protestors have taken to the streets in mexico's capital, people demonstrated outside the cuban embassy. there were pro and anti government values. the u. s. secretary state has accused russia behaving recklessly after it blew up one of its own old satellites on the blink and made the comments after moscow's weapons test endangered. the lives of 7 astronauts on the international space station explosion created at least 1500 pieces of space junk that will now stay in orbit figures to come ah, this is our desert, easier. top stories. the presidents of the u. s. and china have held a virtual summit to deal with issues that continue to cause tensions between them. the white house says biden raised concerns about human rights, including the weaker muslims in shing, jung province. and they also discussed measures to address global energy supplies.

katrina, you have the latest from basing. we are getting some updates now from chinese state media that the meeting concluded about after 3 and just over 3 hours of discussion . one state media have just released the line that joe biden promised to. she's in peg not to support taiwan independence. our yet to verify that, but that's a line doesn't put out by chinese state media. another line was that the 2 sides conducted full an in depth communication and exchanges on strategic overall and fundamental issues in, in discussed issues of common concern for me. you as president donald trump's long time ally, steve baton has surrendered to federal authorities. but in his facing contempt charges for refusing to cooperate with the congressional investigation, it into january's attack on the capital on his radio show the day before and had

said all hell is going to break place, inspect media off to his appearance, and course not just from people and not just conservative, every progress of every liberal in this country that, that likes freedom of speech and liberty. okay. should be fighting for this case. that's why i'm here to day for everybody. well, i'm never going to back down in the late. they took on the wrong guy this time i saw the wrong. the eas stepping up at sanctions targeting believers as the migrant crisis. there wesson's thousands of people in stock at the border with poland. a you keys mens give using the migrants as a form of hybrid warfare, which the fellowship government denies closing arguments in the trial of me on most deposed leda on the some sushi are due to be heard in the next few hours. she was arrested off to being ousted in a manner she came back in february. there's the headlines. nice continues here on out there. alt accounting, the cost,

stay with us. al jazeera well to peers into the murky world of state sponsored spyware. and the discovery by al jazeera journalists, that 0 technology that smartphones, cisco, is this, the new frontier espionage think about putting the sophistication of exports to breaking, performs. this is as good as a guess. this high, and you're on algebra. ah, [000:00:00;00] with hello, i'm adrian said again, this is counting the cost on al jazeera. you look at the world of business and

economics this week, climate change is reshaping this a hell. food insecurity. coups and the pandemic. a leading to a rise in violence and terrors. tens of thousands of people have been displaced as a laken. molly evaporates. what little water there is, is controlled by armed groups, including al qaeda at all groups and making a grab for gold. rich land in the region. and drought has ravaged the california central valley. the region provides vast amounts of food for the us and for export . but for how much longer ah, $100.00, private and state own fossil fuel companies account for almost 80 percent of historical greenhouse gas emissions. the richest most developed and industrialized countries are overwhelmingly to blame for our climate emergency. but they're unlikely to suffer the most from it. it's areas like this a hell in africa that a suffering the most,

an explosive cocktail of climate change. food insecurity. coups and the pandemic. a leading to a rise in violence and terrorism, known as the belt of africa for hell is a 5000 kilometer, a semi arid territory, which stretches from mauritania on the atlantic ocean to eritrea on the red sea. but these other countries in the west africans hell were going to be focusing on today. martinez a kid, faso, chad molly and the jap. now out of 189 countries on the u. n's human development index that looks at income health and education to assess how well economies are doing these nations rank at the bottom of the table. and here's what's contributing to the poor economic performance. temperatures arising one of the half times faster than the global average. and could be 3 to 5 degrees celsius, warmer by 2050. remember, the paris accord hope to keep global warming well below 2 percent. all this is

leading to erratic rainfall. the united nations estimates that 80 percent of the health rain fed farmland is affected by degradation, which is undermining food production cove. it has pushed the whole region into its deepest recession since independence. from 1300000 people have been plunged into extreme poverty. with 1400000 young people poised to enter the sally and countries job markets every year with little in the way of opportunity. it's proving to be recruiting ground for extremists on extreme soup and financing themselves through taxes on farmers and trade room through the sahara. have made a land grab for gold rich areas in the tri state area in north patina. faso, which is africa. the 4th biggest producer of gold, reuters investigation found the terror groups were tapping the $2000000000.00 informal goal trade in mali. and nazir, well, outside intervention has done little to quell the violence. 8 years after deploying troops to this, a held a crush at your hottest insurgency,

