is a fossil fuels? will banks ever quit funding policing resources and the pools, thus the town, how a farm is happening to water shortage? counseling recalls on al jazeera, ah ukraine and russia agreed to hold talks of president, whatever, put an order as nuclear forces to be put on high alert. ah, watering, i'll just do my for my headquarters in del hi. i'm getting obligated to also ahead . the russian tanks roll into ukraine's largest city as cookies becomes the latest last point in the fighting the chance for an end to the war 1000 protests in st.

petersburg and other cities across the world against russia. invasion as a waiver for refugees fleeing ukraine continues with the un warning that the work force up to 4000000 people from their homes. ah. so we begin with new development and the post to stop the fighting in ukraine. the ukranian presidential office says it's agreed to hold talks with russia. the discussions are set to take place if the ukrainian bella roost border president villa lensky had earlier rejected the kremlin coal for talks in men's saying, bella ruth, was the staging ground for rushes invasion. or the spite that announcements, russia has put its nuclear deterrence units on high alerts. president vladimir putin says this is because some nato member countries had an aggressive approach towards russia. this lead you to mission is western countries and not only taking

unfriendly actions against our country's economy, but some top officials from nato countries have had aggressive remarks towards russia. that's why i command the minister of defense in chief of staff to put nuclear deterrence forces on high alert. we have under semen delivery, even western ukraine at 1st we'll bring in bernard smith, joining us from moscow 1st on this announcement of the nuclear deter and test significance is all of this bernard during yes, this is explicitly or order period. vladimir putin ordering the deterrents forces on to high alert, and that includes nuclear arms. now, before vladimir putin launched his vet, is invasion of ukraine on thursday. he said that as a warning, he said a response to any country that tried to hinder. our operation would be immediate and carried consequences that you have never encountered in your history. that was

a warning on thursday. and this is clearly a ratcheting up of the pressure from vladimir putin in response. the united states has said to day that this is a part a part of a pattern of, of moscow manufacturing threats or to justify its aggression and nato's secor to general yen starter burke. he said that this is a, this is dangerous rhetoric and bernard, what is moscow saying about the prospect of now holding talks with ukraine at the ukranian, bella russian border? it seems teams from ukraine and russia are in place at this location just inside belarus, across the border from ukraine. russia says the talks haven't started yet. and ukraine says those talks are going to take place without pre conditions and that they're going along to listen to what the russians have to say. it will clearly be

a challenge for both sides to come to any sort of agreement as a minimum on some sort of ceasefire, not least because of the demands. russia has already made clear as the operation of the invasion of ukraine started. those demands were, the vladimir putin said that ukrainian army should itself overthrow the government of vladimir some zalinski. he said it would be easier for you if you were to do that. and russia said it doesn't recognize the government of zalinski as democratic . so we already know what russia's view of the current government of ukraine is, but the 2 tar, the 2 sides. understanding what rushes already said. i've got to try and come to some sort of agreement in these very early talks, but it is at least something that both sides have agreed to talk. okay, thank you so much, bernard smith, giving us 30 update from moscow. let's get more from andrew simmons who's joining us from disease in western ukraine before we get into some of the fighting that's

taking place on the ground. andrew, tell us what you're hearing from the ukranian side on the talks that are now scheduled to take place at some point to be so labor has actually he's the foreign minister has actually outlined in a news conference, what the ukrainian view is to all of this he was surprisingly up beat in his tone, almost posting that. so this was a victory, which is could be an overstatement, we think, but nevertheless, he pushed hard on his point. but as far as he was concerned, russia had setbacks. russia had not gauged what response they get from the ukrainian forces accurately, that there was a big response from the cranium forces and they hadn't advanced as asked as they intended to. however, he said also that there was an assurance that the beller roost military forces will

