does these temperature, there are magnetic fields in astronomy, in general, when you have a complex and situation it magnetic fields are always seen bowls. magnetic fields in the formation of planets in the formation of stars on, in the atmosphere of the sun, in the maximum speed of the earth as well. so these magnetic fields are kind of particle accelerators that increase a they the speed of atomic particles on also makes it keeping that, that growing up. i still don't know, i'm the space probably parker space, but always going to give us more idea of how these happens. ah, and let's take you through some of the headlines now. us president joe biden is in kentucky. the worst affected state by fridays, devastating tornadoes and in illinois and the investigation is underway into the collapse of an amazon warehouse that killed at least 6 people. john hendrick has more from outside the white house. the investigation is

a standard thing that the occupational safety and health administration does. it could take up to 6 months for them to come up with any conclusions they're going to look at whether anything was done wrong here by the folks at amazon who run this facility. already. one of the families of those of one person who was deceased, his hired famous lawyer, ben crump, a civil rights attorney to look into whether there was a possible wrongful death in this case. and whether they might want to file a civil suit. crump has also been talking to other family members, but for many people, the question is not really whether amazon failed to obey the existing laws, but whether the existing laws are strong enough because they don't require a hardened tornado shelter. in areas like this, iran's foreign minister says un cameras will be allowed to film at his sensitive nuclear sites. the issue had been a sticking point during negotiations in vienna to revive the 2015 landmark agreement. the ukranian president is meeting you leaders in brussels at the eastern

partnership summit follow the me of the landscape. will also meet the french president and german chancellor to discuss rising tensions with russia. the u. k has reported a record number of daily corona virus cases. since the pandemic began, health officials have confer more than 10000 infections from the army. kron variance. people must now show proof. they are double jab to end to certain venues . prime minister barak johnson has dismiss calls for his resignation. the british public looking for a prime minister with the trash and the old sort of fate to lead britain through the crisis. instead way burdened with the worst possible prime minister, the worst possible time i believe. his people, but i believe that the approach that we're taking is balance reporting that and right for the transfer a headlines. the news continues here now to sierra

off the inside story. ah one time. so make amends. turkey and armenia and out steps to normalize relations wise is happening now. and can they build trust after decades of animal sleep? this is inflexible. i hello, welcome to the program. i'm a ron kong relations between armenia and turkey, have been described as frosty, intense, even hostile,

the biggest and longest lost and controls. he was undoubtedly the mass killing of armenians during world will one. but there's also armine is current territorial dispute. we're turkeys, ally as abrasion, however, things maybe about to improve. on monday, turkey announced both sides will appoint special envoys to work on normalizing ties . armine is foreign ministry. confound this in a statement, a few hours later, the united states has welcome the decision turkeys. foreign minister says anchor, i will coordinate steps with as the visor is dinah. hi betty, to de la my life. i want to share 2 pieces of news with we have consulted with other badge on on that soon, we will mutually appointed special representatives, put armenia for the steps towards normalization. we're act together with as a badge on it. if we step up in the near future who will start charter flights with armenia. as we heard relations between encore and year of, and have been strained since the mass killing of armenians during the ottoman empire in the early 20th century,

often referred to by armenians as the 1st genocide and estimated 1500000 people were killed. but turkey rejects the killings at the time of the 1st will war amounted to genocide and denies. they were systematically orchestrated. the border between the 2 countries has been closed since the 19 ninety's and diplomatic relations put on hold in 2009, turkey and armenia. finally signed a peace accord to store size, but that deal was never ratified. 5 years later, present rich of type only one offered turkey's 1st ever condolences for the mass killings of armenians. ah, let's bring in our guests joining us from a stumble with hat chillik parlour professor of international relations and vice rector are called their course university from year of ann richard garago, seeing director regional study center in armenia and also from istanbul, matthew browser, a former us ambassador,

