set a goal that france would produce a 100 percent of its gas by 2035. were not there yet, of course. but what we're doing helps us become more tournaments in terms of our energy needs or for the gas is purified into by me. thing that is cleaner than natural gas, it's then fed into a pipeline to the nearby town of home we. the gas produced at the farm helps the heat, hundreds of homes in this town, as well as the swimming pool and the hospital. in france, 3 new bio gas plants is switched on each week as private and public investment in the sector is increased in recent years. federal present in for the aquila was one that we need to develop these types of energy as part of the work we're doing in this region to transition to more sustainable sources locked by a gas. as the e u tries to win itself for fresh and gas in response to the war in ukraine, bio gas alone called fulfill the blocks immediate energy needs. but he is clearly

part of the picture and a step towards a more sustainable future. natasha butler al jazeera homer. you france ah, this is al jazeera. these are the top stories. venezuela's president is in iran for talks to bolster economic and political cooperation. both countries are under, you are sanctions. nicholas maduro was not invited by the us to attend the summit of americas and has instead been on an international tour 20 countries at that summit of announce what they're calling on los angeles declaration. on migration, it creates incentives for governments to take in more migrants, but major regional leaders a boycott at the event. it's not clear how effective the measures are going to be. you as secretary of defense, lloyd austin says china is increasingly engage in d, stabilizing military activity near ty, one. austin was speaking in singapore, at a meeting of security officials from around the world. you've heard lisa,

we see growing coercion from beijing. we really witnessed a steady increase in provocative and destabilizing military activity near taiwan. and that includes purely aircraft flying near taiwan in record numbers and reese of months and nearly on a daily basis. and we remain focused on maintaining peace stability and the status quo across across to try one street. but the p. r. c's moves threatened to undermine security and stability and prosperity in the endo pacific. it's been a month since sharing a block lay was shot by is really forces one on assignment in janine i'll 0 media network continues to demand a rapid, independent and transparent investigation into the killing of its journalist and the occupied westbank. bolivia is far more interim president,

janine and yes has been found guilty of mounting a coup in 2019 a court sentenced her to 10 years in prison. the former president maintains she is innocent. gunfights between armed groups erupted in libby as capital tripoli on friday. at least one person was reported, have been killed. soldiers would apply to the area, but he's helped civilians to take shelter. and the headlines, the news continues and i'll just either, after inside story, good bye. stand the differences and similarities of cultures across the world. who said, no matter what you see, how disorder will bring you the news and current affairs that matter to you? how does in europe a neglected conflict strains, ties between algeria and spain. trade and diplomatic links have been count because of a dispute about the western sahara region of what's behind this reasoned escalation

and cannot be resolved. this is incite store ah that a very welcome to the program. i'm nick clark. a contested region in north western africa is straining tides between algeria and spain. the algerian government suspended a friendship agreement and halted all trade except for natural gas. for now, the dispute centers around the status of western sahara. the region was its spanish colony until 975 morocco then took control in a move that's not been recognized. internationally. algeria supports fighters who've been calling for independence and western sahara in march, spain, prime minister, anchored algeria when he endorsed morocco's plan to give some autonomy to the

region. that his spirits highlights a difficult balancing act for spain, madrid once more energy supplies from algeria, while at the same time putting pressure on morocco to stop the flow of migrants into spanish territories in north africa is time more sinister momentos. and at the moment, we are looking into the scope and practical consequences of this measure, both at the national and the european level. so as to give a correct response in a calm and constructive yet firm way to defend the spain's interests. and those of its businesses that always since our has been the subject of a long running territorial dispute between morocco and the indigenous sarai. people lead by the policy of front movement says the region is its homeland and has push for independence for decades. for marco says it belongs to it had been a st. lead to a 16 year conflict before the 2 sides agree to a you and back sees far in 1991. today, more than 2 thirds of the region is controlled by morocco. and last month,

the netherlands joined the united states and other countries supporting morocco's plan to grant some autonomy. algeria is the main supporter of the policy area front, and many refugees from the region liver. ah. all right, let's bring in, i guess, now in new york we have ambassador cdo mar. he's the plethora of front representative of the united nations in casablanca. yes. mean has now a north africa affairs specialist than in lisbon. we have ricardo for bonnie, a project director for north africa at the international crisis group. a warm welcome to each one of you. thanks for joining us here today at record of abby arnie from the national crisis before i could start with you. how serious do you think this development is algeria suspending trading and breaking off this friendship agreement? i think it's pretty serious, particularly considering that this is only one episode in a long series of retaliatory measures. that algeria has been taking again against