france has said that it plans to haul its presence. that decision didn't go down well and molly, intern, prime minister, should well, my eager slammed france for its abandonment of molly. it's now seeking support from russia. ok, we have to report for you in a moment. i'll just hear as of an address report from chad on the consequences of shrinking, fertile grazing lands. but 1st out of here, nicholas huck on how climate change has transformed the lake in northern molly into a desert on the edge of tim booked to is a disappearing lake, with the temperatures approaching 50 degrees celsius, vanished into thin air or the green waters of the mighty lake figure being la modified the medusa. one says it's getting hotter, he's no longer a fisherman. he's witnessed waves of sand gradually take over the waterways. he once sailed for fish. the sea shells from a life that once existed, remain, gone. are the mango trees and the green gardens for farming mourns who smuggler

never would attack again? not if it went on with one, there was water on our land, weaker rice and wheat. look at it. now the people, the village, are building natural barriers to stabilize the sand dunes and stop them from moving already the sand is dangerously close to their homes. from above, the natural barriers looks like a fishing net cast over the sand and attempt to stop the unstoppable desert dunes have already buried holmes. now it's headed for the nearby school. i'm from edible oak seen and called up, but a cut sign of you see this sand dune wasn't there before it entered the school from the right. the ground was flat between those 2 blocks. this is a school for almost 400 students. that's an entire generation, a last generation, a generation condemned to flee or be recruited more droughts here a rainfall. water has become scars, farmers and herders fight over it. in areas where the 1000000 state is largely absent. arm groups including a kind of control access to water and arable land,

giving it only to those willing to join their ranks. the combination of the alm conflicts, and the effect of climate change is like a death sentence for those population. when the whales are empty, i mean people are on as to flee in search of thought that water and there are places where people fight for water. it's a self of conflict between communities to day. 300000 people have fled an area where there was once an abundance of water. the surface of it was once lake like a bean, is hot with an unknown gas in its killing. the remaining shrubs. forcing the last people to leave this vanishing oasis, in search of a more friendly climate. another victim of climate change, a prized horse, succumbs to the searing heat. here an exhausted lamb was left behind by my greeting, heard 4 wild animals to deval. as his losses pile up,

i do muhammad the rounds of his cattle and family and had towards the border with kimbrell me. while i pull that up or put a wood, we are leaving to the pastures, greener and the weather is more bearable. the migration will say, what's left of my cattle, the drought, and the rising heat of taken so much away from me. he's just trying to cut his losses and recover even if that means risking attacks by bandits, boy quorum and corrupt officials as he crosses the chide come road border. mom would you bring expects the dry period and his losses to continue. and has that had them has, have been, is by the rains, have failed us and the unbearable heat is drying up the little water that we have. it's painful to watch your animals die and there's nothing you can do about it. he is not sure if he will have any kettle left before the reins return at to say people in this a hell, our ready living the gloomy future. they say the region continues to see arise in temperatures and p. a could get worse if it's tomorrow. consider desert,

i can definitely tell you that in this region, time has in fact run out and it's up to us to act and mitigate the impact on gross till occupy, like slaves of territory, farther limiting access to water and lead for agriculture as the impact of climate change becomes clear possible, really supposed to make a difficult decision to some of the animals at very low prices or let them die. and when they bring them to markets like this, they find few people can afford to buy them. i did research, i'll just see that gemini, let's get some analysis with on ella motor on the head of the hell program at the institute for security studies. she joined us via skype from bar code with the capital city of molly. good to be with us on the how much of what we've just seen is to do with climate change and how much of it has to do with poor economic management and political instability. all of these factors

a dire situation on the one hand climate change is around the very difficult situation in terms of, you know, cation payments that are in the lifestyle and use. however, as i've mentioned before, we can meet political governance a, make me the fact that, you know, i mentioned stability has been a man or a very serious security crisis has been reaching out to the region for nearly 10 years now, making a what is behind the rise of the groups, is it lazy of us just to apply the labels extremist or islamist to these groups? this is a very good question. you know,

because it extreme is really depends on where you stop right in the sand. well, we see a variety of operating modes and on the one hand you have several labeled cerise environment extremist. we tend to be pushing a reference point. however, at the same time, you have a whole series, a don't have any particularly religion or a bit. so actually is a simplification to look at the security situation as being exclusively an experiment driven walk outside intervention help. francis is currently drawing down

troops off to 8 years in the region. is it fair to say that they've had little impact on the violence? wow. you know, we don't have to come to factual so. ringback we don't know what things would be looking like a now with a what do you know? he said this is a expenditure, but in terms of, you know, political investment, financial investments and law lives. also, the situation remains really dire with shows the limits the international and external intervention is molly, where you are now looking to, to russia for support. that is not something we should be concerned about. i think

