tell a different story. they see federal government trips in their allies, committed atrocities against them, and forced them out. but they all agree on one thing. hundreds of few kids died in my camera and many people like my mom, who witnessed the killings and buried the dead, remain deeply traumatized, catching all to 0 my camera if you a player again, i'm fully back today with the headlines on al jazeera, emergency workers in western germany and belgium is searching for hundreds of people. believe me missing after devastating floods. more than $160.00, i confirmed dead with that figure expected to increase delegations from the afghan government and the taliban are meeting in the country capital. despite the talks, violence continues to escalate enough ganesh than the taliban has launched several offences and captured large parts of the country. we hope in we won't.

and we, we expect that to be should have brought something to get him in time. and on our side, we are ready to show flexibility and our aim is clear and that is to have an islamist on a crusade was meant in place in our by nissan. and put an end to this phase of piping and into a new piece which will be our piece and good for south africa. police minister says is concerned about growing racial tension following days of riots and losing more than 200 people were killed. some communities have set out vigilante groups to defend their homes and businesses approaches. response by the jailing of former president jacob, whom i and quickly developed into demonstrations against poverty and inequality. the u. k has recorded almost 55000 cases, of course, 900 in

a day. it's highest number since january friend, health secretary assigned you dr. aid has tested positive for corona virus. it says you're experiencing my symptoms. he receives 2 doses of coffee, 90 of the cobra, 1900 vaccine is warning that the countries daily caseload could double in the coming weeks. thousands of people have been marching through france against with the new corona, virus measures. they include mandatory vaccinations for halfway. people also have to show for the 1900 negative certificates to enter bonds, restaurants and cinemas and cuban president has announced what he calls the fault narrative about anti government protest. miguel diaz canal has a launch run me to counter last week sunrise and go over a shortage of basic goods and curves and civil liberties lead to where hotel. again, the islands commonest rule is this week. those are the headlines on i'll just 0. i have more news for you after inside story say with this me, ah,

ah, ah, devastating floods in europe. wildfires in the arctic and record heat waves in canada and the us, scientists say climate change will make a stream weather event even more frequent. so how should we and our government adapt to the new reality? this is inside story. ah, ah. hello and welcome to the program. i'm a hammer, jim. john, scientists have long warned that climate change will lead to more extreme weather.

we've seen 3 examples just this week. devastating flash floods in europe. wildfires in siberia and the u. s. in canada are facing another heat wave. at least 150 people have died in what's being called once in a century. floods across western germany, belgium and the netherlands. rescuers are scrambling to find more than a 1000 people who are still missing. fast moving flood waters swept away cars, submerged villages, and triggered landslides. some areas recorded more than double the average rainfall for july in just 24 hours. the water was still here. we try to get in the house and get everything up on the like. highest point in the house. so and then we just grabbed, also some stuff that we could see about. we knew, okay, this is important and now we just left, people are saying that this might happen like for now every 510 years or something like that. i'm not sure. and i mean like we try to learn from this. i think if

we go through it was so scary to see the water rise. my car in the carriage is totally destroyed. there was water all the way up to here. i don't think we could have predicted it would happen. we might have expected that the water could rise higher, but not so high that a river virtually went through falcon book. it's just bizarre. in russia, the army is sending plains to put out wildfires in one of the coldest places on earth. 800000 hector's of forests have been burned in siberia. of the wildfires happen every year. scientists say they've become more intense because of unusually high temperatures across the tundra. wildfires are also sweeping across the western regions of canada and the united states. a fire in oregon larger than the size of new york city has been burning for 9 days. forecasters say the wildfires will lead to the regions 4th, heat wave in 5 weeks with temperatures about 40 degrees celsius.

the alright, let's go ahead and bring in our guests in london. tim forsyth, professor of environment and development at the london school of economics and political science in london, sweden, emily, boy, director of learned university center for sustainability studies and a professor of sustainability science and vancouver, simon donner, professor of climate ology at the university of british columbia. a warm welcome to you all, and thanks for joining us on inside story today, simon, let me start with you today. just please talk our viewers through how exactly you go from global warming to then flooding on this scale. what does that process look like? well as well as the planet warming, the atmosphere is able to hold more water. it's not, it's just physics. the more water the warmer, the air is, the greater the capacity of the whole water. people can learn that in your class or university. and so it works out that for about every degree of warming,

there's on average, around 67 percent more water in there, 6 to 7 percent more water in the air. and so it usually is going to mean you're going to see more string rainfall as the planet been warming. now, i don't care whether we can connect that to an individual flood event. that's complicated big, of course, because flooding depends on all sorts of other factors about the landscape, but the rainfall, these incredibly unusual rainfall. we record breaking rainfall. we've seen in western europe certainly has a climate signal limit. emily, whether they are floods in western europe that we're talking about or wildfires in north america. the sad reality that we're faced with in this day and age is that we should be expecting more of these weather extremes as the planet continues to heat up. right? yes, that's correct. i mean according to the climate scientists, this is what our future holds for us. so therefore, it's really important that we engage with the science now to really understand the