not be used against ukraine during these talks, which are being held in an unknown location near the pre p at river, which is on the border between bell roost and ukraine. now he did say also that these talks were free of pre conditions, which was also allied to this term victory because russia had been insistent prior to this, a talks had to be in minsk the capital of bell roofs. and the talks had to go ahead after the surrender of ukrainian forces. now there is, isn't any way possible that the ukrainians will accept that at any stage they say they say this is a fight, not only for the life of a nation, but it's independence as well. now as for the nuclear deterrence, well that's just knocked him sideways it figuratively speaking. he is astounded by

it, and he is referred to that monster from 80 years ago, a clear reference to adult hitler in relation to vladimir putin. he is making a connection. so the rhetoric in this conflicts is getting nearly as profound as a sort of weaponry being used by russia. and there is really seems to be no calming down whatsoever in terms of the uh, the, the language being used. busy by both sides and what and terms of the mood right now amongst people are there is a, a cynicism towards what's going on and andrew air as for the campus, i key of what is the latest on the ground there? hey, the latest is that the fighting is going on is continuing but not at the on the scale that it was. busy on the saturday nights that have been reports only

a few minutes ago from the defense ministry of. busy a missile, a thought to be called a large rocket being fired from bella roofs, in the direction of an unknown targets in ukraine. the air raid sirens have been going off again in various cities. of course huck heave is, is, it is a dreadful situation there, but as far as he is concerned, there is a mood of expectation of worse. there is no doubt about that. and as far as the population is concerned, the vast majority of the time people are spending it is beneath the ground in shelters. whether they be the metro stations, or even on the ground car parks no matter what. that's what they're doing. there has been the shooting dead of a journalist in just not far from crimea, a best midway between odessa and crimea. and that has been the targeting of a,

a, a gas supplied plant, just outside the capital. but some generally the, the fighting is continuing right across the country at the same sort of pace. the one thing to note is that, that when you hear the foreign minister saying russia are taking bigger losses that they had had, had feared. it does seem to be the case that the army columns heading from the north, the west and the south are not moving at the speed they'd hoped. and one of the reasons is that the ukrainian forces have been very effective at stopping or slowing down the progress of these columns. for example, in the north to bridges have been blown, and of that it's been very cleverly coordinated. it would theme from all the reports we're hearing. that's a small, effective attack, squads, minute return. but small effective units are targeting the tanks with javelle and

miss solve using stinging missiles to take down some planes. not, not a large amount being taken down, but they are crying out for more money. and that's a key issue because us as a, as a show more, more support. and indeed, countries like poland and others, even germany now are putting their way behind ukraine and ukraine. the ukrainian leadership seems to be a lot more confident now outwardly and in terms of their language than they were before. all right, thank you so much. andrew summons reporting from western ukraine was you've been hearing heavy fighting, discontinue in several ukrainian cities after russian troops stepped up their military advance. me this is a scene in butch, that's an area just outside the capital keys. you can also see the aftermath of the

fighting. this is set to be the wreckage of russian hardware. us intelligence suggests that moscow's forces have been frustrated by the strength of ukraine's resistance. earlier, there were st battles as russian troops entered the northeastern city of car keys. lexi o'brien reports, ukraine's biggest city. now the latest front line and the wall with russia. street vessels began after rush and tanks and troops moved into harkey on sunday. some of their hardware destroyed and fierce fighting people have been told not to leave their homes, but not just because of the military advance. ukraine says russian forces blow out this pipeline nearby. people have been warned to keep inside to protect themselves from the toxic smoke b, u, the blast at the pipeline and hockey happened during

a wave of russian attacks on airfields and oil and gas facilities. analysts say this is a new phase in the invasion. russia's troops are trying to take over the seal key of air base or an oil depos on fire after being hit by russian missile. the site is 40 kilometers from the capitol, keith, so none of us and q sco her mother. you have seen that during the whole day there were attacks from ballistic missiles including to our apple, which we have contained and now they are continuing shelling. but it will be good. the night will not be easy. not here, neither and key if but we will withstand, ah, air raid sirens have been sounding throughout keys. were there been loud explosions? people are crowding into shelters, and metro stations below ground. and the curfews in place until monday morning. fears of an all out assault on the capital, haven't yet materialized. some people are answering a call by president flor to me as a lensky, to take up arms to defend their sissy,

