miss up with mendoza is survived by her one year old son fan say she'll be remembered as someone who made him up by thinking about women's empowerment in an environment traditionally dominated by mail musicians. oh, victoria gates and be al jazeera ah, the headlines on al jazeera climate campaigners around the world are rallying and what they're calling a global day of action. at the cop 26 summit in glasgow activists have expressed their disappointment. the promises being made are not ambitious enough. serially owns deputy health minister says at least 9 to 9 people have been killed and many others were left severely burned. following a fuel tanker explosion in the capital u. s. president joe biden says the one trillion dollar infrastructure bill passed on friday will ease inflation and create

jobs for those without a degree. it had been repeatedly delayed by differences between the democratic party. another vote on a social welfare bell will be held later in the month. yesterday, i don't think is. the exaggeration suggests that we took a monumental step forward as a nation. we learned that our economy created 5600000 jobs since we took office in january 20th, recent unemployed rate of 4.6 percent. 2 full years earlier than the vast majority economist projected that would happen. and we have jess, we're just getting started. we did something odd that's long overdue. that long has been talked about a war should, but never actually been done. hungry as prime minister victor or bonus on a one day visits of bosnia herzegovina for a meeting with leader, a miller. i jo dick. there's growing international concern after joe dick announced plans to establish a separate army within the country in violation of the p. still. you one security

council has called for an end to the fighting in ethiopia, but a meeting to discuss the crisis has been postponed. 9 opposition groups in washington have formed an alliance against prime minister abi i meant a rock prime minister has ordered an investigation into the violent confrontation that took place in baghdad on friday as follows, reports suggesting several people were killed when security forces tried to disperse protesters on friday, they were angry at the result of last month parliamentary election assisting the vote was rigged. pro democracy activists ensued on stepping up pressure on the military to restore a civilian lead government. more protests are being planned and hard to me on sunday, and on monday morning is on al jazeera at the top of the hour up next is upfront. talk to al jazeera. how would you this like relationship with the us?

we listen copies, 900 is not covered, 19 has been terrible demonstration of the failure of human we meet with global news makers and talk about the stories that matter on how to sierra climate change is fast approaching a point of no return from extreme heat waves. wildfires and drought in the western part of the united states to deadly flood the nigeria climate disasters a force people to flee from their homeland in search of safety. estimates predict, hundreds of millions would be forced to migrate by 2050. with that 26 the you and climate change conference underway in scotland. how are countries and international institutions when a tackle the issue of protecting climate refugees? joining us to discuss this is the united nations high commissioner for refugees, filippo grande, with 1st 2 years after a revolution ended decades of dictatorship in sudan. all eyes are on the country once again after yet another military tickled awe. on october 25th,

just weeks before sedans, military was supposed to hand over control of the transitional government to civilian leadership. general abdel for to albert hand seized control in a military coup and declared a state of emergency. the military dissolved the joint civilian military government and arrested prime minister. hm. duke, protestors have taken to the streets to denounce the qu, but security forces have responded forcefully killing at least 15 people and injuring hundreds at the time of recording. joining me now to discuss this is sedans, ambassador to the united states noted dean santi. thank you so much for joining me, sir. now, thank you very much for having. so on october 28th, 3 days after general, behind dissolved the government, you look on state run salenti v, and there's an announcement that you have been fired from your position. ah, are you still ambassador to united states? very firmly. so, because i have been fired by an illegal illegitimate government.

actually the decision of you know, failing me, came from the commander in chief of the armed forces. and who does not have the right to fail me to fire any. and that a little diplomat is for this reason that they do not to colonize or action general behind claims. he ousted the government to avoid, quote, a civil war. he says, he says the dangers we witnessed last week could have led the country into civil war. or is there any truth to that? i do not think so frankly. they should have told us me to be in hor and horn, or we do not know exactly oh, out of those the parties of the civil law. and frankly, i think on the contrary, this sir, this act might lead to a civil law which it continues for to long between whom, between the people and the under while carrying the arm. so i want all in force or

a military, orland sudan. the reason i asked that is because there have been multiple forces at play for a while now. it was a bit surprising when you said you expected everything but this when the co happened. but there been several co attempts since 2019 are including one just in september. oh, what's prompting all of these different takeovers? it attempts to take over the government. well, on the more serious and one on the last one was fronted to by the fear of the, you know, handing over control of the government to the civilians. for a couple of reasons. or the 1st one is an accountability. no, well, you know that there have been some crime that have been committed in the past and there are investigations that are ongoing. and these are crimes. and i think are some of the military feared that this might turn against them. the other one on the

