woman to complete a space, walk, why and fellow ostracizing gang is spend more than 6 hours outside china's new chung gongs space station. they installed equipment and carried out tests, part of a 6 month mission to get the station fully crude and operational by december next year. ah, this is our 0. these are the top stories, the army general who lead a military takeover and sudan last month says he will not be part of a future government after the transitional period. speaking exclusively to al jazeera mother of hut are behind, says he's committed to a smooth democratic transition. once elections are held in 2023, the military took power last month dissolving the civilian arm of the government and declaring a state of emergency. nor aladdin or, or it is our pledge, a pledge we made to ourselves by the sudanese people and the international community that we are committed to completing the democratic transition,

holding elections on time, and committed to not stopping any political activity as long as it is peaceful and within the bounds of the constitutional declaration and the past that have not been suspended, we also ask the international community to look at the issue critically and through the reality and wait to see what we do. we are committed to handing over power to civilian government, a government of national competency, and we pledged to preserve the transition from any interference that can hinder it . i president seizing paying on hundreds of top officials of china's communist party or attending a major leadership meeting in beijing. the talks will lay the groundwork for the 2022 congress where she will seek a 3rd term. what kind of underway in nicaragua was elections? president daniel ortega is expected to win a 4th time. united states is called the election a pantomime. most of the opposition's been bought from running and some members

have been arrested. the u. s. has offered assistance to iraqi authorities, investigating the assassination attempt, and the country's prime minister armed drones targeted must have all heard of his residence in the highland secured green zone. and the alley hours of sunday, the u. s. is opening its borders to vaccinated. foreign travelers on monday, non essential travel to the u. s. has largely been banned for 20 months as part of covered 19 restrictions. its air borders were close to much of the world. a female chinese astronauts made history as the country's 1st woman to complete a space walk while you are paying and a male colleagues sizing. gangs spend more than 6 hours outside china's new chung gong space station as part of a 6 month mission to get the station fully crude and operational by december, next year. those are the headlands will be back in half an hour. good bye. talk to al jazeera, we ask, how would you describe taliban relationship with the us?

we listen copied my tedious, not all 4 of 19 has been terrible demonstration of the failure of human. so we meet with global news makers and talk about the stories that matter on al jazeera climate change is fast approaching the point of no return from extreme heat waves. wildfires and drought in the western part of the united states to deadly floods in nigeria, climate disasters are forcing people to flee from their homelands in search of safety. estimates predict, hundreds of millions would be forced to migrate by 2050. with that 26 the you and climate change conference underway in scotland, our countries and international institutions when a tackle the issue of protecting climate refugees. joining us to discuss this is the united nations high commissioner for refugees, filippo grande, with 1st 2 years after a revolution in the decades of dictatorship, in sudan, all eyes are on the country once again after yet another military tickled awe. on october 25th,

just weeks before sedans, military was supposed to hand over control of the transitional government to civilian leadership. general abdel for to albert han sees control in a military coup and declared a state of emergency. the military dissolved the joint civilian military government and arrested prime minister. hm. duke, protestors have taken to the streets to denounce the qu, but security forces have responded forcefully killing at least 15 people and injuring hundreds at the time of recording. joining me now to discuss this is sedans, ambassador to the united states noted dean santi. thank you so much for joining me, sir. now, thank you very much for having. so on october 28th, 3 days after general, behind dissolved the government, you look on state run salenti v, and there's an announcement that you have been fired from your position. ah, are you still ambassador to united states? very firmly. so, because i have been fired by an illegal illegitimate government.

actually a decision of you know, failing me, came from the commander in chief of the armed forces. and who does not have the right to fail me to fire any ambassador diplomat is for this reason that they do not recognize or action general behind claims. he ousted the government to avoid quote, a civil war. he says, he says the dangers we witnessed last week could have led the country into civil war. ah, is there any truth that i do not think so frankly, they should have told us between hall and hall or we don't not know exactly. oh, out of those, the parties of the civil law. and frankly, i think on the contrary, this sir, this act might lead to a civil law if he continues. what along between whom, between the the people and the under. so killing the arm. so i want all in force or

military, orland sudan. the reason i asked that is because there have been multiple forces at play for a while now. it was a bit surprising when you said you expected everything but this when the co happened. but there been several co attempts since 2019 are including one just in september. oh, what's prompting all of these different takeovers? it attempts to take over the government? well, on the most recent one or the last one was fronted by the fear of, you know, handing over control of the government to the civilians. for a couple of reasons. there is the 1st one is accountability and we'll, you know, that there have been some crime that have been committed in the past. and are there investigations that are ongoing? and these are crimes. and i think some of the military she had that this might turn against them. the other one on the investigations is going on. or issues of,