spain over the past weeks. i think it shows very clearly that the junior leadership is very much bent on the idea that they wants to put maximum pressure as much pressure as possible. really, on spain, to push my grades to change position on this issue or otherwise they're ready to make spain a heavy prize for its diplomatic shift. and obviously this, i would say, obviously dangerous. and a warning for spain, particularly from a bilateral diplomatic perspective, considering the energy ties and the mike retort, the migration issues that tie the 2 countries. but it's also obviously warring for europe and the other european governments that can now see that taking a specific stance on this issue and is conflict without considering the point of view of other parties involved in this dispute, right. can actually bring

a very happy price. you mention energy there at the moment, child years, supply of gas to spain is still flying. might that come into question? to what degree could algeria, you know, weaponized gas supply, if you will? i don't think cal g area is really ready to weaponized. it's got supplies to spain simply because they know very well the leadership knows very well. that right now, given the situation in the ukraine and with russia, weaponized in gas would be seen as an acceptable move by the european governments who are just looking for reliable suppliers at this stage. but there are other things that algeria can do to try and put pressure on spain using gas. and one could be, for example, the re negotiations of gas prices with spain. so that would not be a fool out, a full blown if we knew what position of gas. but it would be

a way of using gas to put pressure on spain and to signal very clearly that our junior is displeased with the position muttered as they can on this ation. alright, yes, mean as now, how do you think this will happen? this will affect what happens in the region. now, algeria breaking ties off in this way with spain. well, 1st of all, it's important to recall the view were, you know, just a little bit very briefly about the beginning of the, of the tensions it's, it's basically it's, this tension is solely between morocco and algeria. since the reintegration of morocco in southern provinces in 1975, you know, all gerry came to move to the 2nd president to work with the and, and decided to, you know, to counter morocco and you legitimate that he's torkel claim to the western sahara it is important also to highlight that i'll jerry a decision to severe ties with either morocco, pain or any other country that is not aligned with morocco. as your preview speaker

stated, it's historically jimmy c regarding the moroccan, which comes as a response to a diplomatic success is achieved by morocco in the recent years. now i think that jury will continue whenever it see a country that is aligned with morocco or is aligned specifically with the u. n. a resolution that calls for a political solutions and the plan of autonomy. and i think that algeria will keep on severe ties with which every country that decided to, to, to align her to, to be aligned with rocco and this. and it doesn't serve the country, doesn't serve the world, especially now with their, with the conflict. what is that with, with russia and ukraine? so i think that, that, i mean, i think that, and we're recently we have seen countries like also germany, that is aligned with morocco. yeah. we're going to come on to that in a 2nd as we were going to come up as a broker and goes on. yeah, a legitimate claim to the western so hard to western sahara. i mean that in itself

is in dispute, isn't it? it's a mess, isn't it? and ultimately it demonstrates the need for morocco to step forward and sort this out without your absolutely, i mean the 2 and the 2 are the 2 opposing countries. it's a regional conflict. it's not even a conflict between entity, it's a conflict between morocco and algeria, and i think that's all dia, 34 resolutions are called for a political solutions called for algeria morocco's bed. and the police are ann marie tanius, specifically algeria to step up to the plate and participate in there at geneva, round table. that's that was started by a hearst caller and now as different the mr. rice calling for this sir, for, for the stocks. algeria used to take part in the stocks and what is the prize in is that it's, it's the exact, it's really impeding that a political process by the mere inside, with any country that, that is aligned or that these, that the real a solution is

a political solution that is a line for whatever morocco plan of autonomy. so i think that i think the 2 countries it is original conflict. i think that algeria needs to step up and think with morocco and for the 40 or as 7 a made their choice. you may be poor let's, let's bring ambassador cbm also impeding progress with algeria is impeding progress . what do you think of this? the search for the shift from spain towards the moroccan position and let me start? why are certain the record straight? the question of whistle sorrows, the colonization issue and international conflict between the french police are you and the kingdom of morocco as recognized by the united nations relevant resolutions . so currently one of you guys seem to be out of date in terms of the week political and legal nature of the she was also horror. oh, much actually has a heart all these issues we're talking about in the growing tension or our region is to be explained by one main fact. there's an regime that has been pursuing an

expansion and policy says, it's okay, look, look silly, i'm going to come on to that in the server. can i is just please on to the questions. what do you think of the shift from spain towards the moral composition? because that, that ultimately is what, what affects what's gonna happen regionally and will come on to the other, your other points. but please, on to that question 1st we will make this move. we cannot, yes, we cannot understand what is happening now in the region and the relations that you're talking about without putting it even briefly into its historical context. i know what would make a move on that. exactly. we're talking about. we're up with that. try to invade our julia installed are 1960 more ok with that you could buy and possibly how republic, more awkward has claimed more jania for many years. and tickets and 9 used to

recognize morocco which had tried to get pi spanish iceland in july 2002. this is a regime that has been seeing expansion with as a to record if i can come to you ricardo for viani from the national crisis group at. so what's your view about this as far as that's concerned, because the shift from spain is, is quite a distinct move, isn't it? and it was always likely to produce a response from algeria was no. so, i mean, we are talking about the country that. busy colonized the western sahara for several decades and most importantly that from a legal perspective is still considered as the colonial power of this territory since it, it lasted in $75.00. so in theory, this is a country that has a special responsibility, both historical, political and diplomatic, towards western sahara and towards a final settlement of this conflict. and the fact that this country has now moved from a relatively neutral stance to disposition of recognizing modern moral can solution

