awards correcting, pretty big gender imbalance. i asked barrett rice, anderson why there are so few. we have always paid attention to the waiver, versed in the time where there was a much worse and quality situation of, of it is today. lots of it is difficult to find the continuance of being a woman in selecting these 2. when is the nobel committee has made a statement. it says freedoms of information, an expression matter, they matter to democracy, they much of the piece. and so the matter to billions of us were italians, al jazeera hosler. ah, this is our desert. these you top stories, least 60 people have been killed in an attack in northern afghanistan, a suicide bomber targeted friday. prayers that a sheer mosque in condos. it is

a deadly attack since foreign forces pulled out of the country. at the end of august, brazil's health ministry says the country has now passed 600000 debts from covey 19 . and now the 2nd to do so after the u. s. the government has been sharply criticized for mismanaging the outbreak. monica yanna care has more present valuable sonata himself all makes a point of not wearing a mask when he can or of saying he will not be vaccinated. but the numbers are decreasing because there has been a because vaccination has been accelerated, despite the governments on policies and, and, and speeches and, and, and doing everything to deny the severity of this disease. but it's still, the vaccines have been rolling out and this has reduced the rate of infection. at

least 6 people have been shot dead as an immigration detention center in libya, many others have escaped. a video posted on line shows those who broke out running through the streets, interpreting the us and mexico has promised to increase cooperation to reduce migration and violence. it is part of a major new security agreement. us sex, your state, antony blinkin has been in mexico to hammer out the details. google has welcome to deal agreed by a $136.00 countries to impose a minimum tax rate of 15 percent on multinational companies. it's aimed at discouraging business. johns from declaring profits in low tanks territories, even though their clients might be elsewhere. but the agreement is already been criticized in developing nations that wanted the tax rate to be higher. the nobel peace prize has been awarded to journalists, maria, reza, and dmitri moody of committee chair woman bed. it's really understand, commended them for the fearless those i headlines coming up next inside story.

ah, a dispute is growing between molly and fuss? paris is accused of abandoning banneker and it's fight against on groups and this a hell region. and russian mercenaries were expected replaced french soldiers. so what are the risks? this is inside story. ah . hello, welcome to inside story. i'm adrian finnegan, a spat between the french and molly and government says,

threatening to derail an already fragile alliance against armed groups in the sal region of both africa. last month, molly's interim prime minister accused france of abandonment over its decision to reduce its military presence in the region french president emanuel mccall, cold comments unacceptable and later disparaged the molly and government's efforts to secure parts of the country. on tuesday, molly summoned frances ambassador, had expressed indignation over mccombs woods tension between the 2 countries was high before the route of the reports that molly was in talks to hire a russian mercenaries for security louisville. if he does need a new situation resulting from the end of operation by can put molly before fait accompli was abandoning us mid flight to a certain extent. and it leads us to explore pathways and means to better ensure our security, autonomously, or with other partners. so as to feel the gotten them, which will certainly result from the withdrawal of the french that operation in the

north of the country did get or macklin responded to those comments, saying what the molly and prime minister said is inadmissible. it's shameful. and it dishonors what is not even a government. the molly and prime minister was born of 2 crews. there was a qu in august 2020, that a qu within a qu, the current government, he said, has 0 credibility. so why has france a former colonial power in marley been fighting there for the last 8 years? well, the current crisis began in 2012 with an armed uprising by separatists in molly's north, that created unrest that led to al qaeda and i still linked fighters spreading out across the sa, held in january 2013 french troops began a mission to rid molly of rebels that expanded into the ongoing operation by con, targeting groups, across the sa hell. despite french lead efforts, smiley and neighboring countries like news year and burkina, faso of struggle to contain armed groups. and in july, france announced that it would draw down its presence of 5000 soldiers and end its