i would say the assets of the state and how they are governed and how they are managed and, and some issues related to that. so there was the fear also this, my 10 again, is them also what role does a prime minister hm. to play in this me it's pretty unpopular policies are. 1 for example, adapting i m f reforms by like slashing fuel subsidies. the country has been suffering from medicine, wheat shortages, and inflation has tapped 400 per cent. to what extent have these moves fuel the popular discontent? well, larry has no popular discontent. they say, i mean, they've been anti government protests going on at least a week before the cool. so clearly there was some ask and, well, of course, but it turned out that the sim, military, who pretend now to read the rest of the course of,

of things have been as haunting you know, many of these things. do you know that the prices of fuel and android and all that have fallen dramatically in the last week of laser, have been coming from all directions despite the blockade on board? so then that means that had been some hoarding intentionally being done in order to avoid the government in difficulty with can 2 things be true at the same time, can, can, the military have been holding things back for the purpose of fueling popular discontent, but also the prime minister, i had policies that were clearly unpopular that prompted protest, well, i have to see that to the civilian government could have done better. there is no doubt about that, but i should not forget that it turned out some key members of the government are siding with that with the court, including the minister of finance. and now he is handing

a half of the assets of the central bank to the armed forces. and it is a matter you know, or very ill consent. yes, there was she, it, shirley's, of the civilian government. there is no doubt about that. and this was to be expected. anyway, we knew that the situation was not going to be this a lot of actually 3 years ago, or saying that the situation will not be this is within the next 5 years, because we knew or where to inherit. the legacy from the passage was, was holistic, and i knew to ticker a long time in order to early the rest of that that you mentioned, the armed forces, assuming these armed forces shut down the internet and other telecommunication, since shortly after the coup. this happened in 2019 as well as when that happened. the state security forces open fire in killed scores of protesters and injured many others. are in hard to do worried that something like this will repeat itself. of

course, unfortunately, and regrettably, and they don't seem to have changed their ways this in my dealing sort of the formatting of a sheet that hasn't been titled by a popular, you know, uprising of coming back again. and this is really to be regretted. we thought that we have left all that behind us. one of the challenges though, is the relationship between those loyal is from the machine days who still remain as part of a transitional government. now, during the previous co attempt, your government blamed elements loyal to our membership. our and the question is how are some of those allies who were accused of grave human rights abuses by multiple organizations by multiple facets even allowed to be part of this transitional government? well, that's a good question. you're not as certain moments in history. when you want to move forwards, you have to compromise, and it was not easy to compromise. i was part of this dialogue in the beginning,

should we allow or those elements to be part of the physician institutions? or should we not do that? but at the end of the day, for the stability and security over the country, the decision was to allow them to be part of the situation. if i sent situations, because we knew very well that the balance of power at that time was not in the favor, the civilians. and that we need to be addressed to gradually, as we move towards a more normalized situation. if you could reconsider that decision now, would you still include follow bashir allies in a transition i own to still do that to but i would drum, we know immediately or take measures that would allow us to continue working together like what the issue of our own or dealing with civil military relations and the issue of accountability and transition and justice. i think those are key

at some protesters have not trusted military involvement in the transitional government. they've got for full civilian rule. or is there any possibility in your estimation of a government of full civilian rule. this possibility provided that we find a way of associating the military or by being a part of the state industry fuchsias. but realizing that they are not going to be the ones for me, calling the shots that they will be there to protect the transmission, not to control it. and under the difference between those, is it possible, given the history, given the backdrop given who's in, who comprises this military? is it possible to negotiate something like i think we should, we should be able to negotiate that and go back or? well, the 1st thing to do is to get out of the situation and find

a deal which with their costs are massage area dialogue on issues and see how to handle them. and then gradually lou move into this 2nd phase, which is seeing how they can accept to be part of the deal without controlling it, given a large number of mobilizations and protests is the cool a done deal? is it over? ah, the goose is over. i will not sin thus quit quiz thing it was. it cannot continue with the only that it will, it will mobilize ation that we have seen and that we are going to see in the next days and weeks if this continues. i do not think it sustainable, they cannot govern the county, they cannot harvestable lity. they will never durst not. and the people will continue and what were more below down putting pressure on them. and where, of course, in coordination with the leaner international community in your estimation, i know diplomats don't love predictions, but

a month from now we're also namby sedan, our mouth, and from now we'll be about more or less in there where it was under the 25th of october and those going very tough negotiations in order to see how we can continue working together with the military that had been predict, noted in thank you so much for joining me on up for a thank you, mark. absolutely haven't. well, this is coming up next. i speak to you and hcr chief felipe or grab ah phillip. alrighty. thank you so much for joining us on up front. i'd like to start by asking you what's the relationship between the climate change that we see and migration? it's simple, in a way to define the clyde climate change, the climate emergency forces people to wolf. so there's an element of displacement or force displacement that is linked in many,

