shabbat had several gateways, some of these were inside homes. and what often looked like just that i was from a boat, where in fact, entrances to the underground city. even if in way there's found a way inside, they had to survive surprise attacks in this curve and quoted theirs or traps, sat in pits. all these would be wise to stop into this from region. these chambers where civilians will take refuge, the underground city of new shabba tells a story of resistance and a will to survive thousands of tourists every year. come here to understand and experience it necessary that i was 0. no shabbat. ah, it says, let's get around them now about top stories, a russian strike on the southern ukrainian city of mighty you, paul. as destroyed a theater where hundreds of people were sheltering. the number of casualties is not

yet known. earlier russian rockets hit a convoy fleeing the city, injuring 5 people. the u. s. embassy in kev says, russian forces have shot dead several ukrainians while they were queuing for bread and chin near the international court of justice has ordered russia to immediately cease military operations in ukraine. president joe biden announced the us woke ukraine. i $800000000.00 worth more of military hardware by and also putting a war criminal. it comes off the cranes president, one of them is landscape made an impassioned plea to american politicians to do more to protect his country. friends, americans in your great history, you have pages that allow you to understand ukrainians. now we need you right now. remember, pearl harbor that terrible morning of december 7th. 1941. when your skies turned black from plains attacking you just remember it. remember september, the 11th that terrible day in 2001 when evil tried to turn your cities into

battlefields, innocent people were attacked from the air, no unexpected, and you could not stop at our country is experiencing the same every day, every night for 3 weeks now, president vladimir putin says western sanctions against russia will backfire in a very cowardly way. there are some cultures who have lived down there. a part of the great financial pressure against russia has been noticed. and we will do what we can to make sure that the new package of sanctions, i guess russia will be met by our majors against them. and in other news, 2 british iranians are on their way back to the u. k. from iran, after years in detention there as a needs are already berkeley, was convicted in 2016 plotting to overthrow the government, but always denied the allegations. those are the headlines inside stories. next, cold response may take long planned to mix the. i'll take the 5,

the largest since the cold war has taken on you significant as the war rate is in ukraine. day without is there for the latest development as 35000 feet from $28.00 nato countries. demonstrate their ability in a region already eggs. how is the media viewing russia's war in ukraine? competing narrative is fight for coverage in print on air and online. so are we getting an accurate picture of what's happening in the conflict? this is inside story. ah. hello and welcome to the program. i'm hammer, jim, jim. it's often said that the 1st casualty of war is the truth. and the media is the battle ground for competing narratives on russia's invasion of ukraine. images

of destruction and civilian suffering, dominate headlines worldwide. but both sides accused each other of disinformation. take, for example, the russian air strike that destroyed a maternity hospital in mary up hall last week. at least 3 people died in what western leaders called a war crime. but russia accused ukraine of staging the attack in and out deleted tweet, the russian embassy in london accused this woman of being a so called crisis actor who was paid to play a victim. the ukrainian and russian presidents project different images of themselves below them, as a lensky gives daily updates on social media. dressed in green army t shirts that's helped to boost his popularity among ukrainians to nearly 90 percent. in contrast, rushes vladimir putin is mostly seen in official videos sitting far away from government advisors. an editor on russian state t. v was fined for interrupting a news broadcast with her anti war message, but russian media mostly repeat the kremlin message of what it calls

a special military operation. journalists who call it a war or invasion face 15 years in prison. independent outlets have been shut down . facebook and instagram are blocked. 58 percent of russians support the invasion, according to a survey last week. ah. all right, let's bring in our guests in western ukraine, olga to cut a yoke, a ukrainian journalist, and a non resident fellow at the center for european policy analysis in london. nikolai petrov, a senior research fellow at the russia and eurasia program at the chatham house, thinktank and in berlin. marcus xena, a professor of journalism at the university of applied sciences. a warm welcome to you all. and thanks so much for joining us today on inside story, olga. let me start with you today from your vantage point in western ukraine. do you believe that most of the world is now getting an accurate picture of what's happening in the conflict?