and making petrol bombs. while north of cave crowds gathered to stand in front of russian tanks blocking their progress. but some of moscow's forces are closing in. this is a city on the north western outskirts of ki. russia also maintains its made advances into and around several says he's in the south, it's defense ministry released these pictures of its forces between his own and bury. ask president zalinski, his accused russian forces have deliberately choosing tactics to hurt his people in a conflict that already displaced about half a 1000000. and that number's rising. but at the polish border, a few a heading back into ukraine. nowhere and i'm going to war. i'm going tore, my brother will stay with my mother and my grandmother, and i will go to war with my father. ready to shine in the battle that someone could go on indefinitely. alexia brian al jazeera. before i bring in my guest linux,

guess, let me just tell you about what we're hearing from the rotors whose agency is reporting that the ukranian president of another marine lance. he has said that he is hell talks with the bella russian leader. and these talks a were substances according to him. savanski also said that, alexander lucas shank, assured him that bella russian troops would not move into you. crane. let's not bring an undress online. he's an analyst. the stock home center for eastern european studies at the swedish institute of international affairs. he's also an associate professor political science at the national university of care, more like adams. he's joining us from berlin. welcome to al jazeera. since we've just heard from the ukranian president, let me just get straight into the issue of or the news that talks will now be held between ukraine and russia at the ukranian beller russian border at some point in time. why do you think that's the same answer was made today?

and what is your expectation of these talks? well, as it was previously said in your program, apparently russia would not achieve the immediate agent that it's mainly to decodes the lensky and install a puppet government in, in g of and perhaps now the russia leadership has understood that it has to find some negotiated solution but these are going to be very difficult and negotiations because think of it, the question will be boxed russia will demand for, for a cease fire or a good for all of troops. and how much lensky is able to do, right? but both sides haven't really back down on their initial demand as you're saying. and also russia does not recognize the legitimacy of the let is the lengthy government. is the lengthy government? is it still there? so are you hopeful at all that these talks will lead to any sort of fruition?

i think the longer the fighting law, the higher the russian interest will be to end it because the costs, the political and economic costs of this conflict are high for russia. it's very, very risky step for dean from the beginning. and perhaps you've also been to have, by this time now already ended the whole thing. and now it turns out to be more complicated. so i think, sooner or later the movies meeting. and i hope that at least to cease fire can be achieved. let's turn our attention to keith because i know you have family and friends who are still there currently. what are they telling you about the situation? it's very intense. they are afraid. but you know, they are already writing me that they are tired of being afraid. but, you know, as i would expect also from, you know, knowing what happened for instance,

during the orange revolution or during the year, my don revolution of 2013, 2014 be ukrainians. i'm not going to back down and it's not going to be possible. i think easily to capture a key if it's not going to be possible to install simply a puppet government. even if it was overwhelming force, russia should be able to, to capture a key. for me, the question would be, what comes next? because the population would still resist, right? so i'll put that right back at you. i mean, let's just say that cube is captured by russian forces. what does vladimir putin then do with it? well, that's also the question for me because he cannot, of course, sort of announced somebody here as it's sort of like the punch potentially as a representative. but nobody will follow this person orders and effect that will be resistance. that would be what would be partisan warfare. and i think it has

a very simplified view of ukraine and ukrainians move on. simply follow such a, such a government. so i'm actually, you know, i wonder about what the game from the beginning of this whole operation balls. and we know that the russians are sort of encircling right now, or are your friends and family worried that there will be an all out assault and, and if so, how are they preparing what i hear is that what they are mostly afraid of our air raids airborne attacks and missiles and that is why you see now in the social media, also lots of requests for ukrainians to have a so called low fly zones. and basically what they say, if we can get rid of basically the air air force, the russian air force, and then we'll take care ourselves of the rush ground forces. so

