we have quite few unable policemen, quite a few, a number of 5 this man, this is a country of our poor 100000000 and we have less than 4 to 500000 military men. lisman combine. this is unacceptable. in desperation, some nigerians teach our training an army malicious throughout white articles but still largely outcome the malicious ruby and poorly equipped to confront the threat posed by bandit. with superior reference ahmed trees, al jazeera cuba ah hello, are you watching al jazeera? these are the top stories, this our m a u has pledged a 1000000000 dollars for afghanistan. as late as the world's 20 largest economies meant to discuss the situation, then the european commission chief says the money will help avoid a major humanitarian and socio economic collapse. it will be given to international

organizations working in afghanistan, not the taliban government, which brussels does not recognize. katara was invited to the g 20 virtual summit because of its mediation efforts, a mere shake, its ham and been hammered. al fanny appeared appealed rather to the ladies to fulfill their obligations to the afghan people before had the tim howard. hello alicia. the deal included agreements of dialogue between afghani partners themselves. in addition to the withdrawal of the coalition forces from the afghan territories, the hope was that there will be peace and no other activities that pose a threat to other countries would take place from of ghani territory your it is upon of gun histones k. take a government to implement that on the international community has a responsibility towards afghanistan. emma, that includes international and humanitarian aid to afghanistan to j. experience has shown that isolation leads to polarization and sha positions. we know that corporation and da low could lead to moderation and resolution of conflict while go

to the u. n. z top court has rejected kenya's claims in a maritime border distribution. the indian ocean, somali is low surgeon the international court of justice, accused kenya of illegally awarding exploration, ryans in waters within its boundary. the u. k. government's delay in imposing a lock down at the start of the pandemic is one of the country's worst. if a public health failures, that's the conclusion of a newly released parliamentary report inquiry by him pays also found releasing people from hospital to care homes, cost thousands of lives. chillies government is declaring a state of emergency in its south central region of around can near. that's where i'm to members from the indigenous, my pu che group have taken control of forests. there's been protests in recent wakes in the capital santiago, the mom who che, demanding self determination and the preservation of ancestral lands. those are the headlines. i'm emily anglin. stick around for inside story,

and i'll be back at the top of the hour. ah. time is running out to save the planet world life, the un biodiversity summit and china's demanding urgent action. but the wills failed to meet any of the golden set. 10 years ago to protect nature. so what will this conference actually achieve? this is inside story. ah hello and welcome to the program. today with me,

pete adobe leaders from around the world will gather in glasgow for the cop 26 climate change summit. and just under 3 weeks from now, a closely linked un summit on biodiversity is taking place right now in china, with the aim of preserving our planets, wildlife, plants and animals are disappearing at an alarming rate. the u. n. has said human activity is driving a 1000000 species towards extinction. agriculture pollution and climate change or threatening ecosystems worldwide. the u. n's bio security chief opened the conference in con ming with this warning. we are facing our moment of truth. if we had to meet the 25th division of living in harmony with nature, we must take actions this decade to hold in rivers by a diversity laws and pointed by a diversity on a path to recovery by 2030. at the latest. this is their

defining challenge of our tain, china's president. she ging ping, has launched a $230000000.00 fun to help protect ecosystems. in the developing countries is what he had to say be under flu virginia, about facing the jewel task of restoring the economy and protecting the environments. developing countries need even more help and supports. we need to strengthen now unity and work together to get through this challenging time so that the results of development and better ecology will be farrah. the summit and china includes parties to the un convention on biological diversity or c, b, d. in 2010 representatives agreed on a 10 year plan to protect species and to conserve ecosystems. but none of their goals are achieved by the 2020 deadline. countries now aim to come up with a new set of targets for the next 10 years. this includes putting 30 percent of the earth's land on oceans under protected status, otherwise known as the 30 by 30,

and eliminating plastic waste and reducing the use of harmful pesticides. ah, okay, there we are. here we go. let's bring in our guests. joining us from london, govern edwards global coordinator at new deal for nature and people at the world wide fund international in nairobi, we have nancy if eager kenya, country director at the african wildlife foundation and in brussels. we have stefan singer, senior climate science and global energy policy advisor at climate action network international. welcome to you all nancy in nairobi. coming to 1st, we're talking about cop 15. we've been talking about it for a decade. nothing apparently has changed. how come? yeah, unfortunately this is another 15 and as we are saying, looking back at the last 10 years, 2011 to 2020, we do not achieve the commitment that were made globally. many countries do not

