so guess in conversation, this is the chance to start the revolution, unprompted, uninterrupted. we moved to do away with the white evil because it stops conversation. where should we get? i land to port son, meat, i easier i can be. this is the beginning of friendship. this is the beginning of love, right. like getting somewhere and can really break through the barrier studio. be unscrew date on al jazeera. ah, this is al jazeera. ah, hello and welcome. i'm pete adobe. you're watching the news. our lie from our headquarters here in doha, coming up in the next 60 minutes. south african say good bye to then national hero, antea party, activist, and world statesman. archbishop desmond tutu. 12 people die in

a stampede at one of india's holiest drawings. 20 years on from the launch of the euro. why not every one in europe has been celebrated and irish becomes the used 24th official tongue with campaign. as for them saying it will help boost minority languages under threat elsewhere. ah a crusader in the struggle for freedom, justice equality and peace at south south africa as a part 8 hero, archbishop desmond tutu, was described to day during his funeral service in cape town. his ashes are being interred at saint george's cathedral, where he preached against racial injustice for years. yes for me to mila. oh,

hello. to people around the world. archbishop desmond tutu was a champion of freedom and the fight against racial segregation in south africa. to others, he was simply a husband, father and grandfather. many of the messages we received have said, thank you for sharing him with the world. well, it actually is a 2 way street because we shared him with the world. you shared part of the love you held for him with us. and so we are thankful among the speakers at saint george's cathedral, michael newton, who served as tu tuesday pretty for many years. for the chief more. no, no. my dear america. many times with your husband, for as the owner,

he cried easily and in the life of our country, both post and prison. he had my about the service for many was deeply personal. much of the proceedings down, according to archbishop to his last wishes, a plain pined coffin adorned with the symbols of the church. while the eucharist service sent it around to tis anglican beliefs and spiritual leadership, his activism against global oppression. and as the leading voice against a party laws in south africa was to the full, ah, i bishop doesn't want to do too much without question a crusade in the struggle for freedom, for justice, for quality and for peace. not only in south africa, the country of his best around the world as well. 0 $1.00

at times shalom the service also celebrated the archbishop to his favorite hymns and scriptures. his last moments at saint george's cathedral, marked by a final blessing. archbishop desmond tutu was loved by many, but coven 19 restrictions limited. how they would have liked to pay the final respects. instead, they participated in services a small parishes across the country. ah, no gee. and bishops form a god of honor as a final, goodbye to a remarkable man, simply known as the arch. he's ashes to be late to interred at the church, he called home for me, the miller al jazeera kept up to swell. people were killed in a stampede at a religious shrine, an indian administer kashmir. thousands of people had gathered at the sight to mark the 1st day of the new year, his alexia bryan. ha, in the cold darkness of the early morning,

tens of thousands of devoted tracked to the hilltop temple of motivational davy and indian administered kashmir. at about 3 a year, there was a surge in the crowd. witnesses describe a horrifying crash, and people trampling over bodies. as larry, it's a tragedy. many people are dead. ah, initial reports suggest an altercation between groups visiting the shrine, perhaps to offer special prayers for the new year. but security has also been called into question. the police were very irresponsible. they did not put up devices in the area or outside the cave. they mixed also those coming out of the shrine and those going in a saw it with my own eyes. police pushed the pilgrims and also way fashions and blue whistles to intimidate them, which spread panic, and there was a stem paid in no time matter. vice no davy shrine is one of india's most revered hindu sites. before the pandemic about

a $100000.00 devotees would climb the steep winding track every day to the narrow cave containing the shrine. authorities had kept the daily number 25000, but witnesses suggest many more people were there going okay corner somewhere there was mismanagement. when we knew that there was this type of rush, we should have stopped the public 1st. if we had stopped them earlier, this tragedy would not have happened. and investigations underway into outs sparked the crush. all the injured and families of victims had been offered compensation, deadly stampedes. a fairly common during indian religious festivals as large crowds gather in small areas, often with few safety or crowd control measures. margaret albrecht, not everybody thought of my way to express my condolences to the families who have lost their dear ones and the sad incident of the stampede. my sympathies to those who were injured in law wanted access to the shrine was halted for several hours.

