it's the house of representatives and the high council state are that are being asked to come to an agreement to bring him to bring in, to bring in elections that will see them removed. so, you know, they've been very, very good at stain and power. the parliament or house of representatives were, officials were elected in 2014, the high council state in 2012. so they've been very good at staying in positions of power a so live is don't feel that there is gonna be a breakthrough. and even if a breakthrough is going to be made there still to governments and libya, so they come to an agreement on a constitutional framework, who's gonna run those elections? is it going to be that the government in the west or is the government in the is so very complicated, comp complicated situation, but a lot of international pressure for these legislative houses to come up with the rules to bring about elections hearing live. ah,

are you watching out here at the top stories disarm? the white house says it will take action to disrupt human smuggling networks. after at least 46 people were discovered dead inside a track in the state of texas, 16 survivors were taken to hospitals, suffering heat exhaustion. kimberly how kit has more from washington dc. the u. s. president is on his way to spain for the continuation of the meeting of world leaders. she says that the united states and the u. s. o is going to take action to disrupt the human smuggling networks. but for now, what this white house is focused on doing is focusing on the facts. the reason this white house is saying that is that this is an administration that is being hit hard, particularly by its republican critics for. 2 being odd to soft

on border policies and some of the world 7 riches democracies has wrapped up in germany with ladies pledging 4 and a half a $1000000000.00 to fight global hunger. that says the war in ukraine pushes up food prices, adding the economic impact to the pandemic. mercury, climate crisis, the pandemic, and the war from russia. they've made these problems even worse. this is an existential threat in many countries in africa, in particular. that's why we want to take action, and that's why we have to come up with a global alliance food security. we have $4500000000.00 us dollars committed. and germany is involved in this. significantly, thousands of people are protesting and gun as capital a cry against corruption, inflation and a stagnating economy. the group plans to march through the straits of the capital to present their grievances to the president of former nazi concentration camp. god has been sentenced to 5 years in jail by a german court. at 101 years old. joseph shoots is the oldest person to be charged

negotiations for libya on a path to hold long waited elections of being a taking place in geneva. the un beleaguered chief is urging the heads of liberty to rival parliaments to agree on a plan to hold a vote. those of a headlines, i'm emily anguish. the news continues here on al jazeera after this string. how and why did soon become so obsessed? with this law, we were giving them a tool to hold for corrupt individuals and human rights abusers accountable. they're gonna rip this deal apart if they take the white house, the 2025. what is the world hearing? what we're talking about by american today, your weekly take on us politics and society. that's the bottom line with i answer the ok. thanks for watching the stream on today's episode. why does the u . s. allowed children to spend decades in prison?

it is a conversation that has been inspired by colleagues at fort lines, recently made a film called 51 years behind boss. let's take a look. in 1996, joseph writings a 21 year old manager of an electronics door was killed during an armed robbery in knoxville, tennessee. 3 young people were involved. amanda jo, good and amir nance were both 16. robert manning was 20. he gave almira gun and they both went into the radio shack armed amanda waited in the car manning later testified that he killed the manager with a shot to the head. even though i'm your nance didn't pull the trigger. he was convicted a felony, murder, and sentenced to a minimum of 51 years in prison. he is 43 years old. now

we're going to talk more about amir. i know so young people, children, juveniles though in the u. s. prison system. and why and what can be done about that? i'm not going to do that alone. i'm going to say hello to you rahim rafielli and also michael, thanks for joining us. and i came please say hello to audi. it's around the world, tell them who you are, what you do. hello. thank you. i'm rahim buford. i'm the executive director of the unheard courses outreach. i'm an advocate in an organizer for sentencing reform policy changes round to roll and to give voice to the incarcerated quantity incarcerated. so good to have a and glad to have you all say rafia. please introduce yourself to our viewers around the world. ah, yes i am, my name is revere mohammed mccormick. i am the coordinator for community outreach for tennesseans for alternatives to the death penalty whose mission is to honor life through abolishing the death penalty. i'm also a victim's rights advocate,

and that is passionate about redemption and restorative justice. thank you for bringing your passion to the stream. and finally michael, get to have you on board as well. isn't sure. introduce yourself to an international us. thank you, michael garcia. nick from human rights watch, and i work on juvenile justice issues around the world. you may have questions, audience, and view as will future. your chip is a good place to put those questions in those comments. the comments section is like, be part of our show, the him, you a part of the dep documentary, 51 years behind bars. i'm just going to show our audience the page of that documentary right here on my laptop. because i'm looking at amelia. as i was going to say, a young man is a boy and then i me as he is today. how are we in a situation nice lets me specific a tennis, see what he isn't even close to finishing his front. and yet how is that possible?

well, that's possible because in tennessee we have policy makers, there are very punitive, this is a republican state, ultra conservative, and retribution appears to be the best form of what we think is justice in this state, which is incorrect, but unfortunately best the state of tennessee at this point in time, over fi, you come to this conversation about juveniles and incarceration from a very personal perspective. can you tell us how you oh, you got to the place where you didn't think you don't think the children should be incarcerated regardless of what they've done for 51? yes. i'm so i got into this work. i'm a couple years ago i lost my son to gun violence. ah, and i,

when the young man who i didn't know he shut my son in the back yard of our home door in a pool party. before he fled the back yard, he had opportunity to look him in the eye. and what i saw was not a monster or was a, a, a child, and fear of what they had done. and as i started navigate my core process, i was, you know, i felt like retribution did not promote healing. ah, that we needed to be able to reach these young people. ah, especially if they are in juveniles and be able to heal them through, you know, whatever has caused and again a violence because not only does it impact them, but into impacts their whole entire family. and in turn, the whole community, michael, i see, you know, they are articulate that not for us place. well, i mean, the whole purpose of the justice system when it comes to children,

