69th birthday, there's unlikely to be much pump or ceremony this year with coded restrictions in play. a special celebration suffocating 1st, likely to be very muted. but many people think once those restrictions lifted for testers, calling for reform of the monarchy could hit the streets. once again, in recent months, the king has stayed out of the public eye when he's been seen, he's relied on the queen for support. and despite his position of power, he appears to be a monarch unsure of his relationship with his subjects. tony ching al jazeera banker ah, recapping your top stories here on al jazeera june, is he as president, demanding the return of billions of dollars of stolen public money? he says $460.00 individuals are being investigated. on sunday he sank the prime minister and froze the parliament. yes, for i will ask them to seek reconciliation,

which is better than prosecution. i'm not one of those who prefers putting people in prison, but the money is owed to the people and the money has been stolen for decades. these people have to be held accountable for any defect. they cause to any projects, whether they be hospitals or anything to do with public services. the us senate has advanced a $1.00 trillion dollar infrastructure package by $67.00 votes to $32.00. earlier senate republicans said they reached a deal with democrats standing issues, sentences in a bipartisan group, but been working with the white house to move forward with the plan. i think this is a incredible opportunity for us to both improve our infrastructure, which is badly needed make us more competitive. but 2nd, to show that bipartisanship can work, we can get things done in his town. so i'm, i'm very pleased with our ability tonight to move on to legislation and continue to demonstrate that pedro castillo is being sworn in as peruse, new president,

after weeks of uncertainty, the former union leader and teacher defeated keiko for g. maureen, in a run off in june, his left wing policy wants to rewrite the constitution and to address inequality. turkey sho, thirties of intercepted abode carrying more than 230 people in the aegean. many of them were afghans escaping the intensifying conflict. there dozens of people have been injured by a wildfire and self in turkey. the strong winds sent the flames towards the mediterranean resort. town of man. i've got homes in 4 districts in the town were evacuated. the cause is being investigated england's allowing fully vaccinated visitors in from the us and the e. u to arrive without the need to coronating. it comes into effect on monday. those are your top story so far. this our up next it's insides story. i'll have a quick summary for you in about 20 minutes. ah,

ah. ah, who is the right? the coven? 19 vaccine, rich countries again fail to reach an agreement on what's called intellectual property. many say a way you could whose production others argue it would hamper innovation. so is that a middle ground? this is inside store. ah hello and welcome to the program. i'm bernard smith. inoculations of a number, one weapon against the covert 19 bars,

but not everyone has equal access. and for 2nd time, the sheer members of the world trade organization have failed to find a compromise on vaccine. peyton, waivers, south africa, india, and the us, backed by dozens of countries, a leading calls of the suspension of intellectual property rights on several jobs. they say it would help increase production worldwide and end the pandemic, much quicker. but drug companies and some european nations are against it, saying the waiver will not help developing nations. what leaders will meet again in september and october this year to find a solution. the world trade organization spokesman keith rockwell says it's a very emotional issue. adding that getting production in developing countries to a higher level so that more shots can go into more arms in africa. latin america and asia is of critical importance to everyone. and some countries standing against the way that we're looking for a pragmatic outcome,

whatever that may be. we're going to go to, i guess, in a moment. but 1st let's look at how many people have been vaccinated so far around the world. bolton, 3900000000 doses in 180 countries have been administered so far. according to data collected by bloomberg, the united arab emirates is vaccinated the most people per capita, followed by malta and bahrain with more than 2 thirds of the population's having received both doses in the u. k. just over half of the population of 66000000 have received a full vaccination and the united states has not yet inoculated half of its population . meanwhile, places like djibouti and zambia remain as some of the least vaccinated countries in the world with an average of just one vaccine for every 100 people. the let's bring it our guests. joining us on zoom from boston is brooke baker, professor of law at the ne,

in university, from about as in zebra. he may have had of biotechnology lab there about medical school and from what i can france pulled carmen's professor of intellectual property law at the university of nottingham. a war welcome to you all 1st broke to you. should there be a waiver on the vaccine payton's? well, absolutely did it be a waiver. we've waited for boland jury efforts to, to no avail. we have grossly inadequate supply need just the high prices and really what is accurately called vaccine a part time. and in terms of the mal distribution that you described in your introduction after the waiver will get the intellect, intellectual property, barriers out of the way. so production can be increased. forgive me of it. should that be a waiver? talking from africa without any thoughts? i think with one percent of the population vaccinated, we need more back see,