investigations is going on, or issues of, i would see the assets of the state and how they are governed and how they are managed and, and some issues related to that. so there was the fear also this my 10 again, is them also? what role does a prime minister hm. to play in this me. it's pretty, pretty unpopular policies are, for example, adapting i m f reforms by like slashing fuel subsidies. the country has been suffering from medicine, wheat shortages, and inflation has tapped 400 per cent. to what extent have these moves fuel the popular discontent? well, larry had more popular discontent. they say, i mean, they've been anti government protest going on at least a week before the cool. so clearly there was some ask and, well, of course, but it turned out that the sim, military, who pretend now to read the rest of the course of, of things have been,

is haunting, you know, many of these things. do you know that the price is of fuel and, and red and all that have fallen dramatically in the last week and supplies, or have been coming from all directions despite the blockade on board. so then that me that had been some hoarding intentionally being done in order to put the government in difficulty with can 2 things be true at the same time, can, can, the military have been holding things back for the purpose of fueling popular discontent, but also the prime minister had policies that were clearly unpopular that prompting protest when i have to see that to the civilian government could have done better. there is no doubt about that, but i should not forget that it turned out that some key members of the government are citing with that with the court, including the minister of finance. and now he is handing

a half of the assets of the central bank to the armed forces. and is, is a matter you know, or very in consent? yes. there was she, shirley's, of the civilian government. there is no doubt about that. and this was to be expected. anyway, we knew that the situation was not going to be the this a lot of actually 3 years ago are saying that the situation will not be the 5th within the next 5 years. because we knew where to inherit the legacy from the a postilion was horrific. and only to take a long time in order to read the rest of that. that you mentioned the armed forces, a sudanese armed forces, shut down the internet and other telecommunication since shortly after the coup. this happened in 2019 as well as when that happened. our state security forces open fire and killed scores of protesters and injured many others. are in hard to do worry that something like this will repeat itself, of course, unfortunately,

and aggressively. and they don't seem to have changed their ways. this, in my dealings with the former regime of innovation that hasn't been taught killed by a popular you know, uprising of coming back again. and this is really to be regretted. we thought that we have left all that behind us. one of the challenges though, is the relationship between those loyalist from the machine days who still remain as part of a transitional government. now, during the previous co attempt, your government blamed elements loyal to our membership. our and the question is, how are some of those allies who were accused of grave human rights abuses by multiple organizations, multiple facets even allowed to be part of this transitional government? well, that's a good question. no, not a certain moments in history. when you want to move forwards, you have to compromise and it was not easy to compromise. i was part of this

dialogue in the beginning, should we allow, or those elements to be part of the physician institutions? or should we not do that? but at the end of the day, for the stability and security of the country, the decision was to allow them to be part of the situation as if i said institutions. because we knew very well that the balance of power at that time was not in the favor of the civilians. and that we need to be addressed gradually. as we move towards a more normalized situation. if you could reconsider that decision now, would you still include former bashir allies in a transition i own to still do that, but i would run immediately take measures that would allow us to continue working together like what the issue of or on or dealing with civil military relations and the issue of accountability and transition and justice. i

think those are key at some protesters have not trusted military involvement in the transitional government. they've caught for, for civilian rule. or is there any possibility in your estimation of a government of 4 civilian rule. this possibility provided that we find a way of associating their military or by being a part of the state innocent uses. but realizing that they are not going to be the ones for the calling the shots that they will be there to protect the transmission not to control it. and, and it is the difference between those. is it possible, given the history, given the backdrop given who's in, who comprises this military? is it possible to negotiate something like, i think we should, we should be able to negotiate that and go back or? well, the 1st thing to do is to get out of the situation and find

a deal which with their costs are with south korea dialogue on issues and see how to handle them. and then gradually lou move into this 2nd phase, which is seeing how they can accept to be part of the deal without controlling it, given a large number of mobilizations and protests is the cool a done deal? is it over? ah, the goose is over. i am not seeing those little quiz sustainable. it cannot continue with the only that it will though mobilization that we have seen and that we are going to see in the next days and weeks if this continues. i do not think it's sustainable. they can not govern the country, they cannot have stability, they will never tourist, you know, and, and therefore we will continue and what we're more below down putting pressure on them. and we are, of course, in coordination with the international community in your estimation. i know diplomats don't love predictions, but