effects of these extremes and how they particularly going to affect the most wonderful in our societies across the world. yeah, and let me follow up with you on that because it's one thing when these extreme weather events happen in wealthier countries, but it's something else entirely when they happen in poorer or under developed countries. what kind of an impact is climate change having on these poor countries? well, in, in particular, the effects will be most disproportionately marginalized or those living in poverty and extreme policy. for example, in sub saharan africa. but it's not just simply the effects of climate change on let's say, to security, it's a compounding effect we talk about. so the compounding effect on the risks of the everyday challenges that people face in their lives. so it's also about

creating good development as well as thinking about climate change in the effects of the how does a climate change can, how can cities and societies start to adapt and prepare for these extreme climate events? what mean, what, what can cities do with regard to whether it be, you know, urban planning or, or infrastructure to reduce the risk of say for now flooding? well, basically there are 2 pathways to take. one is to take the water away from the city's or the 2nd is to take the people away from the water. but when they come to a flood, obviously you can do both of the same time. i mean, there been places in europe where they have had instances of flash flooding, which can sometimes be very unexpected. and the infrastructure that have been built has been large, concrete drainage system to remove the water when,

when it happens very quickly. it's quite often that you see cities in like the mountain regions of italy, for example, which i've got a tiny little stream running through the middle that they're located in a large channel which might have like clunks growing and rocks. and it looks very attracted that the purpose of that why the channel is to make sure that where in the event of a large flood from the mountain than the channel can cope with those larger quantities. but also at the same time, you can also engage lives. people am planning to maybe shut down certain areas of the city at the time when the authorities believe that there is a high risk of flooding. or to educate people about what to do in the event of a high risk period. those sorts of things, simon, scientists are saying, and they've been saying for a while now that governments must both cut the carbon emissions that are fueling extreme events. and they also must prepare better for extreme weather. obviously

we've heard this many times in the past. our government's going to finally start heating these warnings. well, you know, every time we have an extreme weather event like this, certainly certainly weather events like this that are fatal governments, individuals, businesses, everybody respond. i do think we have to be careful. ready about assuming that an extreme event is going to inspire the world to action. and i think one of the challenges is we said that before without her king katrina when it hit new orleans that was gonna inspire i'm going to action. hurricane sandy, when hit new york city will do it. and really, i think the challenge here is that it's not just about running away from the impacts of climate change. we need to run to, you know, a future where we've got a lower carbon emissions. and in which we've adapted, and so i think it's about running towards the solutions as much as a runaway from running away from the impacts of climate change. and one example i

think of given the heat waves experience here in vancouver in british columbia is one of the most important solutions for our buildings to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. is a shift from using natural gas for heating to using electric heat pumps. so that's both a good idea for doing emissions, but also that would provide air conditioning way to cool all of these buildings. they don't have it today, so it's sort of does a little bit of both. tim, i saw you nodding along to some of what simon was saying, there, look to me like you want to jump in. so please go ahead. not necessarily. i just agree that you know, the, the interesting thing that we will witness in the next couple of weeks will be the political reaction to this. i know that in europe example they, they passed the had a taishan strategy in the u. european union earlier this year. over the philippines we flashed out. so i think these events will have great influences for shape. what are the taishan strategy will be but it is also crucial that we get it right,

but we don't simply respond to the short term crises. but who said, look at this as an opportunity to start thinking in a join got way between like energy, see, but also how people live with risk at the same time. it's not just about climate change, adaptation mitigation both together in, in acceptable ways. emily from your vantage point, what are some of the concrete steps that need to be taken so that societies and governments can really start to adapt to this new reality? well, i would say 1st and foremost like taking a step back, we obviously need to mitigate and tackle emission stuff like them the most important thing and take action on that and fulfill the purchase agreement. now we're all going to have to dock no matter watch. so there are a range of very practical approaches to that. i mean,

ranging from some of the physical changes to infrastructure planning and so on him and some of mentioned, but also really important is this public awareness and the educational side. so for people to understand, not just we might need to learn from this is one of one of the respondents video clips suggested. we actually need to really be informed about this at all scales now. and also our governments need to be very seriously involved in committing to adaptation finance towards adaptation, but also following through the implementation of the station strategies and options connecting these to risk comprehensive risk management plans and new ways to think about how we govern under new climate or smart world, tim, you know, emily, there was just talking about adaptation and implementation. i'm curious from, from your purch there. you know, how does all this play into, you know,

