's streams and but ability. i also is planning a lot of the anger situation. then again, the year after we detected that slow down where you know, creating solar for tiger in the world and then you and then it comes. and last year we were really noticing that 2000000000 people were not even affording this cheapest diet. now the problem is comes and that's to these problems. in a nutshell, regime conflict, i mean, whatever the industry and economy gets low down. in addition to that, the cost of the healthy food, we're driving behind the region not picking her that we started to observe. 14 and it got worked in 2017 in the middle of countries. now they've pundum it bombs with all the force. and that's

a huge i presented the economy downturn that makes it worse. so giving one statistical uncertainty, we'd phases, year to collect the data. we have between 720000000 people, 21100 nursing world. and as you go to the stream of the bound, it means that 161 more people wait time with the year due to all of these drivers that were accumulate in their 1st interacting. but then worse, in 19 funding, we only hearing those statistics that were rattled off by marco just now from years past. i'm left with this thought. the concerns about food insecurity. they very much pr date the pandemic. do they not? they do indeed. you know, i think the covert lockdown and containment measures heightened very fragile food system and economic system that, that already had so many people living in

a state of food poverty. i think it's largely just hidden in the privacy of people's homes though. because as we, as we see in sub saharan africa, dependent or access to food is the question, it's not about whether we produce enough food. there's plenty of food. but people have to access that. and in order to access food, people need to be able to buy into the food system. they need a job, a livelihood. and as soon as local economies shut down with the lockdown, people lost the ability to access that food. and if, unless we restructure the food system and make people more able to access food, i eat by having a livelihood or job, et cetera, or social grants. we want to address the very historic reasons for this feed poverty. fiona, this increase in global hunger. i mean, it really puts into stark relief that conflict and also inequality really continue to impact the most vulnerable people around the world. correct?

absolutely, and i think we really need to focus on the fact that it is the most vulnerable inch, including children. he really experienced the brittle reality of these awful numbers coming out. and the report that you're talking about indicates that there is an increase in children who are experiencing something and wasting. and this, of course, will have a detrimental impact on their health and development throughout their lives. and hon. communities, in the different regions around the world are dealing with a variety of different pressures that access to feed as members of the panel of discuss. but it will say being able to utilize that fetal store that said in terms of the disruptions that i felt this year through destruction to production and storage and access to market say

it so many different faxes are contribution. see this up 10 people here experiencing hunger marco. one of the things that was highlighted in the report is that 6 years ago, the global community pledged to end hunger by the year 2030 last year. as we now know, based on the findings of the report, a 10th of the world's population, that's around 811000000 people were under. nourished, that is heartbreaking. that is staggering. so i need to ask at this stage, is that goal of ending hunger by 2030 in any way? doable. or is it realistic? you take the where we were team can take is not realistic to think about this because we were looking at how to solve the problem from a tyler perspective. so we would be willing to do report debt sidle solutions will

not up because as the other colleagues nation, there is one thing that needs to be done is transformation. now, here we are no longer talking about didn't. we will find the culture of afoot. but we're talking about how it system back to address precisely the 4 drivers wouldn't the confusion that we have seen over the years. so it means that normally we have to change our systems in the most difficult because we used to think about. but now we have to think about how we've been directing with owner systems. for example, the health system you want to talk about cation is not only about how the systems, but by the system use the policies that are out there to make, just to do the work cation or social shopping. for example, if cation policies directed with systems and know that we need to ration from one or if there's touch of governance shows we acknowledge when data, when

a human capital. so this is a huge formation, it's very hard to think about it. i think you really think about a possible, you know, it's possible that has many pieces. you need to form it properly. now you, it was just in some it precisely reset thinking. that's how we need to start thinking we are to achieve like 20, not silos, but systems approaches, leoni. we were talking before about income inequality and how that's a huge barrier in trying to count her food insecurity. i want to look at how that plays out. i mean, we're talking, you know, what the most human and personal level that there are people who simply cannot afford the cost of a healthy diet right here. so let's think about 3 different kinds of diets. many people have access to an energy efficient diet. it's whether they have access to a nutrients, sufficient diet, healthy diet. that is the question. and what we seeing in africa increasingly in the last decade also is the rise in overweight with the city and the other so

