black bis debt, socialized people in this rest of your mylan regency, they are living under constant fear. authorities have stepped up patrols and said they are trying to respond to incidents faster. they admit they cannot completely stop these attacks, but insist they are trying to prevent them by raising awareness. pardon him at the al jazeera new delhi. hong kong is marking 25 years since the territory turned over to china with a special light show. it all culminates with a celebration on july, the 1st in the hand over from british rule, begging agree to a high degree of autonomy for 50 years. but it since imposed a sweeping national security law cracking down on pro democracy, protested, and politicians. ah, so this is our desert, these are the top stories and abortion clinics have begun closing and parts of the united states today, after the supreme court overturned

a decades old ruling ally women the right to abortion across the country of protesting against the decision you as president joe biden has signed a significant gun control law. it's the 1st legislation of its kind in 3 decades by it and says, of bipartisan, billed doesn't do everything he wanted, but he says it will save lives. russia has seized complete control of the easton ukrainian city of for the nuts after weeks of intense fighting. it is the biggest setback for ukraine since the fall of mario pole in may. well, the city has been fully occupied by the russian federation. they are trying to impose their rules and appoint some sorts of commandant who is organizing some activity. well, the cranium president says the war is becoming tougher to handle emotionally, but he's bound to win back old territory loss in russia. all of us hit this see over the next lynette lu, hands and we all get them back. we,

every week we go to care some other single day. we forget about johnson and mario. all other cities of ukraine, which are temporarily occupied will be only ukraine in again. human rights groups are calling for an investigation into the death of $23.00 migrants after they attempted to cross morocco's spanish enclave of maria rock and wanted to say injured migrants were left without health for hours, which increase the number of fatalities. spain has played human trafficking for the death. ecuador president has ended, the state of emergency conceding to one of the key demands, protested suv. let nearly 2 weeks of a nationwide strike where lasso is under added pressure of the opposition court for no conference vote in parliament on saturday. cargo planes loaded with aid have been landing in afghanistan and bringing vital supplies after wednesday's devastating earthquake people in particular province, which was the hardest hit. so desperate for food, shelter,

and for drinking water. hundreds of firefighters trying to put out wildfires in southern siberia. they were caused by thunderstorms with strong winds. funding the flames. crews are battling wildfires from the air and land in the southern l type region. alright, upstate with headlines. got more news coming up here on sarah, right off the people, and the criminal drug dealing shifted to places beyond the reach of the many people in the office on government. we involve drugs. gorilla was in columbia and mexico where the cartels have been responsible for a muslim spiral of violence. ah, the final episode of drug trafficking, our territories on me

when bitcoin and other crypto currency 1st period. well, over a decade ago, few people could have mentioned how widespread they become. now these various forms of digital money are in common use, if not yet universally understood. but where exactly do they come from? who uses them? and what for better or worse might be the long term consequences. we sent reporter rory challenge in search of answers. i the, in any well to create a currencies. money's got strange. the 13 years and big coins, creation of being

a roller coaster ride own from the financial crashes, money liberation from central banks. bitcoin is a person to person electronic cash system. think of them like token the buy. thanks very much. now of course, this is just a problem. crypto currencies are purely digital and we access them in a digital wallet. we can send them anywhere in the world in a flash. if a business accepts it, you can buy goods and services. you can think on. it's built on the block chain, a decentralized database of transactions that's transparent and secure, but bitcoin can get pretty wild crypto currencies have no controller except the markets. people have made fortunes and lost them, their value can go. 6 way, way, way up. oh, come crushing. oh no. but where does it come from? what does it cost the planet?

