make this year so the red carpet rolled out for the stars once again in los angeles . but while some things have returned to nuno how people watch television has changed, streaming services are forced traditional broadcast as to alter their concepts of the business and their success at the emmys shows they now dominate the tv industry . victoria gates and be al jazeera. ah. so this is on dessert, these are the top stories in the us as announced. it's relaxing a current of our travel band and pose 18 months ago. it's aligned fully vaccination for travelers to enter the country from november without needing to quarantine. people will have to show proof of vaccination before they board flights, as well as a negative test. kimberly how kit has more from washington administration. justin now thing, but now instead of looking at countries and banding problems in certain countries, they're going to look at individuals from countries all around the world.

essentially what it means now is if you've been vaccinated, you can come to the united states, but you're going to need to show proof of vaccination. you're also going to need to show negative cobra tests within 72 hours of your flight to the united states. and when it comes to americans, there are some new changes for american travelers, particularly if you're on vaccinate. if you're on back to david and american coming back to the us, you are to have to have a negative cobit test within 24 hours. and then when you land upon arrival, another passed within 24 hours. according kigali has entered the man whose life in spite the film hotel, rwanda to 25 years in prison. on terrorism charges poll. recessive beginner is credited with sheltering and saving hundreds of people during the countries genocide in 1994 and support a say the troll was politically motivated. voting is underway in canada and it's not parliamentary election. prime minister just intruder was hoping to consolidate

his leadership. the majority for his liberal party, the facing stiff opposition from conservative aaron, a tool, and unexpectedly closed race rushes ruling party. the banks of kremlin is on course to retain its super majority in parliament with most of the votes counted as last some support compared to the previous election. the opposition says, fraud was widespread. hundreds of migrants from haiti of arrived and for the prince of to be spelled from the u. s. on that report, ration flights authorities plan to charge up to 7 flights a day to deport thousands more from a texas ordered thousands of people been told to leave her homes after a volcanic eruption on one of spain's canary islands. it follows a week of increasing seismic activity on la palmer, a 500 kilometers off the coast of west africa. that headlines, more news coming up here and officer right off the inside story. news

news, news. news world leaders in neil the united nations general assembly. but countries are increasingly divided on major crises from climate change and the panoramic. so i've got a song. so is there a future, a global corporation? this is my story. ah, ah. walk into the program. i'm in ron con, after a year, a virtual meetings world leaders and diplomats a back in new york to attend the united nations general assembly this week. they've a lot to get through the climate change as a major concern,

just 6 weeks before the next major un summit in glasgow access, the cobra 1900 vaccines will also be discussed. the un secretary general says growing mistrust between countries is making it difficult for the united nations to tackle global crises. he's particularly concerned about the relationship between china and the united states. calling it totally dysfunctional, and certainly the terrorists urge the 2 superpowers to repair ties or risk dividing the world with a new cold war. the cold war creative clear rules. and there was a constance of the problem and the risks, namely the risk of nuclear, this destruction. and that allowed to create a number of mechanisms that were back channels always working. there were several forms to guarantee that things would not get out of control. now today everything is more fluid, and even the experience that existed in the past to manage crisis is no longer there. with all these differences, one thing is clear,

we have only one planet. and all these countries are powerful enough for the fact that they ada thoughts with each other completely to be a mechanism that and the minds are capacity to deal with the global challenges we face there and sees this session as a potential tank port in several major areas, though, all bodies urging more countries to set ambitious goals for carbon neutrality, the unions analysis shows global emissions will be 16 percent higher in 2030 than they were in 2010. it also wants to ensure equal access to vaccines against the current of ours. the world health organization says 70 percent of coven, 1900 doses, are administered in only 10 countries. and it also needs to decide on how newly formed governments in certain countries should be approached. it's all about take over going on and the military coup in me in law, or the top of the agenda. ah,

