to from february 15th, until august 15th this year. for more information go to w, w, w dot h t a dot q a slash e m. ah ah . hello and learn taylor london, top stories on how to 0. some of the hundreds of thousands of civilians trapped in the ukrainian city of mario po, appear to be getting out. finally, after more than 2 weeks of relentless bombing by russian forces. a 160 private cars have left a besieged city. but aid has not been able to reach maria po with claims that russian convoys a blocking it or the 400000 people are trapped facing extreme. or even total shortage is a food water and medicines. i said bag, as in denice pro, with more of those evacuations from my uncle, the 160 private cause,

have been alive to need to russian held territory, but we also understand that they will go further than that to satisfy his efforts. sir rich is ukrainian, held neither from the russian defense mincie. what we're hearing is that the city, from their perspective, the city has been unblocked. the aid has been delivered some 450 tons of medical aid and other items. and they've also said that there are $200.00 buses, a convert to 100 buses, 50 of which have already arrived. that's what the russians are saying. they've also said that the tension monitoring corridors that were proposed, the keep only agreed to 3 of them are now in the ukranian deputy prime minister has said that they're still trying to get humanitarian aid to marry a pole and that russian shelling is preventing that from getting there, but never kanadi said that to monitor and codle to a lot of people to leave, to russian hill territory and then to refrain in hell territory that sci fi is being observed. and this is a bit of a breakthrough because after a week and

a half of trying to get a dean to trying to get people evacuated from the city. this seems to be a breakdown. people are now being allowed to leave. russian artillery has hit a 9 story apartment block and keep despite moscow, insisting that it's only targeting military sites. i've been to other strikes on the capital m and con reports from keith. just after 11 am local time people and keep her to loud bangs as ukrainian defense systems shot down russian missiles. fragments of the missile landing captured on security camera narrowly missing some on on them mid morning walk. it followed an attack and the early hours of monday, when what is thought to be an artillery shell hit this residential apartment in the north. the capitol rescue. f, as, as you can say, are still going on. the civil brigade say the police, the fire service are still looking through the building,

trying to see if there's anybody else trapped inside. so to see there are any more bodies inside. but the overwhelming sense is that this is a civilian building. there is, there is nothing more that you can say about that. look at it. it's a residential book. the problem maxim carries what little he has left from the building on the roster. no rel mama was, i woke up actually my mom woke me up with him, there was smoke and us everywhere we had in the closet. and when we thought that we were being captured, that the russians were getting and through the door. and i wish the one resident had very strong words for the russian president and owner to water who all b. it is a city. he is just a jerk, a total jerk. i've got nothing else to say. oh, you see i've got my no words to describe it for player. there were from well anyway, there's more fighting on the front lines of boucher and a pain between russian and ukrainian voices. but the war coming in to keep,

although expected is unnerving for many here ukrainians. wonder whether this is a one off or a sign of what's to come in the battle for the capitol m. ron con, our desert north cave. russia has denied asking china for military assistance in ukraine, and the kremlin says it has enough resources for its campaign. russia has accused the u. s. and e, you are trying to provoke russian troops into attacking major population centers. last he wore protested, has interrupted the main news program on russia's channel one, which with a banner that called on views, not to believe the propaganda and stop the war and ukraine. broadcast then cut away from the demonstration. the task news agencies reporting the channel is undertaking an internal review into the incident as the top stories to stay with the script, toppia is up next life now. with

i stayed 70 years ago, i made a film about the history of money banking and bitcoin. what was going on, buckle up. we said it's going to be a bumpy ride. and now some of the big brains and big egos who championed crypto currency claim, they are building a crypto utopia. magical things will happen. it's something called block chain technology. and it just my change your life and they really could complete with, if not even take down the facebook and google's in the amazon. my name is tossed and huffman and i'm going to put some of these claims to the test. forget all the hype will explore the true potential of this new invention seat was already using it, making it really easy and see all the paper and a piece of us all of our

a lisa. and go deep into a secret bunker that holds billions in bitcoin, but they are those who want to kill it. join with me and introducing a bill to outlaw crypto currency, so that we nip this in the bud or change the world with it. well come to ground 0 in the battle for the future of the internet. web 3 point. oh, they wanted a science fiction dream. what they actually did was builds forthcoming disaster while people were not willing to learn after not willing to admit they were wrong. wrong telling me that i have no clue says that's just what you don't support free speech. you don't support bitcoin, you're an enemy of it. this is bigger than the internet, the iron edge, the renaissance, the industrial revolution. this affects the entire world. okay,

let's start slowly with the basics of money and it's creation. the total value of all the world's money is about $120.00 trillion dollars, which you probably didn't know is that each new dollar is created by governments and banks as debt. which needs to be paid back by someone in the future with interest. that's why there isn't enough money in the world to repay all that debt. and there never will be. oh, and almost all of the world's money is already digital. just entries in a letter, usually managed by a bank. only a small portion exists as physical currency, like cash or coins. think of it this way. your employer deposits a $1000.00 into your bank account. then you pay $200.00 in taxes, $500.00 for rent, $200.00 for bills and shopping and so forth. whether use credit cards, debit cards,