well, you know, it's very difficult to generalize, right. we cannot speak about the whole world. there are specific differences in every region. well, as a journalist, i'm speaking to many media from different countries, just today ahead interviews with, you know, media from south korea to india, australia, trial and united arab emirates. and i can also see the difference in the kinds of questions that i'm getting. and you know, the concerns that are different in different country than the essence that sometimes both differently as a journalist, they can say that, you know, my colleagues are doing an amazing job hearing you praying time trying to report. and what has happened in from ukraine, in extremely difficult circumstances for journalists have been killed so far in your brain. i happen to know 2 of them personally, you know, breaks my heart that my colleagues have to go through such enormous risks because russians are targeting civilians are deliberately targeting journalists,

would discuss disseminator and with the goal apparently, to prevent the world from knowing what is happening here it's an immediate media and journalist from, you know, reporting from the ground in ukraine. so i want to command the car, just colleagues for the white everything continue reporting from ukraine, from the health. well, such as cave larkey, mario, paul. and, you know, i just want to really strike how important this information is, and i'm buying report the news, especially in the euro, off full manufacturing, this information coming from the russian side. nikolai, i want to turn the viewers attention specifically to russia right now. and i want to ask you about russians watching or reading or listening to the news within russia. what are they hearing? how different is what they are hearing or seeing, or reading from what most of the rest of the world is reading or seeing or hearing about the conflict in ukraine. i would say that russians i getting their ears

sanstrom's and limited picture and the images from grain shown by us themes. busy own channels and so educators know almost full independent media. ah, him champa and even. busy social landers are close in some cases, but the problem i see is not so much connected with the fact that there is a layer of information was this brand is, was name a boundary there. i love those personal connections which would somehow been said that on the my see is connected with them. there is a financing a logical, but real. busy government leaves us to. busy busy bullied muslim world wide, so the limited military operation by the vision. majority of rosters do he of in their minds is there on me,

is liberating brothers ukrainians. seuss fancy government and say hello jacqueline. it's much more comfortable to keep this vision than to say, and that is your speed, your government meeting what crime stands use to do something by yourself. luke, he has a lot of jesus when relatives are given calls from ukraine, and they are not understood by their direct relatives in mark as i, i want to talk for a moment about this study, in contrast between the image that's being projected by ukrainian president vladimir zalinski versus the image that's being projected by russian president vladimir putin. zalinski is often seen in the social media videos are unshaven, he's wearing green army t shirts, or sometimes he's among his advisors. other times he's out on the streets. then you see putin and it's very different, these are these official videos, were often he is alone or seated very far away,

even from close advisors. has that helped zalinski and if so, how much? yeah. in fact it has helped him try to quite a bit. if you look at how the narrative has been shaped and trained from the ukranian side, i think they, they do it very well. i'm not saying they do it just always by purpose, but i think they know how to play social media. they know how to and they narrative and certain message. and i think what we're seeing here is basically a new kind of modern version of it, david against go. we are kind of story. you have this, this ukraine, the country of 40000000 fighting and overwhelming military power. russia and you have here, this guy will love me as the landscape standing up against against it. and i think the images are really telling on the one hand you have put in sitting on a long table,

but kind of being untouchable and is basically behind the walls of the kremlin. wiley on the other side. you have the lensky who is somebody who was just among, among his people and he's looking tired. he's looking worn. he's just dressed in the military shirts and he's not making things up. and so when it comes to authenticity, i think that's clearly on the side of the ukrainians. oh, go, what do you craniums by enlarge a think of how president lensky has been presenting himself before and throughout this conflict. how much has he been able to transform public opinion through his style of war time leadership? while we are seen from the walls that the popularity and the support of citizens to brandon, the lanky had grown sharply. recently a wall it was conducted indicates that about 90 percent