that's bringing to get finished long about symbol hon. peace and security consultant, a few in deep pockets on in a stumble. matthew bryce, former us diplomat and senior fellow at the atlantic council and in cape town. so should i do senior research fellow at the institute for global dialogue, a south african thing tank. welcome to the program. i'd like to begin, and it's tumble 1st with matthew riser. the one's been a powerhouse organization since 1945, but it's more divided now than ever. the simple question is it has the you and failed and his mandate. yeah, thanks. run for that great question. it depends on what you consider the mandate to be. i mean, i think the security council is definitely failing everything or anything that 3 of the permanent members, united states, united kingdom and france, propose russia in china, oppose. and so, you know, the security council is supposed to be the, the highest body in terms of formulating international law. but it has no

enforcement mechanism so, so that's failed. but the un has done some great things in terms of delivering humanitarian assistance, fostering cooperation, and just getting people to to know about awareness about humanitarian problems around the world, or the plate of women and girls in certain parts of the world. unicef does great work in helping children, but overall it's an unwieldy organization and it's aspirations, i think, usually far exceed it's outcomes. and we see that now with the world health organization, which really has not been able to do much at all, to respond to the cove in 1900 pandemic. so it's a, it's a mixed record. but matthew, it's interesting, you make the point that it's, it's unwieldy because if this was a company in the united states, congress would be looking to break it up. but we know they're not doing that. you say unicef does great work or the policy organization do, do great work. but as a whole, when it comes to what antonio tara says, more multilateralism,

it's simply not doing. yeah, that's true. that's true at that feel partially a symptom of the world we live in today. that's so divided both again between the united states and europe on one side and china and russia on the other side or between north and south. this has been for decades, the north and south disagreeing on how, how to allocate resources. we see that in the climate change battle as well where, you know, the, the so called western companies or the north, the north are wealthier countries are not fulfilling. the pledges that they may need to help developing countries who really aren't responsible for so much of climate change crisis to meet there to meet the targets. so yeah, you're right. i fist for a company, it would probably be broken up, but this is an unusual organization in that it's, it could comprised of sovereign member states. and you know, you and reform is a perennial topic. it's been out there for decades here in turkey where i live. it's quite a big issue to think about or to try to expand the membership of the security

council beyond 5, it's the president there to one slogan is the world is bigger than 5. so some countries really do want to expand the united nations, but from my perspective, yeah, it is. it's too big. hellish, either in cape town, you work for a institute, a called global dialogue, but the you and doesn't seem to have much of that going on at the moment. a good day run into my fellow colleagues. yeah, it's quite an interesting question. i mean, i think double dialogue is also the question of how you frame the dialogue and what you want the dialogue to essentially cover. i think you can have your broad trajectories around global dialogue. you can talk about the big ticket issues. you can talk about climate change, you can talk about the fact that you need piece stability and development. you can talk about the fact that in the humanitarian security issues, i exacerbated under the covert 19 conditions, but it's also about questions of how do you create prosperity and common and common

peace and stability for everybody and inclusive development agenda. i think where the challenges lie is actually coming down to those power dynamics what matthew referred to, but also how do you get those power dynamics to become much more equitable? more importantly, how do you redistribute power in the global arena? and i think that's the big challenge. nobody wants to give up their power. nobody wants to be seen as vulnerable in terms of where the power dynamics lie. and i agree there are pockets of excellence in, in the us that we need to look at and extrapolate lessons around. but i guess was the world school record reflects a power imbalance. i think these tensions will continue to arise who's going to basically decide that i'm going to de carbonized and move towards a better car, but a better environmental footprint. they say there's a lot of questions here, and i think the challenge is, you know, how do you get those agreements to be practical, but also get them to be implementable and operationalize symbol on this one?

god, often why have from defenders of the un is yes. ok. it is flawed. it's a flawed system, but it's the only system we've got. do you agree with the yes, thank you brian. and i think are absolutely agree with that. and also the convention, i also the point that my colleagues have just made before i totally agree with that . they all have been mrs. we are living in and i need the system un system has tried to work in a worldwide in quality, within region, within countries across the region globally has been rising. any kind of a system where that was earlier, we saw a whole kind of communist system and socialist system ideologies. working in the eighty's and ninety's or war and was told before the end of history or the struggle . and there was a hope that maybe this image equitable distribution of power and wealth could be fixed, but didn't get fixed. and then we, we came to the end of history where the capitalist system apparently, and the capitalist, what had what one. and we had a unique system where america dominated the u. s. dominated was,

