this is my 1st day. i'm excited. what masks are still mandatory? and the disinfectants never far away. yoga mcgrew, joe, today's the dragon boat festival on my son, my daughter in law and my grandchild, who at my place shall came to buy some cooked food to have a meal together at home. danny and the restaurants still not allowed and it's safer to eat at home. state media has been trumpeting shanghaied, victory against covert 19. that parts of the sprawling city of 25000000 are still stuck behind barricades. some returning to lock down less than 24 hours after restrictions were east. and while the shops have reopened, you need a tracking app to enter and you have to register your shopping itinerary. online. residents can spend hours and cues for the compulsory covered tests, meaning the relief of freedom is tempered with frustration and fear that more isolation is just another test away,

alexia brian al jazeera. ah, hello again. the top stories on al jazeera, the regional head of lou, hans says ukrainian forces have recaptured about 20 percent of last territory and the eastern city of sea of hero done yeske. russian troops are now in control of half of the strategic city after weeks of fighting. hundreds of afghan refugees have held protests in islamabad, demanding the right to work in pakistan. they also want to be recognized as asylum seekers. the un secretary general has condemned the killing of a protest. her in sudan crowds were marching to demand justice for a 120 people killed during a crackdown on a pro democracy protest. 3 years ago, argent indians are demanding action to end violence against women. thousands marched on parliament on friday. one woman was killed in argentina every 35 hours

last year. those are the headlines inside story is up next. the walk was, don't know that on this, which i don't need to be with you to look at me about how to put them to me. i think i mentioned you open the home and ya today. and we're going to give you what we said that was sent to me and i'm a lot of fun at the book. if you're the one i know, i mean,

i mean i shooting off the edge of the o. c. name ma, hundreds of 1000 solar wizards, they think have supernatural healing and fortune telling powers one a 18th inch is the magic world. of the buddhist to called on al jazeera is the war in yemen about to end. the saudi led coalition and who thes agreed to extend the ceasefire for another 2 months? will the truce hold? and will it help to end one of the world's worst humanitarian crises? this is inside story. ah.

hello and welcome to the program. i'm hammer, jim john, 8 years of war in yemen have killed tens of thousands of people and left most of the population on the verge of starvation. but there are increasing hopes of ending the conflict. the saudi led military coalition and the iranian backed her with the rebels, announced a 2 month truce in april. they've now agreed to extend it for another 2 months. the warring sides have held talks and jordan allowed fuel vessels into the healthy controlled port of her data. and commercial flights have resumed from santa airport . the you in an u. s. have praised the progress made so far, but say there's still a lot of work to do victoria gate and be reports the sci fi between who the rebels and yelman's internationally recognized government was 1st agreed in april. it'll now last for another 2 months. yemenis have greeted the knees with relief and hope will like epa. only diabetes are mostly optimistic about the results. we hope

the truce will be extended and other issues that haven't been resolved over the past period will be addressed as well, including the opening of roads and crossings. for war in yemen started in 2014. when it ran back to the rebels, took control of the capitol center, forcing the internationally recognized government to flee. the saudi coalition joined the war the following year to try to restore the government to power more than a 150000 people have been killed during 8 years of fighting u. s. president j biden. and the un have welcome the move to extend the truce. this is a pivotal moment for human human has the opportunity to continue this progress in choose peace instead of war suffering and destruction. the longer we can create a show and keep an upholding good kind of truce bubble, the more we hope the donors are will continue to fund our operations. the conflicts

created one of the world's worst humanitarian crises. the un says more than 4000000 people have been displaced. 90000000 others are going hungry. analysts say the truce is a pathway to peace. the institution of a new presidential council in yemen. i think that's been key because this new counsel, an 8 man council, has really been focused on trying to change the trajectory of yemen. and it was significant. but some of the old war mongers were removed from leadership positions in order for this council to come in. so there's everything to play for now. there is still the problem with ties. a large city in yemen, southwest that still under siege, but of the 8 long years of fighting and misery. there is at least hope among yemenis that this devastating war might finally be coming to an end victoria gate and be al jazeera. ah. all right, let's go ahead and bring in our guests. joining us from santa josma,