as by john and non resident senior fellow at the atlantic councils erasure center, a warm welcome tool. i'd like to start in a stumble with mit at her jelic parlor 1st. and this has been a very long time coming. but this latest announcement is basically 2 jobs to special envoys and some flights between the 2 countries. is it the breakthrough, the istanbul and armenia were looking for? or is it just a good start for media and for the region as you know for a long wire, all the development issues often couple or prior they face or to make it for one 3rd or a long. why did we hope that environment in the region to get

together and related to reflection? what somebody will need all the region again. but the only way we want to be able to park is to move forward and relation and then move move. and it's going to be done before the regent richard girl goes in. and one of the sticking points for all of this has been language is a mass killing of the armenians join us of an empire. was it? as you say, a genocide is that language now? been sorted out, is there an agreement back stage that we don't know about? well, i would actually argue that language is not a sticking point. in other words,

what we're talking about is a process of normalization. this is not reconciliation. and dealing with history in a more. ready sincere way, the genocide issue, these are deferred to a reconciliation later stage. what we're talking about is what me talk referred to to basic objectives of normalizing relations. reopening the closed order and establishing diplomatic relations full stop. therefore much more practical and much more realistic. it is much more practical, it's much more realistic. how we've seen this before in international relations between jordan and israel. and yet things haven't really progressed since the low codes in the, in the mid ninety's. i mean old it's really happened is there are flights. there is some sort of negotiation, but there's no true peace agreement between those 2 countries. all you confident the turkey can break that mold. yeah. or, you know,

different different regions. but you know, this time, you know, and the expectations are not just, this is start to move forward and more than that, media experience is much more important after the war and ready to get now and then it is wrong with the beating armenia. and they just don't put the in, the equation is ready to move forward there. but you the question the parking lot, waiting on my both boys and from the point forward and it's kind of been a boy again, any active region is about all i have to

do. i have to warn you. the fact that kind of been reaching out goes in in yerevan . how important was it the, the other by john was part of this discussion. was that a driver for this latest talks? well very much so in fact, if we look back at the 1st round of engagement for the protocol process back in 2008, it was also redrawn that belatedly opposed and then the rails, the process. what we have now is also redrawn in a post. busy war reality is very much willing to see what we can do in terms of normalization. and it's just that a 2nd round of re engagement. we've learned lessons from the past, and i do think it's a low hanging fruit. in other words, a rare success for foreign policy as well. well, if you broke, also in, if stumble, one of the most interesting things i guess about this is, it wasn't

a u. s. influenced for us lead accord. this is actually these 2 countries getting together with us a by song and say ok, we can make this step. did it come as a surprise to us or as the us been involved in any way? well, i don't think it's a surprise at all for the united states, and i should clarify that i was very actively involved in the 2009 process when i was. ready the u. s. mediator between us or by john and armenia, and at that time, president brock obama was strongly encouraging the reconciliation. this time the united states hasn't played that role effectively has well, really lost a lot of its significance in the region over the course of the last couple of presidencies. but especially since a year ago in july when they were military clashes along the us or by john armenia border before the 2nd time about war. and the u. s. wasn't really involved at all in the mediation with russia and turkey. that, that, that filled a diplomatic vacuum. so i know that the president biden supports the reconciliation

of our boss of turkey and armenia. and i know that the actual johnny government, as richard was just saying, would like to see reconciliation. armenia with both officer by john and with turkey, you know, as a john, armenia and russia. i've all signed agreements calling for the reopening of all transit routes between armenian or by john armenian turkey, and also including russia. so and i think armenian press a prime minister nichol passion. yon has also wanted to see this normalization happen because it will lead to investment will lead to economic growth and jobs and stability. he has been obstructed, however, by his own political opponents who are playing their own games and talking about continuing complex. so to sum it up, it's not a surprise at all for the united states, because i think you as simple as realized that the pieces were in place, armina, turkey, and as or by john as well as russia. what all like to see this collaboration renew