and i taught. and i think under that that saved me saw a little bit more space. will multilateralism? because a lot of connective action between countries were happening under the leadership on the west and basically us leadership within the last 2 decades, we've seen a shift in global follow, you've seen, or like a shift to where you called multiple loads. so mighty lateralism to me is now challenging in a multi point was how do you work together in a country in a global, in a world, a system where a flush of all the rising security and political shot into the acceptance of the rise of china or gumbo, and, you know, basically russia and china kind of cool you saying together in a block against a say some of the worst and bulletin drug and then you have new friends like india coming in. so i think the, the functional disconnect as was said by my other colleagues are in certain areas you in is delivering human right now. for example, the example level honest,

on the most softest action that we have seen right now is coming by the un on the humanitarian space by and all the other countries shopping. and still thinking about how to kind of bring together collective action on political insecurity level to the taliban de paula the un to it's the military unblocked. if the foster respond to it is going to step in and you have stepped in to do some, some very important work units that we w h was stepping in to we need that. and i think that is the reason why un system continues despite its problems, but on a growing lack of divide in a multi point one where you have rising concerns oft, which i know you've seen this new deal coming up between the u. s. u k. as well as a straight lifting your wall together to put, i'm afraid multi lateral and collective action is becoming more and more difficult . stocker, matthew,

what's the point of the un if multilateralism isn't bill and isn't part of it's d n a? if you simply can't do that, what's the point? well, as you, as you were saying earlier in, right, i mean it's, we need somewhere somewhere where people can, can, countries can gather where sovereign states can exchange views, can try to pull in the same direction wherever possible. you know, in my experience, in my diplomatic career, i always felt it was important to sustain a regime or a, a, an organized form of behavior among sovereign states. because they're very difficult to build in the 1st place. and it's really hard to get countries to agree on the same rules and norms. so are common rules. and so, you know, it's really something we do need to preserve because because it's the best we have . but the big problem is that the un was forged in a spirit of common interest, right? where everybody in the security council, after the horrors of world war 2, holocaust, everything else and world war one. wanted to start over and wanted to try to work

together. and you know, we got something out of that effort called the universal declaration of human rights. but in reality, russia in china don't accept the universal declaration of human rights. and this whole, the whole rule rules based system that the u. n. is supposed to help nurture and protect is being rejected and undermined by those countries every day in the security council. so it was a brutal place, power really mean something and often you know, power can really destroy the best laid plans, is that the foundation is beautiful and is about a shared ideology of doing good things for humanity. so let's say i want you to pick up on that point. matthew says, actually look, it's russia and china is full. they have this veto his curious counsel. they often disagree on human rights and things like that. but he's america. so he's gonna say that right. i mean, center, so there is an in built i don't want to say racism, but certainly in built prejudice too often coming economies up and combination states more powerful nation, surely like south africa. oh,

thank you iraq. yeah, it's precisely the nature of, of the way the you, the security council was book i think when you go back and you look at the, the point that matthew makes about the forged common interests and how it was create, how that came a bus. yes, it was up to the period of $945.00. you've got this, this does the dynamic of the global system. and the way in which the power dynamics evolved at that time. and it strikes me that we're still trying to watch that system on the basis of how the world was perceived, often 145. yes indeed. i think that the idea of common interest, common prosperity and the ideology is important. but i think what is also important is how does the un evolved within the changing structural conditions in the global arena? and i'm just wondering as a proposal, perhaps the idea of what we talked talk about in terms of some of the structural flaws and contradictions that exist within the security council in terms of how

they manage the peace and security and the interventions. and the idea of the human rights debates and so forth is that does everything that goes into the un security council, have to be about how interest are actually defined and devolved and designed in that un security council. perhaps the real challenge for us in terms of the, of the way the us has to become foot for purpose as it moves forward in a change in global architecture. and the multi polarity and the multilateralism that we have been discussing is the question of what is the viability of the security council? is the security council, the real issue here and not the entire you and architecture as it exists today? i think that's the biggest, the existential question reacted to confront, in the context of the reform and transform agenda, and the fact that it has always been a perennial issue in terms of what happens because that's where the vested interests are. perhaps the challenge is to ask the question is, do you need to be to for all permanent states in the, in the security goals?