a few branyon support the actions of the president before the war. and that percentage was around 25 percent. so he's showing himself, you know, eventually there of his people, a very person who is close to his citizens or, you know, doesn't keep a defense who's speaking to them directly recording video a statement, several times a day. speaking in the language that people understand address and not just ukrainians, but in fact, the direct and russians in their own language, calling on russian mothers, you know, do take their songs away from your grand calling the russians to go to protest. thank in russian journalists or propaganda media workers or former workers was standing up and saying that you so you know, the link is communicating very efficiently and his rally and the people around him . but i would also say that, you know, it's not just the landscape who is leading the country and who it's kind of inspiring ukrainians. it's also the other way around. if you crania who are with

their incredible courage and determination, are inspiring the landscape to leave the country and you know, to speak for all this be. but we hear that also his speakers in just today the u. s . congress. he said again, but i'm speaking here on behalf of the ukrainian people, and this is something that, you know, i think a lot of ukrainian kind of share and the appreciate that, that he's not detached on people who speak and, and the whole country speaking in one voice, nikolai, there are surveys that have been done in russia that suggest that a majority of russians support the invasion of ukraine. but can this polling actually be trusted? is it independent? ah, well, there are no independent of these days. first and 2nd we should have in mind that. busy job in the way it weighed 4. ah, well of korean. so answers in many cases,

different reasons. the problem is of that. nevertheless, i do fan that majority of fractions being somehow rain war feeds only focus on the fact that they had bonded deeply and thus laid a fascist against masses. and this is all the story is presented by russian media. well, they use of what they in residence. and so in my view, we can discuss whether this 170, or seeks to this and lived in olds off getting us been surgeon in the speaking with his special leaves monthly given mind that the empties and then in long minority protested against it was. and who are still protested against the wind by the there is a lease ration. many of them didn't lead from the marcus. you know,

president putin has, for quite a while now, several years. he's had this reputation as a wizard of information warfare. he has a reputation as someone who's successfully been able to weaponized social media and other types of information. is it surprising to you to see how this is playing out thus far? yes, you know, right. he has successfully actually and interfered in the elections. he has tried to turn public opinion, also in germany, also in the united states, but he's failing here and i think one of the things that probably are not playing out very well for the russians is the use of a certain language, a certain narrative. let's take a look, for instance, the use of hash isn't and nazis. i mean, putting was saying, well,

we have to go into ukraine to kind of di, not defy ukraine. i mean, the president of ukraine is of jewish origin. so how can you actually be a not fees? i mean, you see a distortion of all of the terms and the notions. we used to know, and i think this narrative is not playing into his hands. now at the same time. from the west, the perspective probably we can see that this way, it doesn't really mean that russians are going along with that. i think he still has a lot of support and i'm not really sure that the majority of russians are looking through this maneuver. olga, you spoke in your previous answer about the fact that from your perspective, it's not just zalinski presidency. lensky who's been inspiring the people, but it's also the people of ukraine who been inspiring president lensky. i want to ask you if you think that in the lead up to the invasion in the lead up to the war,

if the reporting from foreign countries was mostly accurate, do you think that ukrainian voices were really being listened to? no, i don't think so. in fact, you know, this of course, the ride from one country to another, but in some, you know, major players and some major countries of the european union. i can speak or utility because they speak it's at it and they can monitor the information space there. but i know it is also the case in germany from some other country, very often, you know, people who go in the media and speak about ukraine and russia, those experts, those analysts, those, you know, and you politics expert. they have never set foot to crane, and they very often described the situation and spoke about your brain in a throat, you know, for the russian optics using some sort of russian imperialist narrative about ukraine. very often denying the agency to brain. yes,