paypal or bank transfers. they're all just pluses and minuses and different digital letters. that's why there's almost no need for physical money in our daily lives. during the financial crisis in 2008, i'm a students figure cold. so tashina, komodo published this 9 page white paper. it said with bit coins, open source software. we can credo or money without banks or governments. ah, this new nerd money called crypto currency is created and stored in computers. and before long there was a growing fan club, mostly guys like roger via today, he's a polarizing figure, but big then he gave away thousands of coins to kick start the movement and they all called him bitcoin. jesus. i think that for many years he brought more people to bid going than anyone ends. and we will for re grateful to him for doing that. when i was a kid, i was reading all the science fiction books. they were talking about how the world

is going to be when we have this, like anonymous digital cache that people can use on the internet. it's not controllable by anybody. and then when bitcoin came along, it was like, wow, the science fiction money there. i've been reading about as a kid is finally here, so i got so excited about it. i heard about it about 10 in the morning and i was planning to go to work then that day, but i didn't. i stayed home the entire day reading about it didn't leave. i stayed up all night that night reading about a date up all night. the next night he went deep down that rabbit holding on to the point of physical exhaustion office. i called a friend of mine that please help me. i'm so sick. can you bring me to the hospital? yeah, roger that bid bad by the bitcoin bug, like so many others who follow truly. one of the most exciting inventions ever in the entire history of humankind. but how does it work? when my friends ask me to explain? well, i often start with this analogy. you mentioned a bank vault where you have a safety deposit box. your key opens one of the boxes where you can securely store

physical valuables, like gold coins. in did coin, there are digital keys. think of them as very long passwords. your private key gives you access to a wallet, which unlocks billions of unique decoy addresses. each one is a virtual safety deposit box that only you can open with your key. and there are more addresses in this virtual vault than adams in the universe. the doors to these boxes are transparent. you can see inside them. here's one with digital money point 21 bit coins, sending them from one box to another is what's called a big coin transaction. we'll explain that later. but for now, just remember that these digital coins can only exist inside these transparent address. boxes can't be copied and can't ever leave the vault. and this vault is owned by no single entity. you don't need permission from a government, a bank, or a corporation to use it.

ah, foremost early adopters of the coin, it was all about global peer to peer electronic cash room. 77 in berlin was one of the very 1st businesses to accept bit coins as payment for physical things. b as in bogus backing. 2011. there were no mobile wallets, right? so you had to go there, bring your laptop type in this long address. you risk losing the money if you didn't type it correctly. so the 1st guy who built the money by law was some guy in berlin, who built it in order to buy his beer with his phone instead of his computer. my problem with banks is different. why can't they sent money overnight on a weekend? after all, it's updating digital lungess, right? just moving data, we can send pictures or videos to any one on the planet almost instantly and for free. we live in the h of the internet,

but the bank seemed to be stuck in the past century. so what if though slow and expensive middleman with our multiple ledges could be replaced by a giant data place synchronized over the internet? that's the big idea behind bitcoin, and it's run by a decentralized global network of powerful computers and regular laptops. this immutability is the 1st rule of big coin. it means no one can ever change was once recorded in the block chain, or spend the same coin twice. that's also called censorship resistance, and it's critical to bitcoin being used as real money award winning journalist laura, she tells me a story about women bloggers and canister and being paid in bitcoin and that one of the women that hadn't abusive husband and saved up her big coins and eventually was able to divorce him because she was able to control her money when she earned the big coins. in my 1st film, the early adopters said that this kind of financial freedom for every one was just

around the corner, the world's most populous network. is adopting bitcoin. that's the internet. the world's largest economy is adopting bitcoin. that's the internet. we have transcended borders. it's totally file is electronic cache. david gerard doesn't buy all the height. he's one of the most outspoken critics and skeptics of block chain technology. it's not very good as a payment system. there's a small claimant use case if you want to trade in things, the government doesn't want to trade in that david polite way of saying illegal stuff. in 2011, most of my partner colleagues were saying 3 whether the drugs pornography on the silk road was a black market on the dark weapon where buyers and sellers use big coins to fly under the radar of the authorities. it had 1000000 uses until the f b. i showed up and shut it down. they caught this guy for running it and

confiscated the coins held an escrow by snatching his computer and then they locked him away for life. no doubt crypto currencies can be a tool for criminal activity, but so on dollar bills or the banking system. and let's not forget, the block chain is a public ledger. it's actually been quite useful for uncovering crimes, a former federal prosecutor name, catherine hon. she was the one who discovered that there were a couple of federal agents that were pilfering in big coins, that the government had obtained from the cell grow case for their own gain. and what was interesting was she got a tip that there might be $11.00 agent that was doing this. but from looking at the movements on the branching itself, she realized that there were 2 people. the prosecutor could see those big coins being moved. and when the dirty cops tried to sell them for dollars, they got busted. while they saw the technology provides anonymity,