called lifestyle related diseases. such as diabetes and heart disease. now in many respects, these conditions are occurring in the same household that traditionally would show childhood standing. so what this is showing us is that the entire family is getting an energy sufficient diet, but not a nutrient sufficient diet. so we need to understand what the economic forces are behind that. and the truth of the matter is that increasingly in the african continent, we're seeing these large, multinational corporations that are able to produce these industrial food like products that, that flood the shows that look like food that tastes like food. but in fact, not really food. and these, these items are extremely cheap, they have a long shelf life, so they can obviously safer for people to buy. and they crowd out the shelves and replace in people's diet the healthier, nutritious,

perishable foods that are going to keep them well in the long run. so we need to think about what on the macro economic policies that have allowed these large multi nationals. she get such a strong foothold and expand their market into africa as much as they have. and i think what is very important in terms of this, this report that we're looking at today is that it recommends a whole series of responses that governance can take in order to limit the reach and dominance of these multi nationals and allow a more new chain friendly feed value chain, if he on or if we're talking about potential actions that governments around the world can take from your vantage point. how could inequalities and food systems best be addressed? i mean, what do you think needs to happen in order for this to start changing and i think we need to recognize that these systems are increasingly label and so we need to respond as an international community. i think that the complexity of addressing

this, this issue is because feed systems interact with so many different aspects of our political systems. our hands are personalized as well as industry. and i think what i recognize that there have been failings in my regional development. i think we need to look really closely at where we've seen positive action and where markets can be beneficial in terms of investing in value chains to provide infrastructure and to provide systems that can respond to shop. and we also need to look to strengthen international institutions so that they can focus on on piece building and conflict resolution, which is at the heart of many of these, these, these issues. and i think that the past year government and looking inwards and

responding to the pandemic, has really highlighted that they have maybe taken that i off some of these really important label. clients like climate change. and we need to return to working together as an international level. i think we also need to learn a little lessons from the panoramic in terms of listening to the food label chrisy . i'm so we know that crisis is exacerbating many of these issues. we'll say that that obesity pandemic is likely to, will say, leads to an exacerbation of diet related illnesses and things such as anti microbial resistance. being related very much to see systems feel the same to lift the future and how we going to respond to these various issues. and so that we don't see this plan in the label hunger again. the next

label crisis mark. fiona was just saying that we need to look toward the future that we need to start looking toward solutions. so let me ask you, do you believe there's going to be a more globally coordinated response effort going forward and also how, how do these countries come together and start being able to transform food systems in order to achieve food security? i mean, can these food systems actually be transformed? i think, i think what you wanna change something very important. i mean, food systems have become more global. so it's very tough to control like lama system unless, globally, or contact me on something. so the us system, so maybe it's a minute that now what, what we have lives have companies to work out well for the countries to learn from . one of countries is by exposing the best practices. so if you see in the report

this year, we could across, as many may have worked out the world. we did, station we did, you know, webinars, we did learn from what it is based on all that knowledge. we have put some examples . we have proposed 6 bodies of transformation and how those are taken by countries depend on their own current, the funding as well. the quality, for example, we know in the initial, hadn't been there for the whole time and we need backlit. but in tackling inequality, we notice on the problem list will work. busy on, for example, what environment consumption behavior, how consumers out because that consumes more money and it's very many will consume well. so this is a tough racial issues and lives as a us system where we can, is we put this practice out there for government to learn, but only 4 quarter mr. mary is about the consumer is an all fast trying to

understand how to shop from nation, which is the kind of work out for the benefit of the people on the planet as well. so we only let me ask you when it comes to food insecurity, how much is the crisis exacerbated by food waste and how much of food that gets produced around the world goes to waste? well, it depends which markets you looking at in wealthier markets, sometimes as much as 50 percent of all of the calories coming out of a farm might be wasted or lost at some point between farm and folk. in the developing world context, it's much less than that. possibly a 3rd of all of that food is wasted, which of course is a terrible waste of all of the the environmental resources that went into producing that food is what is the way the nutrients themselves. one of the things that i'm arguing here from the southern african context is if we think that we have limited atmospheric space list in order to for instance, continue producing food that has

