great, original connectivity and trade among asian countries. as part of the larger asian highway network, quad leverage is going to be that kind of a catalyst for future development bodies. but lot of things need to be done to big discuss list reality specially different supporting programs seem to be debt. many businesses have grown near the fade terminals, and most of them will now have to shut down glucose. hopefully you got it on. we have been doing business here for a long time. our livelihood is dependent on this. yes, the bridge will hurt our business. we have no choice but to look for new business or shift our location. there was some initial controversy after the world bank brought corruption allegation regarding its funding, which was later dismissed by a canadian code. but many here are proud bangladesh has built a bridge of this size using its own resources. they say it's a landmark achievement. turnville child re al jazeera mo, up bangladesh. ah

hem again. the headlines on al jazeera, several you a states are moving to ban or restrict abortion after the supreme court reversed the ruling that allowed the procedure. people are al, protesting or celebrating the decision for the 2nd day. heidi, so counselor has the latest from washington d. c. there have been relatively continuous protest. you're outside the u. s. supreme court now going on more than 24 hours since that monumental case coming out of this building, which essentially divided the country in half in terms of where you can get an abortion of american women and where you can. we're feeling those shock waves still roll across the country with now at 20 us state inactive immediate bands or effects of bands on abortion. and you can just feel the energy here of people who are very angry about this. also in the u. s. significant gun control legislation has been

signed into law for the 1st time in 3 decades. it softens, background checks and help states put in place laws that make it easier to remove weapons from people who are deem dangerous. police in norway, se a shooting outside again, night club and as low as an act of terrorism. 2 people were killed in more than 14 injured. a 42 year old suspect was arrested. i've gone to san taliban government has promised not to interfere with a distribution after the worst earthquake there. in decades, at least 1100 people were killed. an entire villages destroyed people in remote regions or desperate for food, shelter, and drinking water. ukraine interests so withdrawn from the strategic eastern city of sir verizon. yes, after the order was given to pull back on friday. russian forces are now moving around the 2nd city in the loo, hung, screech and moroccan authority say 18 migrants have been killed while storming to border separating the spanish enclave of malea. from morocco, spain set about 100. 30 people succeeded in reaching defence. iran. foreign

minister says to hon is ready to resume talks on reviving the 2015 nuclear deal. he's been hosting the european union popped up on joseph beretta with us talks involving the u. s. will begin in the coming days for news at the top of the hour right here on al jazeera, but up next it's people and power. thanks for watching news . news, news. news, the wind bitcoin and other crypto currencies 1st period. well, over a decade ago,

few people could have mentioned how widespread they become. now these various forms of digital money are in common use, if not yet universally understood. but where exactly do they come from? who uses them? and what for better or worse might be the long term consequences. we sent reporter rory challenge in search of ounces. ah ah, in an e? well, the crypto currencies money's got strange. the 13 years and big coins, creation of being a roller coaster ride own from the financial crashes, money liberation from central banks. bitcoin is

a person to person electronic cash system. think of them like token the buy like very much. now of course, this is just a prob, crypto currencies are purely digital and we access them in a digital wallet. we can send them anywhere in the world in a flash. if a business accepts it, you can buy goods and services. you can think on. it's built on the block chain, a decentralized database of transactions that's transparent and secure, but bitcoin can get pretty wild crypto currencies have no controller except the markets. people have made fortunes and lost them, their value can go. 6 way, way, way up. oh, come crushing. oh no. but where does it come from? what does it cost upon it? is it the future of money or the useful has money? it's all. my name is rory challenge, and i want to find out who's

my 1st destination. pennsylvania a u. s. states that is fully embraced crit bitco, and he's going to take over the world. it'll have to conquer america, and it's making good progress. recent survey suggest about a face for the american adults that already bought into crypto. so now that i'm here, i better get some right. this is shane bites inside is a man who's trying to make buying big cohen as easy as possible eyes. hey, rory, let me check. i don't mean to like very much. so the machines. yes they are. you want to use one i do because i don't have, i don't have any back going. so what do i do? this is brave you over me. first is click on the screen, get it started. yeah. you're gonna buy decline. it's like how much you want to buy . so here we go. 10 bucks. lots of the big spenders, just in the so that's, that's it. and then you can look on your wall and you can see you got to pick 1. 0

says it's pending. yep, that's it. i mean, you got it. every grill has been buying and selling bitcoin since the early days. now he runs a company that makes crypto currency atm stick won't solve one of the problems that we've faced for years and years and years, which is the government controls money. and you have a central authority controlling money. and so what that means is that people, you know, they just print it, the value it, and you can't count on anything. i don't know how many dollars are going to print next year, but i know exactly how many big ones are going to be issued. so can we call that currency? sure, we could, i can't say it's, it's the best currency the just on the planet. but the currency needs to be spindle, and i'm going to put this to the test. 50 is supposedly one of the most crypto friendly places in the state of mass talking about the city having its own digital coin. basketball team is sponsored by crypto dot com. so using my new bitcoin here should be easy. a check out coin map,