operation. early in 2022. or molly's faced international criticism over reports that is to recruit 1000 russian mercenaries known as the wagner group. the soldiers for hire have reportedly operated in conflicts, owns like ukraine, syria and libya. french and u. s. officials have warned marley's leaders that the group is more likely to further destabilized security. the wagner group has an estimated 2000 contractors in the central african republic. they've been accused of rights abuses and exploitation there. ah, so let's bring in our guests for today's discussion, for breast party is chief strategy officer rasmussen, global he joined us by skype from st. on that a big way a google is a security analyst at our for politico and he joins us fosgate from a boucher from washington dc withdrawn by andrew leibovich policy fellow at the

european council on foreign relations. good to have all of you with us gentlemen. let's start with you andrew. so as we heard, president micron says that molly's government has 0 credibility. is he right? and what's his reasoning for saying something so controversial so publicly? what would this really come from is a lot of frustration. i think it's not just in france about the, about the behavior of molly's transitional government and the fact that the signal multiple times that especially recently that they are planning or likely planning to extend the transitional period past what the international community agreed to. and i don't think that's a fair fair to say that they have no credibility, but certainly there's a lot of frustration in the region and in the international community about the transitional government and about trying to figure out what they're actually doing . particularly amid these are these reports of negotiations for the arrival of russian mercenaries in the country. ok, for brief,

just remind us why is france reducing its military presence in the region? simply because it's not sustainable. we have had, we have more than $5000.00 french forces deployed in the region and both the death toll but also financially it's not sustainable. and at the same time you see, i think pretty mediocre results in terms of containing the g had these threat. so i think there has to be a moment that kind of decision point and clearly put it on my call. i've made some decision to towards the progressive withdrawal. however, to come back to your previous question, he's also in a difficult position and i think that's why he's increasing the pressure on the original government because he needs those governments to be more solid and more reliable in order to take over what the french forties are doing and that's, he's pretty common right now. is he doing that though, by, by accusing money's government if having 0 credibility?

well, i think he's also, you know, reminding that basically there security is to a large extent depending on the french presence. so they have to think twice before basically not waiting to be able to play the role and get this done. and the withdrawal from a can. some was it was a pretty shocking case for everybody. both defense because if you will go too fast, you will have a complete collapse, but also for region of governments that they depend to a large extent of on forming forces that the french so it's a complicated as basically embrace of both the regional and the french leaders who are depending on each other and i think mccoy's trying to play the top of it. great . ringback french troops warmly welcomed into molly back in 2013 when militants were threatening to seize control of the whole country. molly's government is unhappy right now with the draw down, or at least in which the, the way in which the draw out has been announced. how to people, though,

in molly feel about french troops that they've not brought peace and stability to the region, that's all they know. they haven't, the context has changed. what we'll look at what we'll talk about french intervention of french conduct their vision in with regard battery in molly. it would be the next question is on that, what context the concept completed when there was the error trade to the state, or no. few of frank joe, the us to the is a little bit different or this you can find different enough to see that the response then was of course, the people wanted the status to be, you know, to be, to get that function in because of the, of why? because of institution, gamble, now what you have is something that in 202021 very lackluster results on, on the ground. dad, he's in ms. green across the silent just in

a miley. and then we did with the, with recent protests you would see on the streets, you know, many miles within the rush on flag just so should discontent with. busy regard to french at present also before the qu, they was major protest against a block kick. kids are from our president would put in new york, who and in those protests, of course you could, you could test the content on the streets. you know of miley, so we'll talk comes down to different the lackluster results on the gun from a different intervention that i knew someone down the street. that discontent is now in the decision making, in the air corridors of miley andrew as frances intervention and only been a failure. i don't think we can talk about it as a failure, especially because it's impossible to know what the situation would be. a french courses weren't in the country and in the cell,