let's go to the council, which is one of the most interesting bits symbol. i also want to talk to you about change and change in the united nations and tony of the terrace. the secretary general has been very clear. multilateralism is the way forward. he said this publicly in several interviews. he keeps giving the same message that anybody that he speaks to, but he's dealing with a 198 sovereign nations. now he can't dictate to those nations and change has to come from somewhere other a few key players symbol holding this change. is it china and the u. s. as now and tony, good terrorist is saying yes, absolutely. and i think echoing what has been said before, again, especially last week or who talked about the power dynamic as long as global actions and quality can security off the dock in the power dynamic. and we haven't moved away from backward, even national around at the national,

national definition of nation states or tied to offends of fall, i mean, be defying nation state system to the level of elements of all of these countries. and therefore from security, that national program, if you have, we've had that huge issue about, they've been the, we know in the whole framework of which was very central to do the u. n. roll especially in basically the developing was which was linked to the responsibility to protect that whole edifice of responsibility to protect never got back to the universal acceptance among the sovereign countries, especially in the global south. we talked that that will become an instrument of you and intervention, all basically that you end will become a friend for intervention off big global problems into their internal affairs. so, so granted the gram, the have always clashed with this big, large multilateralism that un has represented. and i don't think that's changing. i think the issue still remain stuck with the definition of who shaped thing in the

war and even how china has been defined, how china's world in the future has been defined, is by, by kind of laying out how much enabled knowledge i. and i've been doing all or how much often extension to feedback would be at the china, the queen. how much economic power it recording. although on one side we do have a global consensus on this. and d, d, 17, for example. i mean, the whole global community 198 a lot countries agreed to talk next pathway forward for the next 20 also. so what we need to do in our countries to forward on one side we do have that. but on the other side, how things move, how you move things, and we'll get, watch is still defined, not on principle. it is sometimes kind of couch and this like global universal value, but often been developing boy fields. and often even china to use the data is being defined by kind of principles linked through the advanced western world who wants

to kind of mundane that positions of power. so till we are stuck into the security and follow dynamic, global community, humanity get still remain stuck in it. i don't think we are completely shifting, want to, to the real office of why we had to set up a global organization and why we continue to work with a global organization. and i think the dorothy of the world and especially doesn't want to see a lot of value in the u. n. yes. security council, i again, i absolutely agree with the previous because it's all been kind of a depth now on un and how much action would that to defining your global system? it is, i think, a little bigger and beyond the un system. this whole idea of how power is being held by, by what defines follow. but matthew, is it bigger? one of the things that symbol hon is just said is that, look, there are some fundamental disagreements on things like security on things like arms, treaties, and things like this. however,

one of the things that might be able to unite the un is if they stop looking at the world through a security prism and start looking at through climate change. for example, something that affects every single country on the planet is the u. n's ream it to why does it need to be narrower in order to be able to unite? no, i don't think so. i don't think in organization any organization is ever going to be able to compel very powerful state actors to do anything. the state actors have to want to do it. and so to me and the problem is one of fred put it in simple terms. you can use a fancy word like parochialism or just selfishness. i mean, if covert 19, if this is crisis, that really does affect everyone, if that can't bring us all together. i think we're just as a fundamental problem of selfishness in the house, in the countries that have the vaccines that have the wealth. sure. in the united states, there are millions of people who want to do good and who are doing good. and united

states is, you know, stepping up in providing, you know, billions of dollars to, to deliver vaccines around the world. but it's not enough. and we've got, you know, as, as a head of the rural health organization. mr. go to said many times in the united states and other countries shouldn't be moving toward booster shots. so 3rd, vaccines for the pfizer and madana vaccines, or pfizer biotech. before we get, you know, do much better in africa where i think only 2 percent of the population has been vaccinated. you know, we, we lamented in the united states only around 70 percent of the populations had their 1st dose and 58 percent have had their 2nd dose in africa. all entire count and 2 percent of people have gotten the vaccines. so we all need to be better human beings and care about what's happening in the world beyond our borders. because as we see what the so called delta variance, no matter how vaccinated we may be in the united states, that period has come back and has put us right back in the united states in a terrible new surge of cobra, 1900. so i'm just really pessimistic that organizational reform is going to make

