is also trying to distance himself from the facebook run and cuba national assembly has approved a raft of laws, broadening citizens legal rights. and the country has been coming under fire at home and abroad for a crackdown on protests earlier this year. the new laws stem from the 2019 constitution, which requires reforms to modernize cube is judicial and penal codes. lawmakers say they increase protection for those accused of a crime and also improve transparency. ah, and are there this is al jazeera and these are the headlines top oil and gas executives have deny and misleading the public about climate change. the ceo's of major oil companies appeared before the u. s. congress. it's the 1st time they've testified under oath on the subject. meanwhile, u. s. president joe biden doesn't. yes, appear to have full support of his party for his $1.00 trillion dollars spending

bill. a group of democrats says it won't vote on the package without a separate $1.00 trillion dollar bill. these are not about love versus roy, or moderate versus progressive or anything else that puts americans against one. this is about competitiveness versus complacency. competitors versus complacency is about expanding opportunity, not opportunity, didn't are small leaving the world. we're letting the world passes bar. and the u. s. president though is now in rome using wildly as the head of the g. 20 summit. there. he is also due to hold talks with the head of the catholic church in the coming hours. after the 2 day gathering. he'll then move to glasgow for a un climate summit. nearly a half a 1000000 homes near trailing station. victoria had been left without power after strong winds tore down power lines. the storm also damaged buildings and uprooted trees. some train services were suspended and several vaccination centers were

closed. the astellas case against argentina's former president are it's your mockery. it has been suspended. he is accused of ordering intelligence agencies to spy on the families of crew members of a submarine that sang 4 years ago. the united states and you are not increasing the pressure on su don's military urging a return to civilian rule. joe biden says the u. s. stands with the demonstrators who are angry about the military seizure of power on monday, days of violence between security forces. and protesters in cartoon has killed at least 11 people. facebook has changed its name. the parent company of the famous social media site is now called meta chief executive mog soccer. bog says it reflects a future wiles with even more online interaction. well, there is the headlines. i'll have more for you here after inside story. setting the discussions, what is green washing is when an oil company talked green, but at 30 unflinching journalism, are you committed to building

a vibrant deal aquatic up? got into sharing personal stories with a global audience. our ministers had no idea what happening in the shop fuel, but i could see the body bag explorer and abundance of work. tough programming climate change is another principal issue of survival on algae 0. should western sanctions on entities in zimbabwe be lifted? are you in special envoy says measures imposed by the u. s. u and u. k. are destroying people's lives, but are sanctions to blame prison bob ways, economic troubles. this is inside store. ah.

hello and welcome to the program. i'm hammer, jim drum sanctions, were placed on individuals and entities in zimbabwe in 2003. the u. s. a. u and u. k. imposed those sanctions accusing politicians and entities of human rights abuses and repressing democracy. but in bob way says, the sanctions have led to widespread misery. the un special wrapper tour on unilateral coercive measures agrees zimbabwe government invited alena do hon to visit for 10 days. after speaking with ministers, civil society organizations and businesses to hon. call for the sanctions to end. she says they've had an insidious ripple effect on the economy and worsened people's access to health, food education and employment. here's what's in. bob weighs justice minister, had to say at the start of do hands visit who went to sanctions removed because the if affected if the facet will for life. so in that shoe,

our document that we're going to give them will clearly indicate the effects of fences or not so fit the sanctions were imposed during former president robert gabe's rule and were extended in february last year. the u. s. and e, you cited a lack of progress on political and human rights reforms, at least 59 companies. and more than 140 people including president emerson monongahela had been sanctioned for alleged rights abuses. the u. k. recently imposed punishments on fours and bob, wy, and security officials over crackdowns on protesters in 20182019. the western measures include travel restrictions, embargo on sales of military equipment and a freeze on assets. the government says the financial measures are crippling the countries development. but critics blame government mismanagement and corruption ah. all right,

let's bring our guess from hoary over due to the founder of the negotiate legal consultancy and public governance institute and former zimbabwe and deputy minister of justice and legal affairs. from johannesburg piers peggy, international crisis group, senior consultant for southern africa and also fund herrera e bow. mendoza, director of the southern africa political economy series. trust, thanks to you all for joining us today. we appreciate your time here on inside story. oh barry, let me start with you in the past, you've apologized for being part of opposition. party politicians in zimbabwe, who repeatedly called on the west to impose and maintain sanctions on zimbabwe. why did you apologize? yes, i apologize because i felt a section and did talk reflection and then analysis. but i definitely been