but later, resumed alexia bryan al jazeera wasn't tina's feeling the impact to the new corona virus very, and reporting a records $50000.00 cases per day. people waited in long lines to be tested for the virus at centers in going as iras on new year's eve. argentina recently reduced the number of quarantine days from 10 to 5. as soon as you miss me with the which i know it to have been heading for a month and a half ago, that convention case exploding in little bit. did you expected not to happen yet? if you thought it should have foreseen all of this, that people come to test altogether, the vacation period and the end of the lebrans were coming towards that. there's one in oklahoma. we are here because we run together tonight with the family. we came from the coast and we want to be sure we don't have covered the philippines recorded almost 3000 cubic 19 cases on friday. that's just about

a twofold increase in just 24 hours. the spike prompted concerns about another wave of the virus at a time where millions of people are still reeling from a devastating typhoon. bonner, below no reports from manila filipinos pact malls in shopping districts. during the holidays, as cases of hobby lead team appear to be dropping to new lows. the government had east most restrictions. i had one of the busiest seasons, but experts warned there was no room for complacency. starting december lane, been, we, me, somehow i a, had an alarm, an alert that there's already like a switch off then, you know, and the increase in the budget, even the rate is very, very fast. and in terms of either ins, we see that most of the gaze as currently are i think the might be and mild and the are coming from b ah 23rd is each group. so somehow are,

somehow we can correlate this, this kind of, they now mixed the mobility of people because of their holidays. more on the chrome patients had been identified this week. but the health department, while a traveler from the united states, tested positive, had reached quarantine regulations in order to party, at least a dozen of her close contacts. now have the virus entrepreneur variant is driving home bit 19 cases to record numbers in many countries. the philippines has largely been spared, but daily infections are on the rise. and all it's possible the new virus variant is spreading. health department officials say it's too early to make that conclusion. a new wave of the virus is likely not only to stream the countries health care system. it could exacerbate the humanitarian crisis in regents, still suffering and the impact of super typhoon ride as it is. there are already outbreaks of diarrhea and gastro enteritis in those areas. forced hit by the store

. we have nbc of fish, i mean, or at sam's or increase of h as in the urea. cough and cold. but, but you know, hot and cold. yes. i, among the ceiling gums, you know, seem, wanted, aren't, are there. i know i'm practitioner, you the shine. evaporation sensor. so i oh, they had been an air wine. i'm the see since i just nbc on. so i spent 8 workers hope an increase in coven 19 cases would be the last thing they would have to deal with, as they're still struggling to provide basic needs like food and clean drinking water, to the millions affected by the typhoon. bar below al jazeera manila island, the latest country to cut the isolation period for people who test positive because $19.00 to $7.00 days instead of 10 days, spain, portugal am greece that also would use their isolation periods to

a week or less as on a chrome rapidly spreads you government sphere if people continue to isolate for almost 2 weeks, services such as public transport, hospitality, and retail will be interrupted, talks about act on connie is from the university of exeter medical school. he's also a specialist and infectious disease control. he says it is okay to come out of quarantine . if people are testing negative after 7 days of isolation, what i would say is we can be the change that we want it to be and, and it would mean be fully immunized. thank your boosters. i and i were a good quality mosque and f, f, b to mosque and award those indoor closed, fully ventilated races. if we were to excise, all of those measures ourselves, we by our on ethics, would bring down the case numbers. it is easier and better to mix with people that

you know and you've all agreed to a given protocol. whereas when you are meeting and mixing with total strangers, you are going into a and no, unfortunately with the or i will of omicron, it has put us back several steps. and unfortunately, this was foreseeable because people like myself, i've been saying for at least a year that unless we suppress infections in other parts of the world, variance or concern will arise. and it will be a setback. and this is an example of what has happened at the good news, of course, is that the vaccine program in the richer countries is protecting their population and preventing the large number of serious illness and debts. but we've still got a long way to go, especially with immunizing the oral parks of the world. pope francis is focused on social injustice in his new year message,

