the kidney transplant that again was from a kid and so it'll be a but that was an, a patient that was no longer living. they were already declared dead, but they were able to show that it was possible. now we have a charge. so let's see. let's also see how, how much middle suppression the patient needs, because the idea could be that they'll need less drugs to, to reduce the amount of rejection. ah, so this is out there are, these are the top stories and cause it's downs president has announced russian troops will begin pulling out within 48 hours. they were sent to quell violence during protest against the government. more than 160 people have been killed and nearly 10000 detained robin for us. walker has more from tbilisi in georgia. it really seems like it was a symbolic gesture move to have them in there to,

to show that he had the backing of moscow and well, the job is done so as far as he's concerned, they can go home now. and so he said that that process will begin in 2 days and should be completed within 10 days. i think that one of the biggest take homes from the speech in terms of seem showing up his strength and his position in catholic start now, is it he has he has, he's in full control and he's out the big restructuring of the security services from the police to the, to the, to the secret services to the army. and probably putting all of the people loyal to him now in charge. us and russian diplomats have wrapped up the 1st meetings in a week of diplomacy. it seemed that the d escalating attentions on ukraine's border . russia's deputy foreign minister called the discussions complex, mostly once guarantees that nature will not accept any new members. north korea has 5 a suspected ballistic missile based japan and south korea detected a launch on tuesday morning with the projectile landing outside of japan's waters

and north korean leader kim jong has called for military advances the number of people in hospital with cobar 19 in the u. s is expected to get passed last year's record. on monday, the us reported 1350000 current of ours cases. according to italy, from writers, that is the highest ever daily total of any country in the world. the u. n. is launching the largest of a humanitarian appeal for a single country. it needs more than $5000000000.00 in aid for afghanistan. over half the population. that's about 23000000 phase acute 100 president of the european parliament. david certainly has died at the age of 65. he paid in hospitals in december, the 26th, after a serious complication related to his immune system, certainly had been president of the parliament, 2019. yes, they were headlines inside story coming right up. running is one of the most accessible sports in the world else's era correspondent tandy richardson takes us

on his personal journey of discovery when you find yourself out in the middle of nowhere, and the run is hurting. why should not just stop exploring the growing popularity and science? he pushes the limit from kenya to the antarctic. in search of answers to why we run al jazeera correspondence what's behind the rise in so called banded attacks in northern nigeria, gunmen kill at least 200 people, reportedly in retaliation for government airstrikes. can anything stop the cycle of violence? this is inside story. ah

hello and welcome to the program. i'm hammer, jim. jim armed groups have terrorized people in central and northwestern nigeria for years. the so called bandits burned down villages, steel, cattle, and kidnapped people for ransom. attacks are on the rise and the government appears to be struggling to stop them. at least 200 people were killed in some forest ate last tuesday. witnesses say gunman on motor bikes attacked 8 villages. the assault appears to be retaliation for military airstrikes a day. earlier on, the bandits high doubts in nearby forests. separately. security forces in some far i rescued nearly 100 hostages, abducted 3 months ago. the police chief says the operation involved airstrikes and in cabby stayed for the west. 30 students were freed. after 7 months. it's unclear whether ransoms were paid. the violence is rooted in a conflict for land and water between nomadic cattle, herders and farmers who come from different ethnic groups, but criminal gangs have become more involved in the past few years. they've

extorted millions of dollars from kidnappings. some security analysts call it the most lucrative industry. in nigeria. the president has labeled the gangs terrorist organizations. this allows the military to deploy more force, and the government can seek international support to fight the armed groups. ah. all right, let's bring in our guests in our buddha, mike edgy for former director of nigeria states security service in london. billamore mccarty, senior analyst at the tony blair institute for global change. and in coventry ali usa independent research focusing on war and conflict in nigeria. a warm welcome to you all, and thanks for joining us on inside story today. bill, i'm a let me start with you. were these attacks by armed bandits in some forest state in response to the air strikes that were conducted last week by the military, against armed bandits? and that's what the military says and nigeria as president host. it does panic