lavoie spokesman for the norwegian refugee council in yemen. from washington, d. c and l. she line a research fellow in the middle east program at the quincy institute, and from berlin abraham july. anon, resident scholar in the gulf and yemen program at the middle east institute. a warm welcome to you all, and thanks so much for joining us today on inside story. just my, let me start with you today. the u. n says that the war in yemen has caused the world's worst humanitarian crisis. from your perspective, you're on the ground there in santa how much is this dire humanitarian situation driving the ceasefire? well, what i can say is, it's a pretty darn picture. i think there's around 17000000 people right now in yemen that are struggling to find food at daily. it could go as much as $19000000.00 by the end of this year. and what it means completely is when i go here and so now to

the market, there are food and the shelves, but the problem is, many people can not afford it. so i don't know which extend this is driving the peace process, but definitely out we think that this extension of the truce is, is an excellent use for yemen. i think it shows commitment a serious commitment from all the parties of the context to end this senseless war, but also reduce the suffering of millions of yemen. abraham from your vantage point, how significant is it that the cease fire was extended? and how difficult was it to achieve this outcome? thanks for how may i think the extension of this is far of the offer. the truth not to cease fire, was a significant step and expected but vinegar oceans of the extension, was largely and easy to quiet external pressure by the united states. the u. k. and other members of security council, but also faster limitation of both the alternative, oman, and,

and saudi arabia. of course, the p. c had made clear signals that interested in, in a new will. and we've seen also the who is indicating condition of extension. but, but as much as the extension of the truth of the important what math is now, what the question in durham is, what is beyond the truth? and if it's not backed by a broader political purposes than an i fair and turn to, to basically decide that a violence that we saw in the past couple years with the center of gravity being about it. and now, given the scope of negotiations focused on the opening of our entire as my be old so many front line though to negotiate it to be opened in full and to talk about to is, is not new. it's part of this talk on agreement of 2018. so the truth alter, goes back to,

to the previous accomplished parts of the stock on agreement with respect to the enter your flight to and travel since that i airport as well as the interior . that will come steps. and i think the steps should be expanded, but the money that come for the oil there, but it should be used to the payment studies. i think this is has been a cornerstone and just negotiation disagreement. and that's also part of stock and agreement. difficulties are supposed to pay and use the money to pay $77.00, the salaries and that's not only have any terry and you know outcome but also legit to try to the people and it should be negotiated. lee, i'm sorry, i'm sorry to interrupt you, but i just want to get back to something you mentioned you. you mentioned that the p l. c. we should remind our viewers. p l. c stands for the presidential leadership council. the credit presidential leadership council was introducing early april. there was a shakeup in government. you had president had the stepping aside essentially

giving the reins to this 8 member council from your perspective. has this presidential council been effective? has this counsel been able so far to unite yelman's anti her with the coalition? i think it's added to. i says with that it's been successful or not. usually we had the 1st month, it was my bud to the count begins on the after that. but of course, we need to also acknowledge the complexities and the competing objectives within the bed counsel. because that reflects not only that we've talked to entities on the ground, but what these entities, the multiple objectives, at least in the long term. so we need to monitor closely the next unfolding steps when it comes to appointments across security, military and the executive entities to see whether they actually have 1st of all, a degree of consensus on the appointments and 2nd, a public commitment to the delivery of public services and based on that, i think we can all to assist the possibility of unifying the military assets on the

ground, so as to have only one opponent should. we have an escalation of the truth eventually collapses. which is the big fear of many and you haven't actually and now i saw you nodding along to somebody, but he was saying there, i looked like you want to jump and i'm going to let you do that. but i also want to ask you whether this is called the truth or whether this is called a cease fire. the fact that it has been extended from your perspective, does this show a serious commitment on the part of all the actors involved in this conflict? to try to end it. i think the extension of the, of the truce largely does reflect external pressure as my colleague the brain mentioned. and in particular, i think one crucial factor here is the recent introduction by u. s. congress of a war powers resolution that would end all u. s. support for saudi military action in yemen. and so this, if this were to pass, that would mean that 2 thirds of saudi arabia's air force would be grounded because

they cannot operate without us. military contractors are parts and assistance. and essentially that mohammad been said, man is not interested in being in a position where he cannot operate his own air force. and so i think it's crucial here that although we saw the appointment of this newly consolidated presidential leadership council, which does represent hypothetically, very powerful fighting force to combat the who's these. and again, sort of the 1st time that we've seen all of these different actors and factions who do have quite divergent goals in terms of their ultimate agenda. but they all agree on their opposition to the who these and so the fact that we didn't see a reduction of fighting, i think very clearly shows that the saudis are sending the message to see that they need to stay at the negotiating table and the saudis are conveying that message because they don't want to be in a position of,