a website that says it shows every business in the world that take fit coin for the 50 area for the list of only around 20, pick up the phone and start calling them. 1 6 1 1 ringback oh, good afternoon. coin this payment. yeah. you doing? all right, thank you very much to buy as we move through the list as similar story. no. okay, well, do you guys accept bitcoin as payment there? now we do not know did, did you ever be used 2 years ago? and then what happens, why did you stop? the technology was too hard to maintain regularly and had the staff isn't sure what bitcoin really is just not feeling like using it. tears, like the coins evangelists, may say, it's the feature of money, but the vast majority of business is listed as accepting it. don't. until do you

guys accept bitcoin as payments? you do? they invited us down for lunch. this is the sum paid food truck, the home, so they say some of the best barbecue sandwiches in town. what can i get? so we have brick, pork and chicken. jessica and her partner began accepting bitcoin in 2015 and say, unlike others, they will continue to do so. can i pay with? yes, you can. or this next amazing. thank you very, very much. a lot of the people that were accepting bitcoin in the city and they stopped, you know, they saw how to cycle and how it kept fluctuating. and i think it really scared a lot of people away, but you kept us, but we kept at it. yeah. why, i don't know, it's just something we believe in. we just believe that crypto was the future. do you worry a total about the security of it or the whether it's a scam and anyway,

i worry more about the dollar than i do bitcoin. i do believe it's going to be the currency of the world, but if it is bit going, has a long way to go. few american seem to be spending it for most is just another investment. but where does big coin come from anyway? i'm heading into the pennsylvania countryside to find out when i get their future finance is a little money than i imagined. i jeff, i make the most or what does that noise? what you're hearing are the klein miners, the, the big one is in the baseline liners. you can see all the little fans in there. there's a little computer on each one of those fans. jeff campbell is the lead engineer at stronghold digital mining. it has 12000 specialized computer processes. we're looking for $200.00. this is a long number and everybody in the world is working on the same equation. they're

all trying to find the same number. and if you get it, if you get it, you get 6.25, that point right now. and how often do you get it every time that somebody on in the world finds that number? this high tech lottery serves to function. mine is race to verify the newest transactions made everywhere on the bitcoin network. the winner is rewarded in bitcoin. it's an entirely digital process, and it used to be done by amazon enthusiasts on home computers. these days, it's big business, and the u. s. does more of it than anywhere else. worldwide, we're going through more combinations of numbers and there are grains of sand on the earth. so you can say it's profitable if you can find that grain as those profits are putting in bigger and bigger, operates as a 21st century gold rush. but here's the catch. bitcoin was designed on a system called proof of work. the more processes get thrown at it, the heart of the algorithms become,

the harder the algorithms become more computers and needed. it's an energy guzzling arms race. and this is how strong holds operation gets his power, their own dedicated power station. it burns fossil fuels, coal waste, with all the greenhouse gas emissions that entails strong old c, e. o. greg beer takes me into the hissing, roaring heart of the beast. they seem to remarket with me. the oldest kind of brute industrial power is just going to make something that you can't even touch it, or if the digital currency that kind of floats around in the, in the curtis where it is after the old world, industrial mates near, well finance. but what's the environmental cost of all this cambridge university says, bitcoin pumps out as much c o $2.00 per year as a country like the czech republic and consumes as much energy as the whole of

highlands. then greg tells me something astounding when we started the project. 4 or 5 years ago, the mining economics for bitcoin were really enough to support the plant. thankfully the state of pennsylvania in a, in a bipartisan way, modified the rules a bit to allow us to earn more of a, what's called the renewable energy credit. and that isn't that plus higher power prices was a port is running today. so pennsylvania not only called coal waste, an alternative energy source, it actually subsidizes stronghold to burn the stuff to make bitcoin. how can this be? oh, because of this in the toxic legacy of nearly a century of coal mining coal fat, the furnace is a pennsylvania is once mighty steel industry. and this waste,

sprawling across the state in vast sly keeps, is the low quality material left over from the mining acid and poisonous heavy metals. leach out at them, bill spends his strong whole digital mining chairman. i feel as if america had in the world had a party here, and then we will come the next morning with the residual garbage leftover and they're having to clean up after the party like the state of pennsylvania. he won't seize heaps gone. he says he's using the states alternative energy incentives and the profits from big coin mining to make that happen. but coal is the dirtiest source of power there is. and coal waste is especially inefficient. so i asked bell the obvious question. do you think that the c o 2 emissions are a justifiable byproduct of clearing this landscape?