yeah, i mean, as i said, putting 10 perhaps capture t if he can also try to basically bomb ukraine into a capital ation. but then i still wonder what, what happens next. and also the, of course, if he uses on a large steel volume like, like you did in syria, then this would also become eventually a problem for him in russia. where you thank you so much for joining us from berlin and dress. thanks for having. well, let's take a look at who controls what right now in russian troops began attacking ukraine on friday from bella. ruth and the north russia, and the east and crimea, and the south. and here's the full range of rushes, offensive, marked, and red. russian forces also entered from neighboring bella, rooster the area around a tour noble nuclear plant. on the 2nd day of the invasion. it's the site of the

world's worst nuclear disaster. street fighting has broken out in the capital case where people have been urged to take shelter. that despite the fact ukrainian troops blew up several bridges leading into the city to slow the progress of russian armored columns. i'll just heroes, ragna, and d, as in south west russia. that's where large numbers of military con boys have been crossing into ukraine. oh, not the situation here on the russian ukrainian border is relatively calm. we're here about 15 kilometers away from the ukranian border and around 50 kilometers away from harkey city. this area was the scene of big military movement yesterday where a huge number of military convoys including armored vehicles, tanks, miss, all carriers, and a lot of other military equipment were moving towards the ukraine border. some of these convoys have moved towards the south, probably to go laser to the don wasik area. some other convoys took the road behind

me and went to probably directly to harkey city. according to the information we have, the city of harkey has witnessed fierce bottles with ukrainian forces. the russian ministry of defense have announced that around 500 ukrainian soldiers from the air defense units have surrendered to day to the russian forces. now harkey is the 2nd largest city in ukraine and it has a big economic importance because it's the industrial center of the country are key from 90902934. it was also the capital of ukraine during the former soviet union era, and it will mean a lot to the russians if they manage to control the city. some professors in russia have been arrested as demonstrators called on moscow to stop its attack on ukraine . they rallied in st. petersburg where police tried to break up the crowd. this is the 2nd day a protest has been held in this city against the military campaign. demonstrations were also held in other cities including moscow, the coverage of the russian journalists, and she says,

around half of russians are concerned about nato and america. but only a minority view ukraine in the same way. they didn't warm us up for this war at all . like we, we've been hearing on the news, not that this is all kind of western mongering that ideas. i rushing and they then suddenly they use the same. you get done. i was talking about the right, the not cation of, of you, friend, whatever that mean. people are getting very messages on the kremlin and there was also by divider which isn't just before the shooting began, which said that over half of around russian believes that merrick but only 14 percent of,

of russian playing ukraine itself. so we're going to have to be doing some serious mental gymnastics if we want to justify that somehow made up. so it's got the kremlin spokesman. so his daughter posted on the war on her story and believe it shortly afterwards. so i think it's fair to say there's probably some discomfort and in the ranks, but how much of it and whether they have any influence icon. protests have also been held in other parts around the world. tens of thousands of people gathered in germany capital to denounce russia's invasion demonstrations of also been held in other european cities, including london, milan, and athens. while the german chancellor, all i've sold says he supports further sanctions on russia's leaders. he was addressing parliament on the crisis,

and ukraine terrified the sanctions package against russia as unprecedented. preaching will not change his actions overnight. the very thing the russian leadership will, through the high price they will pay sanctions, do work. its financial sector has been hit hard in recent days. it was not the russian people who decided to start a war. dominey cane is our correspondence in berlin, and he has more on that speech by all, i've shown a very important speech by the german chancellor. effectively ripping up the playbook of successive governments since the end of the cold war, prioritizing the defense budget, and in what may be seen to american ears as perhaps music to their ears. saying that the german government is going to meet that commitment, that angler merkel sighted up to 2014 at the nato summit in wales in the u. k. that 2 percent of the budget being spent on defense for mr. shots. and he said this and there was widespread applause from one to start from the lower house upon when he