is it the future of money or the useful has money? it's all. my name is rory challenge, and i want to find out who's my 1st destination, pennsylvania, the u. s. states that is fully embraced crit bitco and he's going to take over the world. it'll have to conquer america, and it's making good progress. recent survey suggest about a face of american adults that already bought into crypto. so now that i'm here, i better get some right. this is shane bites inside is a man who's trying to make buying bitcoin as easy as possible. eyes. hey, rory lets me to, i don't mean to like very much. so the machines. yes they are. you want to use once i do because i don't have, i have any back going. so what do i do? this is a brave you opening. first is click on the screen, get it started. yeah. you're going to buy the coin. you select how much you want to

buy. so here we go. 10 bucks. lots of the big spenders just in there. so that's that and said, and then you can look on your wall and you can see you got to the queen size is pending. if i said, i mean you got it, every grill has been buying and selling bitcoin since the early days. now he runs a company that makes crypto currency atm standpoint, solves one of the problems that we've faced for years and years and years, which is the government controls money. and you have a central authority controlling money. and so what that means is that people, you know, they just print it, the value it, and you can't count on anything. i don't know how many dollars are going to print next year, but i know exactly how many big points are going to be issued. so can we call that currency, should we call it? can't say it's the best currency the just on the planet. but a tendency needs to be spindle, and i'm going to put this to the test. 50 is supposedly one of the most crypto friendly places in the states,

the man talking about the city having its own digital coin. basketball team is sponsored by crypto dot com. so using my new bitcoin here should be easy. a check out coin map, a website that says it shows every business in the world that take fit coin for the for the area has a list of only around 20, pick up the phone and start calling them. 1 6 1 ringback oh, good afternoon, ms. calling this payment. yeah. you doing? all right, thank you very much, bye. as we move through the list a similar story now. okay, well, do you guys accept bitcoin as payment there? now we do not know did. did you ever used 2 years ago and then what happens, why did you stop? the technology was too hard to maintain regularly and half the staff isn't sure what bitcoin really is. just not feeling like using it is like between

evangelists, may say it's the feature of money, but the vast majority of business is listed as accepting it. don't. until do you guys accept bitcoin as payments? you do? they invited us down for lunch. this is the sum paid food truck, the home, so they say some of the best barbecue sandwiches in town. what can i get? so we have brick, pork and chicken. jessica and her partner began accepting bitcoin in 2015. and so unlike others, they will continue to do so. can i pay with yes, you can. or this next amazing. thank you very, very much. a lot of the people that were accepting the coin in the city and they stopped, you know, they saw how to cycle and how it kept fluctuating. and i think it really scared a lot of people away. but we kept at it. yeah. why? i don't know, it's just something we believe in. we just believe that crypto is the future. do

you worry a total about the security of it or the whether it's a scam and anyway, i worry more about the dollar than i do bitcoin. i do believe it's going to be the currency of the world, but if it is bit going, has a long way to go. few american seem to be spending it for most is just another investment. but why does bitcoin come from anyway? i'm heading into the pennsylvania countryside to find out when i get their future finance is a little money than i'd imagined. i just. i mean, you know, so what is that noise? what you're hearing are the klein miners the, the big one is in the next line line and you can see all the little fans in there. there's a little computer on each one of those fans. jeff campbell is the lead engineer stronghold digital mining. it has 12000 specialized computer processes. we're

looking for $200.00. this is a long number and everybody in the world is working on the same equation. they're all trying to find the same number. and if you get it, if you get it, you get 6.25 bit point right now. and how often do you get it every time that somebody on in the world finds that number is high tech lottery to function? mine is race to verify the newest transactions made everywhere on the big coin network. the winner is rewarded in bitcoin. it's an entirely digital process, and it used to be done by amator enthusiasts on home computers. these days, it's big business, and the u. s. does more of it than anywhere else. worldwide, we're going through more combinations of numbers and there are grains of sand on the earth. so you can say it's profitable if you can find that grain as those profits are putting in bigger and bigger, operates as a 21st century gold rush. but here's the catch. big coin was designed on