i absolutely do. and what i'm asking you is just stop a minute. look at this. i understand where people say it's not perfect, but how many things in life are perfect. i, i mean, rory, i mean don't let perfect be the enemy of very good. so do you consider yourself an environmentalist? i absolutely consider myself an environmentalist. bill and he's colleagues firmly convinced that they're doing what is best for this area . i have a feeling people campaigning against climate change. i'm going to disagree who i'm on my way to meet one has another coal waste power station. right, makes my spect chimney. there are plenty of bitcoin miners who say their operations are green, but most tend to seek out the cheapest energy, whatever it source. this is russell's ebay,

who works for the clean air council. the interesting thing about big coin is you could do it in the cleanest way possible, or you can do it in the dirtiest way possible. and as long as there are government subsidies to do it, in the dirtiest way possible, people will keep burning co ways to generate the coin was supposed to be moving towards the next 0 future, reducing carbon emissions to nothing by 2050. how does that fit with bitco? it's huge energy consumption. it does not the introduction of crypto currency and its energy consumption is such a massive step backward for environmental efforts efforts to confront climate change. russell says several states in the us or considering banning bitcoin mining, but not pennsylvania globally, as a growing list of countries that have already outlawed it. china being the most

significant one of the other things i've heard about big coin. it's a haven for criminals. crypto links crime says to record levels in 2021, up 79 percent from the year before. i want to know what's behind this. galvis. greek is a former f b i. agents who now works for a company investigating crypto crime. criminals are using crypto. the very same reason why the vast majority of crypto users use it for that speed, liquidity, and cross border nature. what are the kind of crimes that we see around crypto? they're doing everything in this virtual asset world that they were doing in the regular world, particularly scans and frauds, make up the largest category of elicit use of crypto. but you don't think this actually is a problem with crypto itself. you know, there's nothing inherently evil or bad about crypto itself is just simply another method for value transfer. criminal stole $14000000000.00 in crypto currencies last

year. or we see any kind of state involvement in this we have seen, elicit use of hacking by north koreans. for example. in fact, they're responsible for hacking over a $1000000000.00 in exchange hacks in the past. but galvis also says the transparency nature of crypto is block chain ledger actually gives investigators a treasure trove of data to work with. so for example, if there was an eliza transaction, where a little lady was scammed out of her money and they, and she said, no, i paid them bitcoin. well they, they can look at that transaction and see where that woman's bitcoin went to. and from there they can then engage legal process to either freeze that account or seek recovery from that victim. and that's why that's so important. ah, my next stop is london, one of the wells financial hubs. i want to see what government and central banks think of this brave new world. easier said than done. we are central banks both in

the united states and here in england to talk to us about like know why? well, many central banks are undecided what to do about technology designed to break their control of money. i've come to meet harriet baldwin, a british conservative n p, a former investment banker, and a member of the treasury select committee which examines government's economic policy. do you think the central bank should be scared to chris? i kind of states. i think they're all looking at it. i think it's going to be important to coordinate the approach amongst the developed world. central banks. i think, you know, there is also the risk that these currencies could end up being the, you know, the hewlett bulbs of the 21st century. 15 of i was, i mean, it could be a bubble. people could be buying something for way above the value that someone else will pay in the future to take it off the hands and they could lose a lot of money in the process. and that was something that they discover is

actually just lines of code and doesn't have intrinsic value because no one else will accept payments. does crypto currency development pose a threats to financial stability? it could be potentially, if it becomes a much more significant size in the well financial markets. at the moment all the evidence we've had on the treasury select committee is that it's still a very small proportion of the world's asset base. and so therefore, we've been told that it doesn't pose a threat to financial stability at this level box. what happens when a nation state does jump with both feet into this weird new world? how are they terminated? i have come to a country that boldly gone when no other has good itself into a unique fiscal petri dish. awe is assigned to baker beach. now this,

this is where the experiment started. ro, salvador free is back. a clique of crypto converts began transforming the surf town of els on tape. they persuaded people to join a local circular economy based on bitcoin. but all of el salvador is bitcoin beach. now, last summer, the country's president and i had be kaylee, rushed through a law that elevated bitcoin to legal tender alongside the us dollar. know how the government has taken such a gamble with national finances. i'm interested to hear what the founders of big coin beach think of it all. roman martinez, his one of them is beautiful. that dream, that star is super small. now is more bigger than our sub or and mainly people around the world dreaming with our country. and i, jamie patricio, dennis,

missionary, 70 percent of santa they're into for world blankets. and that means they've got your bank account right now. bank account, any kind of financial service a now as soon speeds can arrive in our community, will start to seen. people say, be morning people transacting digital people, receiving and making digital payments. people buying an asset for the 1st time. people sending money from all saba to the usa from the usa tools hobbler because beat gung is the bread monetary net or the humanity ever hot. you know, these are the big claims and i want to find out if the coin really has transformed this country. bitcoin beach seems the obvious place to start, but at the place i stop for lunch. crypto isn't welcome. if you're going to pay me, pay me with money because i want to go to the grocery store. i want to go pay my