of losing the ability to fly their own planes if us does withdraw support and, and now if i could just follow up with you, do we know at this stage what exactly has been agreed to in this extension, do we know the details, the fine print here as far as what the warring sides were able to agree upon. i haven't seen an updated statement from the u. n. the, the terms of the 1st 2 months were not entirely met to thus far there. there were originally 18 fuel ships, agreed to, to my understanding at the time that the truth ended only 12 had gotten through. there were supposed to be 2 flights a week from and, and, and cairo to santa. and we only just saw this 1st flight from santa to cairo. so my understanding is part of this is, is to sort of try to maintain those fuel ships getting in and the, the flights coming in. and then very crucially as, as has been mentioned, opening the roads around ties was also a crucial part of this. and in that respect,

there, there was a meeting there been discussions of this, but thus far, we haven't seen the siege of ties being lifted yet. just money. what are the on the ground logistics like in yemen right now when it comes to specifically delivery of much needed aid to different parts of the country? has that situation improved? well, 1st of all, i need to welcome to progress that were made in terms of just overall axis in yemen . we've been talking about the reopening of the airport, but also the partial will be opening as well as the ports of the data. because for instance, here in some i've been deep before the truth i've been seeing people doing sometimes for days because of the fuel crisis at the petrol station. now, for us as many different actors axes, game during this truce, these 2 months have been more limited, especially because

a lot of our access issues are related to the rock receive. so not necessarily the existence of the company itself. however, we're hoping that with the, the extension of the truth, we're hoping that it will give us the opportunity to basically deliver a more quickly and also more efficiently. and also we're hoping to better commercial access. so that means that the, the, the freedom of movement for people, but also for goods to then we can expect maybe that the price of for within other things like medicine can, can go down as well, for civilians that are in desperate need. now another entity is obviously more space for the mining activities, such as surveying, for instance. so even if the roles open across frozen front lines might contamination is one of the issues in some growth in yemen. so 1st of all,

we need to map where these minds are, but also as a human human community, we need to make sure that we actually are able to import the mining equipment in country. so that's the only way we can make sure that then afterwards people can move safely form near near frontline, basically abraham, where the provisions of the original truce ever completely implemented. no unfortunately, and 2 parts to this, the fast as my quit again, i mentioned the entry of fuel into her data and the sumption of flights this way. some of the commitments made by the government of yeah. so under been also the technicalities that come along and this way, i'm easy negotiations because other states like jordan or even egypt, public security concerns of another nice all authority. and the 2nd part from the

other hand, you have the 2 other issues, the opening approach, which is supposedly healthy commitment to the tooth. and the 2nd is the treatment of salaries from the oil that's being foster located through the data port. so it has not been met in full progress has been humble. and in fact, the negotiations overtime is what about to crumble, which is why we had a haste. you opening understanding. otherwise, there would have been no other way to actually agree ahead of the supposed extension of the truth. and in that case, we've seen a failure to extend that, which is why we had just a limited understanding to continue talks on on time as the governor. it's just after the extension and i think now i'm not concerned about the implementation of beef as much, but do we, they must, these tactical developments must be linked to the builder strategic picture of the

escalation. and i know your time to comprehensive piece talks between you have any axes. and abraham, do you think that we will see a continuation of talks? will? will there be a return to the negotiating table now that this extension to the cease fire or truce has been agreed to it is my hope that we ted we. so districts taken place, it was put in place actually 2 years ago by saudis. and then last year, but because they had perceived a military advantage in the city, which has not been the case that was 30 days and why we saw you 10. but now do we shift from here, from truce to a cease fire and from the fire to comprehensive p stokes among japanese, i think it's contingent on 3 factors. best of all, be progress delivered on the tooth. second degree of international, an urgent pressure on the hope is not as much as the government because the government has received to show pressure. and sadly,

the perception on, on whether the who, if he's in particular, can, can continue to make to toil progress. as we saw in the past couple years and use this to see it as a tactical means to a group organized, employ forces, which is highly probable actually, even if we continue talks and age that point and l will be actors in the conflict, be able to negotiate a deal that will take beyond another 2 months. well, we see in general, conflicts tend to end when, when both sides are all sides. see, perceive a stalemate, essentially that they don't continue to be a possible benefit to be gained by continuing to fight. and so in this case, i do think that because we see this more consolidated potential for military power coming from the p l. c. this may be contributing to why the who things are would