a system called proof of work. the more processes get thrown at it, the heart of the algorithms become, the harder the algorithms become more computers and needed. it's an energy guzzling arms race. and this is how strong holes operation gets his power, their own dedicated power station. it burns fossil fuels, coal waste, with all the greenhouse gas emissions that entails stronghold ceo greg bill takes me into the hissing, roaring heart of the beast. i think your vocals me the only kind of brute industrial power is just going to make something that you can't even touch it if a digital currency that kind of plates around and then in the spare it is after the old world industrial mates near world. but what's the environmental cost of all

this cambridge university says, bitcoin pumps out as much c o $2.00 per year as a country like the check republic and consumes as much energy as the whole of highlands. then greg tells me something astounding when we started the project. 4 or 5 years ago, the mining economics for bitcoin were really enough to support the plant. thankfully the state of pennsylvania in a, in a bipartisan way, modified the rules a bit to allow us to earn more of a, what's called the renewable energy credit. and that isn't that plus higher power prices was a port is running today. so pennsylvania not only called coal waste, an alternative energy source, it actually subsidize a stronghold to burn this stuff to make bitcoin. how can this be? oh, because of this in the toxic legacy of nearly

a century of coal mining coal fat, the furnace is a pennsylvania is once mighty steel industry. and this waste, sprawling across the state in vast sly keeps, is the low quality material left over from the mining acid and poisonous heavy metals. leach out at them, bill spends his strong whole digital mining chairman. i feel as if america had in the world had a party here. and then we woke up the next morning with the residual garbage left over and are having to clean up after the party. like to stay to pennsylvania . he won't eat he's gone. he says he's using the state's alternative energy incentives and the profits from bitcoin mining. to make that happen, the coal is the dirtiest source of power there is. and coal waste is especially inefficient. so i asked bill the obvious question. do you think

that the c o 2 emissions ah, a justifiable byproduct of clearing this landscape? i absolutely do. and what i'm asking you is just stop a minute. look at this. i understand where people say it's not perfect, but how many things in life are perfect. i, i mean, rory, i mean don't let perfect be the enemy. very good. so do you consider yourself an environmentalist? i absolutely consider myself an environmentalist. bill and his colleagues firmly convinced that they're doing what is best for this area. but i have a feeling people campaigning against climate change. i'm going to disagree who i am on my way to meet one has another coal waste power station. right? makes my spect chimney. there are plenty of bitcoin miners who say their operations

a green, but most tend to seek out the cheapest energy, whatever it source. this is russell's ebay, who works for the clean air council. the interesting thing about bitcoin is you could do it in the cleanest way possible, or you can do it in the dirty way possible. and as long as there are government subsidies to do it, in the dirtiest way possible, people will keep burning coal waste. generate big coin was supposed to be moving towards the next 0 future, reducing carbon emissions to nothing by 2050. how does that fit with bitco? it's huge energy consumption. it does not the introduction of crypto currency and its energy consumption is for a massive step backward for environmental efforts efforts to confront climate change. russell says several states in the us or considering banning bitcoin mining,

but not pennsylvania globally, as a growing list of countries that have already outlawed it. china being the most significant one of the other things i've heard about big coin. it's a haven for criminals. crypto links crime says to record levels in 2021, up 79 percent from the year before. i want to know what's behind this guy this craig is a former f b i. agent who now works for a company investigating crypto crime. criminals are using crypto, the very same reason why the vast majority of crypto users use it for that speed, liquidity, and cross border nature. what are the kind of crimes that we see around crypto? they're doing everything in this virtual asset world that they were doing in the regular world, particularly scans and frauds, make up the largest category of elicit use of crypto. but you don't think this actually is a problem with crypto itself. you know,

there's nothing inherently evil or bad about crypto itself is just simply another method for value transfer. criminals stole $14000000000.00, encrypt currencies last year. or we see any kind of state involvement. and this we have seen, elicit use of hacking by north koreans, for example. in fact, they're responsible for hacking over a $1000000000.00 in exchange hacks in the past. but galvis also says the transparent nature of crypto is block chain ledger actually gives investigators a treasure trove of data to work with. so for example, if there was an elicit transaction where a little lady was scammed out of her money and they, and she said, and i paid them bitcoin. well they, they can look at that transaction and see where that woman's bitcoin went to. and from there they can then engage legal process to either freeze that account or seek recovery from that victim. and that's why that's so important. ah,