achieve that. in fact, almost all do not achieve it. so we are saying it not to walk. there was commitment . was there sufficient action? probably not. was there sufficient resources? probably not. so now looking at 2020 and beyond what we are calling our builds. 2020. what then should change if we are going to achieve what wasn't achieved in the last 10 years? so quite a lot and unfortunately also coming up the backdrop of bigger challenges, bigger challenges of climate change, bigger challenges, of course, as we currently have. ah. so then commitment now and as we speak about post 2020 has to be matched with action has to be matched with the resources stephan singer in brussels, climate change, or the main aspects of climate change we're told all the time can be reversible. but once an ecosystem is lost, is it last for ever? you need to talk, you need, you need to talk to illusion that no one knows,

but the point is if you lose species, these species are gone forever. so it's an irreversible loss. we have the same thing with climate change, some of the losses. so some of the impacts of climate change are of course, reversible. that's the reason why we are fighting for deep emissions reductions about 50 percent of fossil fuel emissions reductions by 2030, which is based on scientific recommendations. and further on facing our fossil fuels completely and stopping and reversing the destruction and degradation of ecosystems and forests. as a very strong component to store carbon, to protect biodiversity which are important for our life. and for many other purposes, we cannot in time exchange, we cannot basically hold um in a short term and reverse in a short term the douglas haitian of polar ice caps. unfortunately, all the losses of the himalayan glaciers. once we lost glaciers in greenland or in

the antarctic her once as a global big location process, it's very, very late. it's very, very difficult to recapture that one in intentionally so even millennia. the same was true for reciting, sea level rice and f. c level ice, a curse we loose, very important coastal ecosystems, populations, frontline communities. so if they're in smaller than states and countries like bangladesh, for instance, on other a low lying areas and coastal areas, mainly in developing countries or in cities. it's very difficult to reclaim that lamp back once is flooded with salt water for many reasons. so i think irritability in our time scale, which is an edward letter. so the life of a person, an 100 years. also, climate change is not necessarily possible, might be the possible and longer term that at some point in time the glacial return . but this is beyond our control bianco lifeline. ok. but not the time. it's not possible for species if they're gone, they're gone. ok. kevin edwards in london,

we think, or we're assuming there is a momentum being built here to set new targets for the 2030 will. those targets be missed as well. as nancy said, we had a little bit of a last decade where not enough action was taken this time. it has to be different. this time it feels difference a compared to a decade ago. now we have many will lead us 90 to will leaders of sign a pledge, a nature, and then those that pledge you mccree to implement. and i pledge we've seen a 1000 seos from businesses around the world. commit on nature, an advocate for a strong action plan on the jet, and start with just our own business practices on nature as well. we've seen the finance sector and central bankers start to look at how they are investing in a managing risks. relate to nature, lost in their businesses, particularly on cultural sector as well. and we see civil society and greater and greater numbers, faith organizations, humanitarian groups, and others,

raising their voice to also we see new funding, new money committed just a couple weeks ago, we saw 5000000000 in new philanthropic funding for conservation. today we heard president g or of china and his opening remarks, a different conference, commit to 230000000 of funding to help developing countries as well. now all of these numbers are big. they're not know when they are big enough, but what they are doing is creating that positive momentum for change. so this time we feel if there is a strong action plan put in place incoming, the context is very much different than a decade ago. people are starting to realize nature is no longer a luxury because we like wildlife our way places. this is about us in the same way that climate change is about humanity and civilization. losing nature is too bad, is more and more understood by more people than ever before. that gives us

a fighting chance at the next decade can and shouldn't, will be different. nancy and i will be coming back to you, you're in a major african city. the in nairobi, africa, the african countries is, aren't necessarily known for manufacturing very much. it is a continent of biodiversity. you've got deserts in the north of the continent. you've got lush, rain forest type countries across that. so hell heading down towards the southern half of africa. is it particularly acute for the african countries and what are they doing to push back against this? yeah, i think for african greatly said we are a niche based economy, most of our economies, most of our livelihoods are actually nature based, biodiversity based. so anything happening to that biodiversity, as has been happening, the last few years, impacts the livelihoods of every single african. we do not have the manufacturing companies or huge industries. so most of us are reliant on that biodiversity. and

therefore, when it fails, then we are looking at failing economy, see also looking at failing nations. and i think we've seen that when we have had a, the extreme events, rain, rain events on the part extreme drought. so this impact on takes us back very, very far in terms of our economy or economy and also a livelihood. and therefore, for us, maybe more importantly than any other continent, it is actually important that they are commitments and actions that are actionable . as you said, the last ticket may be not much was achieved. actually we are struggling under seeing there isn't enough resources put to ensure that biodiversity actually has its place on the table. like we have had climate change. it should not be an often biodiversity shouldn't be an often it's largely impacted by climate change. and therefore, the decisions that are made probably at climate change, where we have new positions and resources set aside,

should be much more or equal to what would be good for biodiversity. without it then we are talking of an african that cannot survive. and with a large population, a growing youth population, all of us very dependent on the natural resources. then for us, biodiversity. this is not just a discussion. this is about all i believe. stephan under the chinese leadership over the coming decade or so, i suspect we're going to hear more of the so called 30 times 3030 percent of our land and 30 percent of our oceans need to be protected. how do you square that? however, with the next donald trump, for example, a pros until a prime minister someplace good gets into office saying jobs, jobs, jobs, and or the next discovery of an undiscovered, massive field of oil or gas underneath the coral reefs of australia. how do you stop people exploiting those areas in that kind of scenario?