a carbon footprints. it is a terrible waste of that atmosphere space to use any of that to produce food like products that end up leaving people hungry, heavy and sick. so i think we also need to reframe the issue of food waste. they are multiple solutions coming out around how to deal with food waste. but i think if we could expand this quantification of food where to also see be highly, highly industrialized, highly refined foods or food like products as a form of waste. that would also help us refrain and also to, to internalize some of the health and environmental extra analogies of the current feed system, which are not accounted for at the moment. fiona, how much of a toll is being taken by climate change and also by climate related disasters? again, this really varies regionally and in different parts of the globe was seeing an exacerbation of droughts increase intensity of storms. and that i think it's

accepted is attributed to, to climate change and that's going to increase in the next decade. and again, it comes down to this inequality and waste hon communities who don't have the capacity to respond to those crises. and to those changes in the climate system. and so both from, in terms of the production perspective and in terms of household food security, that is going to increase the vulnerabilities that those communities experience. marco, what are some of the worst effected regions in the world? right? now when it comes to the worsening food insecurity. sure, i mean this year in particular, we have managed to understand how increasing tender associated to some of these drivers. and interesting to see that, you know,

when i think drivers about conflict, which is increasing chrissy and density, i'm talking about climate defense. i'm talking about economy gets low into the college effect. and then we also have to keep in mind the inequalities that we have been talking about just to give them an example of the number that you mentioned at the beginning. the additional $161.00 more than many people that aren't updated by hunger. you to compose the reaches into what we call the prisoners under that number for you to composite. what you're seeing is that when these drivers have happened in the world to get into writing, affecting conscious discipline, that means wrong. 12 percent tell you that the country where these, these things don't interact and then only one of them single out of the climate. don't want explain points of david increase compared to that was not affected by clement. now you put this needs to get all over. what do you notice that enough we

can for example, you see that conflict on climate having direct and much more, much more than you go to reading something to explaining greece and africa. of course, not only the prevalence of wonder at present the sub declaration, but also train going forward to turning model hom, increasing hunger. but no, you want to marry from the current again, you will see that coming is locked down whenever affected discipline engine functions. so it's back from, from contract to right. you cannot talk about it without a shot because he's the biggest population in the world. anything that happens there, even if he's a little piece of one person and he brought his talking about me, some people. right. leona, i guess one of the saddest aspects of all this is that you know, these warnings as dire as they are. they're not new. the recommendations that are being made really aren't new. i'm curious about your opinion on, if you believe that governments will actually start trying to change economic

policies in order to try to help improve the situation. i have to be honest, i'm a little bit cynical about the way the governments will respond and, and will exert great influence over the food system. at the moment. a lot of these large multi nationals might have more bargaining power than many of the countries that they are trading in, in the african context. there are some interesting figures around that, but the, you know, there are some wonderful policy opportunities that they can adopt. for instance, if they were, were to choose to, i mean, i could, i could give you 2 examples. of course, the food system is extremely complex, so there is no silver bullet solution. but you know, to quick examples in the african context we have seen in the city, for instance, many african cities tend to regard the shopping mall and these large supermarket

chains as an example or demonstration of a nice wealthy, developed city. so city level policies often tend to favor these kinds of developmental approaches, but shopping malls are in fact that tend to drive a nutritional transition, so they drive people away from healthier diet, right to these industrialized food like products. but at the same time, local researches have shown the importance of informal markets within african cities, both as a source of nutrients, as well as a source of livelihood, so that people can access nutrients. so cities in africa need to prioritize informal markets, even if they don't look at aspiration, right? since as a shopping room. all right, we have run out of times, we're going to have to leave our conversation there. thank you so much. all of our guests on asia bear, marco venetia, sanchez and fiona both week and thank you to for watching, you can see the program again anytime by visiting our website al jazeera dot com

and for further discussion, go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ag inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter. our handle is at a inside story. for me my, how much am jerome and the whole team here? bye for now. the news news. news. news, a new generation of young people are more politically engaged than the one that came before. welcome to generation change a global theories and attempts to challenge and understand the idea of the mobilize youth around the world. in south africa, women who are at the forefront as

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me i oh, $100.00 g m t here on al jazeera, come all santa maria, and these are the headlines, at least $58.00 people are dead. dozens are injured. after a fire swept through a cove at 19 isolation, ward in southern iraq at fire is now under control in now for the 2nd hospital fire that has killed covered 900 patients in iraq. this year, more from munger. it up the we had reporting from back that the reason for this is the same that happened.