it actually enabled uncovering their crime. but what makes big coins worth stealing? why do they have value at all? let's go back to where big coins are stored in transparent digital deposit boxes, protected by strong cryptography. they can never be copied or leave the vault because any transaction of any bitcoin down to a 100000000 fraction is recorded in the block chain for eternity. this synchronized global letter is shared among thousands of computers worldwide. that's why it can't be compromised or altered. think about that. we can make an infinite number of perfect digital copies of the movie, a song, any file. but for the 1st time in history, this distributed record keeping allows us to have a truly unique and fungible digital object that is also scarce. if you could count all of these virtual coins, you find about 18000000 of them today. when

the cap of 21000000 is reached, the protocol stops the network from creating anymore. it's the opposite of our traditional money supply, which keeps growing and growing an unlimited amount of dollars versus a very limited supply of bit coins. you do the math. if you use euro's all dollars, you might not care about a little invasion per year. but if you can see isn't stable, you might be a trillion and paper and be dead broke. i grew up in but i wanna in the same part of argentine and my parents are she branches there and i remember growing up in my childhood. so my parents lose everything 3 times 1st because of a huge the valuation them because of hyperinflation. and the last time because the government confiscated all of bunker boss it, i think that they, there are billions of people at least 4000000000 people who would be

a lot better off by having access to a form of money that is non political and, and more than mccracken, we think of finance, we think of banking, we think of money in terms of the experience and perspective of a western european or developed nation person. and that is really just a 1000000000 and a half people who have a very privileged financial life. what about the other 6000000000? every single country that is free has essentially a legal status for crypto currency that is very open and permissive. and every single country that is unfree has restrictive or band crypto currency status. this is the berlin wall. still a powerful symbol of a government trying to control it citizens. and that brings us to the big question . can governmental bangs, ban bitcoin? well, some politicians still think they can stop open source software. i looked for colleagues

to join with me and introducing a bill to outlaw crypto currency purchases by americans, so that we nip this in the bud in part because not oh, awful lot of our international power comes from the fact that the dollar is the standard unit of international finance and transactions clearing through the new york fed is critical for major oil, oil and other transactions. and it is that the announced purpose of the supporters of crypto currency to take that power away from us for, for currency represents a litmus test for governments. it reveals how much your government believes in a, in the fundamental freedoms and, and human rights. because if they don't trust their own citizens to have control over their own money, that's a lot about the government has very little about crypto cards. you see the reason

why some governments and most banks are threatened by this technology is simple. your private key and your wallet can replace your bank account. the network is run by software in its currencies, made and maintained by computing, power, and electricity. it can't be manipulated by central bankers, wall street lobbyists, all politicians, but with new freedom comes new responsibility. so if you control with keys, it's your little boy. if you don't want for all the keys, it's not your bitcoin. your keys dropping quite natural, keith boucher big boy. your keys, your big boy. ne. not kirby quite got that. if you lose your key, you will never be able to access your coins again. and if someone hex, your computer where you store those passwords, your coins will be stolen in a 2nd. and remember how, whence as a family had them money stolen by the own government?

well, maybe that's why he built the fort knox of bitcoin security. it's apple. most of our 7000000 customers are in emerging market. in countries where there's a problem with a currency, we have explosions in activity like venezuela rine, our therapy, and we develop the system of vault. will we have 5 private keys for each one of our begin addresses. we keep those private keys in an offline sir that has never been on line will not be on line. it's inside the vault the world. it's inside a bunker, usually deep underground. our main one is in switzerland near the commission, military bunker. i just had to see it for myself, even though it took months for us to get cleared for a tour. we were met by christopher smart, a former military commander who runs the place. and their representative from sample kristof said the gods would rather shoot us than show us around. i

hope he was kidding. they need to bring in the material 3 other side of the personal log. first up, one more check of our i. d 's, a pet down for weapons or any other monkey business and gear inspection. even the boss was searched. it took nearly an hour to get my team through security, but it was worth it. no other film crew has been allowed access. we are the largest custodian fit going in the world because a lot of the largest holders in the world use us or security rumor has it that 10 percent of all bit clients are stored here and in there for other secret locations . unfortunately, i can't confirm any of those numbers from the mountain the we are getting a lot of benefits by earthquake proof flooding proof.