i think what we can say definitively is that the security situation is not better the the presence and the influence of g, how to scripts has spread in various parts of the country. there's also been a breakdown of commuter relations and a rise of self defense, malicious are further increase of the power and presence of self defense measures communal, malicious. so in that regard, certainly things are not better. i don't think it's necessarily fair to frame in terms of failure or not, of france alone, in part because france the lead to the offensive military actor from the international community. but there's also a significant other presence, including of the, the un peacekeeping force, you training missions and capacity assistance building and others. so it's, it's not quite the right framing return, that security situation continues to get worse. not just molly, but across the region. it will, will expand on that in just a moment, but 1st, a brief going back to what a big where was was saying just a few moments ago i got the feeling that some people in molly would,

would actually be pleased to see the back of the the french troops would, would some, their prefer a negotiated settlement with the middle militants to achieve peace through negotiations because, of course, france as flatly refused to, to negotiate. it's just, it's something that it won't countenance. i mean, of course i cannot speak for the local population, but what is true is if you look at previews or current conflicts, you always have to come to a point where you bring in some element from rubber groups into a government of national reconciliation. now the question is whether the french diplomacy phrase, diplomacy has been doing this work to have the element from the rubber good to can be brought in under our government. and obviously it could be dos that, that to extreme needs to be brought in. and whether the local government itself is willing to embrace that and but i think when you look at that, get me some to say regina position from faults like the u. s. in the case of

denison will mean that the robot could actually get some ground and ultimately actually take over the country. so i think you need to consider some kind of settlement at some point. okay. and a big way you want to pick up. so, you know, to get agreement, are there relevance within the rebel groups that could be brought into some sort of government of national reconciliation and what the current regime in bama co allow that yes, i agree because the constellation is, is inevitable part of conflict resolution. we cannot on dice mid the ability, the power dialogue, when we're looking at the maria context. you have it is a center government, a central government that is struggling to united the country. and the most of these militia, they are not, all of them are actually ideologically driven. so i'm shared j new discontent towards the state because of law on the development. i know that, you know,

issues not related to terrorism, also to ideal ideological machination. so i think it's very important going forward that we have to refer says the importance of a dialogue with, with our friends like it or not. i don't think france should be able to do that with that, it should be dialogue molly or not. that remains the prerogative of minority data as themselves, if it stand for dialogue. and if you look at the indication, even going back to a block, it does government. there was already knew a movement in that direction to see how we can unite. but rebel, lead us politically, does that mean just those who think molly should be moving a particular direction, the way from conflict and it's time that would begin to go back to those to enter those moves towards in odella without, without the french want their log in molly, i don't think i should, that should really stop it should define without my mother really moves to was

a dialog, cassandra, muddy the waters even further. here is the potential presence of russian mercenaries on the ground in molly. would they succeed where, where france and, and the german and the sturdy and forces currently serving there have failed. and what are the strategic risks to having non state actors working in such a highly volatile region? why i think there are a number of potential risk. we should start with that because 1st of all, for france, you and other partners have made quite clear that they see a potential russian mercenary presence is incompatible with their own presence in their own operations in molly. but then beyond that, also, 1st of all we, we don't have much information about what the outlines, the potential deal would be, what a potential deployment of brushing mercenaries might look like. but certainly looking at the track record in media in both and beach in the central african republic. we see not only that,

these forces have not always been particularly effective, but they've been quite brutal in many ways in their treatment of civilians in particular. so i don't think there's any indication that even a large deployment of russian mercenaries would be able to somehow fix the, the problems in molly, in ways that international deployments in, again, in partnership with falling courses has not been able to do. the problems are elsewhere. it's not just a question of more or less effective military forces, but even then there's no indication that we can see that russian mercenary forces would be more effective or be better suited to dealing with the, the very complicated threats in modeling for brace. the british foreign office is described that the wagner group as a driver of conflict which capitalizes on instability for its own interests. it is it right? and where is this this relationship come from? does? does molly have historical links or an ongoing relationship with russia?