in a way that will re and reintegrate armenia into the regional economy? well, let's talk about economics. midterm. in stumble. the turkish lira is tanking against the dollar is the weakest. there's been in a number of years. turkey does need investment, was that a driver for this? because there's a lot of investment that can be made you know, and all the way up to your, from the region or committee division and see what we think equation while they are after the war. last couple months from the e and they were all together. you know,

you got to move forward. police, the actor in the region on the table and he had a relation all that's an important thing that we can remove all the go off the back that be okay with the face of all your medicine. and then if the russian are your region in the army giving it kind of the green light, it's very important for my i'm a very negotiate, although they should be done for an important development. richard is this advantage armenia here, then because of the economic situation,

the turkey finds itself in, does your of, and have the upper hand here in a way. i'm not sure i would say upper hand, but i do say there are 2 important observations. one is economics in trade for the 1st time ever are now recognized as important incentives in this post war period. that's very important in terms of a positive change. the 2nd observation, however, is rhetoric a normalization. busy is not just about our media, it's normalization with israel. busy and the u. a. eat what? it's also about russia because after the war last year, russia excluded turkey from the trilateral working group on regional trade in transport. so for all garage normalization with armenia is a way to regain the see that the table in the broader promise of the restoration of all. busy regional trade and transport and the reopening of borders. so in that

context, armenia isn't a good position to counter the threat of vice. elation. matthew bryce. russia is in a good position. he says our guest in yerevan, but that doesn't mean the americans have a sea of the table on the americans are relevant santa yeah, i was hinting at that before. i think the u. s. relevancy has decreased dramatically since the period right before the war and during the war. i mean the united states is still the united states and it is a member of the multilateral working group. it's called the o. s. c e 's minced group. but the role of that organization remains to be seen because the basics of, of the conflict have been settled. now militarily, there is, there is a need for there to be a negotiation on a, on a comprehensive piece agreement, as well as a negotiation to demarcate. the boundaries the borders between us or by john and armenia, which are still on drawn. and it's russia that was able to insert in

a communicate on november 26th when he hosted in sophie president. feel how many of us are by john prime minister nickle pushing on of armenia to say that the 2 parties will begin negotiations and form working groups to, to delineate their border. and russia will help them. so russia has stepped in almost a to 1000 person peacekeeping force on the ground. turkey is also as a smaller peacekeeping contingent. so there's sort of a natal presence, but the us is not absent. and you know, it's not clear to me what role the u. s. is going to play from here on out. i mean the south caucuses, as i said, for the last couple of us administration since the town of george w bush have not been much of a focal point. and you'll remember under the obama administration, the policy toward russia was one of resetting russia relations, russia reset. and that was in reaction to a very active engagement by the bush administration in the south caucuses. so the u

. s. a sorta, sorta by choice withdrawn from the south caucasus not entirely, but it seemed a diplomatic territory to, to turkey, to russia as well as the u. s. may well have seated influence from the south caucuses, but actually it's still a pretty big player in turkey, still has the intellect airbase that the turks, however, did by russian air defense systems, which angered the u. s. is this is one got to has to do with another, is this normalization of relations with armenia, a gift to the u. s. and saying that we are doing some of the things you want us to do. just don't take away a defense system on turkey, the amount of perspective towards the goal are in line with the work and the work and the us and must provide the anytime approach or the

normalization piece in the region. and we're more than that. and this is again, can just change the wider it's served the american way. but right as you know, right, that it's on the field as an active, but you know, they just fro again. they're working on the line normalized or regional issues, but any kind of armenian or, or normal vision to get an army. we changed the white glove again. i don't think that the us or others. but again, again, even though maybe russia and the initial cost, and they will, that all those develop. but you know, even the russian profit kind of company should

