the telephone's control, but i think the situation remains completely fluid. the telephone spokesman told al jazeera, the armed group naval wanted a war. our response is clear. we want a peaceful solution of the issue that we are. we waited for for the last one year. but now the taliban has moved into cities . a new stage of urban warfare is on the horizon. if the government wants to take them back, hundreds of thousands of civilians. risk being caught in the crossfire. charlotte bellis. ouch! is era cobble? ah! hello again. the headlines on al jazeera, a major new un climate reports, as the changes seen in recent years are unprecedented in thousands of years. it says some aspects of climate change are now irreversible, but immediate,

rapid and large scale reductions in greenhouse gas emissions could limit war being . the report will help set the tone for an international conference in glasgow later this year. hope scientists involved in that report say we must treat the warming climate as an urgent threats. we can undo the mistakes of the past. but this generation of political and business leaders. this generation of conscious citizens can make things right. this generation can make, this is semi changes that will stop the planet. warming help everyone adapt to the new conditions and create a world peace, prosperity and equity. climate change is here now, and we also hear now and if we don't act school well, it will stream heat and dry winds are fueling several wildfires around the world in california,

the so called dixie fire is now the 2nd largest in the state's history. at least 8 people are missing is $55.00, a struggle to contain the widespread flames authorities estimate they will not be fully extinguished. for 2 more weeks, thousands of people have been forced to abandon their hopes and that these 4 huge fires are burning out of control in greece. flames on the island of having gulf 5 more villages. more than 2000 people have been rescued since last week. varies are standing by to take more people to safety. in other news, a rapid offensive by the taliban is overwhelming afghan forces. the arm group says it's taking control of a 5th provincial capital in just 3 days. the most significant gain is the northern city of calendars. it says it's also taken the nearby city of telecom and sarah poll. you are up to date with the headlines on al jazeera. we'll have more news coming up at the top of the hour. for now, it's the stream, thanks for watching, bye bye. on counting the codes from june as yet to south africa,

the pandemic has reopened preexisting economic con, political challenges. but the gap between rich and poor nations continues to widen, with a lack of privacy in china's crime down on capitalism. counting the cost on al jazeera news. i am for me. okay, welcome to the bonus edition of the stream. now that the show is on al jazeera every day, but actually family, thanks for tuning in. coming up the ugly side of the olympics, and then we had to lebanon the k from survivors of the bay root port blast on the 1st anniversary of the tragedy. let's start up here. how's your brain doing ever so why can't reach maximum capacity? there are some research, as he believes that our brains are about as developed as they are as a guide to be. and we have to rethink how we think the premise was the start of

a fascinating discussion inspired by id murphy, paul was new book, the extended mind, the power of thinking outside the bright. now i need help to navigate the conversations. say we bought in newer scientists, gina po, professor of psychology, dominate, packer out of core science, right, that i need murphy, paul. hey, she is explaining what inspired her to write as latest book. well, so i have 2 sons who are school aids, and i very interested in how they learn in the science of learning. and in my research and reporting on the science of learning, i started to notice a bunch of different fields that were all looking at how these outside the brain resources factor into our thinking. and then i happened to come across a journal article by 2 philosophers that proposed this idea of the extended mind, which is the idea that we don't just think with our brains alone. we actually

extend our thinking process these out into the world with our bodies, with faces, with other people. and that to me, tied together a lot of the research findings that i was finding. so interesting part of your research you discover piece of running. oh, go ahead, go ahead. i just wanted to say i see annie, that you are talking with your hands, which of the recommendations of your book? so yeah, i haven't started adopting that to even though we're seated here, we're not taking a walk which would be even better. at least we are using our bodies. and what that does to our brain is it puts it in a mode where we can learn better, actually we can, we learn best through teaching. and then when we're teaching it for active, we are learning even better. our brain is in this state called the theta state, which is about $5.00 to $10.00 waves per 2nd that occur in our hippa campus,

which is our rapid learning structure in our brain associated learning. so when we put things together and when we move, our hipaa campus goes into the theater state, which is really best for learning. so example of a smart phone. we now all carry them around and increasingly use them not just to make phone calls and also keep track of dates, but for taking photograph. and the more we walk around the world and take photographs more, we are potentially outsourcing the memories of things that we've seen and events we experience and it actually research now on the effects that can have on your memory for events, say your turing museum. and you see art as you walk around, instead of simply looking at the ard, you take photographs of, of the art and especially your favorite pieces, how that affects your memory, then for that event. and what you find is that if people are using a phone or a camera, generally, to record the event, there are some ways out sourcing the memory and the experience of the event. and it changes the way they remember it changes the way they can later on,