but on the other side, you're facing a lot of additional costs, like maintaining 7 independent back up power supplies. the labyrinth of tunnels deep into the mountain is interrupted by nuclear, great dos. it's a level security apply to all of the data crystal protects here. not just for example, we cannot talk too much about it because it's a privacy quite to what is down where are we allowed to film? they're mel the doors that remain shut and security measures we weren't allowed to see. and some of those checks may be biometric, including the i kind of finger prints can and the fingerprint scanner. also make sure that you are alive, that you the cut someone's finger and you're just using it to open the gate. so you might have a direct

these on samples or actual service, but if you've ever wondered what triple currency thieves dream about it sitting somewhere down here unplugged from the internet. but there is absolutely no way here a way to attack the use of the cold storage side. but here's my question. why do i need the cold offline service to be inside them out and kinda be in my basement while the surveys and it still can be sold, right? so, so this isn't like money is data. yeah. it's been invite, but it is money. a lot of money, and this is why this is more a bank than, than a day. but let's do a quick recap. we now have billions of dollars worth of data secured and digital banks deep inside secret military bankers. if you don't think bitcoin is already

changing the world's concept of money, you haven't been paying attention. remember, mervin, he used to be a senior executive, deutsche bank. his colleagues, one said bitcoin was for lawbreakers and troublemakers. he now runs a crooked to fund out of malta. our research shows that the crypto markets are gonna probably be worth about $8.00 trillion in 2027, which is a 50 x. um today. exactly. most financial analysts say you better stick to your chance and bonds and dollars bitcoin is dangerous nonsense. far too risky as investing to others. bitcoin is an escape hatch that will take them away from risk and insurance against the financial doomsday away out of the debt crisis. negative interest rates, trade was an economic downturn. they say it's an anti fragile asset uncorrelated to financial markets. so how about the general public in america,

the younger generation already starts to trust this new asset class. and when success, bitcoin may reach a $1000000.00 a coin, i would say the biggest financial mistake you can make right now is to own an amount of bit going that you cannot afford to lose because it's super risky. you may lose. the 2nd biggest financial mistake you can make is not to own any because you put one percent of your net worth in bid going. most people can afford to lose one percent of the net worth. and if i am right, it's gonna be more than a 100 percent of your net worth. so with a non material exposure, you change your life. now what you would spend with your on a romantic weekend with your wife, say, sorry, we're not going to go out this weekend. one is, is by bit going, consider it, spend it disappear, check in 7 years. i either gave you by the advice and cost your weekend or i want a grandkids call one seat. ah. but what you fail to mention is that the

currency, the micra transaction, all of that is in railroad. right? meaning all of the critical currencies are wait, the wallet that for anyone to take them seriously. hold on. let's go back to where we started. bitcoin was straight as peer to peer electronic cache. that was the killer of payment directly from you to me, from me to the coffee. so i have bought a bag of coffee for 2 bitcoin in 2012, which to day cost me $12000.00 in today's money. that is a deflationary a fact, as long as bitcoin keeps doing sudden and increases in prices, that's going to stop retail youth in its tracks. will bitcoin, you can send $1.00 or $1000000.00 worth of value anywhere in the world. you can do it for free, you know, one philosophy could be described as the coin is digital goals. and the other philosophy can be described as bitcoin, as digital cash. bitcoin wanted ok. we've already met the digital gold camp who

opposes any changes to the protocol despite the high fees, roger represents the other side of the debate. they wanted a system upgrade. the solution is easy, it just increased the size of the blocks from one to 248 megabytes. so that more transactions fit into them. this will lower the fees, and people will start using bitcoin as cash again. but most of the community disagreed. so bitcoin, jesus had become bitcoin, judas, and there was a split into 2 separate bit coins. every revolution is followed by the counter revolution, which is usually a purge of the original revolutionaries. when i 1st started covering the space, every one was united in the struggle against the establishment. now, the industry has grown so much that they are competing parties, propaganda machines, conspiracy theories looks a lot like politics. the biggest fight within the bitcoin ecosystem is over at the moment, is who has the right to the name bitcoin. but at the end of the day,

i think the version of bitcoin described in the big one white paper has the strongest claim to the name bitcoin than anything else. and that's pickling cash. i think it's, if you want to say that in causing people to, to buy, they can cash when they actually want. if i pick coin they as a does guns a be cashed. thing is from issue shalicia and fox and been told the omnia clinical d for the english. why the doctor does he call them bitcoin? be cash. cough tom depression, he had some of his, she had her energy. nuclear doesn't. you're faced a bit coins could call them coming up the block chain explained and predicting the future of the internet with oh, like, present culture of who i am and what i want people to remember me by markson is my get out take. it is not that you just want to give the people around like,

got away from gerald. a story about my life is going to take 50 future to do a don't so bad with you. deep award winning documentary witness on out his era. oh, man has a rich history, but also plays an important role in the gulf region today. out there well discovers it's empire stretched from the arabian peninsula to east africa, built on great sea power. the problem that existed in the gulf was piracy. tribes was rebellion, empire, and colonization. oman, history, power and influence on al jazeera, got on one of the fastest growing nations in the world. news wanted needed to oakland and development school international shipping company to become

a p middle east and we'll try them money skillfully enough. 3 key areas of development who filling up from it. so connecting the world, connecting the future. ronnie, cost cutters, gateway to whoa trade. oh, the owner and taylor in yonder with a top stories, you'll notice here some of the hundreds and thousands of civilians trapped in the ukrainian city of merrier poll appear to be getting out finally optimal in 2 weeks of relentless bombing by russian forces. 160 private cars have left the besieged city, but age has not been able to reach marian po with claims that russian convoys a blocking it wasn't 400000 people are trapped facing extreme or even total shortages of food, water, and medicines. ukraine officials say at least 2 and a half 1000 people have been killed. a russian air strike on