sometimes complex ways to the big climate change process that we are witnessing a think of her it big flood or, or it big drought even her, those phenomena which are increasing with climate change they've always existed, but they're increasing. they're becoming more serious, more impactful with climate change. they force people to move sometimes suddenly, but it's really the combination of factors that makes this phenomenon complex and of great relevance to my organization. look in many places. climate change is depleting. resources is taking resources away from very poor communities and communities with less resources start fighting. this generates conflicts which generate displacement of a, of the type that is very, very germane to the work of my organization. these are fundamentally refugees,

that flee also because of climate change. but not only because of that. one of the challenges is that there are no legal protections currently in place for people who are forced to leave their countries for climate change. that's because they don't fall under the definition of a refugee based on the wins 1951 convention on refugees. ah. yet estimate state there could be between 25000000 to 1000000000 environmental refugees by the year 2050. what is you and hcr doing to ensure that these people get rights and protections or well, you know the, the issue of definitions is very complicated and we have to be careful in this world in which i am very offend. refugees are stigmatized, saw i as the, the head of an organization that is the custodian of the basic refugee protection principle. have to be careful. we wouldn't see, you know,

we don't use this definition that is sometimes used these days, climate refugees. but this is not to say that people that are moving because of climatic reasons do not have what we would call protection meets very similar to refugees. and sometimes actually they are refugees. as i said, because mixed with the causes of displacement is conflict. this discrimination is persecution and so forth. would they, nat, experience greater protection, know if they were considered to be climate refugees. could you explain sort of why they're not, and why they don't satisfy the conditions for being refugees simply based on being pushed out via the climate and look it's, it's also good when we talk about this to do a bit of a reality check. most people displaced for claim matic reasons are displaced actually within their countries. they're what we would call internally displaced people. and now like

a said also most of the people that fee across borders. this other reasons that get in the mix. for example, war conflict into communal clashes, so we can consider them breaking geez, in those cases and all the protection applying to refugees apply in that sense. of course, if we're able to flee of why, why not this update the convention know? well, because, you know, like i said, we have to be careful about definition. expanding the definition, for example, to people who flee purely because of the natural disaster would jeopardize the definition. in other cases where we need to maintain it, if you see what they mean. so we need to be careful about that, but late let me stress again. there's not only refugee protection that applies to people on the move, this humanitarian considerations. there's many other formulas that we have tested in many situations that can apply for people fleeing purely flock,

climatic reasons. and i think that this would be the case in some of these are examples that are there that we're talking about here. so i wouldn't worry too much about the definitions. in fact, i would worry, or i would be focusing on the fact that states need to provide protection to people that are on the move in 2019. are you in special repertoire? philip austin said that we are risking a what he called a climate apartheid scenario, where the wealthy can pay to escape overheating, hunger conflict, where the rest of the world is left to suffer. but do you agree with the statement and how will climate migration differ for those who have in those don't have access to resources? look, this said injustice. this lack of equity. he saw obvious to day who we see in every field, right. look at the vaccinations for coffee, vaccinations,

this huge imbalance. look at my field, refugees. you know, a lot of countries say we, we pay poor countries to keep refugees there, nor burden sharing nor responsibility sherry. so the supplies of course, also to climate. all these global challenges, including responding to the climate emergency have to be founded on a principle that we in our field called responsibility sharing, right? in which we all try to take part of that burden. and it cannot only be done by pink . it has to be done directly. it has to be done in the 1st person. and i think that this applies to talk to every type of migration as well. europe in the u. s. are both investing heavily in water, militarization to stop the flow of climate. margaret and frankly the big business as well are particular for the defense industry. christian parente compares militarize responses to what he called an armed lifeboat,

where rich nations adapt to the climate crisis through exclusion and violence. he says, oh, what would you say to that? ah, this is one of the issues that they think is most worrying the response to the global migration phenomena. whatever the causes, right, including climate on the part of the rich countries has been essentially to shut down to separate, to push back. and we see the, especially in rich countries, we see in europe, we seat in north america. we have seen it for many years in australia. and there, this is bad in so many and wrong in so many different ways. because 1st of all, it doesn't allow the burden sharing that they have spoken about. he doesn't allow people in need of protection to access the territory of countries where they have

the right to seek their protection and fun. and frankly, it sense it very, very bad message. 2 countries that are hosting the thigh, receiving the vast majority of people on the move, who we start saying, well, if rich countries cross borders, why should they not close my borders as well? and we already see it here and there in the global south and in or in a world that is going unfortunately towards more displacement, not less displacement including because of climate. this is a very, very worrying and anger and a disturbing trend. i want to switch gears a bit in talk bit about some of the other crises going on around the world. are you recently in afghanistan? so, so let's start there. last year, international aid to afghanistan accounted for almost 43 percent of the countries g, d, p. then the taliban took power,

