and for so many years, the country has been mired in poverty misery due to exploitation of thieving by politicians that a brother, one of ours arrives that the government gives hope to his old many celebrated castillo historic new start. but it will be an uphill battle with an opposition that congress is likely the new precedent will find roadblocks to implement reforms . the question is peruvian. desperate for change are willing to wait at the n s, i'm just to see that lima beta. ah, and i take you through some of the headlines here now just 0 now to new year's president is accusing politicians of corruption and demanding the return of billions of dollars. he says was stolen from the public co sign. they also dismissed the head of the national state television. on wednesday, the battle is intensifying for revel controlled neighborhood in southern syria.

government forces of surrounded an area and data which has been besieged for more than a month. it's home 240000. people have been cut off from food and medicine. have a fighting is continuing across parts of southern afghanistan. it's been taking place around kandahar city where 20 people have been injured in the past. few hours . strikes have been reported in neighboring helmand province. hundreds of thousands of children, a going to bed hungry and leather, then reports vi save the children, found more and more parents are unable to pay for food and medicine. even worse for syrian refugees in lebanon, 9 out of 10 families are living in extreme poverty. covered 19 cases in a limpid games host, city toko, are continuing to search. it reported more than 3800 new infections on 1st, they record high. japan is seeing its highest daily numbers since it began

the international then pick committee. and since the games they're not responsible for kids worsening situation. as far as i'm aware, there's not a single case of an infection spreading to tokyo population from, from the athlete. so moving, so i can't really go go beyond that and, and simply say also that as far as i'm aware, also not a single severe case has occurred amongst our state codes the by the ministrations. $1.00 trillion dollar infrastructure bill has crossed the major hurdle in the us. senate members voted to advance the funding package by 67 to 32. the bill includes $550000000000.00 and spending on public works projects. the headlines, it's inside story, news,

news, news, news, news, hello is the right. the cobit 19 vaccine. rich countries again fail to reach an agreement on what's called intellectual property. many say a way you could whose production others argue it would hamper innovation. so is that a middle ground? this is inside store. ah, ah! hello and welcome to the program. i'm bernard smith. inoculations of a number one weapon against the coven 19 bars. but not everyone has equal access.

and for 2nd time, the sheer members of the world trade organization have failed to find a compromise on vaccine peyton waivers, south africa, india, and the us backed by dozens of countries, a leading calls of a suspension of intellectual property rights on several jobs. they say it would help increase production worldwide and end the pandemic, much quicker. but drug companies and some european nations are against it, saying the waiver will not help developing nations. world leaders will meet again in september and october this year to find a solution. the world trade organization spokesmen, keith rockwell says it's a very emotional issue. adding that getting production in developing countries to a high level so that more shots can go into more arms in africa. latin america and asia is of critical importance to everyone on some countries that standing against the way that we're looking for a pragmatic outcome,

whatever that may be. we're going to go to, i guess, in a moment. but 1st, let's look at how many people have been vaccinated so far around the world. bolton, 3900000000 doses in a 180 countries have been administered so far. according to data collected by bloomberg, the united arab emirates is vaccinated the most people per capita, followed by malta and bahrain with more than 2 thirds of their populations. having received both doses in the u. k. just over half of the population of 66000000 have received a full vaccination and the united states has not yet inoculated half of its population . meanwhile, places like djibouti and zambia remain as some of the least vaccinated countries in the world with an average of just one vaccine for every 100 people. the let's bring it our guests. joining us on zoom from boston is brooke baker, professor of law,

the northeast and university. from about as in zebra, he may have had of biotechnology lab of the robot medical school. and from what i can france pool torments, professor of intellectual property law at the university of nottingham. a warm welcome to you all 1st book to you. should there be a waiver on the vaccine peyton's well, absolutely. that needs to be a waiver. we've waited for voluntary efforts to, to no avail. we have grossly inadequate supply need just the high prices and really what is accurately called vaccine a part time. and in terms of the mail distribution that you described in your introduction as a waiver, will get the intellect, intellectual property, barriers out of the way. so production can be increased. forgive me as it should that be a waiver? talking from africa without any thoughts? i think with one percent of the population vaccinated,

we need more vaccine and they do agree we need a waiver. and paul quickly to use it as simple as that wave, the peyton's and off we go. i don't think it's as simple as that. i think there's many other factors that play, but on the other hand, i agree with my colleagues that if we have this tool in the trucks agreement, if this is not the occasion which we use it, then we should probably never use the scrap it. so maybe there should be a waiver, but there should be much more than a way over the should be other matters as well. otherwise won't work. i made a waiver, is not the medical solution. broke speed is clearly of the essence and getting the vaccine administered is taking the w a w 9 months. so far to not get very far is not a quick away sharing technology. perhaps the system is gone instead of in south africa recently, something quicker than wasting the waivers. well, i think what we've seen is delay on all fronts. the w h o set up are covered 19 technology access pool last june and not one by pharmaceutical company has put