. the law can proposal as the best solution for the conflict is extremely meaningful. also considering the significance how we diaspora actually come up with his own proposal is on plan. and i think this is obviously problematic because it means that it's unclear really what do you a p and position here. here is, if there is a unified position of the that are actually several european positions. and they are not that that are not negotiated or planned in advance or coordinated with the un. which remains that main framework within which this conflict is supposed to be

a settled city. i'm off in the pony sorry, of front it. the fact is that international support is, is moving firmly in the direction of the american position is a growing number of nations voicing their support for the autonomy proposal. the fact remains that is your personal sahara isn't nicolai's, it's nice you on the agenda of the nation, but what do you think about that to what it, what do you think the fact that the international view is, is moving away from your point of view this is not true, we speaking about a position a few countries, that's what it is, but i'm talking. busy a few miles from the united nations, a quarter where the use used on the agenda of the full committee as decomposition issue. it is treated by this current council where france that you had mentioned in the, in the states of america sitting. and the position is one of calling for

a solution that provide us with a thought to termination of the people of western sahara. because simply, you cannot imagine and a united nations advocating and getting its blessing to an act, illegal occupation. this is what is her taking place on denominations as fully position with these few countries. we have hurt them, but we have to dig deeper to know what made spain changes position. it's black main pressure by these expansion respiration that i said even tried to compile some part of the spain. so the fact remains western far as you can on ice, it's an issue. and that will not be changed by a position by spain or any other country. because we live in a rules based international order that goes against illegal occupation of territories by force and shrines. the rights of peoples to self determination. and this is a,

what is the case and this is not as i had our people have been fighting for and they will continue to fight for their rights. no matter how these all that country expresses preferences for an illegal or proposal that has no basis. what sir, do you think that could now escalates into conflicts, edema, acidity, the physician taken by spain and other governance would only add to the instability the entire region. because we are, they are encouraging an expansionist regime to go on with its attempt to force and impose reality on the ground. we are in the world, as i said, based the rules based wool that goes against occupation. and that's why the, the legal patient, by morocco has never been recognized by the nations the united nations has never recognized the legal occupation of parts of let's have a republic which is a fool and fighting number of the african unit. so indeed, unfortunately,

these countries are just giving more ammunitions to the final state of morocco to nottingham seriously interview process, which the personal boy, mister franklin stewart trial, to revive after morocco breached as his fire in november, 2020. okay, a yasmin morocco's claim to the western saw to har is not recognized by the united nations. well, no, the western sahara construct is 1st of all only and solely under the security council. now we have seen are those countries like the united states, france as spain, which is the former colonizer, and that actually recognized the plan of autonomy which, which is under the moroccan sovereignty, which is, which claims that morocco to have the western sahara. and there it's a, it's sovereignty. so for me, i think that the problem is solved within it will be of a solved within, within the, secure it within the security council. and no other body,

not even the african union is responsible of this or to solve this issue only the security council we have seen more than $34.00 resolution that will for a political solution. the referendum is a bite on a referendum which, which we don't with for it for 18 years. it's a dead it or what a voice it all it can all her brother years we were wise the referendum that were what happened to it was pro way back a yes a pretty big because it's not credible. and because of the legit to me a legitimacy of the american, a american history over the western sahara that actually the country decided to endorse morocco. i think that the countries though are not waiting for the moroccan from europa to, to dictate them and like her, you know, what sir, what, what he said, i think it's not, it's not a black male spain, as the spanish prime minister for their centers has clearly stated that the current position of spain as a former, colonizer to the moroccan at western sahara,

should have been done, or should have been the dis colonizer, as should have been solved, done, 47 years ago. and you will see other countries in the european union that. ringback will suit a spain in this, in this claim. i think that the problem now is within algeria, it's algeria that actually impede in the, the peace process. it's algeria that needs to recognize the oracle implications to the impediment, to this artificial complex. i'll do, you need to step to the plate and parts ok. genuinely bound paper are geneva vertical. just you got 30 seconds care of the cold war. so i think that that would be the jury and he didn't need more. the all jury marine to full, the internal economics across the budget, and for the mingling in sierra war with the morocco, that won't lead anywhere. regard to be on a we can see we can see the difficulties, hey, call me morocco, regardless area as the southern provinces of morocco,