attack, but this is the line from government when it always the attacks night. this has been denied to port over 5 years. but if you say these were desperate people, well under a serious military attack, they much into quite different villages. i oakridge at 448 hours. i would think if they were desperate they should be throwing out their weapons and hiding themselves not much into religious until in 200 people. and we know that these kids of 200 people is a big number. but the statistics sure that at least 50 people i killed in the northwestern part of nigeria every single week. and this has been the case over the past 1215 months. last year i run in $22.00 into 110000 the dns, where i choose an over 50 percent of them, where today in the north west, and 4 and a half 1000. yes,

that is 4500 people were kidnapped. some of them have been released after they have paid ransom, as have been cute, and some are still in custody. even colleagues of decide you students use it on the top. that were at least yesterday 18 as students consisting of 15 girls and 3 boys. and i still in custody and they have been in costa, you for 7 months now. so i don't think it is a desperate attack. it is not it is tied to your tiny attorney. i taught because they were not attacked by villages. in any case, they were attacked by military debts. i'm a tax on it, our tax on believe these are or do you think, terroristic, attached one in, nor sent nigerians that we should not top retired yet. what he or despite mike the term band. it is used often to describe these armed groups and their members, but i'm wondering if that term is too simple. if that term belies how sophisticated

these criminal gangs are, how powerful they have become. i wonder if you could dissect for audience who exactly are these bandits? i mean, who makes up these groups and how did they emerge? issued the box with the knowledge or do more work. you must novels you drew a go for that there's you by a to at least this is a because so much fear in that for them to do so. all you know, no longer don't move. so i would rather

do this on the us. i think the government is not on. do you recall that a similar us to go so you my right, you abuse or a woman with a a a . i will return it. you know, because you are, you saw from your host or, you know, since,

hello you, you heard mike there talk about the fact that it was just last week that the government has designated officially these armed groups, these bandits as terrorists that the government says that this is going to enable them to go after these groups in a more efficient manner to go after the groups to go after their sympathizers. do you think that's the case? do you think this designation of these groups, these band it as terrorists will actually improve the situation? what i think i calling them to something less actually belated arm from day one. this guy who has tire is the government shouldn't have which a dis long to call them or they are, they have always been terrorist. and let me add to what?

so my colleague make a year for just some of them. ah, what we need to understand about this group of criminals is that some are we need to understand that there are 3 categories of criminals because of fall. ah, the bondage who are political criminals cause you criminal in the sense that are in many of them. ah, i have nothing really to do with from us head as a crisis. there were things that i had been used by politicians and now being don't or for being used as pro exist. this has been confirmed by, by, by even the governor of the states who is for his presently hapless. and he's

seeing that yes, there are strong politicians. why isn't then imagine one of the bringing us to g. he's there is causing a lot of me him in the states where he can be arrested. he is responsible for for 40 killings of over $200.00 people in a boss on the boss do a bench. but she can be arrested. don. this is one set of the creaminess. other set of the criminals is a google for the, the, the, the, the, the head us. now, all these are people that originally had problems with the families. so you can understand that that's a part of the program, cited bitching, look at from a clash between the pharmacy and the headers. and because there was no gov men's intervention at the beginning, that continued on to where we're at to day then day is also a movement of creaminess from the not is who originally where ah, book

a her aunt terry's. and they moved on from the northeast, down to the north, worse because the government strategy of dealing with the terrors in enough west was not properly fil sims. kerce. it in the sense that whereas when you are fighting korean us you have to do would be, it's in such a way that when you despise them, you don't let them. i mean, we fight, thanks. don't let them miss ass. i'll you militia that. i'm sorry, i'm sorry to interrupt you, let me get back to you in just a moment on, on that point that you're making right now. i do have a question about the 1st i want to go to belong because while i'm at you heard, are you there talk about some of the historical roots of the conflict that we're seeing play out in northwestern nigeria, this violence seems to be rooted in conflict for land and water between nomadic cattle, herders and, and farmers. and i want to ask you more about that. if you could walk our viewers