and they do agree we need a waiver and paul, quickly the use simple as that wave patterns and off we go. i don't think it's as simple as that. i think there's many other factors that play, but on the other hand, i agree with my colleagues that if we have this tool in the trucks agreement, if this is not the occasion which we use it, then we should probably never use the scrap it. so maybe there should be a waiver, but there should be much more than a waiver. there should be other metrics as well. otherwise won't work. i made a waiver, is not the medical solution. broke speed is clearly of the essence and getting the vaccine administered is taking the w a w t o 9 months. so far to not get very far is not a quick away sharing technology. perhaps the system is gone instead of in south africa recently something quicker than waiting for the waivers. well, i think what we've seen is delay on all fronts. the w h o set up are covered 1900 technology access pool last june,

and not one by pharmaceutical company has put one i order intellectual property into that tool tool box for the last 13 months. now we have very much waiting on the waiver, and you know, we could actually look at what the world is doing and, and wonder why the world is, keeps kicking, the intellectual property bogged down the field. and maybe it's actually taking it off the field. we needed solutions last year. we didn't get them then we need solutions now. and instead of addressing the issue now the w t o and, and the rich countries are basically going on vacation. tens of thousands of people die before the next formal meeting of the trips council up. and it's simply outrageous that the european union lead by germany is continuing to oppose the waiver. and it's frankly also re just the president by sitting on the fence and

watching the fight go on without constructively engaging with a very sensible, pragmatic proposal that south africa in india have put for that said, i certainly agree that voluntary efforts should also be taken. but they have to go beyond the contract manufacturing agreements and, and fill and finish agreements that we've seen from industry thus far. they're really trying to work mainly within the cartel and with their favored larger scale contract manufacturers. and that's helped to produce the insufficient supply that we're currently experiencing as being you've got to sign a form. going to start production in morocco box a much quick away, isn't it? than relying on waiting for waivers on the patients. why exactly? i think him roku and other countries, egypt for example. so okay, i think the looking at doing the film and finish because the easy way and the quickest way to get to produce a vaccine. but i think you then stand that will be lots of communication with that

because there is companies and profits behind this. but i agree with broke. what you said. and the more analogy it's great happening to, to, to say that i think we have to be realistic, these countries. and on top of them, germany, they are just buying time. that the reality of things i think the little and they have to go. and so to say it's bluntly, they are just letting people buying africa and places, hoping that they will get enough machination. and there are countries, and after that they would ship them to the poor countries. but i think, and i think, and i have to be really, frankly, to this kind of attitude, then this kind of approaches from the richest country that's might be, may be you will be bitten by about by your approach. because if you live africa 1300000000 of population wise and live them without, the vaccination may be a super wanting to become in. and if it is cape in any immunity,

it will come back home to and bite you. and maybe we'll be playing, catch 22 and think why i think it in a reasonable person, for a more issue. we'll say, let's with evan if and just this time. second, think every, a reasonable person will think that we can manage the pandemic locally. but i think to come out of it, we have to think globally, paul, just help us understand when we're talking about waving payton's, what is it that the companies are expected to give up and he's not just the ingredients of the, of the vaccine we're talking about is it why they so nervous about giving up what they've learned? well, i think what they are nervous about giving up is the lifeline that everyone should know. i mean, forget about the kinds of things for the time being, but one should not underestimate the investment that is made in the developing medicines in general and patterns, all they are to provide a return on investment. there's very little normally with 19 was an exception.

there's very little investment by governments and thousands of subsidies and doing the resource. so the normal expectation of these companies is that true patterns? i'm not saying there are no abuses far from it, but they don't get the return on their investment. so if they are not all to waive that have happened right? and i think we're to give away their return on investment. that is a big step for them. it's also important to note these companies. it's not just happens if i give you the way you can make the vaccine. i mean, you need to know how you need also things in the path. so there's also a need to scan machines, all these things need to be provided. and the last thing these companies want in the fall, how this will be waived, things will go horribly wrong. there will be contaminated vaccine. there was this incident in a plant in the united states already. that was on the license, but i mean, you know,

then their name and their patient will go down the line. so i think they are very weary, but they come train. they don't have the spot train and skilled technicians. they don't have the staff to send it around to shed know how and facilitate things, and therefore their preferred option is to keep control. and i think i can, i can understand that as a patent lawyer. i mean, i think there should do something here, but i can understand that they want to keep control a new licensing trade license. they are reasonable conditions would be a way out. but i understand that we're moving the mail space and that's not a good idea. or a book that you have, it is an argument we often hear you force these companies to, to give up by payton's to waiver patients. and you store problems with a long term that you put people off, investigate future cures and, and remedies. well, i don't think we should forget that governments and charities invested billions and did tens of billions of dollars in the development and clinical approval of the