i figured the following office description is pretty accurate. if you look at the track record of the vac, nor grouping ukraine, ca, libya, they have brought more violence including on and especially on civilian population, which will not forget that they often back the, the strong man which is not always in the interest of stability in those regions and they're often actually produced a radicalization or polarization of the conflict as we saw force operating syria. so, so i do agree with the british frame of his description. what they give our, or not just to, you know, some business menu are investing in those missionaries, but the way they get to the russian government. and to me putting is a talk into a bigger game. basically a seat, a diplomatic seat at the table. this is what we've seen in the b i where now you

have to count with russia. you cannot set up the conflict in libya address. busy the different, you know, grievance fees of the various groups. we've all russia helping, and i think this is what he's doing. so for a minimum price, we, for lots of deniability, he can game to actually see that the at the top table with the big powers. and i think that's what their strategy is because, like you said, i don't think russia has. he started the some extensive interest in the part of the world, but he, by itself a seat for relatively low cost of what impact with the presence of russian mercenaries have on the regional military partnership between natalie at its neighbors. to tackle the militants, the jazz foreign minister said that that agreement will collapse if, if russian must resolve on the ground in money as he right. no, i don't. i don't think he's right. we have to look at the fact that the immediate,

the immediate reason or the immediate sparks wagner will have in mind is regime security. that's very, very important and cannot be kind of missing from any analysis it we were looking at it government a june 3rd, that's the hardest lead i'm was assassinated not long ago and that fit fit. our talk definitely said of consent was secure, is a security. and with wagner, well, you've seen with in st africa republic, we can actually provides regional security pest not security for him on senior official. that's one boy in broader regional context of call to see the child the and i've spoken against what wagner puts a 4 in reference as they call it. well, it is a jasa lesson child yet child consent comes from the fact that when a former president debbie was killed in april in details came out to see the nearby militia that represent was fighting. where to trend back by wagner. so that,

that consent for the child is there, is it the, or the fear that will give that this group my proliferate around child is there already? there it isn't. i've got a public, anybody continue to chat. but we have to look at my leave. why? miley itself wants to also bringing wagner and it comes from the fact that molly has not done so very right to said we partners wheat ball. so wants to see if there are options to be able to solve the problem without wagner can solve the problem. i think it's the, i don't think they can solve the problem, their problems in, in my very complex. but of course, the kind of part of conduct there isn't more of a way that at the regime, i feel a little more secure with them in the country. they're not going to be enough of them to replace the current number of french troops. there were people in molly feel any more secure if, if russian missionaries with, with their mercy,

it wouldn't really matter where people see secure it would be whether they are able to deliver on what it, what the objectives are. if, if it's to expand to dirt that the tutorial integrity of, of my last did, of course, that would definitely piggyback on some form to improve confidence in growth as me goes on on this as really wagner. right. but the, the risk here is no in flu and nobody knows how france is going to respond if they're going to our scenario, the withdrawal, or if, if a fast i, hill, this might be my little expulsion of molly or some of complication within the region. i response because there melissa, in the not consult with regional regional countries in the lead up to this agreement. so this is very unilateral agreement to combat the problem that is regional. so that lack of coordination is why anytime in the analysis or by cybersecurity, wallison, we have to find ways to do better coordination or andrea should neighboring

countries be nervous at the prospects of russian mercenaries operating nearby and potentially on their territory. in the case of missouri became a facile certainly i think there's some reason to be concerned about this, particularly given the way that that one group has behaved in other countries. and given also the fact that there is a reasonable concern about the impact that this would have not only on civilians but also on potentially even fermenting the uncertainty further. given the behavior of these forces again in other conflicts. i also think that part of this is that for the regional countries, there's been a long process of a trying to put in place, not always easily. or we've been trying to put in place different international cooperation frameworks for resolving conflict or for dealing with the conflict. and so, and any rapid change in that, or a departure of the international community for molly could have some benefits to

regional countries, especially in the chair. but could also disrupt a lot of this work and disrupt a lot of the networks that are in place. and i think that would also prove quite complicated to navigate and we're rapidly running out of time here. but less than 2 minutes. if you could answer this question, whether it's a big question, what needs to happen to bring peace and stability to the sale region? that doesn't really a question. you can answer it in 2 minutes. and if i, if, if i knew then i think i would've, i would've been as a baby think that there does need to be a much more persistent focus on the needs of today and the needs of sally and communities. and the politics are all this, these are, these are not military solutions are not economic solutions to these conflicts. alternately, many of these conflicts are, are political and have to be dealt with through a political lens through political processes that are, that are inclusive and where the interest really can support regional and local