prefer at this point to negotiate from their current position of relative strength . they remain in control of, of territory where the majority of many lives. and so i think the question therefore is, you know, will we see this, saudis, and rockies pushing the p l. c. 2 to return to fighting in order to test their, their potential strengths here to try to push the who sees back. and so this is why i do think it's crucial that the external pressure on the saudis, on the m r i t is saying no, the international community really wants you to continue to stay at the negotiating table. i do think that on the who, the side, they have incentives to negotiate now, rather than return to the battlefield. so my, my hope is that yes, both sides potentially see a stalemate. and that at this point, they think that their, their games might be best advanced or their,

their objectives, the best advanced sheeting table instead of the battlefield. jasmine agencies say that 4000000 people have been displaced in yemen due to this conflict that 19000000 others are going hungry. that a 160000 are likely to suffer from famine like conditions. i mean, this couldn't be more dire and we should point out that, that the suffering was immense in yemen even before this current conflict. i remember doing sorting on the ground in 2011 in yemen, about the high rates of malnutrition among children. so, so it was already a country where a large portion of the population was suffering and has been suffering for a long time. is their hope among the population right now that the war might actually be coming to an end. are you hearing that from people you speak with their yes, definitely from my colleagues and also my my gemini francere. they're awesome. oh,

because bear in mind this is the 1st nationwide ceasefire at since 2016 and so, and that said, even if there's an extension of the choose, even if that lead to a lasting piece, that doesn't mean the end of the suffering for jamini is unfortunately, i mean, traveling to this country's to this country for almost a year. now i've witnessed the scale of the destruction in yemen, and i'm talking obviously about bridges about markets, about other infrastructure. but also as mentioned by, i think, our colleague abraham underscore earlier, and there's also a massive arm, a structural problems, like for instance, the payment of, of civil servant. and there's also a millions of children that are still out of school and in an economy to rebuild, to rebuild. so it will still be the largest him at one of the largest, at least humanitarian crisis. even if we end up um, with

a lasting peace in yemen. so these are things to remember as well. if i'm, if i could get back to something you mentioned earlier and something that just my was just talking about. i mean, let's talk about something as fundamental as the economy, which has been in wreckage in yemen for such a long time. now, let's say that things go well for the foreseeable future. how difficult would it be, or whether this truce leads to a lasting ceasefire? and negotiations continue even at the conflict, were to come to an end. how difficult will it be to rebuild the economy in yemen? i think to build the economy would need to a gold yelman's last and collapsed institutions. and these have to be technocratic. they have to get their capacity, they have to attract talent, because we also see now lots of talents and brain doing with affects. with course, the state building process and the economy. now, you have to,

to revitalize or you 5 the sources for venues which, many of which have been dysfunctional like for example, they have to sit at the in trouble. and that has been off for over 5 years now. and that's going to be challenging. and then the next challenge, of course, when will be also to, to a concise, the monetary sort of flows that we see and the disparity and the price if you have any notes and across the country and, and, and sadly, you'd have to sort of these goals all the new for formed institutions, cruise, otherwise you'll have some states within the state and somebody called me wouldn't be economy. and that's all to be. i make a challenge for the post war to cover the face any i meant. and now what are some of the immediate concrete steps that can be taken in order to continue

to build trust between the warring sides to try to come up with some kind of an actual negotiated settlement in and see this conflict come to an end? well, as my colleagues have said, implementing the terms of the truth, i think are crucial trust building measures. another important thing to think about was the economy. you know, the international crisis group had a pretty comprehensive report that came out recently that emphasized the war economy. how many in yemen had profited from this violence? and there are structures in place now that sort of perpetuate the conflict because they are profitable for again, a very limited number of. busy individuals, but these, these are the people with power. and so the longer that the truth goes on, the, my hope is that other forms of, of economic activity that, that yemen will be able to shift away from sort of the status quo of a war economy. and try to regain be sort of more

productive economic processes. certainly the basic questions like the payment of salaries are absolutely essential. but again, i do think just, it's a matter. it is a question of trying to give you the time to start to, to get out of some of these, this dependence on the war economy and try to return to to a piece time economy. however, that will be an extremely long process and will require significant external resources, which i think external powers, saudi arabia, the way, the united states, france, the u. k. these countries that have all profited from the sale of weapons to the fighters as well as iran backing the who sees. but many, many countries are implicated in the tragedy in yemen. and so i do think it's a duty of the international community to, to provide resources to help them and rebuild. all right, well we have run out of times, we're going to have to leave the conversation there. thank you so much to all of our guests. just my love why now she line and abraham july. thank you for watching

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