a television tower and west and ukraine is killed. at least 9 people. 2 rockets hit a building at the base of the tower in an appeal in the river district. the cooler 40 se around 50 people were in the building. with as many as 20 tract under rubble . several rush strikes have targeted to ukraine's capital cave. at least 3 people were killed, including 2 who died when a 9 story residential building was struck. for spite moscow insisting that it's only focusing on military sites. ukraine's president wrote him, is lensky says, russia is trying to destroy his country, but ukrainian troops will not back down. he can deal with them. are armed forces are brave and creative, we are causing losses to the enemy. they don't know where to find help for themselves. it is miserable, pathetic that they were preparing for this for many years to subordinate us to destroy our country. this is why we need to hold to fight to win, in order to come to peace, which we deserve to develop. russia has denied asking china for military assistance

in ukraine. the criminal says it has enough resources for its campaign. russia has accused the u. s. and d. u. of trying to prevent russian troops into attacking major population centers. phones biggest cities are struggling to accommodate the number of refugees escaping the war in ukraine. a mess of warsaw and crack off say the city services are overwhelmed and they need more support from the european union. and the united nations. and an anti war protests has interrupted the main news program on russia's channel, one with a banner that called on view is to not believe the propaganda and the war and ukraine costs. then cut away from the demonstration. the task news agency is revolt . a channel is undertaking an internal review into the institute for those, but also if you stay with us crypto p continues next live i know,

i know you want to find out what any of this has to do with this new crypto p. revolutionary internet will get that promise, but 1st we need to go from bit coins, original block chain to hundreds of block chains, back in 2011 when john lee was a google engineer, he wanted to foster and lighter version of social crypto currency. and was one of the 1st to experiment with the open source software. the actual quoting terms of the code differences between the clan, my claim was actually pretty trivial. and what, what does that mean in time? like, i would say like, $44.00 or 5 hours. light clean was one of the 1st alternative trip to currencies or all points. some of the early adopters, like charlie made fortunes. soon there were hundreds of coins made by cryptographers, copy cats and con men. as a coin for bloggers, a currency for online gamers, one with anonymity and even one for bangs. but can this invention and lease

something even more powerful than digital currencies. back in 2014, i met the kid who knew how to do it. i live, it's alex varnerin, co founder of bic, when magazine, founder of a theory, and just general quint crypto currency advocate. just 19 years old vitale was on a mission to make money programmable. he build a separate block chain, called the theory, him its own currency called either comparison. might they be quiz like a spreadsheet and is here him is like a spreadsheet with macros. using analogy serial allows you to store crypt currency and computer code in the same secure box. here's how a smart contract might work in the price. let's say i bet charlie that a light coin will be worth $200.00 on january 1st of next year. we each put an ether into a box along with a smart contract, a simple program that automatically checks the price of light coins on that future

date. if i'm right, the money goes to me. if i'm wrong, it said to charlie as mart contractors, neither smart nor contract. it's a dumb program. and it, once you understand the all it is, is a program that clarifies a lot of stuff and the word contract there is in the meaning of finance. most financial arrangements are pretty simple and clear. cut a bad with charlie. your home loan and insurance policy. just 2 parties and some form of exchange of value based on a set of rules called a contract. the same is true for global financial markets. think bonds futures derivatives, credit default swaps. they're all just contracts, and the world economy runs on them using middle men who all charge high fees. proponents say that if we used smart contracts, we could tell the bankers lawyers escrow agents and wall street finance guys to take a hike. so we're, we're doing is we're saying we have this

a theorem network inside the room network. there's this asset called ether, and we're actually going to be selling user. we're going to be selling either at a rate of 1000 to 2000 either for one bit calling. and that's how we're going to raise money. it worked, botanic figured out a way to fund this year and project, and it made his investors very rich. this new model for fundraising soon had a name, an initial coin offering, or i c o. i b as an i c o sound similar, but they have, they're not things similar. the only thing similar about them is they help you raise money. i fios, you don't do until you have a company until you have revenue and you have users and you actually prove to the public investors. and this is a valuable company that's worth investing and it's worth buying their stock. i seos, it's pre product. you have maybe a couple of people on the team, it's just a white paper. and so people are just buying into trust into faith that this is

something that will exist. the goal here is like, ultimately i like to say 8 year olds building their own financial systems. yeah, but what if some of these a deals are also scam us? so let's say i'm trying to do it. i feel, and i curtis my contract where i create a 1000000 coins. and one of the transactions is that if you send me $100.00, i will send you that many worth of points. it was a man gold rush, the people realized, wow if, if i can just pull up pull together project in a white paper, i can raise money like a lot of money. one project race $150000000.00 in 3 hours. and another one collective 35000000 in under 30 seconds. some people hawking new coins didn't actually exist. this handsome chap is the graphic designer of a book area and i feel, actually they just posted a photo of ryan bossing, another project, race millionth, annisa, and then vanished,