to a bit of the history of this conflict and how it's playing out. and if you think it's only going to be worsening, at least in the short term. yeah, i mean the, the conflict originally started as a farmer, had a crisis and cut to rusty. and that is because there was the competition of us cost with lan source in the northwestern part of nigeria, but also across the country. i remember growing up in the north east with these conflicts. i read in their heads when it is rainy season where you have a had to buy it. but then, like i say in the course of time then can you minutes into incited themselves into the field and they to go with the whole crisis in the north west, especially in the last 10 years or so. i'm what we saw was this growing business of kidnapping food. i'm some and as you sit on the top is the most lucrative industry in nigeria. today it is the biggest business given the largest amount of profit you

can think of. now then, of course, that was in the tradition by book fighters, but that's a b 2 portion of what we are talking about. what we are talking about in the northwest to d. i estimated a group of an estimated 30000, you know, divided by 100 guns. and what they do is to kick not people been down villages and i completely agree with you that that there's a commission is known about you. they should have been designated long ago, but even now that they have been designated, except the government take steps and treat them like it is a problem, have got to be a part of nigeria. mike, are these ed bandits? are these armed groups in any way linked to boca hiram's or has vocal horan infiltrated them in any way? well, it cannot be foolish. stablished with my colleagues, you know,

with the dispassionately boxes, the tendency for them to move to do more with others or. ringback not to talk to you or did you now bargains with the divorce, especially with foresters now more support. i'm her dad. i'm calling because of the russian feed by dishes on the wall. i can get more money to buy it. like you said, you are to see mediocre or these buttons. so the, this is what, this is possibility that those are there for the increase is true. but with this new maslow be this, they did their orders. i to go to go out. i'm sure what to

do so marcy, ali, you, you were speaking moment ago about different criminal elements and how the government is combating them. i. i also want to ask you a little bit about boca her rom in combating boca her rom in going after vocal her rom has the government essentially dropped the ball. busy when it comes to going after other criminal gangs, or other bandits in different parts of the country. well, i don't think really ah, so much we've been don't believe in the case of this, our criminal enough space in the northwest. ah, particularly if you look at what is happening right now in our state of like i mention i have mentioned the case of towards you who is a criminal there. unlike my colleague lama has mission, we have a lot of screaming us there. the most christian business to day in

a year is keep nothing for us. so you can imagine people nigger siege in which criminals every day cameras asking for millions of millions of narrow tu, tu, tu, tu, tu, to release human against under dogman is watching in some trusted alone. they impose taxes on really just people who haven't got money. somebody will have to go out and want to look for money in the c g to current p. creaminess. but government is watching rick. so i, what i'm saying is the government calling them terrors would not change anything or less, the changing our strategy of discriminate yet new. she can just go there and bomb them out from the air. and then without really put in, i'll go. so just to make sure that that whole lease is stage and you have to soon whole lease and stop them from getting out wilma, because what is happening?

go ahead alley, you sorry? yeah. what is happening is that when you want the police on you lives and get house you, i and in the village just more because you are letting them good to come back and i took the villages and then you called and you call that desperate retaliation. no, that shouldn't be happening. mama, let me, let me ask you to pick up on a point that aaliyah was making there. you know, it's been reported that in recent weeks, nigerian military has increased air strikes on forest hide out in parts of csm for a. is there any evidence that they have been effective? i mean, it is true that the nigeria military has increased escalated strikes, but we also know that this criminal up over the years must at the, the, the, at a strikes. and i didn't believe that he has been trying to book what i'm for almost 6 years now. in fact, about 8 years now. but book one of these 2,

a book in the north eastern part of nigeria. and in the north west, we have seen military strikes, for example, in the 1st quarter of last year. that's 2 into $21.00 in calhoun i did than i did a military rent ask for 3 months. and in their honor to put in the government report, they said in the 3 months they did ask for a cute, only 67 criminals, 67 of 30 or 30000 criminals. we know that they are must have it ready as strikes and the military would come and re bombs and then leave the area only for them to get out of the jungles. i talked in austin nigerians and the fact that the military would rows of douglas strikes this night. we have seen in this i thought we are talking about where over 200 people where dude, you know that it is ineffective. you have got to get on the ground as i mean corporation, but also there is need for

