activities, say people in this a hell, our ready living, the gloomy future. the leaders are talking about. they say the region continues to see arise in temperatures and p a could get worse. if it took them also gone through the desert. i can definitely tell you that in this region, time has in fact run out and it's up to us to act and mitigate the impact we both grow still occupied like slaves of territory, farther limiting access to water and land for agriculture. the impact of climate change becomes clear pasta really supposed to make a difficult decision to sell of the animals at very low prices or let them die. and when they bring them to markets like this, they find few people can afford to buy them. i did research, i'll just see, jimmy. ah, this is al jazeera, these are the headlines and breaking news to start c downs military leader has

ordered the release, a for civilian cabinet ministers detained in a coo last month. that's according to state media general of the sutter bar hands spoke with you an invoice for to don about a post potential agreements, including the return. as i said, prime minister abdullah humbug, they reportedly discussed the release of more detainees, a technocratic cabinets, and the possibility of lifting of the state of emergency europe is once again the epicenter of the current of ours pandemic, according to the world health organization, which says recorded infections are higher there. those in asia and africa combines u. k. regulators have approve marx anti viral pill to treat cove with 19 the 1st oral drugs path find to fic checks is being held as a major breakthrough in the fight against the pandemic. thought survived. the 2015

iran nuclear dealership to resume that the end of november in direct negotiations between all signatories in vienna store last june. not him right. you see one, the presidential election and a jury has been selected in the state of georgia and the case of 3 men charged with killing a black man. evidence in the racially charge case from as aubrey will be heard by 11 points jurors and one black juror man accused of chase and in killing 25 year old aubrey. last year, while he was jogging case a strong national attention, international alarm over the conflict in ethiopia is growing. the e u has cold for an immediate csr. and the u. s. embassy is allowing some of their staff and their families to leave the country. well, those are the headlines to stay with us here on al jazeera inside story is up next . ah,

the he still at the end of the war in bosnia herzegovina, 26 years ago, is in danger of unraveling threats from bosnian serb leaders. a calling for the withdrawal of support from state level institutions in republic, a sub scott and entity with around 1200000 people that makes up roughly half of bosnia herzegovina could such a separatist push, see a return to the conflict in the region. this is inside story. ah hello, welcome to the program. i'm adrian finnegan. a u. s. broker deal brought an end to

the bosnian war among boston subs, crowds and boston acts in 1995. but some of the ethnic divisions and tensions that spark, that 3 year conflict have continued to simmer for the past 26 years. so much so that the now threatening the unity of the balkan nation, the bosnian serb leader miller. i got a case threatening to pull out of state level institutions, including the national army, built up with international assistance over the past quarter century and to reconstitute a sub force. the international communities envoy christine schmidt says that such threats posed an existential threat to the nation. all of this, as the un announced an extension to the mandate of the european union military force, a yearly practice to help maintain peacekeeping operations in bosnia herzegovina. we'll get to our guests in just a few moments, but 1st a report from out here is jona, how plans by the bosnian serb leadership to exit some of the country's tripartite institutions, including the military,

are described by the international communities. hi, representative christian schmidt as tantamount to secession. they constitute, he says, the greatest existential threat of the post war period. he's talking about bosnian serb leader miller and da dick, who says a new army will be set up in the sir brun entity of republic. a. subscribe with the bosnian army forced to withdraw if necessary. he says the serbs will call on their friends for help. a presumed reference to serbia proper and russia, republica since gotcha. the republic assess sco control its own affairs in a legal constitutional manner, including by having its own army judiciary, fiscal administration, as well as intelligence and security agencies. and we will reestablish all these institutions for the last month, a training exercise by bosnian said police was denounced by muslim balls in the 2nd crow at leaders. the other members of a 3 way power sharing government formed by the 1995 date and peace agreement. they

took place on the mountain overlooking, sorry, over from where serv snipers and artillery. they seemed to the capital beginning in 1990 to thousands of civilians died in a war that culminated in what international judges have called genocide when more than 8000 mostly men and boys were massacred by serb troops in the eastern enclave of reverence. hi, representatives report to the un this week says there is a very real prospect of a return to conflict in bosnia. but there is no obvious appetite on the part of western powers to increase their security presence. their political tensions are part of daily life in a country such as boston, heard to governor, where you have different groups competing for political power. but you didn't never see threats of the violence or b as in session or be parallel. institutions come this far as they have now, at least not in a very long time. miller da dick has for years called for the separation of the