one i order intellectual property into that tool tool box for the last 13 months. now we have 9 months waiting on the waiver, and you know, we could actually look at what the world is doing and, and wonder why the world is, keeps kicking, the intellectual property bogged down the field. and maybe it's actually taking it off the seals. we needed solutions last year. we didn't get them then we need solutions now. and instead of addressing the issue now that w cio and, and the rich countries are basically going on vacation. tens of thousands of people die before the next formal meeting. over trips council up and is simply outrageous that the european union lead by germany is continuing to oppose the waiver. and it's frankly also re just the president by sitting on the fence and watching the

fight go on without constructively engaging with a very sensible, pragmatic proposal. that south africa in india have put for that said, i certainly agree that voluntary effort should also be taken, but they have to go beyond the contract manufacturing agreements and, and fill and finish agreements that we've seen from industry thus far. they're really trying to work mainly within the cartel and with their favored larger scale contract manufacturers. and that's helped to produce it up in sufficient supply that we're currently experiencing as being you've got to sign a fall. going to start production in morocco box a much quick away, isn't it? than relying on waiting for waivers on the patients. why exactly? i think him roku and other countries. egypt for example. so okay, i think we are looking at doing the film and finish because the easy way and the quickest way to get to produce a vaccine. but i think you can stand that will be lots of communication with that

because there is companies and profits behind this. but i agree with broke. what you said. and the more analogy it's great happening to, to, to say that i think we have to be realistic, these countries. and on top of them, germany, they are just buying time. that the reality of things i think the little and they have to go. and so to say it's bluntly, they are just letting people buying africa and places, hoping that they will get enough machination. and there are countries. and after that they would ship them to the poor countries. but i think, and i think, and they have to be really, frankly, to this kind of attitude and this kind of approach that from the richest country that's might be, may be you will be bitten by about by your approach. because if you live africa 1300000000 of population wise and live them without, the vaccination may be a super wanting to become in. and if it is cape in any immunity,

it will come back home to and bite you. and maybe we'll be playing, catch 22 and think why i think it in a reasonable person for more issue we'll say, let's with evan if and just this time. second, think every, a reasonable person will think that we can manage the pandemic locally. but i think to come out of it, we have to think globally, paul, just help us understand when we're talking about waving payton's, what is it that the companies are expected to give up, but he's not just the ingredients of the, of the vaccine we're talking about is it why they so nervous about giving up what they've learned? well, i think what they are nervous about giving up is the lifeline that everyone should know. i mean, forget about the funds i make for the time being, but one shouldn't underestimate the investment that is made in developing medicines in general and patterns, all they are to provide a return on investment. there's very little normally with my team was an exception

. there's very little investment by governments and some of the subsidies and doing the research. so the normal expectation of these companies is that true patterns? i'm not saying there are no abuses far from it, but they don't get the return on their investment. so if they are not all to waive that have happened right? and i think we're to give away their return on investment. that is a big step for them. it's also important to note these companies. there's not just patterns. if i give you the way you can make the vaccine, i mean, you need to know how you need also things in the path. so there's also a need to scan migrations. all these things need to be provided. and the last thing these companies want in the fall, how this will be waived, things will go horribly wrong, there will be contaminates. in fact, there was this incident in a plant in the united states already that was on the license, but i mean, you know,

then their name and their reputation will go down the line. so i think they are very weary, but they come train. they don't have the train and skilled technicians, they don't have the staff to send it around to share, know how and facilitate things, and therefore their preferred option is to keep control. and i think i can, i can spend that as a patent lawyer. i mean, i think they should do something here, but i can understand that they want to keep control a new licensing, re license. they are reasonable conditions. won't be a way out, but i understand that we're moving the mail space and that's not a good idea. or a book that you have, it is an argument we often hear you force these companies to, to give up by payton's, the waiver peyton's and you store problems for the long term that you put people off, investigate future cures and, and remedies. well, i don't think we should forget that governments and charities invested brilliant and did tens of billions of dollars in the development and clinical approval of the

vaccines we're currently seeing on the market governance invested significantly, and also had done so significantly before the pandemic. because industry was under investing and vaccine technology platforms and government really took up the slack in that regard. but we also have to look at what the money that's coming in of in the coffers. there are estimates the industry standards to make between 98000000000 and 190000000000 dollars this year from vaccine sales. so the idea that they have not already earning return on investment is natalie week. it's per postures for minimal investments on their own. instead, which were larger investment for larger subsidized by governments. they are and they are earning or miss earning incredible returns. and then, you know, keeping this recipe secret. now i do agreed and in the proponents of the waiver have agreed. patents alone are not enough. we need the confidential information to