a very naive to run along with the sanctions under bobbie narrative. in fact, i think i was one of the most vocal of what it is and then we're passionate about getting, you know, 4 functions to be imposed. in fact, i actually thought then that the functions that actually digital and i was like look at the way been more sanctions strong, our biggest actions. and on further reflection, i didn't realize that no, i think maybe my conceptualization of 2 or a strict adult so called targeted sanctions was not exactly what, what didn't happen. i think that this is attempts to idealistic conceptualization of this animal called targeted function. because in reality, there's nothing like target function. the sanctions again, isn't but it actually been all some functions. if anyone who was been targeted is

the poor man and woman, woman in the townships, the poor minute woman in the village, out today in the areas. in other words, it is millions of the poverty stricken and toiling muscle. we actually get to buy these instructions. so with the time i didn't realize that admit that i give the, i think the with mistake of my political career associating myself and you've been open the advocacy and passionately doing so for the position of sanctions on my beloved countries. and so i have to now i've had this sense of guilt, this deep sense of shame at this sense of free, great at this is why i decided to go public and to say to my country and to my cancer, we meant to my, my been that com, but just that i'm sorry, let me just let me take so much. and once again, i just need to regenerate my apology and to say that apology is top is from the

depth of my hat and it's on condition able. have you been surprised by what you've heard so far from a special envoy? do hon. is this what you had expected to hear from her was quite surprised myself because i think the, the, the 1st impression that more people ahead many people. ready at least the thought this wasn't an invite to you of a government issued simply say. ready what exactly the government wants to hear and indeed it, the bachelor reset up for her. appeared to be very. ready state centered and appeared to, to, to, to, to have left out the position as soon as id. but i was surprised if the statement which was issued as it is correct. i was surprised. that's quite a valid statement that on the one entity, yes, she acknowledges the,

the issue of session as that even though they were targeted to have ad dash division checked on the, the economy in terms of perception and so on and so forth. but this went on, which is where it was the best went on to highlights that which most of the been highlighting the need for police really forms the need for 10 ration by implication. special question isn't as long as i think that there's an a. ready well some of us we've been calling for official apology in the coming basis. ready that both this the state is beyond redemption. there no capacity to reform. busy and therefore, and the physician is better than decimated and. busy therefore there's a need to get together and ran by traditional which is the concept space

before the next. yes. appears. how much of an impact will this statement from the special rapper to your have and how much weight does it carry? well, thanks for the question. thanks into the discussion on most issue, i don't think the statements will necessarily have that much impact, although it does depend on the extent which the parties are doing the sanctioning and those being sanctioned use as a constructive. what i do think there is a lot to, to see on the site, to the shoe, a more instructive dialogue about the issues that are on the table. a do think her mr. and hers re, some extremely issues which sanctioning nations need to look at much more seriously

in a chair way as well. not just with respect to these particular met, the issue of own finance that she emphasizes in statement is an important one. but i do think that there will be some questions asked about her analysis is kind of a cherry thinking what her with respect to the major causal factors of current lack of enjoyment, that ordinary sinback with, with respect to human rights, integrity and so forth. and, well, certainly the inference on over all of those issues, there will be some that will question and will wait to see whatever. but so i just took all the kind of early tips that she's added around the impact all measures that have been put in place. i mean,

i was one fundamentally disagree with his reflections that these patients had such a devastating impact on the ordinary individuals. they certainly have had an impact . i think there's no doubt that question is, how do we waive that one would hope that the process that we've seen would enable a more constructive dialogue or with a view to say happens and relating the sonata is to hands. oh barrett, of course piers just now disagreed with your viewpoint on all of this. when it comes to sanctions, the effects that they've had. i want to give you a chance to reply yes. when you look at the effects of the legal sanctions about the effects, it's actually been for some of the medical for all our lives.

