like these from the gemstones, the women say working at the mine is empowering. most of them are survivors of abuse and embed circumstances at home. in this has been a safe place for them to come to may the same in that's when they come to work here . they are able to get out of situations that they've been in because before they were depending on their partner and they couldn't get out of situations in this place, is provide a little that opportunity to get out of always economy has been in crisis for years in place and jumped to more than 130 percent in may. families are struggling. this is mainly a farming area. each family has a small piece of land with the go crops to eat or sal, but they still struggle to make ends meet. like if we're out of the country, finding a proper job is difficult. patina. ma cooper's husband is too ill to get a job working at the mine. she is now a family's breadwinner. some people tell her and her colleagues that men can do

their jobs better and foster, but they say that doesn't bother them. they are grateful they can provide for the children during these tough times. harder matessa al jazeera, who, wrongly zimbabwe. ah, no, again, i'm fully valuable with the headlines on al jazeera, asian stalks have fallen sharply after a spike in inflation. in the united states. japan's ne k and the cost been south korea both fell more than 3 percent. while the indian droopy has hit a record low again, c. u. s. dollar. rob mcbride is insole with more. there are also a local concerns here which have made the market so jittery. we have another cobit 19 outbreak in bay gene. that is prompted concerns that once again, the chinese authorities pursuing this policy of 0 covey. it may take the decision to close down parts of the chinese capital once more impacting our port. and so

they're all these continuing fears that with this inflationary rates that so the u . s. federal reserve may once again raise interest rates in the u. s. a bipartisan group of senators have agreed on a plan for title, gun control after a series of my shootings. the proposal focuses on so called red flag laws, which are aimed at preventing people who may be a threat to themselves or others from buying guns in france, resin, dominion, macros, majority in the national assembly hangs in the balance. preliminary results put his sentries, coalition, neck, and neck, with its left wing rival after the 1st fond of parliamentary elections. members of the largest political block in iraq's parliament have resigned. after 8 months of deadlock, over forming a government. it follows a request from their leader, the shia cleric mach tata on santa police. in brazil say they're found items belonging to a reporter and indigenous rights expert who went missing in the amazon, a backpack,

a laptop and an id card were found in the eater, coy river burner. pereira and dumb phillips disappeared a week ago, and millions of people are being tested for corona virus in beijing, at least 183 people have been infected with cove 19 after one sick person went to several bars in a 2 week period. and those are the headlines on al jazeera. i'll be back with more news after inside story. we understand the differences and similarities of cultures across the world. so no matter where you call out to sara, we'll bring you the news and current affairs that mattie al jazeera one child in 10 around the world is forced into work, but progress on eliminating child labor. her story un says poverty and rising

living costs could create millions more child labor is. so what will it take to bring that to an end? this is inside story with hello there and welcome to the program. i'm laura kyle. every day, an estimated 160000000 children are forced to work often in dangerous conditions. some are as young as 5 years old. this is united nations world, day against child labor is calling for better social protections. so parents aren't forced to send their youngsters to work. these include free education, child care, and child support payments. it's one of 6 points of action agreed last month as a lab, international labor organization conference in south africa. delegates were told that another $9000000.00 children could be pushed into the workforce by the end of

the year. one rescued child work from india explained how access to education helped end child labor in her village would immediately beattie. i'm the 1st girl to complete class 12 exams in my community. just like right now there is no child doing labor in my village. there should be no che labor in any part of the world. i want to ask you a question. we kids don't have the authority to cost a lot. so should we have the ought to be to do child labor? isn't the children fault that we are born in a small village, so we don't have the right to childhood with freedom. we also won freedom. we also won the right to education, but in many countries, children have no choice but to earn a living that's a growing concern. as high inflation pushes up the cost of food, energy, and housing worldwide gone, no one. and i am the eldest in the family, and so i am in charge of supporting my sisters and brother and helping my mother find food. in the morning, i do the chores,