it be on the american division may have to restart, negotiate. richard, we keep talking about this idea of normalization of relations, not a consider terry o consolidation of relations, rushes a key play. absolutely. but was russia looking to get out of this? do you think? well, i would argue that rushing support is actually both the monster ball, but also necessary. what we see is, even with the reopening of the close border between turkey and armenia, it's also a close border between working in the origin economic union. very much a pet project, the president. in this context, it's russian own sectors of the army in the economy that benefit most and 1st from

a board a real. and for russia, there's little danger of losing our media to nato war to turkey. having said that, i do think that the future in terms of normalization is a process that has become inevitable. it's no longer a question of what, when and how is it become inevitable? richard, because the russians are deeply involved. where was it always going to happen? no, i think there's an accidental convergence of interest between turkey or media and even also, but drop in terms of the necessity for post war stability. and as me thought, those already said, this is a rare positive game changer in a region very much at risk. not you, i'm going to come to you in just a 2nd, but i want to put riches points to me to do you trust the russians, the limit for you know,

they cannot prevent any of that and all the parties that they have and this is what the russian left to see is to have the role in this issue, but you know, they say armina to move forward. we'd find one before but new in turkey and armenia. john hall, i'm calling is game changer that i don't expect any time. right or wrong kind of the wrong one will be so much relation and then as a recent mention, rate will be reached or or to the

i don't think that the russians would know who it is, almost extraordinary to think that's post 2nd world war. there is finally an agreement on an international conflict that the americans, i'm the russians can get behind. that seems unusual to me, is that, would you agree with that? and it's quite unusual. but, you know, i have to say in my experience, as i mentioned before, as the u. s. mediator, there was a moment in, in september 2008, which was a month after russia had invaded georgia. when i had a, had the honor to have a conversation with the russian foreign minister. and he made clear at that point that, you know, as opposed as the us and russia had been and our to this day in georgia. we were on the same side when it comes to the governor car about conflict, and that wasn't just rhetoric. i mean,

the way my russian counterpart behaved and minister law broke himself was, was sincere. they were creative, they were brainstorming with my french counterpart and me looking for break, who's looking for ways to move the process forward. i always thought that, you know, the russian side wanted, wanted to avoid an armed conflict. they didn't want this war that happened. but they wanted to get a framework in place, but maybe not to finalize that framework. be a piece, be a peacemaker, but allow there to be some instability out there on the horizon so that they could stir the pot into the future and they were not in figure they were against turkey, armenia normalization back then. now they're in favor of it. well, us don't take it away from either techie or, i mean, you know, they're, the main drivers of this agreement here is no america. it's not russia, it's turkey, it's all media, richard in europe and we are running out of time. but just quickly, did you ever think that they was going to come? yes, to be honest. i've been a long engage, been invested in normalization,

with radar video, turkey, and my eternal optimism is not our justified optimism? do would you agree? did you think the study would ever come? yeah, i know one or more parties are involving financial level, but open to me. they already i already or so they probably will be ready now, although this is a turkey armenia success, i'm going to ask the last question to matthew matthew about if this works out and the americans and russians can get behind it. does that mean they can get behind other disagreements in the region, other disagreements globally, or is this just a one else? i think this is

a one off for all sorts of unique reasons. but, you know, as i was saying before, the russian side always negotiated in good faith when we were doing with the corner car box. and i think that that gets to something that richard was saying before is that it would be hard for armenia to be any more dependent on russia than it is. and if russia wants to improve its geo political standing in the south caucasus, that means it needs to improve its relations with other by john, everywhere else and all the other companies, let's say ga. russia sees it as a 0 sum game, right? same with ukraine, this is a non 0 sum game and i want to thank all august metallic. paula richard go, goes in and matthew browser, and i want to thank you to for watching. you can see the program again. anytime by visiting our website, al jazeera dot com, and for further discussion as well, facebook page at facebook dot com forward slash ha inside story. and you could also join the conversation on twitter. handle is at asia in price. for me am ron khan and the whole team. bye for now. the

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