a better cooperation between that julia and new jersey public. because we know that when data once not major military on slides, the criminals have found a way of lean that g d s. did you turn into new jersey? probably only for them to return to the military. us finish western, it's a resources. and so it is not effective and you is clear that it hasn't been integrity. mike, from your vantage point, as the former director of nigeria state security service, let me ask you, do you believe that the scope of the military operations as they are playing out now are too narrow and that in order for them to be effective going forward, they really need to widen them out and cover more territory, especially for his territory where these bandits and these armed groups may be hiding out. you know, i think it's good to you so, so you see how it goes to

approach to these are like i say, you don't, you know, monday the boat does it. i think the shells will be spotted on the, on the a will coming off walk, because that's the problem. because b with onto the retreat you a quote for you or i don't know who's so you were a well, what if you, if you use that to use for this war is the want to walk to grandma's, you from a part of the summer alley you how do these various

types of attacks and the types of kidnappings that have been going on? how have they impacted schools and students in different communities and how have these attacks impacted trade routes as well? well, i left, we knew right from the days of vocal her, i'm up until now schools have been the targets. we know schools have been attacked in the past and we know how much schools and presently are being attacked. students get now as we speak. now, there are students, so from our back to school in kaduna that i have been in t v t for probably 3 months going to 4 months or so. there were schools are and the slimy a school which is so that they're just like, kinda got that were taken away and they were in captivity for, for more than 3 months. nobody could even pay the ransom and get them out.

they were there for several months. some of them died there, as, as we speak, there are schools that there are students are from the one a institution, kind of like the name that we're good now i'm done. they were did, they are still there as we speak. so it is a major problem. when you send your children to school, you get worried, what is going to happen to them? they get killed where they get kidnapped. a number of students of the university is on their way to university, on their way to screen university troops of school trips. they gets weighed by the screaming us and taking away a number of times, bombs go off and they get to. and so we remember the story and our deduct your story is what happens in the case of book and, and just not a city. so what i find very difficult to understand is why the screening us

are doing this. i can schools, but then when you look at each booker, i'm really succeeded in for a number of years book or how was trying to write your scribe is name on the world map. it could have sucks it even after been d u and build it. but then it's succeeded easily by getting into the book. so school by i take your school by making schools and students victims. i think that you can easily draw international attention. so school, it's very easy to understand why schools can be affected and in terms of treat economy, i'm not as being affected significantly. ah, business, this have been cripples particularly this time us. unless have is most of the time they will have to pay taxes in cause of their money goes on. then when they can

look at it, when it, if they're unable to pay those taxes, it means the whole of the clubs that have been that i g for have this thing. they get wished it under. that means there is no crops for the next season to being sold and her loan money is wasted. and in business roots are blocked completely. because when you are on the way you try to travel, you get i, you end up in their hands. and these are my people. yeah, this is other you happen to enter all the you. i'm the alice. i'm so sorry to interrupt you. we are starting to run out of time lama. my last question to you. i want to talk for a moment about the survivors of these attacks, of the most recent attack in some flora and previous attacks as well. do we know how many people have been left homeless, or are they able to receive the necessary help? an aid that they need me just how traumatized are these populations by what they've

been through. i mean, the population is highly traumatized and we are talking about children who have spent months of the hands or i behind or or if it in some goes i read in the name or forced marriage and then when they returned back to the communities, there is hardly any social. i'm in psycho social support or mental support that is given to them. we also know that in just once, did some parents did that? about 700000 internally displaced people. and that is no come to shelter them as northwood nor meditation. and so people are just sleeping on the roadside and motto, gotta do, i mean, this is human beings shouldn't be snipping, especially in this by, by to winter. and so you have that, but schools about 500 schools and i now shut down in some kind of days. no primary school was the country school that has opened in the last 5 months. but the same

thing is it is because a schools be shut down and in the north eastern part of nigeria. and so that you didn't children, especially more than that. you didn't, children i left behind when other children across the world. and in that julia, i getting educated, you know, i'm, i'm sorry to interrupt you, but we have run out of time, so we're gonna have to leave the conversation there. thank you so much to all of our guest mike at your for plumber mccarty and alu music. and thank you to for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website al jazeera dot com, and for further discussion, go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ha inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter or handle this at a j inside story for me. mm hm. mm hm. jerome, in the whole team here. bye for now. a. the latest news, as it breaks, a new men's width is added a boy of these giant,

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