including the plight of refugees and displaced people. the pontiff called on people to achieve peace by promoting justice and to focus on their shared humanity. he said images of mary and jesus reminded him of the many mothers and children fleeing wars and famine. the pope also to crime violence against women, calling it an insult to god. the the among corner empty chairs did is he, we are still living an uncertain and difficult times because of d. panoramic many african about a future, unburdened by the facial situation by personal problems, by the dangers coming from the environmental crisis. from the injustice season from planetary economic imbalances. looking at mary holding her son in her arms, i think of the young mothers and their children fleeing was in family or waiting in refugee camps. there are lots under money, plenty more still to come here on. the news are including protests in iraq, almost 2 years after iran's top general cousin cilla marnie was assassinated by us drone strike near baghdad airport. and the north korean leader kim jong own talks

food, not weapons, as he marks tens in power. it's 20 years since the launch of the euro. the currency went into use in some, but not all e u countries on new year's day in 2002 dominant cane. and berlin takes a look at the challenges that came with it over those 2 decades. 20 years ago, it was a novelty, a new currency across much of europe. as one central bank took on responsibility for the monetary policy of hundreds of millions of people. for much of its 1st decade, the eurozone seemed to prosper. but then came the global financial crisis with the greeks leading a succession of ease states, unable to pay their national debts and close to defaulting on them. and therefore, dropping out of the euro club,

brussels became the place the seemingly endless meetings of ant bailout packages. with growing tensions between richer, northern and porous southern european member states, between 20102012, there are endless predictions at the euro is going to fall apart, or at least it, it would lose it. some of its weakest members like, like greece in the end. no. those forecast came truth when the coven pandemic seem to shake the integrity of the euro zone, angular merkel, and a manuel mac haul, solve the crisis with the so called corona bonds. effectively using the assets of the rich member states to guarantee the debts of the worst hit nations. now the sea bees main fo is inflation driven by fast increasing energy prices and supply shortages when the euro was being dreamt up, some one that if the plan was a currency to challenge the dollars supremacy to day europe has managed to establish itself as the 2nd global most important through currency concerned for

example, the am for x market for that market and in the international payments. so for example, it's roles almost equal to the dollar. the driving force behind the single currency comes from paris and berlin. the new german government will continue to closely cooperate bessie french government. and i assure you that z, franco, german tan then will stay essential for the further development of the european union and the european monetary union opinion polls both across the euro zone and the wider e. you suggest broad popular support for the single currency. a trend that has been stable throughout its existence. 20 years ago, hundreds of millions of europeans had to adapt to the new notes and coins in their pockets. and soon they may have to again, because the e. c. b has announced an overhaul of the look and feel of its cache. dominant cane

al jazeera berlin, well adopting the euro, did bring big challenges with it. for some e u member states, the problems of one euro's own member also brought the currency almost to a point of crashing down his john sa roblis. with that story from athens. it was a moment of enormous pride, greek prime minister cost assuming this made the country's 1st euro withdrawal from an atm inside the bank of greece, signaling the countries change over from the drachma a decade. long process of lowering budget deficits and double digit inflation had enabled grease to meet eurozone criteria. and the trade off was credibility in international markets. greece could now borrow at 5 percent interest down from 25 percent. but there was a problem, governments over borrowed and largely to buy votes. it financed increase of

government consumption spending. ah, hirings, in the public sector, increases spectacular, in some cases, increases of salaries when the subprime mortgage crisis hit us banks in 2007 lenders began to look more closely at bar. it was balance sheets, especially in the european south. current accounting balances that had been built than the net foreign debt that had been built in the south became unsustainable during the crisis when foreign investors and creditors realized that there was so much debt that had been built, that didn't been possible to service. ah, and that's how credit rates, when very high the spread when they high and, and the government crash shut out of markets. greece was forced to borrow from its eurozone partners on condition that had cut public spending. that brought protesters out on to the streets. they called for greece to default on its loans,