then i come to work to search for gold. if we find something i buy the food, then i make the meal school is not an option for me or any of the children here. atlanta for forced me to work as a situation. my father is unwell and can't work anymore. and i only have one brother up working from time to time during the month. while children across the globe are routinely engaged to in, paid and unpaid forms of work. so would actually constitute child labor. well, in national no classified children, as child labors when they carry out any work was under 13 years of age. 18 is the minimum age for carrying out work considered harmful long term with physically, emotionally or mentally. although child labor can increase a household income in the long term, it perpetuates household poverty. a more child work, because in the economy, the lower their wages and latest estimate suggest child labor is increasing. amongst children,

age 5 to 11. are now at least 16800000 more child labor's than in 2000, and 1640 percent of them carry out dangerous work. the . let's bring in august now and in new delhi, we have shanta sinner, founder of m. v foundation. that's a charity working on ending child labor in new york, stephen blight, global senior child protection advice at the you and children's agency units f. and in dhaka and biologists, actor the founder of our foundation and a former child worker in the garment industry. i will welcome to all of you shanta . if i could start with you, just to give us a bit more of a broader idea as to what child labor actually means, is it only when a child is working, instead of going to school, does it include children who might say, work in a family shop after school or help periodically with the harvest,

what does it actually involve? i would strive by saying that's fine. labor should be defined as children of the school. you know, and also say that the time does not attending school and then in town on the other and you will, if she's not in some form of work today, she's going to be only open until labor force. so i would try and they would as in charge of the school and trying to score, i should still think that the time before and after school hours should not be working, which is a better month attending school and participating in school as an equal citizen in fact, i take a really strong style on the matter saying that you wouldn't report an after school hours today from margin lives in published communities that the otherwise you

should have the phone books and should be able to get faster. be attention enough money you yourself or a child laborer does what you did and why you did it. thank you. well i, i did it because it is very poor and i need to support my family. that if i started watching the age of 11 and i work like 10 to 14 hours in a day, and it's not that a very good journey are really interesting things for us. and also, you know, that one of the challenges, what does my mother also work in the actually, and she's not earning much more than me. so that is also one of the issues, because the minimally living was, is needed for adults and balance. because that is why sometimes they're the

motivated also and also what we're facing in my country and also the country. because children are mostly do a very unique kind of work if i'm going to the very last lives at each jewelry, lag address, and daddy and also very, i have that us in the us work. children are there is very much usable. and also that children, when you shuttled you early, they are scared that they can do more work. so this kind of seems to be going on and abuse are a digit, and there is no really doing that is no good system for things. and we don't have an action plan. so it's very difficult also that when the family is not getting proper with benefit and social action insurance

policy, a lot of issues are at this thing. and also another issue is that i live, it is interesting because most of the lumens weren't working. no child can only guess center. all the law is required and you can do quit and submission there must be lumens or slot writing. so this is also one of the challenge that this is that children and she said living in the village and 2 months maybe as separate from the parents of so many issues. and also, you know, mostly the informal sector. so informal sift are where the legally is not require a job on track. and the piece of that is that all men and children are abused and what, what doesn't have any recognition and then not have that as like a workshop. the transportation factory that they're working and that's,

that is one of the issues is very much if you can just briefly about you started at age 11. so that means you left school at age 11. we were ever able to return again to school long because i didn't will back to return to school because i want to be like more than 80 years. and then i realized because how i did print from the education, how i did, my gosh, as a citizen, as a fundamental as a child. so that is say, when i work in the, actually when i lost my job, i was union organizer. and i had another issue and then i decided i should do something for our cell but should do something more on to them association, freedom of access, air expression and how do we use these kind of expectations i live? and i also let me speak on that. i love that issue when i was young until now and

trying to week was foundation. we're trying to get it on our gosh. i certainly want to come back and get more of an idea of the, of the success of your work so far. but just for the moment i want to bring steven into the discussion. i think that was very clearly showed us some of the push factors that push children into labor and also how that can have a negative effect on the child and the family because the children don't get the education. but stephen, can you give us an more of an idea of where we see these cases of child labor and what are the factors that lead to massive pockets of them in certain parts of the world? and thanks forgot. and i mean, one thing to keep in mind is over the last few decades, there's been a, you know, a trend downwards in terms of prevalence of child labor. so there has been progress that's been made. but where that progress has stalled,