leaving investors with this website. look close. that's nice. i would say about 2 to 5 percent of the 1000 devices that are happening are actually legit and the rest is pretty gammy or it's not going to work. can you define for me what a coin is? i think it's just a derogatory term. people use on coins that they don't like for the climax was able on the care about the client. everything else is claim sure. there are tons of useless projects that will never work. but maybe i was a bit too hard on. i see else democratizing start of finance can be a good thing. they've also many legit companies raising capital over the years i've met many founders who have real offices with real people trying to solve real problems. but to bit point maxim list of a block chains, i fios i e o s t o smart contracts on the theorem. that's all just

a waste of time. very small, got staff, st. drown in your health care industry and the automobile is coffee is what you're saying is a maximum. this point of view you are speaking about from a perspective of, of a cult. oh, my problem is that you hijacking the movement of a technology that is far greater and has far more potential than just these individuals. there's all of the different things that you could use blocks in for, right? and so people have almost like different ecosystems. and then when you see it's almost like an illusion. airy process right where the block chains fork and they have the same as histories but a dock to different environments and recede is like ever increasing level of diversity. a number of block change here that there's like one block chain going to be one blocks and it's going to be fit for everything. it is almost like,

disregarding the nature of evolution. meanwhile, the big corporations happen starting crypt currency. and they think that the kinds underlying database is where the magic is, the more on the bathrooms, the block chain not been quite back in germany. my friend oliver keeps tabs on the men in suits. he used to be one of them. i live on the name and diesel up to me taking off the bus, besides by the court and auto asked alon by being vague this on a b m. w is looking at using the block chain for the future fleet of electric cars to interact with public transport. lufthansa wants to see if the block chain can better track parts and maintenance and dodge telecom, using smart contracts to negotiate terrace for roaming costs. with other telecoms, if we can store traits, certificates, and shipping documents on the block chain,

you can check to see where those organic of carlos really came from for grew them for pack them and ship them. you might wonder, what's the point of a block chain if it's controlled by a company? well, i compare it to the open internet versus company owned internet's. they both exist . meanwhile, facebook announced the crypto currency for the 2000000000 users. such a system might be more efficient than a public doc chain for this. a downside. some governments banded within weeks. right now the way it is a paper that's being shifted around that doesn't make any sense that infrastructure needs to be or why occupying wall street when we can build a new one on the block chain instead in the future of the centralized finance stock certificate. corporate bonds, insurance policies, property, deets, mortgages, all can be turned into crypto tokens and may tradable 247

what's much more exciting than tokenize security, the traditional businesses where it's just equity that you passed around is totally novel digital securities that you couldn't do before. right? novel use cases where you could kick back flash on a continual basis. i think some examples of this that we're seeing our maker down finance, which is finance point that's actually much bigger of an opportunity because it represents something totally new. my name is dr. jim a great and i'm a co founder and chairman of powell ledger and we use the block chain to enable electricity trading energy asset financing and carbon market. this award winning australian company wants to take us to a common free economy, foster. gemma has identified a problem building often nearing the tentative, and it main, if there is solar panels, the apartment isn't really incentivized, so i'll go back to the 10 if it but using the tenant will pay dearly to the body

corporate using power ledger the 10 and paste the owner, not the power company for the electricity. if the tenant isn't at home, the unused energy will be sold to a neighbor, lowering their power bill and making a profit for the owner. it actually creates the mechanism to justify investing the capital in the best buy. this clever system could also speed up investment in sustainable energy projects by making it real easy to own a piece of a solar or a wind farm. why do i need a block chain for this condo invest in a solar farm without this new fancy tech? the block chain x is that kind of an income register. any tokenize in the asset? it becomes tractable on an exchange or in 2 or 3 solar panels of a 1000, you know, in a sofa, and you would receive the income associated with that amount of, you know, bankers don't very much like being cut out of the cash flow loop. so they took

another look at mister a commode was curious, little white paper. and they've recently been spending a $1000000000.00 a year in block chain research. in the photoshoot anti bank invention and all being used by the banks to more money, faster and buy big business to track supply chain ah, crypto currencies digital tokens, public block chains, private block chains. where is the killer app? well, adoption of new technology often follows oh trends. my name is mark francesca. i'm here at oxford dinners, oxford. i'm a faculty. i'm economic sociologist by training, interested in how large scale infrastructure changes. so great to see you after 9 years. i know mark teaches a class on innovation and system building. he tells me what must align for new

technology to become fruitful. all technologies start out as interesting ideas. some of them begin to develop the innovations and we know that that are from invention to innovation, takes all the time. it takes a lot of work. some of those innovations eventually become commercially viable. but can this technology ever become as pervasive as the internet? i came to the computer history museum in the heart of silicon valley to find out. so you're looking up the console for sage, which was probably the 1st computer network. there were $23.00 centers around north america to warn against soviet bombers and they were waiting for world war 3. the u . s. military and some american universities asked this guy to create a new kind of network to connect they're separate networks. this young girl got up and she had a bunch of questions, but her 1st one was how did i manage to convince all the governments of the oral political, the internet?