algeria regards is under occupation since 975, the u. n says it doesn't belong to anybody. what about the people who actually live there ricardo? is it clear what they want? i don't think we can say with certainty, given that the referendum or any sort of popular survey has never been conducted. we can not really say with certainty what the population wants, right? also because we're talking about a very complicated picture here, there are for highways who are based in the refugee camps intended for julia that i've had always who live in america controlled western sahara. and there are obviously, there's also a growing population of, let's say, moroccans who have moved to west sa. so really identifying with certain who, with clarity who wants to watch, has become, i would say, a very complicated matter. which is, you know, why, of course, we call,

we keep talking, we keep going back to the issue of the un framework and the fact that there needs to be some sort of compromise a solution. and most importantly, support for the un framework at this moment, given that unilateral moves, you know, that measures by individual international actor was not help settle, does issue for good as city if i can come to you, how does what is going on affect the lives of the people living in the region, the communities and so forth, give us a paint, a picture for us, what's going on. but from indeed her, what her, our people are living under in the you could pipe. there it is, of a sad are public is a pony, and that's happening. and without the scrutiny of the international community, because morocco a previous, anybody to go to the territory, even united nations specialist models are not allowed to go to the competitors of us. a higher republic,

where are people at facing all sorts of crimes against humanity, torture, disappearances, and all that. you can imagine unspeakable cruelty being. i practiced against them and for the simple reason for demanding their enable right to thought to termination and independence to be respected as in any part of the world. we're speaking about regime. that's as i said, build an expansion is narration that has been oppressing its own people who are rising, but nobody knows about that. and we're speaking about regime that recalls the stick to florida regimes in the middle ages. and it's really a ha error sometimes difficult to understand that still in the world where 21st century world, people do not know the real nature of the regime, ruling and morocco, which is one of the most and less qualified regions in the world to speak about human rights, and that really is part of this tragedy where peaceful small people are fighting

for the principal and fundamental rights. he has men of the same time, even as we can about yet you see their mother talking about a peaceful people fighting for their rights. well, i mean, it's their own rights, whatever they believe in, but i believe that it's important to a, to, to add to kind of your about the reality of the west moroccan western har, the south region. there are 80 percent of the salary population who live in the moroccan western sahara and will participate fully and freely in the public policies of the, of this region as well as at the national and, and, and local elections now at the level of teen due 13th of guns, one has to know that's the only can't in the words that we're not fenced. and because of algeria is not allowed the unit, she are to fence this a be this population. how can we know the number of this population they leave in dire positions happening at a dire condition? and they are vulnerable to the recruitment of, of the,

of terrorists that come from this ahead. so i think because of the not i think i'm, i mean this conflict because of this artificial conflict, these area is vulnerable. this area is prone to a terrorist recruitment in, in, specifically, in, in, in the tinder region. and there is a growing threat to the security of this i region and the main military in a basis. again, i'm going to go back that be juggling that i'm going to drop in the i'm so sorry, i'm sorry before you go back i, i just have to jump them to come towards the end of the program. and i want to give one final question to record of her be on let's come back full circle to spain's position, which isn't cut and dried because there's a lot of opposition to it. in the political hierarchy in spain listener. yes, absolutely. i mean, this is the country that as i mentioned before, has long standing ties with both morocco and with this, how we population and with how we diaspora of these present on its own national territory. so it's only natural that this position taken by the government has been

and it's still i would say, contested by significant sections of the population. we know, for example, that the junior partner of the ruling coalition for them was, has already denounced this shift, saying that it doesn't really represent the opinion of the majority of the spanish population surveys. point exactly to that. the fact that the majority of spaniards don't seem to back the decision of this government and have been there's been criticism even coming from the rights, particularly regarding what spain has or has not really obtain in return for this, for dis moved. so i would say that even within spain, the debate is still very lively, and there are still significant questions regarding the, let's say, the logic of this moves and the benefits of this shift while trying to talk to la 50, a dispute in 20 minutes or so as a real challenge, but we do thank you for joining us today to try and take it on the video ma. yeah,

i mean has now and record if i be on it. thanks a lot and thank you for watching. you can see the program again. any time by visiting a website out there a dot com and for further discussion, just go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com forward slash a j inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter. handle is at a j inside stored, remain that clock in the entire team here. and so it's good bye for now. the me al jazeera sets the stage, so lots of women carrying very young children. this one, for example, is only a month and a half global lex bags and discussion color. something about the impact on the climate change is having on the fathers that you work with. voices from different corners. when the whales are empty, people fight foreign programs that open your eyes to an alternative. dean either

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