which could have seen the euro come crashing down by encouraging enough traitors to bet against the currency. instead, between 20102018 greece performed the fastest and deepest spending cuts recorded in a developed economy. and also suffered the deepest postwar recession losing a quarter of its g d p. unemployed swords to 28 per cent. all this happens through a political storm in which governments average to 2 years in office. but this instability meant that eventually every major party signed on to austerity. the reason was that even in the depth of the crisis greeks overwhelmingly back to euro's own membership, before the act of a global, yet it was right to stand the euro because we don't have much of a primary sector. we don't produce many things that we import a lot and if we don't have a strong currency to buy, impulse will suffer what's herky suffering right now. it's currency is full against 0 and the u. s. dollar to everything important is expensive. all of the greek

crisis created a new institution. the european stability mechanism set up to lend, to distressed euro's own governments and protect for currency from speculation. and it planted an idea realised during the pandemic crisis of a common euro bond greeks hope. the $750000000000.00 euro resilience and recovery fund will be the 1st step towards a more perfect fiscal union. jobs are hopeless. al jazeera athens. joining us now is jeffrey frankl. he's an economist, and professor at harvard kennedy school at harvard university. he joins us from cambridge, massachusetts, jeffrey franco, welcome to the news are so clearly the euro, not as successful as some were predicting but not as big a failure as some we're hoping. what are its main achievements to you? thank oh i in different areas. it was a national success more so than most economists,

i think are many economists. so we're, we're forecasting in another way. so failures of depends who, who successes seem to dominate. initially. that transition went very smoothly, which wasn't inevitable. the euro instantly became the world's number 2 international currency. other countries wanted to join and still want to join. a large capital flows flowed from the north to that for a free countries. but it was your course for your crisis, which a rapid increase in a true just turned off your correspondence in the beginning, a 2010 that really made the euro look like a mistake to some people. and it seemed to peer out some of the warnings at some skeptics had, had worn down by then in the 3rd stage i had, i think, i know relatively well since i mario draw. he that the governor is central bank, famously in 2012 said in part of that they will do whatever it takes to preserve

the euro. isn't that the point that they've got to always be prepared to do whatever it takes to save the euro? because it's not like the economy of the united states, which clearly obviously gives us the u. s. dollar where by and large and i know this is a sweeping generality of my pop by and large the economies of the individual states . a basically modeled along the same lines, but the euros job, notwithstanding the, the big degree of subsidies that the european union gives to member states. and that kind of skews their economies anyway, literally because it comes down to job creation. on top of that, you cannot or you should not arguably use a currency to try to marry up say the economy of finland with the economy of portugal. well, that's right. i mean 1st on guy dr. east that whatever it takes, let me know that i had a lot. plenty of added leaders had said that over the few previous 2 years, but they didn't have actions to back it up. it was

a very well crafted sentence within our mandate, which made it politically acceptable to germany, just barely do whatever it takes and it will be enough to leave me a feeble for kept what came before and after whatever, whatever it takes. and spreadsheet started coming down right away, but you make a very good point of different states in the us have different economies of different stages. but when he comes call asymmetric shocks or india socratic shocks are more prevalent in europe. i mentioned finland and norway has never contemplated charging the euro and partly because it's economy is so different, so dependent on oil and it's neat so, so, so different give island is an example of a country that was overheating in 2006, 2017 would have tightened monetary policy raced interest rates, depreciates currency, it still had a currency, but it had to put up with the currency the,

with the interest rate that was shut in frankfurt. and conversely, after 2010, ireland, you did it in a lower interest rate. but couldn't, couldn't have it. so, kennedy illustrates and not just for greece. the thing is that the freedom to, to set your monetary policy that countries gave out, was there a points in the run up stay economic bubble bursting o 8 into 9. and that economic convulsion, that we're now discussing, run about 20102011, where the euro could really have taken on the u. s. dollar. and would now be better place to take on the coming economy and the currency of china because that's a thing around the corner. next 3 full 5 years or so. if gordon brown, who was then chancellor at the end of the 19 ninety's, the early 2 thousands hadn't hidden behind. oh, it's all about 5 convergence criteria. and then he decided to be a completely risk of us politician and devolved that administrative decision making power to somebody else. well no