that's something that should 1st of all concern and question the traditional military and security. ma'am. the very fact that the government has been waiting the prospects of dealing with a company at what would be an extremely high potential. while at the same time, we do have international a sheet that are expensive and that are 3 question about the advocacy of their support as well as in terms of alignment to too many in needs and priorities. at the same time. of course, it's important to keep in mind that the money government has to anything about the so called

a company deal. and the see me key element was at the yeah, is still very much a political game and i wonder how the groups operating in the region financed and what is the hold right now over the goal, producing areas. this is another great question. so i don't use operating in the region are into a financial flows as well. one thing we know is that you know, the real cost to legal taxi using that for instance, as well as many of the rules as well as accounting roughly are a

local industries that, that these groups operate. we also do have data on the presence and the use my cheese, including through with which of these are using to to get access to material goods and financial plan outside the b alcorda linked groups of health talks with authorities in molly and the quino faso of those talks go anywhere, has they been productive? this is a so a bit of an inferior position on whether or not to a label. and it's

a 2017 with a series of national talks that i keep on to the government to explore this option . while this is something that i've been discussed much more recently, i see that these talks when i see that the option for such data would remain on the table. the key questions that governments will have to sort of include, well, what is there to be discussed or who exactly are the interlocutors, what are the communication channels to use and sending them in? if you're going to initiate the decisions you should also be willing to go or is. ready what we need to meet on on the table. so what is the new for me to station potentially bargaining on a less been really going to talk to you on counting the cost money. thanks for

being with us. thank you for that. 80 percent of our food is grown on $500000000.00 small farms around the world just to one degree increase in global temperatures would hit production by 10 percent. as we've already seen, climate change is having huge consequences in the hell. it's also a problem in the rich world. here's, i'll just here was rob rentals with a report from california. so how are things going tough? mike wood is the 3rd generation farmer in california's san joaquin valley. he grows 200 hector's of omen trees. but recently he's been thinking of selling the ranch. yeah, the consideration of sale has been right in the front of the gray matter for quite some time. actually, this dolly is a cornucopia of agricultural plenty rich soil in a benign climate produced a vast bounty of meat, milk, vegetables, fruits,

and nuts. but global warming is changing the valley. 2021 was the 2nd try us here on record. while some years are wetter than others, repeated drought strains, the capacity of an elaborate system of canals and reservoirs that bring water from far away. it's getting hotter to the valley. he had a record $45.00 degrees celsius in september land where fruits or vegetables might be grown would be left idle. it's not unusual to see sites like this entire orchards ripped up and ground into mulch. these effects aren't unique to california, china, russia, nigeria, brazil, all over the world have their own localized impacts. but the one thing in common is the global warming is causing those impacts and humans are causing global warming. scientists say some of the world's most important breadbasket regions are

also the most at risk of failure due to climate shocks, persistent drought and extreme temperatures here in california and other farming regions around the world raise an important question about the future of our species. how can an ever warming planet feed a human population that is expected to grow from 7900000000 today to nearly 10000000000 by mid century? simply expanding farm land won't do. the more forests are cut down the worse global warming gets. science is say, we must adapt or starve. our ability to be able to feed the planet is going to require some wholesale changes, both in how we produce food and how we share food across the planet. is going to require that we probably change our diet and move more towards the plant based side

. this is the emitter. mike wood is optimistic, that technology will provide a solution. when i talk about the technology, i'm talking about the ability to produce 50 percent to a 100 percent more than we did on the same acre 40 years ago. hope for the future in the time of climate uncertainty. let's get more than on the challenge is that farmers face as they deal with climate change. mike will give me as the chief executive of the fair trade foundation, he joins us now via skype from london. good teddy with us, michael. tell us something about the impact on the climate change is having the fathers that you work with. what century does a global coalition of farmers, businesses and consumers working together better tail for men and women and lower income countries. see who got the food that we will rely on every day. and the, the problem is, but the climate change is real and it's happening now. we work with 1800000 farmers

and 75 countries around the world. and it's the number one priority. so the challenge we face is the, the positive noises, the, the words that are being pledged and cop need to be transferred into action immediately. let me just give you one example of the many we're seeing from around the world amongst affair trade producers in the dominican republic where farmers grew up anonymous for exports to the european markets. there were enormous problems with flooding caused by the climate crisis in type and on farms were flooded in 2016 wiping out the entire crop. and then the following year there were hurricanes just after they'd replanted hurricanes. again, went to the cross now for farming communities who rely on being able to grow food to export. that's an incredibly serious problem. and for us consumers that it really matters because in the u. k. for example, bananas, our fruit staples,