what we've been 10 pointing is and firstly in sub saharan africa. and secondly, the, i'm agriculture all sector. ok. so about, you know, $160000000.00 out of, of are in child labor about $86000000.00 are in sub saharan africa, and 70 percent of those in child labor are in, in agriculture. why do you think that is the well, in terms of the regional trends, there is that there's a number of factors that sort of come together in sub saharan africa. one is relatively high level of poverty in sub saharan africa. the level economic in formality,

which means that their workplaces are less regulated. social protection systems are relatively weaker in many of the countries in that continent. education, i'm an access to free and quality education is weaker. we also have larger growth in the younger age population in sub saharan africa. and i think you mentioned before, we're seeing a big growth in the 5 to 11 year olds in child labor. and then finally, i think issues of state rigidity, crisis conflict situations. i mean, are regions of the have these that contribute to child labor? but i think there might be a greater convergence in subsaharan africa, certainly when it, you know, concerns high levels of small holder agriculture. ok. so i want to return to that

point in just a moment, but just before we do shanta, i want to get an idea from you whether you use or a similar trend that in india, the numbers of child labor is declining, stalling off the 2016 and whether he was saying rising numbers in agriculture as well, i intend through the last ticket that has been was decreasing in india, and that is not to do with the laws or on the education of children going to school. you just safety as the state action on the rafters, but i'm sure ping the situation has already gone back and children that again back in was back and gotten back and forth lives back in gregory. and so in a way, i think that there is an exacerbation of the one that the need for the d

and a better to go and work number 2. they're not going back into books. i should write to say, you know, there's one point that normally let me say that or this is not what i think on this is happening because it is state complacency and state inaction. this is just not enough in just the birthday children and even the state begins to argue that children are working well. i think they will have some that abandoned. what would you give me more than what would be i think that would be awesome, and that makes children well there shows of t playbook. they can exploit it and taught to buffer long hours. in fact, we had, she is the 2nd we did bring her from also the schools, the region for women went up with me 5 times protection systems and began to

function. schools began to function in the back try and they both cost would be depressed. they just grew up in law for your life in the family. i mean, you should stop arguing that children are poor and so they have to considered how great that entitlement orders. they are not responsible for the forward g. u and we are responsible and the state is even more responsible and they take care of children. justice is what we should talk about in the equality and argument for equality and what the broker works. i'm really, really not anymore to do the analysis of why i leave, but i think there are none from us. do experiences and talk about how to bring to the school. i think i mentioned how so. so important and we will get on to that in just a moment. first, i want to check with nancy my whether you agree with santa that is

a state in action. that is the reason the main driver of these high high numbers of child labor is that we're saying, and is this the case that you're saying in bangladesh? yes, i'm totally agree with that now. what she said on some of the tea play by and what i really mentioned earlier that the parents need to be sent with this and dissent working condition. that is also one of the issues and also for because of quality of education education as not a properly happening back to recently that i love this compliment is written by i look convention 138 and does my last march. but it's not only that education back, they need to be also action plan how they have to function level the certification, even our country, the last state. if you're below a workers,

you need to get 5 are slack and rest of the hour for education and recreation, but nobody's online is and that's, and that is, i still has a lot of responsibility for food and education and social protection and sealed as one of our group, all kind of things are very much at well candy like well, the dish. oh was dear to them. it was back in 2015 world leaders committed to ending all forms of child labor by 2025. that's 3 years away. why have they not done it? you know, it's, it says, i saw santa for example, mentioned, i mean, this is our rights issue. there's been a number of international treaties. there's been the 2 ilo treaties that i think are referenced as a convention on the rights of the child and as well. and, and, and so any child and labor is a, is not tolerable. and we all have an obligation to to bring it to an end.