vaccines we're currently seeing on the market governance invested significantly, and also had done so significantly before the pandemic. because industry was under investing and vaccine technology platforms and government really took up the slack in that regard. but we also have to look at what the money that's coming in into the coffers. there are estimates the industry standards to make between 98000000000 and 190000000000 dollars this year from vaccine sales. so the idea that they have not already earning return on investment is natalie week. it's per postures for minimal investments on their own. instead, which were larger investment for larger, subsidized by governments there and they are earning or miss earning incredible returns. and then, you know, keeping this recipe secret. now i do a great and loop in the proponents of the waiver have agreed. patents alone are not

enough. we need the confidential information to trade secrets, manufacturing, know how and some, in some cases the cell lines. we need the underlying technology as well. and so the proponents have very clearly stated why the other intellectual property bears need also to be overcome. what my theory of, of the importance of the waiver is that if need be, it could be applied, it could be implemented at the national level and then applied by countries. but i think the stronger possibility is with the threat of the waiver. it even stronger if the waiver exactly passed and adopted by the w t o. the drug companies in vaccine manufacturers will come to the table in a different way. instead of backing off from sharing technology, they will realize it's in their interest to share voluntarily. because now there's a credible threat of involuntary action. thus far with no thread don't carry action . we see a tight control within the existing cartel, inadequate supplies,

or there are many other barriers that need to be overcome, including the staffing and the somewhat sent investments and improving facilities and so forth. but the idea that we should just continue to wait and africa and the rest, the global south will be no waiting with a beggar bowl. while the us and europe continue to stockpile to buy additional doses 422220222023. to begin to prepare to distribute doses for new variance and booster shots. well, health workers in africa still are doing without. it's just outrageous. but other than even if there is a waiver of the peyton's is the developing world in a position to deliver, to administer the vaccine quickly. the u. s. was very quick at investing and developing a vaccine. it locked behind when it came to putting jobs in arms. why thinking, ne, not think we don't have this kind of problem actually, just so you said that we enroll gradually. we have a half a 1000000 of the population was vaccinated in one day. i think when i used to

vaccination, the culture of us to vaccination is, is here in africa and africans. i really know the importance of vaccination. the problem, i think probably countries it down to boxes because when they will get to 30 to 6067 percent, that the other 33 percent will not be vaccinated. and we'd come back to the same point. they will have more vaccine on their hands. and do, would we be waiting for other people for other hesitant to to come vaccinate the other thing? i think it's a little more when you start talking about like 2 nights and children and we have entries and people are asking africa, max, nathan, i do understand that when you have investment, you have a huge investment in time and money when you are a company but they think that what they are afraid goal is to set a precedent. that's what they are afraid though. they think that by sitting this

precedent, they will open up the door and may be more cases like that will become in the 2nd thing. they don't want to share that technology for one reason because they are afraid this may be, competitors will be they will be creating competitors actually if they think that we don't have a know. so what is the problem? i don't see any problem. we could just had left left the wave wave, the, the protection and let this country try to do it. but i think the out know doing it's because they want to keep the rest of the be afraid. all that there will be creating more competitors in the future. i'm not sitting up a precedent for this kind of approach. it's paul isn't the argument that the bio biotech companies make the best, could set up a precedence, a bit of a red herring. this is a unique global event, a pandemic. this is, this is a one off surely. well, i mean, if you look at, if you care to look at the trips agreement,

this is the exceptional scenario for the one off case. you know, this is not rewriting the trips agreement. i mean major, including myself would like to rewrite strips agreement, but this is not what's happening. this is using the emergency exit for an emergency situation. so i really don't think that this is about them being afraid of losing it. all, some people in the industry, no doubt, are afraid of that, but i don't think that's the general feeling. i should also point out that, you know, in reality, i mean, do you carry united states under recently, they know like for over themselves in defense of the european union, it should be said that they have all, most next for as many vaccine consult. so i think there is a genuine is proficient effort going all to share. and i think in these i would agree with my colleague in morocco, the developing countries, i mean of my family in law comes from asia. i mean,

they are very well equipped and very well able to vaccinate and they are rolling out as quickly as they can. so i think we really should find the way voluntary with the backup are indeed over, attract the pressure, so there should be more licensing that they should be more productive if we can find all material. if we can distribute the thing that logistics in that we should roll it out more quickly, beatrice waiver, be it through hold risky. i think of all risky by the by interest is probably the more realistic one. and i hope that we get there in september of my colleagues of that talk to late the better late than never broke. what role is geo politics playing in all of this? russia and china stole a limelight where they were the 1st to start giving out to start distributing vaccines outside their own countries wouldn't help the european union if they were, if they were to encourage a waiver and, and see that the vaccines distributed more widely. well, i think, you know,