pretty much every child's lunch balls. and so if, if we collectively don't titled the climate crisis, there will be open arms. the she monetary cost would be devastating for the garden communities. but for us and it's part of our food security in the global, no, it really matters to us. rich nations had pledged was something like a $100000000000.00 to an annual finance to low income countries affected by the climate emergency. and they've lost the fail to, to live up to that promise you any more hopeful now off to comp 26. yes, i'm afraid my social on the pledges are still there for them, but the money isn't cheap for me. and this is why we in fact trade our campaigning for this 100000000000 promised to be met. the promise was made years ago and it still hasn't arrived and it needs to be a $100000000000.00 every year to help low income countries in the global south

attack and mitigate against climate change. and like i said, just with myself, clumping on it, it's happening today. the pledges are still not made from to 1000000000, you know, come to life various places, but the numbers way below the 100000000000. neither saying it, they may start next. it may be the 2023 is the latest i've heard the problem is that it's also that even when the money is pledged, even if it's found, it then needs to be put into the hands of the people on the front line. and in many agricultural company, those are the farmers themselves, too often the money doesn't actually get into their hands and they need it so they can invest in what's needed on the farms to be able to mitigate against the crime crisis or what, what are the companies that you work with doing to, to, to help the farmers to provide the support that they need. well, i think frederick is an example of folk, actually. so as i said, we are a coalition of farmers, consumers,

campaigners and businesses. and we will involved in cops this year, the, there is a pledge which $27.00 leading companies around the world have signed, which say that they will span by farmers as part of the the, the way they think about mitigating durn carbon footprint. where the logic is, you know, if you want, if you're investing in food, if you're, if you're in the food business, you have to recognize that farmers need a for income. it all begins with trust and poverty, i'm afraid. so farmers have the financial wherewithal, the working capital to invest in mitigating on their phones. they will not be able to respond the, the climate crisis. so the leading to the businesses that we work with, global brands like bet in jazz. we're also working with very many of the retailers around the world in the u. k. the court wait shows signs for it. and so they are committed to seeing. i feel like a holistic approach where, where in order to mitigate their own carbon impacts,

they have to recognize the weakest financially in the chain too many times, but farms. so what they're saying is they will, they see paying the farmers, they fact tries as a very important 1st step of ensuring that there is working capital investment in those farms. and of course, with that, what happens is federal producers on the experts, you know, they know what they're doing. they're also entrepreneurs and passive beneficiaries in this. so they are using the extra capital, but come through fair trade to invest in their businesses better irrigation, better soil management setting is there is of labs for nursery, so they can grow carbon us, right climate resisting crops. they're looking at a foreign station as well as reforestation, a load of enterprising activities which would be a total past the problem. so there is hope that just needs be taken to a very big scale, which is why the $100000000000.00 a year from government is made. man, michael, many thanks a day for being with us on counting the cost. really good. talk to you. thank you. and that is our show for this week. don't forget if you want to comment on anything

that you've seen, you can treat me on that a 2nd on please use the hash tag a j c t c. when you do or you control panel, i'm counting the cost of algebra dot net email address is plenty more few online at our 0 dot com slash ctc. that takes you straight to our page. you'll find the time episode speed to catch up with that is it for this edition of counting the cost on a tree instead of going for the whole team here? and so thanks for being with us. 30 years and i was 0 is thanks. i question the narrative. you don't have ways to shake weight or disinformation east squeal or not. you don't have any way to verify. identify who is telling the story their motivation. these are multi national corporations that are interested in profit, anticipate the consequences. the media was complicit in perpetuating this myth. i'm

going to tell you that i think that many people died because of the lifting pace, deconstruct the media on out to sara, setting the discussions. what is greenwashing is when an oil company talks green, but acts 30 unflinching journalism. are you committed to building a vibrant democratic up got into sharing personal stories with a global audience. our ministers had no idea what was happening on the shop floor, but i could see the body bag explore and abundance of world class programming. climate change is another political issue of survival on elegy 0. if america held up a mirror to itself, what would it see in a sense, race is the story of america what's working and what's not, what people were only talking about that it wasn't at the top of the agenda. if america can't handle multiple challenges on multiple fronts, we need to go back to school. the bottom line on al jazeera, compelling,

we keeping our distance because it's actually quite dangerous. ambulances continued to arrive at the explosion. inspire, i still don't feel like i actually know enough about living under fascism was like, unequal to broadcasting. some nelson have been on august night, he was born. happy al jazeera english proud recipient of the new york festivals broadcaster of the year award for the 5th year running. ah, i moline site into your top stories on al jazeera. the president of the u. s. in china have held a virtual summit to day with issues that continue to cause tensions between them. the white house as j bought and rice concerns about human rights, including the week of muslims in gen, john, province to bats and hong kong. bite and engaging,