and i said, well, except for the handful of us that we're actually working on the internet, nobody else really thought it was a very good idea. answer in thing was going to lead anywhere. and, you know, we pretty much had a free running room. yes. that's the man who, corn vender, tcp i p, about 50 years ago. that's the original academic paper. you can think of t c p as the backbone of the internet. but back then there were many competing technologies. there was a very big battle over the protocols. tcp ip didn't just wind by default it one through attrition by basically being better, simpler, easier to deploy them, all of the other scalable and more scalable. and it had a lot of competition from phone companies and then there's email e mail. i heard that's really neat. email was perhaps the internet 1st collab. then in the early ninety's, tim berners lee introduced the world wide web at a 20 page proposal. soon, there were browsers that made it more accessible and user friendly for the general

public. but i think that the internet is going to be one of the major forces for reducing the roller government. and the one thing that's missing, but that will soon be developed is a reliable e cash. still few understood the potential of this new tech from people that thought it would as be the world's greatest library to some of the early cypher punks who are the direct fathers of crypto and certainly bach chain type ideas who thought much as today, but it would create kind of a commons that was outside of the direct control of normal laws and governments and the media. they didn't quite know what to make of this new thing either. but sure enough, they found juicy stories about the dark side of it, which was the internet is full of criminals and pita files and pornography hers. and it's too dangerous to use your credit card on it. it's full of scans. we're

seeing the exact same story now. we envision technology as if it were autonomous, as if it were simply outside of human and social experience. what we see our technologies that become shaped by commercial interests, by political and regulatory infrastructure, by actors who are acting for many reasons, right? where do you remember bob? the big telecoms wanted his thoughts on a little idea that were kicking around. they had a meeting where they were trying to figure out how they could buy the internet. they couldn't kill it. well, why not own it? i got ass out myself by an executive at a large information company is probably in 1990 if they could buy the internet. and i remember asking them, well, why don't you buy the world economy? and you can have everything. once you buy the weather in control that it took a few decades in hype cycles, but the wild internet was eventually domesticated coopted by trillion dollar companies, and then fundamentally transformed how we shop work and communicate speaker's

corner in london's hyde park for 150 years. this has been a safe place to stand on a soapbox to sell your ideas, preach the gospel, bad mouth, the king all promote communism. to dave the world wide web, we can stand on giant digital so boxes using facebook, twitter, youtube. we can share our ideas or thought a fight with anyone on the planet. oh, wow. well, almost any one of $65.00 country study china has the least free internet worse than iran. cuba or syria. a police force of more than 2000000 cyber cops and the world's most sophisticated artificial intelligence system. keep china's web content clean and use us in check. so sorry to break it to you,

but there is no longer world wide web. welcome to the sprint than it. to be fair. some of the censorship is to prevent terrorist recruitment or to stop violent moths from hurting people. but i think government control over the internet has gone just a little too far. hold on. so toshi, turn money into code, coders, just letters and numbers, which is speech, right? so money now is speech, which is a pretty powerful idea if you think about it. but if bitcoin is this uncontrollable on sensible technology, can the block chain also enabled global free speech? in some places it already does. one chinese student tried to report a sexual assault and was silenced by her college. but she knew that she could attach a message into the meta data than a theory of transaction. so she spent $0.15, and now her letter outlining her story. and the threat she received is on the public assyrian block chain, where it will remain unchangeable, forever. the early crypto pioneers wanted to democratize money. finance. 2 point.

oh if you will. but now the believe us in the block chains have their eyes on a bigger price. they want to decentralize everything. web 3 point. oh, you can, for instance, offer file storage in a way that an amazon does or that you could offer search, you know, the way google does, but do it in a peer to peer fashion without this behemoths at the center, extracting rooms and do it in a way where all the people that are users or that can benefit and they really could some day compete with if not even take down some of the big tech try and like the facebook and the google's and the amazon that we know that's a tall, tall order it is, it is, but i mean, who would have thought at the beginning of the internet that would be, it would be in card. it's too early to tell where the projects like these can succeed. but i do like the idea of digital property rights wouldn't be nice if companies paid us encrypt currency when they use our data. and if we control who

has access to it, instead of our digital overland, because let's be honest. do we really trust google, microsoft than facebook? with a block chain? we don't need to rely on middle men anymore. it's a trust list system. meanwhile, if you room is building the future of the centralized finance with thousands of applications, but the network is also struggling to keep up with the demand. oh, and new competitors on the rise. so guys like you will build a better future and we can trust you guys better than the bank because you don't have to trust us. that's the beauty. we're building a trust list, the centralized system that gives power to people. tressel, it sounds like there's no trust, but actually it means we don't need to trust you. i think the better word should be trust to free. about one 3rd or maybe half of the cost of the transactions are paid to establish trust between trading parties. like we're paying for lawyers,

we're paying auditors who are paying even please even regulators government to, to build trust, ensure everything will be enforced. so talk to quite a better luck. hey, is the 1st time that we saw some technology that can eliminate the cost or reduce the cost of trying to dramatically magically things that will happen. trust may be expensive, but it's also short supply all around the globe. people have been losing faith in the media institutions and governments, this technology with the big brains and big egos behind it could fix one of society's biggest issue. but just how different are they from our current political, financial, and business leaders? are there systems really resistant to corruption immune to manipulation and worthy of our trust? maybe that's why the best bet is on the only project without a figurehead. bitcoin doesn't care about human drama, bad press, or what anyone thinks?