serb run part of bows near from the rest of the country. just weeks ago, dick shed the seeds on social media. he and colleagues singing sir nationalist folk songs in their sorry, over headquarters. it was a reminder that the u. s. sponsored peace in bosnia did not bring ethnic harmony, nor did it come with any long term guarantee. jonah, how al jazeera ah. alright, let's bring it i guess for today from, sorry, ever. we joined by ham's cottage associate professor of political science at the university of sorry, a vote from berlin. bought a webber who's a senior associate at the democratization policy council. and from belgrade were joined by alexander, present, a journalist, usually based on, sorry of a gentleman. welcome to the program, so we can stop with you, christine schmidt says there's a very real prospect of

a return to conflict in bosnia, is he right? i think he is. and this is the most serious political crisis the boss is currently facing. since the end of the water, 995, we are not sure how this will move forward and what the outcome will be. but i would agree with mr. botto, what should the international community be doing right now of the you of the us taking the situation seriously enough? ah, was rising awareness fortunately. there is a serious declaration. i agree with my previous says that this is the most serious crisis, but seems in the end of the war. unfortunately, this crisis is one of the west, the use and the u. s. own making itself into wound exploding. what be seen as the human secret council yesterday? so the west not only has not driven its crisis to emerge. its officials are

directly responsible for the emergence of this crisis. they need urgently make your turn and take this crisis serious and pull the public right. but he says, self inflicted, what is it, what is it that they haven't done that they should have been doing? well, i mean, for 15 years we've gone since we, since the west has put over responsibility for leaving the country to the domestic leads. we are lacking any policy western long term strategic policy towards the reach and that's what was missing. we created a wide comment which nationalist could thrive and in which russia would jump in as a low cost spoiler on the other end for the last 34 years. and then went home, lack of political will to deal with the country and deal with the white or by some fucking region. we have seen mid level officials. we have been tasked with mission

and was on to fix situations in the bottom without higher level support. that they for career is reason i'm starting to collude with domestic national leaders. and they're again agenda making an opening at this crisis with be currently c is one that has started with e. we asked like ocean or lance. of course, we'll sort of 4 years ago and then it was on the dirty deal, f, ontario, division one below the public radar and capitalist rate or in most in the most or last year. and the follow up in so called lex law reform negotiations. you and us officials have been leading since february. this are excited. do you agree with what you have heard so far? is the piece deal that ended the war 26 years ago in danger of unraveling? i think this is going to be one of those shows where all of the guests agree in absolute principle when it comes to the fact that this is the biggest christ bob has experienced. and since 995 and the finding of the court however,

maybe i'm, i was i'm a born optimist. but i still do think that there are some checks and balances within the very they peace accord. but also the country itself, complicated that that might be as complex as it might be, that might prevent any kind of, you know, everything that we're seeing so far escalate into some kind of open, open, open conflict, the size of a war. hm. so what is the mood like there in, sorry, april, at the moment a people genuinely fearful? yes, i think many people are concerned. much of this reminds them of the fall of $91.00 when another on college. and his ilk began undertaking this month's long process that led to secession and job site. so many people are joining parallels. are this fall 2021 to 1991. so i think many people are generally concerned. okay,

what do you think miller? i bought a kid is up to right now. why is he doing what he's doing or with who's backing? well, he is now undertaking the most decisive and the most substantial steps towards this session. now, previously he was to talk about an independence for the public assert scott, but now he is find you and he's tactics. and now he's talking about p smile, doing editing, to undermine it. and he obviously has the backing of serbia, and i think he hopes to get the backing of the liberal democracies in central europe. bo, dot, it says that if the west tries to intervene militarily to uphold the peace plan, he has friends who have promised to support the cause. who are those friends? how seriously should we take his threats? well, i would say we've seen in the past, you read that. he definitely has a few friends among you members,

but this is not the biggest danger for mr. though the really implementing is and the danger here isn't here and you're free for all. and i think we have to line we're political calculation christ this cried. says let me remind you that mr. dodie, who is not the product, is or the regime in 15 years and the rest not the product of so far by citizens also don't support this dangerous adventure. it's a product of western weakness. he has maybe 30 times for in the last 15 years. threat with referendum, obsession testing, the west red line, experiencing that these red lines. i'm not there and moving those red line currently because of that background i mentioned previously. he has been pulled by the accelerating weakness of the west and by our official mid level official really playing into the hands nationally agenda. and i think he was hoping to

get something in return for this thread. but he is, it seems to me, put by the leg of a serious result and responds into their action for the 1st time. maybe no, not seeing how to make a u turn and spoke this 1st session. but having to so i mean, we are in the interest of miscalculation political miscalculation. we're really because of this power, red comb. everything can happen, whatever the support from bank or it is, i'm pretty sure the grid which itself is playing this game with western weakness between east and west, and on the russian and even the russian and playing on the western weakness that nobody wants conflict. as i said, we are beyond calculation and the west is only starting to wake up. so this is a very dangerous alex. how did you agree with other daughter case?