a month from now we're also namby sedan our month and and from now we'll be about more or less in the where it was under the 25th of october. and those going very tough negotiations in order to see how we can continue working together with the military that had been predict, noted in thank you so much for joining me on up for a thank you, mark. absolutely haven't. we're up to shift coming up next. i speak to you and hcr chief filippo grab. ah phillip. alrighty, thank you so much for joining us on up front. i'd like to start by asking you what's the relationship between the climate change that we see and migration? it's simple, in a way to define the clyde climate change, the climate emergency forces people to wolf. so there's an element of displacement or force displacement that is linked in many,

sometimes complex ways to the big climate change process that we are witnessing a think of her it big flood or are it big drought even are those phenomena which are increasing with climate change they've always existed, but they're increasing. they're becoming more serious, more impactful with climate change. they force people to move sometimes suddenly, but it's really the combination of factors that makes this phenomenon complex and of great relevance to my organization. look in many places. climate change is depleting. resources is taking resources away from very poor communities. her and communities with less resources start fighting. this generates conflicts which generate displacement of a, of the type that is very, very germane to the work of my organization. these are fundamentally refugees,

that flee also because of climate change, but not only because of that. but one of the challenges is that there are no legal protections currently in place for people who are forced to leave their countries for climate change. that's because they don't fall under the definition of a refugee based on the wins 1951 convention on refugees. ah. yet estimate state that there could be between 25000000 to 1000000000 environmental refugees by the year 20. 50. 0, what is you and hcr doing to ensure that these people get rights and protections or well, you know the, the issue of definitions is very complicated and we have to be careful in this world in which i am very offend. refugees are stigmatized, saw i as the, the head of an organization that is the custodian of the basic refugee protection principle. have to be careful. we wouldn't see, you know,

we don't use this definition that is sometimes used these days, climate refugees. but this is not to say that people that are moving because of climatic reasons do not have what we would call protection meets very similar to refugees. and sometimes actually they are refugees. as i said, because mixed with the causes of displacement is conflict. this discrimination is persecution and so forth. would they, nat, experience greater protection, know if they were considered to be climate refugees. could you explain sort of why they're not, and why they don't satisfy the conditions for being refugees simply based on being pushed out via the climate and look it's, it's also good when we talk about this to do a bit of a reality check. most people displaced for claim matic reasons are displaced actually within their countries. they're what we would call internally displaced people. and now like i said,

also most of the people that feet across borders. this other reasons that get in the mix. for example, war conflict into community clashes, so we can consider them refugees in those cases and all the protection applying to refugees apply in that sense. of course if people flee of why, why not this update the convention know? well, because, you know, like i said, we have to be careful about definition. expanding the definition, for example, to people who flee purely because of the natural disaster would jeopardize the definition. in other cases where we need to maintain it, if you see what they mean. so we need to be careful about that, but late let me stress again. there's not only refugee protection that applies to people on the move, this humanitarian considerations. there's many other formulas that we have tested in many situations that can apply for people fleeing purely flock,

climatic reasons. and they think that this would be the case in some of these are examples that there are there that we're talking about here. so i wouldn't worry too much about the definitions. in fact, i would worry, or i would be focusing on the fact that states need to provide protection to people that are on the move in 2019. are you in special repertoire? philip austin said that we are risking a what he called climate apartheid scenario. ah, where the wealthy can pay to escape overheating, hunger conflict where the rest of the world is left to suffer. but do you agree with the statement and how will climate migration differ for those who have in those don't have access to resources? look, this said injustice. this lack of equity. he saw obvious to day who we see in every field, right. look at the vaccinations for coffee, vaccinations,

this huge imbalance. look at my field. refugees in a lot of countries say we, we pay poor countries to keep refugees there, nor burden sharing nor responsibility sharing. so the supplies of course also to climate. all these global challenges, including responding to the climate emergency have to be founded on a principle that we in our field called responsibility sharing, right? in which we all try to take part of that burden. and it cannot only be done by pink . it has to be done directly, it has to be done in the 1st person. and i think that this applies to talk to every type of migration as well. europe in the u. s. are both investing heavily in water, militarization to stop the flow of climate migrate. and frankly, the big business as well are particular for the defense industry. christian parente compares militarized responses to what he caught in armed life. both where rich

nations adapt to the climate crisis through exclusion and violence. he says, oh, what would you say to that? ah, this is one of the issues that they think is most worrying the response to the global migration phenomena. whatever the causes ripe, including climate on the part of the rich countries has been essentially to shut down to separate, to push back. and we see the, especially in rich countries, we see in europe, we seat in north america. we have seen it for many years in australia, and this is bad in so many and wrong in so many different ways. because 1st of all, it doesn't allow the burden sharing that they have spoken about. he doesn't allow people in need of protection to access the territory of countries where they have