um that's a very challenging question. let me be honest. it's not the, it's not the of the good chinese government against the, um, against the bad potential u. s. government. i think the choices was people who are impacted ah, if we see large scale oil. busy gas and cold reserves being currently exploited, currently exploited. if you would carry on was exploitation of only the currently known and currently operating minds, oil fields and gas feels that would be enough to wreck the climate. we do not need new fields. the i will come out very soon on that one. there sat the 2nd in order to save the climate. to protect the world from damaging climate change per se, effects and turn about a recipe. we need to stop all new or gas and cold develop and very strongly because we already have too many. so even if they explore nuance,

this is already much too much what we have available to speak for doing the spit conversion. and i trust people, i trust frontline communities, i trust the communities on the ground in developing countries, but also develop countries at us. trust the people woof, woof. seen experienced climate change, the droughts, the flux from yahoo, sheer and cbr in summer to people in africa, which have seen feelers of the harvest. people and latin america recept seemed going up the, the rain forest and the amazon and flames, et cetera, et cetera. people in the arctic which she, me dwindling of the of the, of the, of the ice sheets, including my own country in germany. what we have seen on summer, the surrender slots, which killed up to 300 foreigner people just in 2 days. and the pick destruct that occurred, people get waking up and they will make happen that this is not happening again and they will make sure i hope. and that's what we're fighting for that these kind of development is not happy that not the new trump is possible. that we will come to

a point where we were fighting for so fuel to new development. and we getting more and more support from conventional normal institutions like international energy agency, like the i p c. c, like scientific institution that we have a choice to make. and we all benefit from that want to go to renewables. good energy efficiency to pay the forest stefan. i'm going to put on there because i just want to kind of knock that point forward and, and talk to gavin edwards in london the next minute or so. gavin, one of the driving principals here is that we have got to, to save the planet, but also to save these ecosystems and the species. we have got to have the footprint of production and consumption. everything from non electric cars up to and including, including single use paper, coffee cops having production consumption on paper. sounds like a really good idea and we can all of course, be the change we want to see. but if you do that,

doesn't it mean massive unemployment? i've quite the opposite in fact, and we just put out a study recently which estimated a few 1000000 of 30 month 9000000 new jobs could be created in a very short time frame. i by investing in the right technologies in there and, and the right industries over the decade were next. the next decade, world economic forum estimated 3 over 250000000 jobs can be created as well. so there is a clear win win here. ah, it's ok to protect places we have to do that. it should protect a large part of the 30 percent of the world or for every dollar spent on protection . $5.00 can be returned in economic development as well. so if you couple that with a real rethink about how we say, how we send to be using, can chew everything from the food week to the plastic, we can chew, et cetera, et cetera. it is possible, it's not only possible, it is absolutely essential as well. and with those kinds of measures committed over

the next years, we can see instead of nature negative and us losing nature, we can see and nature positive world. if we can couple that are within that 0 world, where emissions are becoming a thing of the past because we're leaving that oil and coal in the ground is stephane single, laid out better than we do stand a fighting chance at the end of the decade. it is possible and it is good for the economy and it is good for local jobs and local employment as well. nancy in nairobi an awful lot of what we're discussing seems to me is about over exploitation of these bio diverse areas, the ecosystems, the species that live in them, that rely that need to carry on existing within those bio diverse areas. is it possible to exploit these areas, not over exploit them, but exploit them. use them, utilize the minerals, the oil, the gas, whatever that's underneath them, around the near them. but leave them the way they were before humanity went in,

utilized the resources and then left. a good balance on may be a difficult balance because it's not a choice between development and conservation. actually there is no choice. there. it is development with conservation. so we are saying we can then develop but develop in a sustainable we, we are critically sensitive areas on this globe. they are critical. what areas where we shouldn't actually be exploring for means also oil. or, you know, any exploration there because these are critical sensitive areas and those needs to be left. and i think when we're talking about a 30 by 30 or an official like that, what we are saying is that the areas which needs to be left. because then the help balance our existence with that of nature. however, when we are looking at investments, we are pushing for sustainable investments, africa, math, develop. but can we do that? can we have investments that are sustainable so that if it is infrastructure,