debts. i want to make sure that it's being done. do you even consider it to be money? no. what is it? it's a fools, aaron. i asked at several other places to some accept it, but plenty don't. ah. the large majority of people in this developing country live on subsistence incomes . how are they responding to such a huge experiment? ok, quite a is an assistant professor of latin american studies at dartmouth university in the u. s. is also a salvador. him and jorge took his round the vibrant working class street markets of the capital san salvador. i mean so far, because it has done very little to change the dynamics of the marketplace here in san salvador, you might see a couple of sizes. say we accept between, but when you actually go up to the souls and ask people have to take some point.

they're like, you know, i'd appreciate if you dollars else. i what was government sponsored, a national digital wallet called chiva. but early tech glitches put people off many checked in to cash out a $30.00 welcoming sweetener. and haven't touched it since we spot still where the chiva sticker. i sent that you but you told me that the sticker is there only to abide by the law that they have to take it if someone showed up. so what do you think the actual uptake be going to be in these kinds of environments and in the daily transactions that people know, the court is not a president at all. in march el salvador chamber of commerce said 86 percent of businesses hadn't made any bitcoin sales. a really actually benefits for bakery. so as big quinn is laid out now, most of that the wealth generation and the wealth distribution goes to about 0.01

percent of all big coin owners. they're the ones who have about 27 percent of all big coin worldwide. so 0.01 percent of the tiny, tiny percent owns 27 percent. exactly. and that, that those are the big coin wales. those are many of the people who are behind big queen, booster ism and, and the ones who are creating all these different kinds of enterprises and businesses and ventures in places like el salvador. and presumably it's in the interests of coin owners to keep the height going. right. i think that's exactly right in salvador, bringing people into bitcoin. it's part of this process of trying to inflate the value and trying to hit those kind of milestones that many of these lead bitcoin holders are hoping for. to me, that sounds different from a 3rd grade. it's exactly a pyramid scheme, multi level marketing, where you need more people to enter into that space and try to keep the value up

and keep the party going. when bitcoin, critics say the whole things a pyramid scheme they point to the events laid on by crypto currency firms, events like this is called heels for bitcoin. and it's hosted by a company called packs full now is a good time to buy in the salvador in women. it's holes and other packs for event 3 days later. and the star guest is el salvador was youngest ever congresswoman 27 year old dani gonzalez helped passed a bit coin law here to make big coin legal tender countries also want to be like us have other talking about the specific le hello has many critics. i doesn't it, sir, the i m f is recommended that alex i will go drop it because it's just too risky. so why is it still operating our democratic country? and i mean, we have our president, our government are on congress. and any, this is shown made or comments made for other institutions around the world. i mean,

there they are. are people who recommend things, but it doesn't mean though weren't going to do those things. this is el salvador was tech enthusiast, president nyah, be kaylee. how much his bitcoin experiments has cost hasn't been disclosed. and this secrecy concerns many, the bill could be $400000000.00 a, some economists, and every dip below el salvador, bitcoin purchase price hits the country's coffers, dinner. how much money has been the host, lucy, and actually this is how get them works. we're waiting in the future for a have more gains are about be going. so it's just a matter of time. this comes to the very heart of the bitcoin question. many millions of people around the world have bought into bickley, hoping to ride a wave of riches father using it as a speculative investment at a risky and environmentally damaging one that most people have never use. it has

money and it's difficult to see why they ever should. what is soaring in value? why would you want to spend it when it's plummeting in value? who would want to receive it? the thing that makes bitcoin so attractive to investors, the crazy lunches in value is the same thing that's holding it back from becoming mainstream currency. it's basically too exciting to be money. bitcoin needs to be boring. at the moment. it's anything box. ah, lou, europe's grand capitals are littered with monuments loading their imperial passion and their museums filled with artifact spoil the war and occupation uprooted from their places of origin. people in power explores the heated debate are all right

from ownership and meets activists taking matters into their own out of africa on a jessina. ah, a good criminal drug dealing shifted to places beyond the reach of the many people in the afghan government way involved in the drug trade. gorilla was in columbia and to mexico, where the called tales have been responsible for a muscle, a spiral of violence. the final episode of drug trafficking politics. our

territories on al jazeera holding the powerful to account. as we examined the ulysses roll in the world on al jazeera, witnessed the ocean witnesses slain is witnessed, differences, witness change. witnesses, happiness, witness, blood, witness. sunlight, witness the flood witness. last witness. charity, witness, confusion, witness clarity, witness. family and witness. friends. witness the beginning. witness. the end witness. life witness. when al jazeera ah, there are how many men, why? there are too many people who need help protect.