yes, sure. it hasn't succeeded as a global currency yet, but in the past decade it has been the world's best performing financial asset. so we're back to where we started. the genius who vanished where she being gone from day coin, they coined it's really a very decentralize work and currency. he was intelligent enough to know that a system without a father was going to be much more robust than a system with a father. no father, maybe, but without leaving a will. the kits are now fighting over the meaning of his invention and the inheritance projecting their fears and their fantasies onto his legacy. for some it's money for the internet that can replace middleman and bank the on banked and maybe a tool for this a trade or is it digital gold? a totally new asset class, a bet against the bank. us and insurance against inflation,

protection from corrupt politicians, and a weapon against the state. maybe the end of money as we know it. for some entropy nurse, it represents a shortcut to fund their dreams, a platform for pharaoh finance, which is why incumbents fight it. some say public block chains are just slow and useless databases, while big business is busy building private block chains to boost efficiency. or maybe this decentralized technology is a new protocol layer for the internet. upon which we can build a better web to d, thrown the tech giants reclaim free speech, protect online identities, and facilitate free trade in a border less digital economy. and yes, maybe even save the planet. that's a never ending list of crypt. hopin ideas isn't this a bit too much to ask of a 9 page document?

yes, sure. the internet and the web started out as white papers too. but it took decades before its infrastructure was built, became user friendly, and ready to scale globally. we kind of domesticate the wild potential of, of technologies into what's familiar and we dramatically underestimate or under imagine what that technology may eventually do. it'll be the uses may be billions of them who will adopt this technology without even knowing what a block chain is or how it works. because here's the thing. the average uses don't care about the wires that move their money quicker. don't know about the software that moves this movie or that picture. what will move them a services that will make the days a little brighter, that shows a little lighter and their lives a little breccia. from the front lines out, his name is correspondence continued to report every angle,

if the war in ukraine we've just heard chilling in the distance a machine gun. far in the forests, there is a humanitarian crisis erupting on multiple front red rocket planet. just a few meters from our convoy them in the positions i've been all over the need for a region really try a street totally destroyed on the road we came in on. there was still clearly an active battlefield day with out there for the latest development on the old pine plains of australia, snowy mountains. a bit of battle is taking place of the weather, the country's wall or a national icon or therapist. wondering when he's on hill to deal with that seems to become an everyday event. now that i want to just severe thunderstorm somewhere in australia, at the moment there because of this cloud here, which is marching out of south australia into new south wales just catching some

piles of queens and down victorian a. c, t is whole area where you see shells. they're going to be potentially big world flashed flooding. now pleasingly around sidney and brisbin, both of which have recalled breaking starts the year with rain and still flooding on the ground and not see a great top up just a few light showers. here, the tropics, it becomes a little dryer as well, to starting to wednesday. the picture further west is a dry one, temperatures by right, but averaged, nothing extreme here. and the rain tends to die down the shower tense, die down during wednesday. as you can see. if we head to new zealand briefly, although it's woman oakland, it's disappointing elsewhere though the cloud, the sky will be rain temperature dropping a bit below what you might expect to be. but then again, you've had a good run as a southeast asia, an abundance of showers. here the heavier ones seem to be in the forecasts. in borneo, java may be sumatran. this line takes you up to northern thailand, but they're not exclusive. in the remains largely dry, few shafts,

maybe in the south and shore lanka, temperature wise, that on the rise in weston india, ah. the trailer in the u. s. sleep walking their way to war in the struggle over ukraine. here is the test for president joe biden. from is really trying to do is rewrite the security architecture in europe. if your personal united states, you, sir, if you go to walking through gum at the same time, your weekly pay on us politics and society, that's the bottom line to revisit, drying out. grazing land is shrinking in some roots long used by wildlife migration have been blocked by human settlements. to deal with all this, kenya needs more money for conservation. and with the koran of ours, pandemic keeping many visitors awake revenue from tours. im isn't now here at the outset national park, an annual ceremony has been launched the hall pressure than individuals pay

$5000.00 to name an elephant. the aim this year is to raise $1000000.00, much of it for conservation initiatives. ah, this is al jazeera. ah. i know i'm north taylor, this is the algebra news. i live from london coming up. some civilians leave the besieged, ukrainian city of merrier pope. but hundreds of thousands remained facing another night of russian bombardment. with an apartment building is targeted in ukraine's capital. a civilian casualties mount

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