said it, we are going to meet that commitment. he said, so a clear change of policy. that's a social democrat chancellor. effectively telling his parliament they're going to be spending a great deal of money. effectively, rearming, that is the significance of this. and they are signing up and meeting their nato commitment that they've had for the best part of 8 years. and saying that germany is going to defend every square meter of may. so territory. one other thing that we now know the german government says that as of $1500.00 central european time, that's in just over 2 and a half hours, no more russian airplanes will be able to fly in german asked space. so a very clear statement of intent from the german chancellor. the german government in the parliament behind me gladly addressed as a former minister of finance in ukraine. she says, sanctions are

a small step in the right direction. sanctions are not deep enough, not wide enough, not broad enough. we need to completely, with all transactions, sanction the central bank of russia, not only in part. we need to completely sanction all of the state banks, not selective banks, not with car routes. and we need to make these sanctions effective today couldn't is targeting orphanages. kindergartens. children are dying innocent civilians are dying. this is an illegal war with no provocation. it is illegal under the un charter under the geneva convention under the helsinki accords, and there is no cost greater than the cost of the brain, and people are paying today to defend their peaceful home $1.00 to defend peace in europe. and franklin speaking to defend freedom worldwide. i don't believe boots on the ground are necessary at this point. the ukrainians are very capable and have shown themselves as amazing resilient fighters. but we do need to provide them massive military support. there is

a corridor through through europe to provide that support, ammunition, javelin, stingers, help them help themselves. and beyond that, we need to stop financing the aggressor. the west trades about possibly $800000000.00 a day by $800000000.00 a day in imports. from russia, we need to boycott all russian products. we need to stop trading with the aggressor . thousands of people have fled the fighting in ukraine. the un refugee agency says 368000 of left the country, and that number is rising. more than 100000 have gone to neighboring poland. warsaw is expecting as many as 5000000 people in the weeks ahead. but crowds, checkpoints are so large, it could take people days to be processed. he fella where the men diva, though she make war, forget humanity. they do not think of the people. they do not look at the real life of people, but they put parties on interests and power before everything they trust in the diabolic and perverse logic of weapons, which is the most distant from the will of god and distant from the common people

who want peace i am thinking of the elderly, of those who are seeking refuge in these hours of mothers fleeing with their children. oh, they are brothers and sisters, for whom it is urgent to open humanitarian corridors on who must be welcomed. my heart is broken by what is happening in ukraine, but let us not forget the wars in other parts of the world, such as yemen, syria and ethiopia. i repeat, put down your weapons, lattice salt marshes, the head of news and media at the united nations high commissioner for refugees. he says, ukraine's neighbors must brace for what could be an exodus of hundreds of thousands of people in the coming days. there will be huge backlogs, huge tail backs. there's a lot of chaos. those border areas. so processing him quickly is extremely difficult. we would of course tank those neighboring countries, particularly poland. most of us back here, romania hungry that have stepped up. they've kept at board is open during the

initial reception and the initial registration. it is very difficult and it is going to take time to, to process these kinds of numbers. the reports that we were getting in the 1st day suggested that you were initially crossing, i have had a better means to do so. they might have had networks in europe as you know, there's a significant d for population of ukrainians in europe to came poland, but also in other countries. i think as the days roll on, the complexion is a little bit different and you're seeing people with few amine really just desperately trying to get across the borders. but it's not always easy. not everyone can get out and not everyone wants to get out. some people might have reasons to say they will stay home, they will try and stay safe, cause it's extremely difficult to do so. and we don't actually have proper numbers at this stage because of the chaos on the internal displacement. in other words, the numbers were black within the country. initially we were saying some $100000.00,

but it will be much higher. so there's an important work that has to be done to help those inside the country. and off off of that, they ready to deploy as soon as it's safe to do so, some of them have been able to go out. i've been pulling together stocks, making sure things are in place, and when it is safe to do so, they will go out and they'll start to monitor and they'll start to take assistance to those people within the country who have huge needs as well. ah, hello again. the headlines on algebra 0. the reuters news agency is reporting that ukraine's president is hell talk. so the baller russian leader valadez lensky, says alexander lucas. shank assured him that by the russian troops would not move into ukraine. meanwhile, ukraine has a great hole, talks with russian officials at the bell or russian border. this is russia's president.