politically miscalculating, he said he wants peaceful dissolution. unraveling institutions like the intelligence and security agencies. the state court, the constitutional court. what does that mean for for bosnia herzegovina, the state given what happened there? how can that be? how can he think that could be peaceful dissolution? one of the country doesn't get to say in it. i think that's a really good point to make. i think there cannot be such a thing as peaceful the solution because the dating peace accord itself does not allow or have a provision that would allow one ethnic group or several, couple of groups to. as you said, peacefully succeed. i think the only way to defeat or split up the country would be thrown out the war. but when we talk about dog and his capabilities, as a politician, i think that he, you know, he represents that the, the kind of populist at, if most, in most simple formula put it that way. so for instance,

when he brought in an accordion player to the presidency of bosnia and herzegovina, to his office and the president through buzzing, or it's going on simon thongs. and you know how hard liquor mid day and called his mother. he wasn't just signaling you know, the kind of confidence that you would see in your average for this in the balkans you will not hear what he was also trying to signal is you know that he is in charge of making the right decision for his people and that's very sort of focused the way and that's the problem. i think this does speak to a lot of people in the republican also throughout the region also. but at the same time, i do want to say one more thing regarding an earlier question. and you know, you ask whether people are fearful, and i think a lot of the comes from previous experiences. the country has gone through a very bloody war, as we all know some 30 years ago. and, you know, you have up to half of the population who suffers from some form of dtc. people are

very easily triggered and they're even more easily triggered. and this is where i don't think because it's calculating, i think he's calculating, you know, to his advantage. there's a, there's even more easily triggered if you mention that you're forming we, are we forming an army that was active during the $990.00 to $9095.00 war and was responsible for a genocide again, fog me out, all sorts of atrocities and on earlier attempt dividing the country so you know, if, if there's an answer to your question, i think we can find that probably there comes that you want to come in on that. well, i think that's the only case. now many people think here that don't, it is not bluffing that he's actually going to see the state level institutions of that in order to send competences and then take those and empower to public a subs come. so what he's doing basically is politics. one, a one,

he's establishing new effects on the ground. but he is also, he has built close relations with russia, close relations with serbia. so now he, he is, you know, the thing, his policies as bringing the country closer to what he referred to as an original dates on, which is basically a euphemism for this mentally and undermining state institutions. his strategy is very clear he wants to undermine. and this mental state institutions to prove that bosnia is incapable of functioning while at the same time trying to build up the public us steps car would be a state like entity. so has a will the high representative do next? will he make for the use of the bond powers of 1997, which, which grant him a power to prevent the dayton agreement being delayed or obstructed by local politicians where they've already been used extensively. but they're not without controversy. are they? well, you know, the office of the high representative is

a shadow of its former self, and it's actually deciding over its own decline into relevance. so now at the, the new hi to present that. if mr. schmidt was not being recognized as a highlight by the serbian side even if he were to impose sanctions or strive to sec, elected officials. it's not clear that they would actually obey this. so i think the, what was left on the way shot is a, is a p shadow of the form of self. so they're not relevant as, as much as they were some 10 years ago. butter. do you agree with that? how, how does i was this the solve? does the schmidt as he is have us and the support for more vigorous action against those who oppose the unity and, and territorial integrity of bosnia herzegovina. wow. i would agree with my previous her that the child is not the one it was until 2006 the let me remind you when we had this politician on the western run and she's the leadership from the

us to be you and the double shift in 2006, which created their dog. ah, me, their shift towards from called ownership. that means pouring over responsibility to local leads. and this was a policy you were weird. it was on the west was closed. and they, they cleared basically success. but it's a stable country, but as we had not transform that constitutional order, which was and has remained an order for a dysfunctional that only works for the ethnic elite really leads. this did not work out but the west because it was never had a political will never adjusted in policy and was left without any reducing policy in returns. it was the house that neutralized off. it's a 100 percent. so, i mean, the situation we see currently is we still have the,

the instrument to stop this madness both on the civilian side with the higher percentage of, on the military side with you from military mission. and they h q and sorry, which with a chapter 7 security complimented to guarantee a safe and secure environment and to protect the constitutional order of the country. and that is a course, i don't think it's threatening to unravel here, but, but as we have 15 years of policy weakness and, and negligence and ignorance, including in the last year, we have a very serious question of whether there is a way what's going on. and whether it's ready to use its instrument and if i just point to you you, it was yesterday's un security council boat, which was restored to break on the, on the annual extension of you for a minute in which russia a stepped up with a black meal threatening with