initiatives. i think that's how we can, we can start to get on a better path in the region. and for brief, coming back to something that you are saying a few moments ago about russia getting a seat at the table relatively cheaply. what are the political and security costs to europe, from all of their songs, from what's going on in the south region right now? well, the obvious cost is to have a potential terrorist threat on europe in national living in the region, but more recently or so on europe, in territory, even though that trade has been remote lately which can be regarded as one of the small measures of success of the french intervention, the other, the other costs, which i think we see almost every day on tv screens is you by not having stable governments by not having controlled borders. you do have a significant,

illegal migration flow going from the to, to europe. which politically is, as you know, vague or traverse, show, and plays in a very toxic way and the domestic political debates. and don't forget that the france is going to vote for a new president next year. so i think these are the major cars. however, continuing on the same basis as now has also its costs in terms of human cost, death, toll of friends showed years and now the so years and also financial. so i think this is, they feel like that we have to walk here is to do less, but not to do nothing. a big way we say time is terribly, terribly size here. is this something that the military lead government in molly consoles, or is it something that's going to have to wait until that is a democratically elected civilian led government? this occurred, this is the situation in my lee and across the side is so that we can't make it

a issue of democracy or no democracy can. so whatever government is in place, there is something that can be done today tomorrow, next more immediately. so what i, what i spect molly to do is try to work more closely with the regional government. i know the con, the dynamic is different because it's a cool go. and nicole was his final point because it's not government, but we have to look at the solution, a real regional response that is truly regional, not a friend lead response. i defy. i wish i was fields, but one that i really expand to include all of the players individual like are, is a wires. and then you are not part of the coalition to combat terrorism in, in a car, in the continental part of the continent where most of the values we've seen across more country. so molly can solve this problem, but it will need to do better to coordinate with his neighbors. the gentleman, i'm afraid we're going to have to leave it with rush time. thank you very much

indeed for being with us for pre sport gay of the way a going to and andrew leibovich as always, thank you for watching. don't forget, you can see the program again at any time. just by going to the web site, you'll find that at al jazeera dot com for further discussion. you can join us on facebook page that's at facebook dot com, forward slash ha inside story. and you can draw the conversation on twitter handle at ha, inside story. for me, adrian again, the whole team here and thanks for watching, i'll see you again. ah

october oh, now jesse and brewing vaccine inequality for the political and economic impacts. the latest development as the corona virus pandemic continues to spread across the globe. democracy made it an expensive new series, explores the ever growing challenges to democracy around the world. former book timothy president, blaze come pouring goes on 5 for the estimation of a $3.00 to $5.00 commer. thank her. contact india, direct from them by brings insights and perspectives from the world's most populous democracy. you work, you go to the palm in an election likened to deploying the country's future. october on al jazeera talk to al jazeera, we all get what gives you hope that it is going to be peace because this situation on the ground seems to be pointing. otherwise we listen. we were never on the whatever road to off migration we meet with global news makers and talk about the

stories that matter on al jazeera. how many nukes is too many new america has in many ways driven the arms race for parties are much more like the british parties down to the there are fewer regulations to own a tiger than there are its own. dod, how can this be happening? your we take on us politics and society and that's the bottom line. ah, i molly inside into our, with your top stories on al jazeera, least, 60 people have been killed in northern afghanistan in the deadliest attack since foreign forces left the country at the end of august. a suicide bomber targeted friday. prayers that a sheer mosque in conduce close to the border with touch exxon. i saw in afghanistan, which poses a growing threat to the taliban has claimed responsibility. i am

a how bought out reports from my study should iif, oh, these are the most of the last 2.