the human character better. but, but hopefully climate change and the question of our very existence is going to bring us together. so there's no idea if it's not climate change of it's not an existential dread. about our existence that's going to bring us together. what is the un for? what is the problem here is also trying to understand the value system. i think the value system is really the question about how do you actually move beyond this question about what our interest countries in the u. n. system define their collective interest or their national interest in the context of the, of, of, of this entire organization. i have to look up to say that part of the debate about whether or not we look at the lens of security in a very states centric approach, or whether we have to look at it in a collective approach. and what the collective means in terms of a collective humanity, i think comes back to how you change the way we look at the nation state states as

component parts of the bigger. i think the real challenge is really around the question of how do we drive that value addition of human human, human security and more importantly, the question of a collective humanity. but i think the challenge is whether or not we're going to move out of that state centric view and whether we're going to create that bigger kind of universal value system that is not necessarily unique to particular countries or regions or particular ideological meanings. but it's just a complete universal kind of intrinsic value system because if we are going to say that climate change is an existential threat to, to humanity. then of course all of what we are seeing in the us system now a lot. because if humanity is reaching a kind of tipping point in its survival, then where do we go with the un system? and i think at the end of the day, sorry, city said we are going out of town. and i do want to put this point to a symbol home, we are running out of time to assemble. the league of nations was disbanded off of

the 2nd mobile, but simply because it failed, it failed to stop the horrors of that particular war. then we rebranded almost them, we became the united nations. it's been 30 years and we haven't had any real action on climate change. the time to disband the un. no, i don't think so. i think un steps in, as i said earlier in, ready areas for humanitarian support, where no other organization right now exist to provide that kind of support creek action. they offered an area which of course i, i, it's a very congested debate about universal values. what are defined, how, how do we define universal values? what i think n d g 's in their very basic way to capture some of the universal values which are not really contested. rice of them in education to be a women, safety and security for children, food, a health care. this is a bit hardy in england, destination and un right now today provide that kind of support provide capacity

building support. so we don't disband the un. i'm absolutely not, and i think there's a huge need for that. yes, it is not being able to drill the reasons that it was set up for, but we don't have anything else to replace it right now. maybe a code word will or where we are. you know, this whole kind of narrative about nuclear, somebody and more and more kind of a war continues. yeah. maybe that will lead to a point of collapse there. we reduce that up, something new. but right now there's a huge need for the un, and i'm glad it's that i want to thank all august symbol hahn in a slow and it's tumble matthew bruce and in cape turn, solution ny do. and i want to thank you to for watching. now you can see the program again anytime by visiting our website or is there a dot com and for further discussion, go to a facebook page that facebook dot com forward slash ha inside story. and you can also join the conversation on twitter. we are at pager insight story from me and

ron khan and the whole team. bye for now. the news news. news. news. news up to 16 years at the helm, angular naturally stepping down as one of germany's most popular chancellor. but his kristian democrats struggling in the race to replace with a resurgent social democratic party and the green to making headway who will emerge in front and become germany's new leader, special coverage on al jazeera. l g 0 recounts the shocking story of the assassination of counts full cabana dot. the 1st un envoy trying to bring peace to

the middle east. how is negotiations with himmler helped save thousands of jews from nazi concentration camps and how these mediation skills put him at the vanguard in the quest for peace in the middle east? killing the count on al jazeera, the, the health of humanity is at the stake. a global pandemic requires a global response. w h o is the guardian of global health. delivering life saving tools, supplies, and training to help the world's most vulnerable people, uniting across borders to speed up the development of tests, treatments and the vaccine keeping you up to date with what's happening on the ground in the ward and in the lab. now more than ever, the world needs w. h. making a healthy

a world for you. everyone. ah, this is al jazeera ah 11 o'clock, this is a new life. coming up in the next 60 minutes, the man who inspired the film has no wonder it sentence to 25 years in prison on terrorism charges. the u. s. is set to reopen for vaccinated foreign travelers for the 1st time and 18 month. canadian prime minister just intruder cost his vote to the snap election that will determine his ruling policies.