trade secrets, manufacturing, know how in some, in some cases the cell lines. we need the underlying technology as well. and so the proponents have very clearly stated why the other intellectual property bears need also to be overcome. what my theory of, of the importance of the waiver is that if need be, it could be apply, it could be implemented at the national level and then applied by countries. but i think the stronger possibility is with the threat of the waiver. it even stronger if the waiver exactly passed and adopted by the w g o. the drug companies induction manufacturers will come to table in a different way. instead of backing off from sharing technology, they will realize it's in their interest to share voluntarily. because now there's a credible threat of involuntary action. thus far with no credible threat dawn cherry action. we see a tight control within the existing cartel. inadequate supplies or there are many

other barriers that need to be overcome, including the staffing and the somewhat sent investments and improving facilities and so forth. but the idea that we should just continue to wait and that africa and the rest of the global south will be no waiting with a beggar bowl. while the us in europe continue to stockpile to buy additional doses 422220222023. to begin to prepare to distribute doses for new variance and booster shots. well, health workers in africa still are doing without. it's just outrageous. but other than even if there is a waiver of the peyton's is the developing world in a position to deliver, to administer the vaccine quickly. the u. s. was very quick at investing and developing a vaccine lot behind when it came to putting jobs in arms. why thinking, ne, not think we don't have this kind of problem actually just yesterday we enroll gradually . we have a half a 1000000 of the population was vaccinated in one day. i think when i used to

vaccination, the culture of us to vaccination is, is here in africa and africans. i really know the importance of vaccination. the problem, i think probably countries it down to boxes because when they will get to 30 to 6067 percent, that the other 33 percent will not be vaccinated. and we'd come back to the same point. they will have more vaccine on their hands. and they will, we be waiting for other people for other hesitant to, to come vaccinate the other thing? i think it's a really immoral when you start talking about like 2 nights and children and we have entries and people are asking africa no max. you need to, i do understand that when you have investment, you have a huge investment in time and money when you are a company. but they think that what they are afraid goal is to set a precedent. that's what they are afraid of. they think that by sitting this

precedent, they will open up the door and maybe more cases like that will become in the 2nd thing. they don't want to share that technology for one reason because they are afraid this may be, competitors will be they will be creating competitors actually if they think that we don't have a know. so what is the problem? i don't see any problem. we could just had left left the way wave, the, the protection and let this country try to do it. but i think the out not doing it because they want to keep the rest to be afraid. all that there will be creating more can pick them in the futures and not putting up a precedent for this kind of approach. it's paul isn't the argument that the bio biotech companies make the best, could set up a precedent, a bit of a red herring. this is a unique global event, a pandemic. this is, this is a one off surely. well, i mean, if you look at, if you care to look at the trips agreement,

this is the exceptional scenario for the one case. you know, this is not rewriting because the agreement, i mean maybe thought including myself, i would like to rewrite strips agreement, but this is not what's happening. this is using the emergency exit for an emergency situation. so i really don't think that this is about them being afraid of losing it, all solid people in the, in the state. no doubt are afraid of that. but i don't think that's the general feeling. i should also point out that, you know, you know, reality. i mean, do you carry united states under recently then? no likes for over themselves in defense of the european union. it should be said that they have all most next for as many vaccine use themselves. so i think there is a genuine inspiration for going all to share. and i think in these, i would agree with my colleague in morocco, the developing countries. i mean my family in law comes from asia. i mean,

they are very well equipped and very well able to vaccinate and they are rolling out as quickly as they can. so i think we really should find the way voluntary with the backup are indeed over, attract the pressure, so there should be more licensing that they should be more productive if we can find all material. if we can distribute the thing that logistics in there, we should roll it out more quickly. the intro waiver, be it through hollow risky. i think of all risky back to by a friend is probably the more realistic one. and i hope that we get there in september of my colleagues that talk to late the better late than never broke. what role is geo politics playing in all of this? russia and china stole a limelight where they were the 1st to start giving out to start distributing vaccines outside their own countries wouldn't help the european union if they were, if they were to encourage a waiver and, and see that vaccines distributed more widely. well, i think, you know, the,

the perspective as i understand from my, my, our colleagues in the global cell is that the specter of rich countries race to the front of the line and stockpile doses. in some instances, a 10 doses for, you know, each person and their country for them to now be standing in the way of additional supplies coming to, to countries that haven't even been able to vaccinate one percent of their population. i mean, it's truly outrageous and it's already has been said, the variance create a risk. it's a stupid policy from the perspective of europe as well. europe should just simply admit that it's made a mistake. that, that at this point in time, preserving the profits of the industry is no match to the viral firestorm which is approaching from all sides. the longer people remain on vaccinated, not only will they die by their family, suffer, their economy, suffer, but variance will grow and they threaten whatever vaccine progress has been