the concept of disaster management? i mean, are we going to see particular protocols or codes of conduct set up more and more in order to make things safer for populations around the world and dealing with these extreme weather events? well, to be honest, those sorts of stuff has been happening for some years already. there are various frameworks for disaster risk management. i think what's going on at the moment is that the field of disaster risk management like dealing with floods, earthquakes, and things like that are, is increasingly becoming connected to climate change adaptation. they're no longer separate feels and this is partly because people are now focusing more upon who is vulnerable and why to these events. like maybe 30 years ago, 20 years ago. when we talked about adaptation, we usually talk about physical infrastructure to for example, talk, sea level rise, affecting low lying land. nowadays, we're talking more about the station in the sense of diversifying line views. so

that for example, if mine does get inundated by floods or rising sea levels, then it doesn't necessarily hurt the people who did that because they have ways because of living. now, all of that will require much more of a sort of engagement with economic change and education and opportunities for people in certain parts of the wells which are at risk from plugs to have jobs or opportunities in other areas. whether or not so many risks lie back. so what's, what's happening there is a gradual process of integrating disaster risk management with economic planning at the national level. and i think that's already happening. emily, i saw you reacting to some of what tim was saying and it looked to me like you, you wanted to jump in, so go ahead think here. yeah, i think it's also referring back to what tim is saying about many actions and

activities have been developing already. but also that me, simon said earlier about we don't necessarily stream 6 dream events leading to action or social my boy's ation. but i think this is an area that we need to understand much more about because we do see the emergence of social movement. we do see the youth groups. we do see the emergence of grass have for example, and engagement and people be interested in issues around to see military and issues of climate change increasingly. so i'm wondering that perhaps, you know, these events are having an effect on a momentum obsession engagement. maybe it's not fast enough, maybe it's on the small scale, but we need to understand better if that is actually happening. simon, overall, how prepared do you think countries around the world are to deal with these calamities that have been brought about by extreme weather events or re i think it

really varies of between countries. it really varies within countries. you see it even here where i live in british, british columbia, canada parts of the province are very prepared for the extreme heat in, for fire as other parts or not. and that, that variance from place to places what's, what's really worrisome to me, you know, one of the core parts of the paris climate agreement was not just to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, to, to avoid 2 degrees or one and a half the reason warming, but was to mobilize funds to help the developing world respond to climate change. and that is an area where, where the developed world has really been failing. emily, what do you think? do you think that the, the upcoming landmark climate conference call 26 that the this inequity will actually be addressed? i mean, do you think that the richer countries will actually start helping poor countries in battling climate change in giving them the resources they need in order to either fight climate change in global warming or to adapt to it?

yeah, while one would hope so, however, i mean, i think it's the challenge now also indicated situation we've just seen, for example, the united kingdom cutting back on the international 8 budget. so i think we're giving different signals here in terms of the commitment to support developing countries in adapting to climate change. so i'm a little bit worried about that. the moment. i mean, simon, i saw you nodding there as well. so i want to, i want to ask, what exactly you want to say in response to emily, but i also want to follow up with, you know, in talking about cop 26. i mean, do you think that, you know, all of these warnings will finally start being heated when it comes to that conference? i mean, will there be more of an impetus to actually change the behaviors of countries around the world? so the carbon emissions can be reduced. well, you know, i think the changing government in the united states and also problems that have come from china, promises that have come from canada, korea, etc. i think,

you know, in the new plan released by the u. it does seem like there's been a, been a big shift in the past year on the willingness to really go for deep permit deep emission cuts in the next 30 years. you know, putting some of that into practice is going to be challenging. but i do think you're going to hear a bit of a different tone and call 26. then it's some, some previous meetings with the caveat that so many countries are, are deeply struggling through the pandemic that asking for big leads of money right now. maybe challenging tim, on a more fundamental level we've talked, we've spoken about, you know, trying to adapt to this. we've spoken about, you know, things that needed to be implemented by governments around the world. but how do you shift behaviors so that people are less vulnerable when these types of events happen? what kind of steps need to be taken in order to do that? well, they could be various types of education. you know, like we could use model from the past of educating people about other health risks

by smoking or things like that. but basically, i think that has to be a multi level approach talking about how individuals can also take responsibility. you know, like find talked about the heat pump for example, as a whole kind of natural gas. i think there is a growing market back in london. in particular, we have a shift in the last few years away from old gasoline engines and diesel towards electric cars. and i think this is a big shift and this is partly driven, as emily was saying by a growing social, mobilize ation around this issue. so basically, education publicity, but also getting the message across the adaptation doesn't have to be a loss. it doesn't have to be a input to upon people to lose something, but it's actually a positive thing that you know, you're getting a better quality of life. and it's all parts of living in the world as is happening at the moment. so education programs,