recollect what they saw. and the reason it does so at least in part is because as you take those photos, you're paying attention to the situation in a different way. so by using that technology and outsourcing the memory, you're also potentially outsourcing a part of the experience and thus affecting what is like in the moment. and then what do you experience later on? i have lots of huge questions for you. guess i'm going to get you to ask them pretty quickly if you can. some people are not getting quite what brain capacity means. is it possible to run out of brain space? well, you know, you brought on peter rider who just gave that. that very interesting example a minute ago, and it was peter who introduced me to the idea that the biological brain is maybe running at full capacity at this point. meaning we are using every bit of our brain to deal with our really complicated modern world. and that's the only way to transcend the limits of the biological brain which evolved to do, you know,

very different things. and what we ask it to do in our modern world of symbols and abstract ideas. the only way to transcend those limit is to bring in these external re says like the body like spaces, like other people. just, i mean to, to offer an example of my own. there's an interesting phenomenon known as trans active memory, whereas where, which refers to the fact that in a group you can share memory and such that each individual has access to the memory of all the people in the groups we, nobody can know everything, but everybody in a group can have their own specialty and when you know what other people know you have to what? well, yeah, and it's fascinating any how when you talk and recollects and event with your friends, they might have a very different recollection of something that you do. and that active,

recollecting together helps you bring up that memory, and then incorporate all of your friends and recollections into your memory. and then when you re consolidate that memory, which occurs in while you sleep that next night, you reconfirm holiday their memories in with your own. and hopefully as a group, you all will remember more accurately than any one. memory wants to know. gina, what causes forgetfulness, and how could he avoid it? occurs, 1st of all, you didn't have all systems working in the 1st place when you were trying to remember, for example, or you weren't paying attention. so, neurotransmitter called a seat, a cooling in your brain, helps you remember things in the 1st place and the cooling comes on line when your brain is in that data space that i talked about before and,

and when we are actively attending to something. another thing that helps us remember better in the 1st place, is to tag memory with another transmitter called north and aspirin. and that's something we're researching in my laboratory right now. what does nora afteren do to help us time our memories that we consolidate them? well, while we sleep and then don't forget them later. i love that show so much smarter off the house thing it. now after the live episode, i asked the gas to share one practical suggestion for how we could all start thinking outside outbreak. well, sammy, i'm thinking of that picture of your office cell and we didn't focus in on what your actual death big face looks like. but i'm wondering if you have items that remind you of important things in your life. important people. because research suggests that cues of identity, you know, things that remind you of who you are or who your best self is,

and also cues of belonging, like hughes, that remind you that you belong to a meaningful group. those can really supports you give you confidence, give you a sense of where did that. and even if just for a moment, you can look away from your screen and look at these tokens are the textures that remind you of who you are and what you're doing. there and what your goals and your values are. that can be a really great way of using space to extend your mind. personalized space. make it mean something. gina? yes, i would say do what we did on the show, which is talk to experts around you. you don't always have to move. in fact, some people can't lose, but that doesn't mean their brain is going to be any more limited. if they can imagine moving, your brain does the same thing actually. and the other thing you're taking that active one, something hard. i think that should have been caught in it because an app

is, is good as a whole night sleep or learn new i was doing near i science like that. i love it. dominic, like hardly endorsed the now idea and i think one of the things, one of the reasons why people might feel that their brains are at capacity in the current moment is we now live in the world. especially given social media, this onslaught of information from all around the world, right? because millions of people can feed each other bits of information and some of it's true and a lot of this fall is mis information and this information and how do you tell the difference? and in this environment, i can feel extremely overwhelming. and i think one of the things to, to note is that throughout history, as humans have developed new technologies, people have felt like that over and over again. right? so if we think about the invention of the automobile,

the beginning only rich people have cars and it's not really a problem, but eventually they spread throughout populations and it became incredibly dangerous on the road, right? people died in automobile accident all the time. over time, as groups we figure out how to cope with car makers get better designing cars. people learn how to drive better. we create driving lessons and exams. the government creates regulatory agencies to force automakers to be more safe, so on and in some ways we can think about our information environment and not kind of way this is technology. so new, it's like we don't know how to handle it and it really is overwhelming. it's taxing our capacities, but over time we'll build institutions and we'll figure out ways like we did for the car of handling from science to sport and a controversial movement that's gaining momentum. as few as we see the extraordinary achievements of olympic athletes and power athletes. but there is adult side of the lympics that a, some activists proposing that they be abolished on youtube. the streams audience