progress has been made on since 2015 as, as mentioned. but it is a stalled. and um, one of the areas, one of the factors i think we have to look at is the, the impact of our coven 19. which hm. you know, as well as, um, increasing poverty. it highs on um, as well. and you know, kids stop going to school if schools were closed and i'm not brought more and more of them back into family agriculture as families. i know their family occupations as you know, the parents didn't of the child care and under was no alternative other than than work. so that's been a big set back to our got to our efforts i think to, to you know, get, get back on track. i, i, you know,

in the current context, i mean, you're really, really need to double down on this some social protection element. making sure that, that poor families get the income support necessary to get them to their kids don't resort to working. and then stepping up the work to get kids back into school and to keep them in school. so we don't want to see the an outcome of the coven 19 crisis. i being a big increase in child labor. santa, as you said, we need to about what needs to be done and this is one big theme of this is un day for child labor. do you feel that it is a priority for governments that they have taken this on board and they're going to create this social protection for people with a real desire to enter child labor?

oh, i do hope it can happen, but so far, one has not seen signs with children as it comes in trying to do what is he making for school. when during the course of course they were totally lost documents spoken about after over by the id and the you and agencies or so. but then because not to the by the or gotten that's already and within the countries. i think that have structure, the need to doubling the investment to get children back into school after forward, you know, and on to be showing them, telling us that last or last your dreams and aspirations for higher education cannot be just true of the that we will bring you back to school, that kind of worries a strong walker from this jefferson. that's his dark gum. i think he wants to have both the centralized movement and the noise and seeing that we care for you get

back to schools and then making the school ready for the loss of registration, making the school ready for the drawbridge courses group actually did learning through all the talking to, to, to walk. ringback through during the summer, during the wheel and therefore, you know, your rents are not going to be then on what you're doing and going to connect with the board children. so important thing of that sorta. so what happened? i'm not sure this is happened in other countries, but you know, generally when one reads of literature in the matter, it seems there are gone from. but then action is warranty. exactly. but i want to bring you in at this point because i want to know if we do have any positive examples of where this has happened and where it is worked.

yeah, that was, i mean, you mentioned on the durban called to auction the recent conference that took place and on, you know, given and you know, you were accepting the points that conferences don't to solve problems, but they do serve a couple of important functions. one is, is to share those experiences and i, and good practices, and then to, you know, re forge that, that tom, that government commitment. so we've seen a number of positive examples from around the world where the schools, for example, undertook over each programs to get those kids who were at risk. i'm going into labor back into school and keeping them there. we've seen a big and a number of countries. i big expansion, social protection measures,

cost grants for children with that for families with children. that were i think accelerated during the covered 1900 conduct as, as, as a response. and we're also seeing, we have to keep in mind that there's also a supply chain, right? and many of the products that are engaged in producing and up in you know, in, in consumer societies and responsible businesses need to have some responsibility to look at their supply chains. you know, back to where the raw materials are source. absolutely, and then we're up to the point to make to now that because we are running, sorry, we're running a little bit out of time, but that's been bangladesh. is a country large number of multinational working it in the garment industry. how much of this is an issue that those multi national companies should be taking on

board as well as the governments of the country else? oh, thank you a and i used to be since 90 or do you still with us. i live on was that and tactic question. she didn't was working since 19, but after grad z a and e and fighting for a industry. so we don't have that in the government sector like it's i live, but we have, it didn't like it or in 16 years or weren't working. so, but we also explore being a local market. there is a lot of children are using an issue because of that system.

we do have to live at the point is we have run out of time for this discussion. it's a shame, it's a very interesting discussion indeed. but for the moment, thank you very much. so i guess shanta seen her stephen blight and not my actor for joining us. and thank you to for watching. you can see this program again, any time by visiting our website that's out there a dot com and for further discussion do go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ha inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter. i'll handle it as a j inside story. from me laura kyle: and the whole team here, endo hall. bye for now. ah, for 4 weeks, america in gold didn't protest every day, all over the us. even as the country faces the continued threat of

a deadly pandemic, and it morphed into a movement calling for police reforms, sometimes it was violent, but mostly it was peaceful. we asked people to describe what america is now feeling . i think people want change. and i think people are willing to do whatever it takes to get there on friday. billions of people in america are expected to celebrate what's called june 18th and unofficial holiday. commemorating the end of slavery in the united states. this year in the wake of the nationwide protests, there is a growing number of calls to make it an official federal holiday. as people see it as a great opportunity to take to the streets, to continue to let their message be heard. with mental disease accounts 15 percent of all debt to children and with

a production launch. rob with a lot of people who don't new way with ah .