the perspective as i understand from my, my car colleagues in the global cell is that the specter of rich countries race to the front of the line and stockpile doses. in some instances, a 10 doses for, you know, each person and their country for them to now be standing in the way of additional supplies coming to, to countries that haven't even been able to vaccinate one percent of their population. i mean, it's truly outrageous and it's already has been said, the variance create a risk. it's a stupid policy from the perspective of europe as well. europe should just simply admit that it's made a mistake. that, that at this point in time, preserving the profits of the industry is no match to the viral firestorm which is approaching from all sides. the longer people remain on vaccinated, not only will they die, their family suffer, their economy suffer, but variance will grow and they threaten whatever vaccine progress has been

accomplished in the global morse. so it's a stupid policy and up for geo political reasons and more recent and public health reasons jerk should change of position in the us should help europe change his position by acting hand in hand with india and south africa to actually produce a text. and to do so over this vacation period. so they come back in september and say we have a draft text. but see if germany wants to stand alone in opposing a text that now has the u. s. and premature on it. i don't think that's going to happen. so yeah, you know, europe in particular needs to stop its opposition and be seen as actually contributing to a more robust global response in the u. s. s. to get off the fence and actually make the waiver happen. either the in this deal at pfizer and beyond tech have signed to fill and finish in south africa. send the product out africa to be filled up. they're not going to start doing producing until the end of next year with

distribution. early in 2023 seems a very long way off considering as we know how quickly variance seem to appear, how do we get things moving more quickly? why agree with you about it? because i think when you look at it from a scientific point of view, from just common sense, actually because you will not want to take this risk actually leaving huge numbers of population without the vaccine because it's could, it's a really terrible thing. it's terrible decision. it says it might have and you are in some buster, you will be coming back and start another pandemic. and i think i have to say the word actually i could, i resisted but i have to say it's stupid, it's really stupid to do that. i think the other thing just coming back to the position between the europeans and the americans. i think they just play in good cop bad cop. i mean that's the real bank. i think they are on the same page and they are just trying to buy time because the position for a company is it's

a really strong one. but my question will be based on what, what you asked me, what are the alternatives, what we should do, we should just let this country by time and, and then they would from october and go to december of go to the next year and leave not just this countries because when i talk about buying in africa, in globalized word, i'm talking to her work because you're going to be going everywhere. should we just leave this country decide for that? i think it's really the concerns to stop portion of the w t o. it's a really good question in this matter. while that was very quick question on the w t o for you paul, how much is its credibility at stake with this is already had trouble from donald trump when he was president. what's on that was on state care for the w. c. o. very quick counsellor, please. i think there's, although i think united states under the drum, and it's not really changing a little a significantly undermine the power of

w t. o. to reach agreement to do anything without significant backing from the u. s . this is not going to happen as a w to you will eventually perish. but i think what we need, 1st of all, is the us to start pulling the european example and supplying all the salt piles of vaccines, developing countries that is not happening. that would put us in a much stronger position to sort of leadership in the w t o. later on and say well, we're doing this. and now all of us are touring the lines and we're going to agree in a waiver. i think that will be the way forward, otherwise w 0 will carry and will be farther away from any solution that we ever were and broke. how long do we agree this way before 3 years seems to be a number of us bounded about? is that sufficient, or is this a permanent thing? you want to say? when i pick a decent franco last as long as the damage last, i think 3 years was a minimum proposed by the proponents. i think there's going to be negotiations on

that. if there's a set time, i actually think it should be longer than 3 years. 5 or 6 years, even because we just don't know how long the variance are going to continue to circle the world. but you know that that's really a minor issue in the real sense. if we get some expanded production, if we get control this pandemic, collectively the world is gonna be so happy, it's going to be able to move forward. socially families are going to be able to do things that they haven't, haven't been doing businesses and economic activities to rebound. the longer we procrastinate, the longer we protect the interests of one industry, only big pharma, the longer this pandemic last. so the waiver that the duration of the waiver would actually need to be much shorter if it were passed. that's. that's the irony of the situation. or are gentlemen, we are unfortunately out of time, but thank you to you all to brook baker to as it never he, me, and to poll torments, and thank you to for watching,

you can see the program at any time by visiting our website, al jazeera dot com for more debate. go to our facebook page, facebook dot com forward slash ha, inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter. we are a j inside store for me, bernard smith, and the whole team here by the me, ah, ah ah, ah, ah,

which is here. when ever you ah, all in 2001 fear, friends around our australians accused of being enemies within and attacking the way of life. treated like we were all suspects. we were all struggling to adapt to the new found home out there explored the history of the lebanese community and australia once upon a time and punched on out era. the natures means as it breaks the government, so have the population will be affect the that's includes millions of people who live on the river for there was applied with detail coverage not only were residents completely taken by surprise by the flux. they also overwhelmed

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