was pretty much equally split between loving the games and thinking that they are a colossal waste of money. after the life will cost i else, the guest can be one shocking fact about the games that fans really picks. probably don't know. well, i think the, the games contract that comes as the, the kind of the devil's bargain. the cities engage with, with the i o. c. in order to negotiate the hosting privileges. it's pretty shocking . there is a lot of legal permissions there that are just absolutely unseemly and theme, you know, where it gets used, waiting mouth to meet face like, or well in terms of scope and scale. especially, like in japan, we saw the pulling in the population there. there are a lot of concerns about co bid. overwhelmingly people want to cancel those games. and if you look and the fine print and those games agreements, not just as easy as the local government, listening to the commands of their people. and even now in l. a. we see that our city council is setting up a new games agreement that calls into coordination

a bunch of federal agencies that you wouldn't necessarily think would be given. almost extraneous, like impossible powers here in los angeles like ice and all sorts of other government entities that are very popular here in los angeles. but they're already coordinating on a security detail for the 2026, wrapped up in the 2028 world game. and yeah, it's awful, they talked about the most gender equitable game ever because now women are 49 percent of its participants. but the executive board for the games will mean me just 7 out of 35 seats less than 6 months ago before the head of the game resigned. after saying women were too emotional and that's why they shouldn't really be in the room. every time you see a package or a commercial from them, about apparel and be in right. remember that becca myers was denied by the u. s. c . backed by the aisles in the decision to bring her mother as her personal care

assistant. with the reasoning that there was already one a single pca for $33.00 peril and be in 10 who are visually impaired. every time you hear the olympics problem come from a bad for the to, for creating a useful center or turning the tokyo olympic village into equitable housing. think about the displacement number. think about how if you're going back to atlanta, right. a mere 7 percent of the family displace from one of the housing areas ever got anywhere close to moving back into the neighborhood. literally for almost everything that you can see them packaging and romanticize cove it last year. you remember the olympic official said the flame to the olympic torch, we're going to extinguish coven. and now watch how they're making the numbers grow in tokyo right now. that gap between their romantic view of themselves, that they, they are saying, right? for profit. and what's really happening in terms of abuse of harm of

actually exploitation. that gap is the that is the mark if the real story of the olympic games or that's giving me pause jaws. yeah, i mean, just jumping off of what dr. davis said v i o c should not be confused with some sort of pro feminist organization. they did not allow members that were women until 1981. and so the reagan era. ok, even today around a 3rd of their members or so are women, they could obviously do better. but by shocking fact, i think would be the fact that there is a study from the oxford university that found that every single olympics for which there is reliable data going back to 1960 busted its budget. in other words, is what i call extra sketch economics. whereas during the bid phase, you say the games are only going to cost so many dollars. and then in reality they

costs so many more dollars. it's not just an asset thing, it's not just a real thing, it's an elim pick thing and it's in every single games and people that are thinking about the olympics moving forward should be fully aware of that. that right there, a reality check on what goes on behind the scenes of the olympic games. this week, the 3 marks the anniversary of the bay root port last one year after the deadly explosion that killed more than 200 people. and in just thousands of hours, the official investigation has barely started after the war cost, the guests were very clear about what needed to happen next. leaving what we are calling for united nations investigation. we do not have faith in the lebanese domestic investigation. we're calling for that to happen. now. you can go before the united nations human rights council when they sit in september, there are competing demand political prices, economic crisis in lebanon. but the victims that we represent want justice. justice

means many different things, many different people. it can mean a criminal prosecution, it can mean compensation, it can mean finding the truth and that is what they want and that is what they deserve. and that's why we're fighting with marae, and it's been so hard to come forward, but we need to support that. that's what we are pushing for. we bought a report out to that issue. what would be the most practical way forward from the survivors perspective and families of people who perish in the bay room block? if you can say ok, this is pragmatic. this is what we need to do. what advice would you give the entire community is watching. i don't politicians 11 are watching. what would you say? i would say 1st that in unit is should be a stroke. i don't know why we're still talking about communities after one year,

after all these damages over over lives and people whose life, where, where and totally destroyed and a 2nd. i own the international community to door to step in and to help us with an international independent investigation so that. ringback we can achieve the justice we are looking for because i'm in lebanon, given the track record, and what's happening so far? judge the tar and own i don't think he can face or is i don't know all the pressures and over him unit is and order. and those who are trying to hide the choice are

very strong in them. thank you to the families of the victims, answer virus with the pay route blast. he contributed to the stream to find out more about favorite search for answers. watch the full report with correspondence. dana harder now. streaming at al jazeera dot com. and finally, i want to leave you with an urgent issue that really isn't getting enough attention . in southern madagascar, almost half a 1000000 people are on the brink of farming all because of climate change, creating endless droughts, making farming impossible. there is no food. people are eating insects. after the bull costs i asked, i guess, to make a page to the intellectual community to get them to help the people of madagascar. so there are 2 parts to this for me. i think it's, it's saving lives now. we have 500000 children who i didn't really