it is sustainable infrastructure. if it is areas that need to be left us the why then these areas are left us. they were, we've already lost a lot as africa as the african nations in kenya in many of our nations. but what we are saying is that then this needs to stop. and as we look at that, you indicate for a story on, been restored has been lost, but still develop in a sustainable way. so it is not a choice of one or the other. it is more, you know, a deliberate choice of investments where we also calling upon investors and the banking institutions to also ensure that when they are lending money for investments, then these are sustainable investments, not investments that come to destroy our very biodiversity are very natural capital where most of the africans to rely on. so sustainable investments is what would be calling for from businesses across the globe. stefan in brussels. we're shaking your head as i was asking nancy my ruby. that question. is it your sense that we've

got to move from a wish list of it'd be really good if we could all the chief us together to a list of must achieve this together? yeah, i mean that is one of the questions we're getting asked very often is sold to what are your 3 key targets you want to achieve? that means we have to drop 50 other targets and it's always the kind of choice of kind of higher causation. we have to do as angie elsa says, those governments have to do the same and it's difficult to do. but let me tell you as a rule of thumb, the rule of thumb is not necessary, although it's a good step forward to protect 30 percent of our land, of our oceans, of our land, of our a cease, and from future exploitation. that's a good start. but in the end where we, we have a 1000000000 people on earth very soon and all we have a growing and needed lifestyle. it many people us the poor in the developing countries and need to grow their, their life little. it's undoubtedly they will have more. busy more,

more cons consumption, i mean, we cannot, we cannot ignore that when we need to support it and at it's up to the go, the nurse to reduce its consumption. but then i would argue we need a kind of understanding that we, that we need to not necessary to protect, but to manage sustainably all lent, all ocean, all lakes or rivers or mountains. otherwise it doesn't work. okay. i think that's a challenge. we have to do because we impact also another crisis. we impact on freshwater and we impact on resource availability. um we impact on solar ocean. we impact on whatever and all is thunder pim, by the growing inequality between the rich and the poor. both was in nation and among the events. let's just upon that point stefan for a 2nd about inequality with david edwards in london. gavin is part of the problem here that the financing is trickle down top to bottom and the conversation is the other way bottom to top is it's fantastic. of course,

that job base oss gives $1000000000.00 us dollars to various global climate change organizations. but trickle down financing arguably never works because it's never spent properly in the right places at the right time. and the conversation is going on literally at ground level. that's why, for example, we need to get to a stage where indigenous peoples rights are enshrined in the acts of parliament or the acts of legislation that cover these areas of biodiversity. well, exactly right peter. first of all, if you look at the large intact areas left in the world are high priority conservation. they overlap very, very heavily with indigenous peoples and local communities. they've been the traditional stewards of these lands. and to this day, they've been a part of ensuring that they are still functioning ecosystems. so clearly, communities need to be able to be supported and missed their rights need to be

respected. any attention conservation have to include a free prior informed consent of human dis, anakin, and any development be tourism. or there are other kinds of development communities after absolutely benefit from those conservation measures as well. there are some, plenty of examples around the world where this is the case, those models do and can work. and so that's one of the areas that needs to be invested in. it's not the only one if you think about the whole need for conservation funding or the pulse institute estimate about 700000000000 is needed, or actually fund conservation efforts that pays back to the economy in all sorts of ways. whether it's helping avoid a future pandemic, like coven 19, or whether it's helping a local community get out of poverty as well. and that funding doesn't just come from the flat or best of the world, like jeff bees, us, it comes from governments. a comes through removing subsidies, perverse subsidies, which are right now undermining nature. undermined by for example,

ensuring the food system is unsustainable, and then happily rewarding farmers for those unsustainable practices as well. that has to change from governments for every to stand a chance on understood thanks about govern in the last minute of the program, nancy coming to you. are you optimistic or pessimistic that we will hit this 30 by 30 target because at the moment i find it astonishing that only 8 percent of our, our oceans on the planet are officially protected. because underneath the surface, there is something that if we lose it, it's gone forever. i choose actually to remain optimistic. i think a fair, the commitment that has been shown by admissions can be actioned. then there is actually a lot of hope. i think what a has not been pursued for instance, is this 30 by 30 should also include those areas beyond the duties diction of missions. the deep sees where everybody wants to go in there with the big vessels and fish and harvest done to exploit. so if this is also part of the 30 by 30,

that is hope, and i think it is doable. and the 30 by 30 should also not be for some countries, but should be taken as a global target, where it's country us all to see its role to play in that 30 by 30. but beyond the lance, i think the deep seas also give us an opportunity if we can manage that sustainably . so they actually go by the mean optimistic, nice to finish a depressing conversation on, on optimistic note nancy, thank you so much. we are out of time. thank you to, i guess they were gavin edwards, nancy configure, and stuff and saying thank you to for your company. you can see the show again, be the website, amazon dot com and for further discussion, go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ha inside story. you can also draw the conversation on twitter via at ha, inside story from me, peter toby and the entire team here. and our thanks for watching. we will do it again as usual, time tomorrow. bye bye. ah

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