the year did not get close even close to charging the dollar for the number one spot even when it was doing its best way out. showing the. busy other possible rifle, so yeah, and so forth, but was still far behind the dollar by various measures. if international currency, currency use, some talked about the if the us were to abuse it's already privilege, as it's called, or maybe continue to absorb abuse from big data sets and inflate and inflation. which law was the case of the 1970 and perhaps from the chase at some time today. busy and extra territoriality us using the worldwide dominance of the dollar for political purposes. you can see our countries turn, looking around for other for alternatives. and certainly especially china and

russia, but not, not just the euro. you know, if britain had joined and the financial center of the, which i had to the total economic weight of the euro, end of the financial center of london and had been incorporated in it. and if you had had a used at 600000000 privilege, i could just imagine the possibility where some point in the future, the euro might have challenged the dollar. but we're not, we're not in that world. ok, jeffrey frank. many thanks. a pleasure. happy new year. the new year brings with it the world's largest free trade agreement, which has come into force in the asia pacific region. the deal is called the regional comprehensive economic partnership, or r c. e p. at the signed in 2020, it set to ease trade barriers between 15 nations. they include china, japan, south korea, australia, and new zealand, and 10 members of assy and the association of southeast asian nations. the pac aims

to slash 90 percent of tariffs between those countries that trade in the region was $2.00 trillion dollars in 2019 the u. n says the r c e p could boost that figure by 42000000000 dollars that makes it bigger than any other trading block, including the united states, mexico, canada deal, and the european union. let's talk to robert scott, his director of trade and manufacturing policy research of the economic policy institute. he joins us from rockville, maryland at robbins. got welcome to the news our. so if you're running the economy of the united states out of washington, or the economy of the e, you out of brussels slash strasburg, this development with a quite boring name must be quite scary. well, i think it's something to be aware of. i think the issue is, i see it is it to these kinds of deals. and as you say, this is one of the largest

a really trade in investment deals are designed to set rules for the major investors in the region. and of course, in this case, china will dominate the are set, but by far has the biggest economy and the largest amount of investment. and so what china once will dominate this deal. and the other thing we've learned from, from data is that while these deals generate a small increase in income and actually economic terms, the amounts are tiny, less than half of a percent of g d p over 10 years at most. they have a much, much larger impact on the distribution of income. so, and of course, in this case, a power profits rise dramatically. the income, so the wealthy go up, comes to working people, especially in the north fall. so that's a pattern we seen. and after i see expected to be slightly different as ourselves

because of course, china is not seeking to maximize only as profits, but its power and its control, not just over its economy, but over world affairs. and this is the way in which i think our sap is very different from that to. so this seems to be a win win for the powers that be in beijing. is it a win win for those other countries who you seem to be saying? a writing the economic coat tails of the coming power, particularly the coming power, both economic, fiscal and soft, political power. a paging well, i think it's an open question and frankly these countries have little choice. so countries, the other countries and i see on that are they really dominated by china in terms of regional economic footprint. china is increasingly using these countries, malaysia, vietnam, and so forth to get around restrictions on world trade in

2018. donald trump put in place draconian tariffs on all imports from china that went flow directly from china to the united states. us remains the largest consuming market in the world. and. and yet, despite those tariffs, china, so it's global trade surplus increased by 50 percent between 20182021. so it is good to overall goods trade surplus. so china simply moves the ships around as it were, ship the boxes to malaysia, and be at 1st maybe they were transformed and then they again ended up coming to the u. s. so they use this to their own advantage whether it works to the advantage of these other countries. i think it's an open question or they're really taking our phrase, a dragon by the tail here. i think they're going to be careful about the implications for their own economies and their, their future. okay, we must leave it there. robert scott. many thanks. thank you for come here on the

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