we know, and we know some of these places. that's where, where, where, where when a been to the villages out to the townships where you, you, your, your visit to the course of the poor. so you, you, you get an opportunity to, to see for yourself and total appreciate from 1st and 0, one on one position to see that this is what function that, that the dimension of what was the maybe one of southern africa most sophisticated industrial base that independent dimension each. now just a photo shape. ok, we have it, people talk of corruption, but you should also look at the symbiotic relationship between sanctions that actually i, i believe that actually, you know, sanctioned by one of the main diamonds of corruption. and we're, we're saying at the end of the day, when we look at the, the timing of the function, it really nothing to do with so called none of logan's of human rights in the rule of law. it had everything to do with the lender program,

which is beginning in february of 2000 zimbabwe is actually being punished for biking, one on something that was handled. i'm sure the former go to no power in the middle, is the post with a bit to say this little country in southern africa. how did they do that? chicken land from about 40045025000 white commercial thomas a book, and then like, just a crock. another guy has let us make the economists cream. and boy, they economy did scream. hey, bo, special envoy, do hon says the unilateral sanctions and the over compliance with the measures in their complexity had exacerbated preexisting economic conditions, especially for those living in poverty, women, children, and the elderly, among others. do you agree with that assessment? very difficult. the to, to qualify that's to qualify that extent which sections or tabs as measures

will have that effect. i think the one does want to be turn it into the debate such as quickly as to provoke of, of a prize debate between those who think section of that bad and those exceptions are good. i went to understand the context of function, the measures and out on say that not and my view 20th of these, so called midges. they have not achieved the po for we still put it in place. they become more token that's different from the mandatory you in a section that they've seen before in producer and in other countries. and secondly, they have not had the they're not punished these, they're so called targeted individuals when the country these people way. ready and

very. ready very more prosperous on the. ready one with the center of indigent. and therefore for me, the issue of debatable searches. but what's the based on whether they achieve the purpose which is to improve they adore to, to do in influenced or what i want to say force. but this was political and economic reforms they. ready have not achieved that the contrary. we have gone down with the economy and political terms with which was a cool place. so nothing of the improve. so they need to change the paradigm and move and that's way welcome. the envoys reference to structured data structure dialogue for me, touch it data,

just putting us in our statement when the decision about it, it is time to down and look for a way forward as through vision of national, regional and international cooperation. which weighs in need of a recent after that that's the best of the peers . you heard there talk about how the rep, special repertoire is calling for a structured dialogue. is that something you think can happen at this point? well no, i was watching the yo a listen to the song. yeah. spokesman today sir, who was talking about this is her endorsement. so it looks like to started off process, which is

a controversial process that has been introduced by the president man and doug or does not have mains pre session nbc alliance. i doodle saying that what is being referred to is the process. and i do think it is kind of dialogue ah, sir mendoza is referring to one but also move beyond find or at the something special said move beyond her and abandoned the kind of rhetoric that section is what we continue to see from some players here to see what advantage it seems very unlikely in the run up to the electron in the next 18 months or so that we're going to see a real commitment from certain actors or to that kind of dialogue. oh barry from your point of view, um, are there conditions in place right now in zimbabwe,

whereby there could be a framework developed for some kind of national dialogue or constructive dialogue going forward? oh yes. oh yes. you know, the main challenge, i think that so some of our colleagues colleagues and, but is this issue of saying it's the dialogue is not like, you know, a g ban on the chevy? you know, on that by 40 pounds, what i mean because then it's just not to legitimate that i just say no, we want to initiate a dialogue with the african union to measure the dialogue. they've even been holes for the, for the mad emissions the down. and so for just the, why was the looking at some, but you know, one of them because highest a see, we have put them into human capital within the country as a human capital. and also human capital in the dash for some of the

most q people across whatever a personal professional divide you may want to see, we have smokers are capable of doing that. so i think the moment that people didn't say for as long as the dialogue maybe you said in one me and does not include some foreign interest and you know what an interest i was in, in the position for more than 20 years of my life. and i know how the opposition did. i know the hand of the, for a certain politics. didn't somebody? because i was there. i was there right in that mix. i was in the mission. i was going to call me to them to say, so i know what i'm talking about. so dialogue is really happening is the bullet process in zimbabwe. and i believe that it is one of the muster, but sure to get one of the most actually all the, most of the folks. so why are the people that interested in all that, to say no, we want to bilateral dialogue with, in ourselves, which doesn't include all other players. it simply won't. it won't happen. it's not