my next stop is london, one of the wells financial hubs. i want to see what government and central banks think of this brave new world. easier said than done. we are so central banks, both in the united states and here in england to talk to us. both of them know why . while many central banks are undecided what to do about technology designed to break their control of money, i've come to meet harriet baldwin, a british conservative n p, a former investment banker, and a member of the treasury select committee which examines government's economic policy. do you think the central bank should be scared, the crap that kind of states? i think they're all looking at it. i think it's gonna be important to coordinate the approach amongst the developed world. busy central banks. i think, you know, there is also the risk that these currencies could end up being the, you know, the tulip bulbs of the 21st century. 15 of i was, i mean, it could be a bubble. people could be buying something for way above the value that someone

else will pay in the future to take it off that hands and they could lose a lot of money in the process and end up with something that they discover. it's actually just lines of code and doesn't have intrinsic value, but there's no one else will accept payments. does crypto currency development poses threats to financial stability? it could be potentially, if it becomes a much more significant size in the well financial markets at the moment. all the evidence we've had on the treasury select committee is that it's still a very small proportion of the world's asset base. and so therefore we've been told that it doesn't pose a threat to financial stability at this level box. what happens when a nation state does jump with both feet into this? we're new world. in our home, they terminated. i

come to a country that's boldly gone when no other his dad and turned it self into a unique fiscal petri dish. ha, is assigned to pick on bass. now this, this is where the experiment started. ro, salvador free is back. a clique of crypto converts began transforming the surf town of elves on tape. they persuaded people to join the local circular economy based on bitcoin. but all of el salvador is bitcoin beach. now, last summer, the country's president and i had to kaylee, rushed through a law that elevated bitcoin to legal tender alongside the us dollar. know how the government has taken such a gamble with national finances. i'm interested to hear what the founders of big coin beach think of it to roman martinez. his one of them is beautiful. that dream that star is super small. now is more bigger than our sub or and mainly people

around the world dreaming with our country. and i, jamie patricio annis, missionary 7, to portion of southern into for world blankets. and that means they've got your bank account right now. bank account, any kind of financial service a now as soon speed can arrive in our community, will start to seen. people say, be modern people transacting digital people, receiving and making digital payments. people buying an asset for the 1st time, people sending money from all saba to the usa from the u. s. h wells harbor because big thing is the bread monetary network, the humanity ever hot, you know, these are the big claims and i want to find out if they coin really has transformed

this country. bitcoin beach seems the obvious place to start. but at the place i stop for lunch. crypto isn't welcome. if you're going to pay me, pay me with money because i want to go to the grocery store. i want to go pay my debts. i want to make sure that it's being done. do you even consider it to be money? no. what is it? it's a fools, aaron. i asked at several other places to some accept it, but plenty don't. ah. the large majority of people in this developing country live on subsistence incomes . how are they responding to such a huge experiment? ok, quite a is an assistant professor of latin american studies at dartmouth university in the u. s. is also a salvador in. and jorge took us round the vibrant working class street markets of the capital san salvador. i mean so far, because it has done very little to change the dynamics of the marketplace here in

san salvador. you might see a couple of signs, i say we accept between. but when you actually go up to the souls and ask people have to take some point. they're like, you know, i'd appreciate if you dollars else. i, what was government sponsored, a national digital wallet called chiva. but early tech glitches put people off many checked in to cash out a $30.00 welcoming sweetener, and haven't touched it since we spot still, we're the chief sticker. i think that you told me that the sticker is there only to abide by the law that they have to take it if someone shows up. so what do you think the actual uptake baker to me and in these kinds of environments and in the daily transactions that people know the court is not a presence at all. in march el salvador chamber of commerce said 86 percent of businesses hadn't made any bitcoin sales. a really actually benefits for bakery. so