it was very rare and need to feel quite rare in some countries to hear your brain and voices in mainstream media. although, you know, there have been some improvements in the war started, and they've been more attention to what you brand actually have to say. but i think, you know, a big problem is that in the last 8 years since russia, person by the didn't in 2014, very few in the west, listen to what you're brand new were saying they're ready to listen to brand new warning. expect if, you know, with them is not stopped if russia is not punished with really fun sanctions, if there is no sunk reaction from the west, which will last stop and will on the escalate aggression. now the same people, while some of them at least you know who didn't listen to brand yes and all the central and eastern europeans and people from the baltic, say, i finally meet them that we were right. but even to late nikolai, you know, he's spoken a lot about the clamp down on, on independent media outlets in, in russia. just this week there, there was an incident, there was an interruption of a news broadcast on russian television by an editor who shared an anti war message

. and, and i want to ask you, if you think that this would have made any kind of an impact with, with viewers who have really been inured to the official russian line about the invasion by people who only been watching russian television at. and that particular narrative would, would they have, have found this surprising, would it have helped to change perceptions in any way? i cindy thence was standing re action from the side of friday and i've sent you a name. and so of course, it's very important. not only to demonstrate that a lot of gentlemen. busy some of them designing as of last week of journalists are not being seriously. they demonstrate that i can russian television channels. so somehow we can send the signal to those watching.

but as i did already see, the problem i see is not that much connected with the fact that there is a layer of. busy alternative information, alternative channels is possible to find a los, everything these days the every psychological, the plans to keep in order not to feel themselves in an extremely uncomfortable position. it's changing and stranger, not only did you create a sense, not just the fact that the one that's on seeing public, this is bad. so as you do the fact that russians feel in their usual lives, then the situation is changing was. busy and that's why they should change their minds. they try to change their hygienist. this means that often is very much limited time. you should do something like that. so well, spot,

the situation, the theory inside 3. and this means that, well, that's the of the 3 weeks children's form, the asian, if you wait for it, it's mark as for those who believe that president zalinski and therefore ukraine, that they're winning this information war. does that also create a perception that ukraine may be doing better on the actual battle field than they are? well, i mean the, if you, if you believe what military expert the saying, then i think you can, is doing very well on the ground when it comes to making, making the advances hard for, for the russian military. but i think that's, that's a fact. and that's not really that much influenced by the media appearance.

i have to admit, actually from, from, from the perspective as a jose professor. i mean, what is the little bit striking it was probably a matter of concern is the fact that jonathan doesn't really play that much of a role. right now. we get footage, we get videos directly fed into actually into our, our social media and twitter accounts which come right out from the president's palace in here for right from, from, from other places without any journalistic kind of assessment and orientation. i mean, this is not a new problem, but it's playing out here. try try the bid. so we are seeing things and we have to we have to make up ourselves what we're seeing. it's, it's more context not because i'm sorry to interrupt you, but may i ask you, you bring up an interesting point. may i ask, is it actually harder now than it was a few years back to, to pass off false information or effect videos. i mean,

has online birth verification of footage, you know, has that entire the entirety of that been strengthened of late? absolutely. it has become so difficult and as much as we sympathize with one side or the other. i think for journalist, they are required to take the, put it into a checketts and to try to figure out whether this is true or not. that, by the way, please allow me just to say one word on a to you all guy. i mean, be having been the journalist and still am a journalist myself and having recorded from moscow, i can tell you that at least the german media is reporting very quickly actually, about russia, which is always was, was, it was a very rooted fact. so i, i think when it comes to gender media is very critical and not the pro, proper eugene olga from your perspective. how prominent

a role have disinformation fighters online been been playing and all of this? well, you know, i think with this war, many people in the west who underestimated their prominence in the past. and you know, this cobo fresh propaganda ended information. i finally starting to realize that and the case in point is that pregnant woman from mario will marianna, who was filmed by associated with the 4th after the bombing of the hospital. and then we have seen the attempt by several russian embassies abroad and twitter to smell her, who said that she was a crisis factor and that she was wearing makeup and she wasn't actually pregnant in fact. and you know, twitter to down those balls. and we've seen the new footage from are you going several days after that that she actually gave birth to a baby. and i also was in touch with her relative to confirm that they sent me the