but also government schemes to allow people to understand what needs to be done and then giving them possibly incentives to do that for the stuff. emily, we've spoken a lot during this conversation about, you know, things that need to happen. improvements that need to be made in different parts of the world in order to combat climate change. i want to ask you if there are some places where they are getting it right. if there are some bright spots out there, you know, that could teach the rest of us a lesson i know on how to really combat climate change and how to deal with the environment here. well, i think there's plenty of examples out there. there's a lot of work going on in the see 40 cities initiatives and cities like mama in sweden for example, and being doing a lot of times a greening infrastructure and crashing sort of protection from sea level rise and so on. but i guess i wanted to add is that the,

this is not an easy solution. this is not a one stop shop. there's going to have to be a lot of a lot of direction here, but also engagement from people in general. and i think that in this regard it's, we have to remain resilient in this change and these transformations that we're going to have to trace. and to be able to recognize the challenge of as we recognize that it's a, it's a large and challenging situation that we find ourselves. and so i would like to say that there are more beacons of light out. there may be my colleagues, tim and some have other examples. i think that whether or not there is there examples around the well that we looked was, we certainly need to scale these up on a, on a very big scale now and have a real commitment to that scaling out 10 limits or the question to you as well, i mean, are there some examples out there of cities or countries that are getting it right?

you know, that are setting an example for the rest of us. well, guessing it right is, is a very positive way of talking about things. i think the various cities that are already taking important steps and could do a lot more. i know, for example, that the city of amsterdam, for example, which of course is very low lying next to the c has taken various steps to change the, the planning of a city to deal with multiple aspects of sustainability at the same time like waste management, traffic management energy management, all those things that the same time in concerning the actual physical management of risk. well, in coffee stage, for example, singapore is usually a good example of a city that has a better standard of dealing with things like flooding than others. use light, bangkok, bangkok is in a difficult situation because it's at the bottom of the big river, and that's at the top of the big bay and therefore fetched locations like new

orleans for example, will flood occasionally. but singapore, on the other hand, really does have quite provide because on to choose was infrastructure such as having deep drains to deal with flash floods when they happen. and even though infrastructure like that is relatively simple, i think it can be copied by the city simon. this past week there was a new study that was published by the journal nature saying that portions of the amazon rain forest are now releasing more carbon dioxide than they absorb. how worrying is that to you and how devastating of an impact could that have? it is, it is something that you know, when we're doing the accounting of this, you know, the causes of climate change where the carbon dioxide is coming from, you know, around 85 to 90 percent of this point is coming from fossil fuel burning, not with the rest largely coming from d for deforestation, and that number has been the fraction that that's coming from fossil fuel burning

has been going up over time, largely because we've increased fossil fuel burning. so much, not that we've decreased deforestation by that much. and the problem is that a lot of countries are banking on their forests to, to absorb some of the carbon dioxide from fossil fuel burning. and why not, as we see the impacts of climate change effect force has happened here in canada where we had, we've had obviously quite bad forest fires this year and in some previous years. but also past outbreaks of heard our force that affects the current balance of the force and effects government assumptions about what level of emissions from fossil fuels are, are going to be allowable to do you know, to hit the target you're aiming for. and so, you know, the data from amazon, the recent data from amazon is really just pointed, the importance of cutting emissions from all other means. and simon, we just have a little less than a minute left. let me just ask you this. you know,

we've heard so many warnings from scientists over the years, and we're seeing so many warning signs right now from your perspective. just just how dire is the overall situation right now. to me the message, the message in the math of this is really simple. the more we admit, the more the planet warms and the more people suffer, and we've been seeing that in the past few weeks around the world. and that's why it's so important to work to reduce emissions. all right, well we have run out of time, so we're going to have to leave the conversation there. thanks so much. all of our guest, tim foresight, emily boyd and simon donner. and thank you for watching. you can see this and all of our previous programs, again, any time visiting our website, algebra dot com. and for further discussion, go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ha, inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter. our handle is at a g inside story for me, how much i'm drilling the whole team here. bye for now. the

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shadow. the cost of coal, both people in power on and just, you know, what's most important to me is talking to people understanding what they're going through here as we believe everyone has a story worth hearing. ah, so i'm fully battle in though how we look at the headlines on al jazeera, emergency workers in western germany and belgium. i searching for hundreds of people believe to be missing after devastating floods. more than $160.00, i confirm dead with that figure expected to rise. german chancellor, anglo merkel will visit the region on sundays that vast and report from the german town of of scott. it was rush hour when the water quickly inundated highway number 265 near f stop catching unexpected.