as big quinn is laid out now, most of that with the wealth generation and the wealth distribution goes to about 0.01 percent of all big coin owners. they're the ones who have about 27 percent of all big coin worldwide. so 0.01 percent of any tiny, tiny, tiny percent owns 27 percent. exactly. and that that those are the big coin wales. those are many of the people who are behind big queen, booster ism and, and the ones who are creating all these different kinds of enterprises and businesses and ventures in places like el salvador. and presumably it's in the interests of coin owners to keep the height going. right. i think that's exactly right. you know salvatore bringing people into big coin. it's part of this process of trying to inflate the value and trying to hit those kind of milestones that many of these lead bitcoin holders are hoping for. to me that doesn't sound different

from their escape. it's exactly a pyramid scheme. multilevel marketing, where you need more people to enter into that space and things are gonna keep the value up and keep the party going. when bitcoin, critics say the whole things a pyramid scheme they point to the events laid on by crypto currency firms, events like this is called heels for bitcoin. and it's hosted by a company called packs full now is a good time to buy in the salvador in women. it's hold on it and other packs for the event 3 days later. and the star guest, his el salvador was youngest. ever congresswoman 27 year old donnie arkansas has helped passed a bit coin law here to make big coin legal tender countries also want to be lego salary talking about the specific law. the law has many critics, though, doesn't it, sir? the i m f as recommended that alex i will go drop it because it's just too risky. so why is it still operating our democratic country? and i mean, we have our president,

our government are on congress and any position made or comments made for other institutions around the world. i mean, there they are. are people who recommend things, but it doesn't mean though we're going to do those things. this is al salvador was tech enthusiast, president naya be kayley, how much his bitcoin experiments has cost hasn't been disclosed. and this secrecy concerns many, the bill could be $400000000.00 a, some economists and every dip below el salvador is bitcoin purchase. price hits the country's coffers, dinner of how much money has been the host, lucy, and actually this is how with them works. we're waiting in the future for a have more games are about be going. so it's just a matter of time. this comes to the very heart of the bitcoin question. many millions of people around the world have bought into bickley, hoping to ride a wave of riches father using it as a speculative investment at

a risky and environmentally damaging. one of that most people have never use, it has money, and it's difficult to see why they ever should. what is soaring in value? why would you want to spend it when it's plummeting in value? who would want to receive it? the thing that makes bitcoin so attractive to investors, the crazy lurch is invalid is the same thing that's holding it back from becoming mainstream currency. it's basically too exciting to be money. bitcoin needs to be boring. at the moment, it's anything boxes ah ah, europe's grand capitals are littered with monuments loading their imperial policies

and their museums filled with artifacts, spoils of war and occupation uprooted from their places of origin. people in power explores the heated debate, their own right from ownership admits activists taking matters into their own and out of africa on a jessina july analogies here, hong kong marks 25 years since it's hand over from british to chinese rule for to with china's cracked on an opposing voices and, and texted us citizens, what does the future hold from the headlines to the unreported. people and palate investigates. they use an abusive power around the world to live humans vote in a referendum and a new constitution. could it spell the end for the only democracy to have emerged from the out of spring uprisings as india f, as unprecedented heat wave? one o, one e goes to the fiery ha, if the crisis center goal heads to the poles with the main opposition parties

uniting, can the vessel power away from the ruling party july on al jazeera. ready too often of con, astonished trade through the prism of war. but there were many of canister thanks to the brave individuals who risk their lives to protect it from destruction . an extraordinary film archives spanning for decades, reviews the forgotten truths of the country's modern history. the forbidden real part one, the birth of afghan cinema on a just ito. ah and i'm nick la kinda how the tall stories here on al jazeera and abortion clinics . a big.