photos. and i think, you know, for many that k was something an eye opener because many people didn't believe the russians could be a lie. and that you know, that march, and this russian officials and the russian officials are ally and on the higher level. and those, the russian propaganda and information machine, it consists of so many a lay are, you know, started from the troll and bought farms on the social media, which is tutor and facebook. and, you know, russian stake media side, russia, russian, stake media are, you know, broadcasting for the audience. there's a role such as our teams. and a lot of also conspiracy propaganda is information web site in many, many countries because sometimes the not, you know, spread just news about russia, ukraine, they might be sharing until you've exceeded information or different conspiracy theories. and i hope, you know, this war is kind of bring more awareness and the level of the, of the governments in the world and level of the media also was invited. but did

information sometimes find a card to, you know, establish what is and what is wrong with what is to and what is knock olga? and so if i am a owner, i'm sorry to interrupt. if i could just ask you just have about a minute and a half left, but i also want to ask you the way that it's been playing out this for, has it defied your expectations about how online warfare typically plays out where you know this is, was not something new for me because i've been researching his information for melvin ben 2 years might actually career in journalism. brought me to this because i encountered as a journalist so much as information and how it actually affected people's lives on the ground. and so i started to research it, and i think you know that this is also a goal now for many journalists across the world and for many media to focus on that more to understand how this information works and what a real life empathy can have. and how it can also you wars because 8 years of brandon russian devi contributed to this war as well. all right,

well we have run out of time. we're gonna have to leave the conversation there. thanks so much to all of our guests, olga, to cut a yoke. nikolai petrov and marcus xena. and thank you for watching. you can see the program again any time by visiting our website al jazeera dot com, and for further discussion, go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ha inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter or handle this at e j inside stored from him. how much am jerome and the whole team here, bye for now? no place. and so i go on with say, a press, retreated at the car, about a media hub and vital vantage point. during the 1st truly televised war from the roof, we could see the recreation at the american embassy, where the most iconic images of the conflict in vietnam were transmitted to the

world. this was the front row seat to the final stages of the war cycle and caravel war hotels on al jazeera. it is murder. when you throw a fireball into someone help me, she asked me to know the insignificant number, the insignificant, ideologically, the insignificant, even as a crime, getting the very significant by dictating the government, the fact the policy shall not kill counted the radicalized youth series on our jazeera talk to al jazeera, we do believe that the threats of an invasion of ukraine is currently the biggest threat to international peace and security. we listen, we are focusing so much on the even a tearing crisis that we forget the long term development. we meet with global news makers and talk about the stories that matter on our era. the highlands of barley

has longly tried to tour. a visit has come here for the cool climate and to see on these famous rice fields. but these fields and from the more than just a tourist attraction, they provided a lifeline for the thousands who lost their jobs when the travellers stopped coming . because of the 19 pandemic restrictions brought financial hardship to many here in the valley. now, as the island reopened for international travelers, some say they want more just to return to the way things work before. community groups have helped form a tourism work is learn how to used to be a tour guide. now he farms, cabbages, and i don't want to go back to tourism. i want to continue to be a farmer. as the island prepares to welcome visitors again, many said the pandemic has told them valuable lessons. never forget,

we understand the differences and similarities of cultures across the world that might have when you call home will be used in current affairs. that matter to you. the news. ready i'm hasn't seen in doha, the top stories on just a russian strike on the southern ukrainian city of mighty you, paul has destroyed a theater where hundreds of people were sheltering. number of casualties is not yet known. earlier russian rockets hit a convoy fleeing the city, injuring 5 people. the u. s. embassy and key of says russian forces have shocked at several ukrainians while they were queueing for bread inch near. the international court of justice has ordered russia to immediately cease its military operation in ukraine.