the right to seek that protection and fun. and frankly, it sends it very, very bad message. 2 countries that are hosting the thigh, receiving the vast majority of people on the move, who we start saying, well, if rich countries cross borders, why should they not close my borders as well? and we already see it here and there in the global south. and in or in a world that is going unfortunately towards more displacement, not less displacement, including because of climate. this is a very, very worrying and, and, and a disturbing trend. i want to switch gears a bit in talk bit about some of the other crises going on around the world. are you recently in afghanistan? so, so let's start there. last year, international aid to afghanistan accounted for almost 43 percent of the countries g, d, p. then the taliban took power,

large known as like the world bank and i m f. have cut funds to have ghana, stan, and the economy is now collapsing. the u. n. has just warn them more than half of the population is facing. acute hunger. ah, and the head of the world food program stated that millions will be forced to choose between migration and starvation, or what needs to be done to protect afghans during this crisis. i think 2 things. one is straightforward and the other one is more complex. the straightforward thing is that before winter, and we only have a few weeks left, we need to step up dramatically humanitarian assistance in the country. it's a matter of getting more resources in, but then that is the other issue. and this is what you alluded to. the state doesn't function because it's not only the world back and the i m f. in fact, all development assistance has been frozen because of the arrival and the taking

power by the taliban saw i have said many times during my visit there. and afterwards, everybody has to meet is step in each other's direction. you know the taliban of course, have to get their act together. have to give assurance is that the fundamental issues are addressed. the right of minorities, women able to work. girls in schools are these are important demands by the international community, and i think that there are demands of by the african people and international community. neat story allies that there's no plan b here. there's not going to be another war. dislodging the taliban in which they need to work with these defacto authorities and they need to help them make the state function. because otherwise, if salaries are not paid in the health sector, for example, if her, if the public system doesn't work, then this country will implored. this is more than a humanitarian crisis. and it is likely to provoke massive movement of people in

search of better conditions abroad. you have said recently in fact that you've seen encouraging signals with regard to dealing directly with the taliban. what. what are the encouraging signals? well, i think that also compared with the, their 1st erm, erm time in power in the ninety's. i remember i, i visited there during that time, or there is much more openness to discuss the issues that i have mentioned, which are the complex issues, the issues of rights, basically of rights of women, rights of minorities and so forth. there is more openness. we haven't seen yet, are sweeping positive decisions. but we've, we've seen, you know, here and there openings and certainly the discussion continues not, they are ready for engagement. and i think the international community has to be ready for engagement as well. because i think it's in everybody's interest the

taliban, the international community. but above all, the african themselves that this country is, is, is kept on the right path because it's collapse, it's inclusion would be extremely worrying in so many ways you've seen the rise of terror is already anti taliban terrorism at this point. and this is a little be a preview of things to come if things are not handled properly in talking about the international community. but amnesty international says, since assuming control of afghanistan, we have already seen a wave of violations from reprisal attacks and restrictions on women to crackdowns on protests, the media and civil society. with that idea, and man with those realities in mind, you have any misgivings, any hesitations about ah, directly engaging the taliban? of course, i am not suggesting for a moment did. this is easy and i do not think that what i and many others in the un

are suggesting engagement should be year at simply one sided, meaning the donor community, funding the taliban. i'm not suggesting that i'm suggesting joint work in or, or, or, or coming together in the middle or between the demands that the international community is asking. the taliban is putting to the taliban. and what the taliban decide to do? of course, it is unthinkable that dorner will fund, for example, did you cation system if girls cannot go to school and i think it should be like that. so i think that it's important taught to, to be pragmatic, but it is also important to uphold some fundamental principle for the sake of the afghans themselves. united nations high commissioner for refugees, philipo grande, thank you so much for joining us. all right, thank you. that's our show up for i will be back next week.

ah, november on al jazeera, by years after the his story, he still between fog rebels and the colombian government algebra examines white tensions and violence of rising once again. and you award winning for flight investigates the untold stories across the us. millions in calgary, done both in parliamentary elections under a new constitution. and more than a year after the last old figured political crisis immersive personal short documentary africa direct showcase is african stories from african filmmakers. china marks $100.00 days until it holds the winter olympics. but how will the pandemic and quote for a boycott, impact the sporting event november on al jazeera frank assessment is likely to change biking behavior at all. it's not going to change their behavior,

they're going to continue to do what they do and in depth analysis of the days global headlines inside story on al jazeera, a with

ah, this is al jazeera oh, hello, i'm emily anguish. this is the news. our line from door was coming up in the next 60 minutes. oh, tens of thousands of people around the world protest calling for urgent action on climate change.