going to happen. why good politics include everybody, the so called big political players and the so called what is called plants. and paula, despite the effort, well that kind of balance. so paula disease he bought, you wrote a piece in which you said the vein, expectations that the november 2017, who would redeems in bob way from the international isolation under this in bob way, is open for business mantra have all but gone up in smoke why is that theresa grace live my brother. oh good to utter those. those words. ready i mean, i'm shocked that he thinks pollard is a way for it was not absolutely shocked. you know, never knows that call it is. it's a cul de sac queen or we can. i mean, the job was about was know that if he doesn't surprised that secondly,

i think that the the the, the way forward the kind of dialogue which begins, there's been interpretation of the old data is the one which is the most, blatantly at failure. but i believe data, genuine data begin with the recognition or the restoration. of course it's about the 10 and the 10 of the moved to the better. that's the sort of night for a dialogue that takes us forward. and we always need to listen to tuition right. through from one jolts to the level to house agreement, we believe that we need to attend that kind of situation again with the help of the

region and they help the district. we have stated the status. that's the international, effective with both the thank. ready on. ready need to have a started and ships if some kind of do engage with the above the cross, the device to engage the catalogs. genuine data that begins earlier with a structure question i. ready wonder whether when this lady referred to a subject that was coaching the document we did in 2016, long before the the the cool. when we saw the cook, i mean we were stage where we are going into it. and to think that we're going suddenly with us, i think that it's elusive facilities and peers from your perspective,

will the special operators work to be able to in able a broader fact based engagement on the issues that she has been investigating. but it shouldn't be. i mean, i think this is so really is the next step. it's unfortunate that we're only going to see final reports in september next year. but i think there's a great deal of interest. this is an issue the requires attention. there is a real opportunity and us to have that discussion that goes beyond the posturing, see a continuing or even in the face of state that she has made cherry issues from that side of the question, as i said earlier, is whether the key parties are prepared to come to the table, it's not as if there aren't opportunities and spaces and either either internally or between the parties instituting sanctions and those of the receiving it. there

is lot change you to do this list. see really now how the actors on to this or from the special raptor. but i do think she also has a responsibility. see how best she said the type that and to catalyze, ah, the discussion because what i see on the table at the moment from her is provoked publications which are a book publications. but people will need to see what the evidence is in order to enable and analyze appears. let me just follow up with you real quick and we only have about a moment left on. what do you foresee happening when the special envoy presents her final report? next year. well, i mean the table and again i hope that that's another rejection. bear in mind that we like to still have these measures that are going to another

opportunity to joy this discussion board. and it seems to me the external actors from the region. so, bro, in enabling that session, but it requires so much. oh, really? and that's a level of honesty and the move away from clustering. and a more discussion, i think is the way to go. but unfortunately, i think as we see the broader issues around the key parties are not willing to go that way. nora, we run out of time. we're going to have to leave the conversation or thanks so much all or i guess, oh, very good to hear speaker and able mendoza and thank you to for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website al jazeera dot com, and for further discussion, go to our facebook page at facebook dot com, forward slash ha, inside story. you can also during the conversation on twitter, we're at a j inside story. and then how much of room the whole team here,

bye for now. oh to al jazeera in the field goes to one of the world's most dangerous migration that i crossing through this dangerous jungle to make it to north america and meet some of those trying to cross the columbia, panama borden, in search of a better modem. they say the only thing left or there expired passport on al jazeera it's the world's. 2 most populous democracy, diverse dynamic and undergoing moment is seen context, india dixon, in depth. look at the people and politics of india. exploring how the coven 19 pandemic struck the nation. it's continuing impact and the lessons learned for the future. join me fade as those are for context india and alex is either

2nd. i prefer to see things for myself to look at things, not through the lens of politics, but through the lens of humanity. ah, i've been to the playground where to mere rice was shot and killed. i've been to the streets of ferguson, a protest. i've seen the anger and frustration of so many americans. but what was most clear was a desire for change. you could see black lives matter transforming from a hash tag to a movement ah, being a journalist is about listening to people and understanding where they're coming from. following a story, no matter how long it takes or where it leaves. i'm christian salumi. ah,

no, you want to help save the world. sneeze into your own. ah, ah, top us oil executives testify before a congressional committee. they are accused of contributing to climate change and covering it up. ah. are there i'm is darcy. this is out of their life from door ha, also coming up. joe biden struggles to unite democrats behind his spending plan divisions cause another delay as he heads from the g 20 summit. argentina's former president is facing espionage charges merits.