dine if we do nothing. i think we need to bring that to the front and emphasize that strongly. we took off 500000 insurance. i'm sure we will be able to reach about 30 percent compatibility to do more additional funding. what is the value of life that is already lost? so we need to make sure we're clear about that and talk more about that and then begin to talk about what we need to do when that child survives. what are we going to do to mission the child can then be able to read well. so that she or she can live up to the potential that he or she has been given shall it not every day that we get a chance to talk about the work of the food program in southern madagascar. what do we need to know to get people to ask? because without the weld help and those pictures that we saw of, of children suffering, they're going to get was the whole room is just when you see

children who are just skin and bones and elderly people and it is, it's our job to support the government and the people gasket that use the women, so the, in the short term, it's about getting food. it's about being able to make sure that nobody goes hungry . there's an expression in malagasy kevin empty stomach, can people say to you kind of the time to time in the an empty stomach, that's not acceptable. having money means that we can number one, get through to people. number 2, we need to build. ringback long term programs. so when we talk about drought, let's find a solution that build that infrastructure. what irrigation harvesting, think about innovation? think about what it means. we don't want to have this conversation many in 12 months time. we don't want to be in the same situation where the numbers are

getting drastically larger, the children are losing their childhood. and basically, you know, the hopeful people are just going to be a lot more positive and can be more positive with the supportive of people just taking a bit deeper, giving them money, making sure that we have the right to really say. so let me ask you a question, i'm going to do it because this is really important. we are going to be very candid with each other. i want to bring in hand to renewal row and hand to narrow talks about where we are with the hunger situation in southern madagascar. and sometimes it can be quite confusing if we're on the break of famine. why is that food in the shops? this is what she addresses have covenants and what i've seen in the south metro. jessica is that service food on food stores in market. however,

most people cannot afford to buy food because it's not have any money. they usually get their income from form in capital region from talk congress sell in and basically traditional very low income sauces. so i think that what the compliment has to do is that we have to make sure that those people have enough income to be resilient through the tool. so tells shirley how do we have an entire half an hour conversation without mentioning the government of madagascar? will you treading lightly, charles, you go fast. the government has a huge role to play after the oversee the entire country. and in this case, the reason why the name haven't shown are more because it's not a typical situation where the economy system in that country has collapsed. right.

and it's not conflict within it. and this is where we've all, we are linking to the climate change, which is bigger that even the government, but they have a role to play. so it's about us working with involvement to look at examples where it has worked. there are many child route, which is your, i'll tell fake i want to, i want to the pressure point on the government amount of gasket if you will, people on suffering. what is the government doing? shelly? i know this is very awkward for you, but i'm asking anyway, go ahead. so i was, i was we say to beasley, i'm with him on that mission and we were with the ministry of finance culture and they actually committed no doubt about it in terms of what needs to get done. but you need money by you need money. these are not cheap projects to do, and these are long term projects. we also work the company to madagascar on amazing school feeding products we have in school feeding programs. we have enough money to

scale that up. and i'm sorry to go back to it, but you know, the money is essentially comes to funding and resources and to the lady that just spoke in the clip. unfortunately, and sadly, when you do see food out there on it, perhaps the small us math and people who are working for climate has to get more selling that utensils just to just to be able to buy whatever edible they can. you know, they may not even have defined would still uncomfort, unfortunately has just affected the entire world as well as a gasket. so job is scarce, livelihood. the price is the right thing. it's such a solid reality. but i think, you know, if we can just pick up some of them actually genuine, to see for helping people. and i think we can make a difference. can we make

a difference? i have. so that is i show for today. thanks for watching. see you next time. freezing winds and rugged terrain and at times seem impossible. but for afghan traders who brave the will con corridor, that is no choice. combating the impossible to sell that good, an isolated area. we follow that daring journeys as they overcome the extremes. risking it all i've got is john on algebra. on march 15th, 2019 zealand security, which when 51 people were shot dead into christ church. another 40 wounded when a gunman began shooting at a christ church,

moth with tech worship and attending the friday service. for those who lost loved ones finding ways to deal with the trauma. it's crucial. she gave me and she asked me, what was mom? i told her mom was with me 4 months later, i feel much quiet and i feel much more calm and really focused with my life. let us love one that love doesn't close once and it makes your heart happier. my heart, if he doesn't bring any loss for a new symbol, let us practice this. oh, you can have birds or at least of extinction. human emissions plan to read the nation of the privilege sizes one when he investigate on out 0 me morning,

allow government al jazeera as a, you know, i reversible changes you went, expert panel releases a landmark report on the state of our warming planet. ah, you're watching all your life from a headquarters and navigator also coming.