large known as like the world bank and i m f. have cut funds to have ghana, stan, and the economy is now collapsing. the u. n. has just warned that more than half of the population is facing acute hunger. ah, and the head of the world food program stated that millions will be forced to choose between migration and starvation, or what needs to be done to protect afghans during this crisis. i think 2 things. one is straightforward and the other one is more complex. the straightforward thing is that before winter, and we only have a few weeks left, we need to step up dramatically humanitarian assistance in the country. it's a matter of getting more resources in. but then that is the other issue in this is what you alluded to. the state doesn't function because it's not only the world back and the i m f. in fact, all development assistance has been frozen because of the arrival and the taking

power by the taliban saw i have said many times during my visit there. and afterwards, everybody has to meet is step in each other's direction. you know the taliban of course, have to get their act together. have to give assurance is that the fundamental issues are addressed. the right of minorities, women able to work. girls in schools are these are important demands by the international community, and i think that their demands are by the african people and the international community. neat story allies that there's no plan b here. there's not going to be another war. dislodging the taliban in which they need to work with these defacto authorities and they need to help them make the state function. because otherwise, if salaries are not paid in the have sector, for example, if her, if the public system doesn't work, then this country will implored. this is more than a humanitarian crisis. and it is likely to provoke massive movement of people in

search of better conditions abroad. you have said recently in fact that you've seen encouraging signals with regard to dealing directly with the taliban. what. what are the encouraging signals? well, i think that also compared with the, their 1st erm, erm time in power in the ninety's. i remember i, i visited there during that time, or there is much more openness to discuss the issues that i have mentioned, which are the complex issues, the issues of rights, basically of rights of women, rights of minorities and so forth. that he's more openness. we haven't seen yet, are sweeping positive decisions. but we've, we've seen, you know, here and there openings and certainly the discussion continues. no, they are ready for engagement. and i think the international community has to be ready for engagement as well. because i think it's in everybody's interest the

taliban, the international community. but above all, the african themselves that this country is, is, is kept on the right path because it's collapse, it's inclusion would be extremely worrying in so many ways you've seen the rise of terror is already anti taliban terrorism at this point. and this is a little be a preview of things to come if things are not handled properly in talking about the international community. but amnesty international says, sense assuming control of, of galveston. we have already seen a wave of violations from reprisal attacks and restrictions on women to crackdowns on protests, the media and civil society. with that idea in man with those realities in mind, do you have any misgivings, any hesitations about ah, directly engaging the taliban? of course, i am not suggesting for a moment did this is easy and i do not think that what i and many others into un

are suggesting engagement should be year at simply one sided, meaning the dorner community, funding the taliban. i'm not suggesting that i'm suggesting joint work in or, or, or, or coming together in the middle or between the demands that the international community is asking. the taliban is putting to the taliban. and what the taliban decide to do? of course, it is unthinkable that dorner will font, for example, did you cation system, if girls cannot go to school and i think it should be like that. so i think that it's important taught to, to be pragmatic, but it is also important to uphold some fundamental principles for the sake of the afghans themselves. united nations high commissioner for refugees, philippa grande, thank you so much for joining us on a friday. thank you. that's our show up front. we'll be back next week.

ah, cuba, pacific island nation, rapidly falling victim to rise in sea levels and to president skilfully commanding the stage of climate change. diplomacy, whom do we appeal to corolla, people's right to survive, and the challenge of climate change that can he secure a theater that he seemed to be stateless people? what he's going to happen to us is going to be the fate of ferris winful. witness a phone al jazeera, tens of thousands of children were born into or lived under the icicle regime and iraq and syria. now many are in camps either orphans all with a widowed mothers, rejected by their own communities. chicken length of people are going to welcome them after that. of course, mom and you documentary his,

that chilling and traumatic stories from the children throw stones at me. iraq's last generation on al jazeera. ah, i've never seen so much devastation or experienced how quickly everything can change. as the current of ours pandemic searched the events in india became much more than just story. oh, every one was affected. we couldn't keep the people we cared about alive. and there were times on air when i had to hold back tears. but every day i was driven to convey the connect of trauma to make sure that despite the high numbers, we didn't forget that every single death represented a family's worst moment and helen most suffering could have been avoided. i became a journalist to tell the story of what is happening but also shows the wider

context. i'm elizabeth koran m ah 2. ready the army chief behind sedans, military takeover, promises a democratic transition in an exclusive interview with al jazeera. ah, i'm real about this, and this is all 0 live from doha. also coming up cementing she jin things, leadership. a key meetings underway in beijing. that'll pave the way for the president to hold a 3rd term and office also i had vote counting a nick had i go up resident or take as expected to win.