a video and the western standing members of the security council, friends, you korean us out of a lack of political will to fight back on that we do. and i not accept that. we do basically sign off russia on their part meeting at alexander what's the role of croatia and serbia in all of us? well, it's a really interesting question. i think, you know, the role survey is quite quite obvious. someone who is quite interested and least at the very least supporting the boss and serve the bosnian serb regime in the report because of scott, at least, you know, in some sort of form, whether it's through financial means as meager as that, as or through, you know, just general verbal support, but what i think they could, what is something you can be gleaned from the last meeting that body cod in belgrade with alex on which the president of serbia where after the meeting came

out and said, and he was in full support of the continuation of that you for mission involvement, which was very interesting at the same time is there, which is the article and his cohort should go for planning, solving the issue of, you know, land, state property or state on land that has not been resolved, which is another thing that me, what i've been trying to do over the years, which is transfer all of the state owned by the state level agencies or governments, or what have you, property onto the n c. and that has failed miserably several times in the past. that also, i think, can indicate that i at least believe that he does not have the full support for which and which is actually quite interested in possibly finding an alternative leader for bosnian serbs, in bosnia who he could work with much more closely and probably get more from as

far as crazy is concerned. i think, you know, obviously since we haven't heard much from the bosnian cross on this entire issue there support has led as of many, many years been with us and daniel. so i think, you know, then again, politics and creation being what they are, they're more interested in pushing for the hello, lori form that are border mentioned earlier, which is a completely different problem the plaza is undergoing at the same time. and it's something that we would have to, you know, have another entire other shows, talk about that. and so we're, we're rapidly running out of time here. uh, before the renewal of, of the un peacekeeping mandate this week, russia had threatened to block a resolution unless all references to the you and hiv representative for work removed potentially undermining further christian schmidt's authority as, as the overseer of that, the dayton accord. and that was after schmidt had said that more international peacekeepers would have to be sent to stop. and he slide back towards was the serb

separatist, carried out their threat to create their own army. what are the implications for bosnia of russia's threats of the un? well, i just like to refer back to something that bothers said, i think the european union force in boston you for is awfully inadequate to deal with any security challenge here. so i think that the extension of the amended in bosnia isn't as important as you will have it as the tend to think about it 1st. so, but i think russia is also, you know, has stepped up its support for and close the links. we don't think so. i think he comes from russian support in what he does. but what happens if dayton fails? well, it didn't fit. we're going to have conflict. we're going to have violent disintegration . i'm in the madness of, i mean, you see, this is a gambling by mister dorothy. what alexander mentioned about the singling of mister go, the extra in this meeting with the president, which is from belgrade, is

a clear indicator he wants. this is a gambling of threads threatening disintegration of bosnia to the west and once a return, particularly from the you for stopping it. but that return a like he's both and for partner mr. trowbridge on the election law, ron is based the following something very similar. it's a, it's a face disintegration of the country. one, he wants basically an arrangement on an approval from the u and the u. s. b. girls, what he wants and possibly to each want is to turn bosnia really far and bought that they are doing this for 10 years into a kind of union of entities and can and that space, you know, esl journal division which would ultimately lead to this integration there's still can be a stop in here. i don't agree with my producers. the, with the west has instruments to stop this. you for can act. if it has the

political world, they are actually understaffed and to remain. but they can call in over the horizon to stop any conflict. but it's a question of political will. and that political will was not there when the west, what's trent with the russian beat on you for? ok. and so they accepted this blackmailing in the, in the security council of stripping the resolution of extending the many for one more year from any language reference to o g r. and that by itself does not have legal consequences, but it sense a very dangerous signal ability go signal. because over to mr. dodie to bang right and to russia, that it is not clear that in a case of a threat, a security threat which, which these announce steps towards succession would mean that the west is ready to grant authority to the high. right. ok, so he was the one on the political side and to you for on the other end to, to,

to act on the military. and that's a very dangerous gentlemen that we're going to have to end it many thanks and have to you will have a coach put a webber and alexander brezza as always, thank you for watching. don't forget, you can see the program again at any time by going to the website out 0 dot com for further discussion. join us on our facebook page. you'll find that at facebook dot com forward slash ha inside story. and you can join the conversational twitter handle at ha, inside story for me, adrian, for again, the whole team here. thanks ah,

[000:00:00;00] with no fluid to strode some neighborhoods wrapped by social and economic despair. why now? what a fake the bad of looking here. right. every one of us ever got a responsibility to change our person,

like fighting for their suburban drake on al jazeera. ah, i'll just here with it. ah, this is al jazeera ah, hello there, i'm hello here, dean and this is the use our line from dough home coming up in the next 60 minutes . sedans, military leader, orders the release, all 4 civilian ministers and the year and chief calls for the return of the ousted prime minister. europe is back at the epicenter or upon the mc that of you were one