accomplished in the global morse. so it's a stupid policy, and for g, a political reasons and more recent and public health reasons, jerk should change of position in the us should help europe change his position by acting hand in hand with india and south africa to actually produce a text. and to do so over this vacation period. so they come back in september and say we have a draft text. but see if germany wants to stand alone in opposing a text that now has the u. s. and premature on it. i don't think that's going to happen. so yeah, you know, europe in particular needs to stop its opposition and be seen as actually contributing to a more robust global response in the u. s. s. to get off the fence and actually make the waiver happen. either the in this deal at pfizer and beyond tech have signed to fill and finish in south africa. send the product out africa to be filled up. they're not going to start doing producing until the end of next year with

distribution. early in 2023 seems a very long way off considering as we know how quickly variance seem to appear, how do we get things moving more quickly? why agree with you about it? because i think when you look at it from a scientific point of view, from just common sense, actually because you will not want to take this risk actually leaving huge numbers of population without the vaccine because it's could, it's a really terrible thing. get terrible. this isn't, it says it's might have and you are in some buster, you will be coming back and start another pandemic. and i think i have to say the word actually i could, i resisted but they have to say stupid. it's really stupid to do that. i think the other thing just coming back to the position between the europeans and the americans. i think they just play in good cop bad cop. i mean that's the real thing . i think they are on the same page and they are just trying to buy time because

the position for their company is it's a really strong one. but my question would be based on what, what you asked me, what are the alternatives, what we should do, we should just let this country buy time and, and then they would from or go to december of go to the next year and leave not just this countries because when i talk about bodies in africa, in globalized word, i'm talking to her work because you're going to be going everywhere. should we just leave this country decide for that? i think it's really the consensus that portion of the w t o. is there any questions in this matter? while that was a very quick question on the w t. o for you, paul, how much is its credibility at stake with this is already had trouble from donald trump when he was president. what songs that was on state care for the w c o. very quick counsellor, please. i think there's all united states under the drum, and it's not really changing a little a significantly undermine the power of

w t. o. to reach agreement to do anything without significant backing from the us. this is not going to happen as a w to you will eventually perish. but i think what we need, 1st of all, is the us to start pulling the european example and supplying all the sub piles of vaccines, developing countries that is not happening. that would put us in a much stronger position to sort of leadership in the w t o, later on and say, well, we're doing this and now all of us joining the line and we're going to agree or whatever. i think that will be the way forward, otherwise the w deal will carry and will be farther away from any solution that we ever were and broke. how long do we agree this way before 3 years seems to be a number of those bounded about? is that sufficient, or is this a permanent thing? you want to say? well, i pick a decent, frank last as long as the demick last. i think 3 years was a minimum proposed by the proponents. i think there's going to be negotiations on

that. if there's a set time, i actually think it should be longer than 3 years, 5 or 6 years, even because we just don't know how long the variance are going to continue to circle the world. but you know that that's really a minor issue, and the real sense, if we get some expanded production, if we get control this pandemic, collectively the world is gonna be so happy, it's going to be able to move forward. socially families are going to be able to do things that they haven't, haven't been doing businesses and economic activities to the rebound. the longer we procrastinate, the longer we protect the interests of one industry, only big pharma, the longer this pandemic last. so the waiver the, the duration of the waiver would actually need to be much shorter if it were passed . that's, that's the irony of the situation. or are gentlemen, we are unfortunately out of time, but thank you to you all to brook baker to as a neighbor he, me, and to poll torments, and thank you to for watching,

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mainstream. there has been a implement here just some of access points. the shift, the focus, the panoramic that's turned out to be a handy little pretext for the prime minister if it clamped down on the press, covering the waves. the news is covered, the listing post on just a diverse range of stories from across the globe. from the perspective of a network john and analogy era. welcome for iran, 80 president elect in his home town of mesh. at the image of the shrine, crowd had gathered to hear what their newly elected leader abraham, right. you see, have to say on the issues that affect the job, shut off in domestic politics, domestic policy, and foreign policy. the focus should be on the dignity of this nation, and the focus should be on the fact that in any negotiation, the dignity of this nation should not be heard is already made large. we've been

promising, floating, fighting corruption, improving the country's economy and maintaining iran best interest in negotiations . the wes, but it's not clear yet. if you were able to deliver on his promises. ah, $1200.00 gmc here and i'll just 0. hello, i'm come all santa maria. these are the headlines to nivi as president is the choosing politicians of corruption and demanding the return of billions of dollars . he says was stolen from the public purse. i said is dismissed more officials as well. that includes the chief of the national television station just days after freezing parliament and assuming executive power still in wolf has our report. the streets of tenicia capital are mostly com. but on wednesday the president again moved to tightened his control of the government. speaking in

a televised interview, president k say he'd accuse politicians of corruption costing the country billions of dollars.