has to do much more with rehabilitation did hear that kids in particular, everyone but children in particular have the capacity to grow and to learn to develop. and you get a 2nd chance and focus that solely on retribution really misses out this aspect of children's capacity for development. and that's the spirit with which the justice system should be approaching these kinds of cases. oh, well off our projects in the 3rd, if he would help contribute to this program, he is was formally incarcerated. so he comes from this with knowledge of what the prison system is like. i'd love you to have listen to elder jackson, the 3rd raheem, and then bounce off his thought. build on it. you can debate him, but let's see what he has to say festival here. yes. we do not treat our juveniles as juveniles. we don't treat our kids like kids. what is in the,

in the work that i see is to recognize that any child who is exposed to the juvenile justice system is a victim of trauma. in so shape ration somewhere in your lives, in the transformation that is need is to treat trauma in come up, please come from a place or punish me or we form, but come from a place of healing, low compassion in treatment, a trauma, he knew start yeah, i agree entirely with that statement. the problem here, at least in tennessee, is that there is this label of an adult crime as though there are there is this characterization for if a chow, a teenager commits an act in it's of some nature that is vital, that is an adult pain, which in this state, we don't take into consideration age, we don't look at the fact that this young person's brain isn't developed. we don't

look at how they may have grown up in a violent situation circumstances, wildly looking at the act itself in if it violate some law, then we're ready to do whatever we have to do to put their personal way. for as long as we came, the faith i had i was just, i was, i was, i think about the fact that we just wanted to, in a sense, throw them away. i'm out of sight out of mind. we look at our youth offenders as those other key. it said it couldn't be our child or somebody that we have love for that could do that. and so when we look at them as being others or just something that can be tossed away in sacrifice, then it becomes easy as a society to just do away with um we know the bad see, so to speak. but you know like rahim say it how high just because the, the crime that is normally committed by an adult is committed by

a child does not automatically all of a sudden make this child an adult offender. ah, and i think that is totally ridiculous when they say that we're going to try a child as an adult. ah, mike, i'm a, i'm, i'm, i'm going to build on this because i'm going to show our audience something that may shock them on my laptop, us states with no minimum age for trying children as adults look at these states. hey michael, are you already know this? what does this mean? this means that you can have a kid an 8 year old and 9 year old. could they be imprisoned? in an adult prison? exactly. i mean, there's the real challenge with how states around the country are dealing with what they describe the serious offenses. there's a problem with watkins characterizing syria. so as we saw the 1st example that we opened with a kid who didn't really do the crime, didn't,

didn't commit the murder himself is nevertheless charged with murder, murder on a legal technicality. and there's a problem with just in general to broaden that, that the us cas, when it comes to treating children for any kinds of offences as therefore in need of incarceration, you need a detention and all of these things are intersecting and it means that there are some 53000 kids in the us every single day who are behind bars, most of them probably should not be could be somewhat could be in some other kind of program. i am going to play for you raheem. i retired to tennessee sheriff the one who was involved in al man nancy's case. and he has the counter argument to what you, michael rafia. i make him are saying, i would love to hear how you counter that because i think this is the issue in the

united states about incarcerating young people. here is this for my sheriff. tim hutchinson was the sheriff with amir nance was convicted. i can understand that 151 years, he has no problem with him spending 51 years behind bars. oh, are you going to do your site? well, well, he was 16 and had a weapon, but he didn't need to just a couple years because of his age. no, there's not. that is the act. yeah. so that particular statement, again, is looking at behavior and one of the things to understand about felony murder in the state of tennessee is that the intention to commit murder is not present. we're talking about an intention to commit, which is a felony, a robbery. and what happened in that particular situation where our mere was not the trigger made and yet he sentenced is though he was in the trigger over here, lambert, i think even beyond that because i isn't just an argument about,

i mean it's an argument about young people commit serious crime. just because they're 16. do you think they should have a less a sentence? but what we know about young people's brains, the way they operate. how they influenced michael? it's fact now isn't it? it's not a theory about young people having undeveloped brains. michael, right, this is exactly right. i mean, we, we, we come far enough in psychological researching and psycho social research to know that a colleague of mine used to say the rental car companies get it right. so that they all rent generally to anybody to $25.00. and they do so on the basis of actuarial data, right, that shows who's responsible for, for car crashes. and in the same way and kind of impulsiveness, the sort of the kinds of motivations that under pressure, particularly with in the company of others in the company,

peers that lead young people to commit acts that they themselves will never do once they reach 252627, that scientifically proven. and that should be reflected in the law. yeah, exactly. i mean, in our, in our community, we don't even teach impulse control. we have heads of state. we have it show continuously on media and t v that there is no impulse control. we were led in government by a person to continuously tweet it. and i found it really interesting. now we use mental health and we use, ah, these types of excuses when it's convenient for us. when is somebody that we want to excuse want to when it's, ah, are you when it's are people of color youth? when i'm sorry, as you, if that is dis embedding. i so glad you said i, and all of a sudden now mental health can't be ah inexcusable behavior. now all of a sudden these children are not worthy of healing and love and some kind of

consideration. they can just be thrown away. so danco is watching right now. danco says on each in for a fear i may cut funding for programmes designed to treat violent children as mentally ill instead of criminals by the end, why pd? possibly because the program was perceived as being racist. the interesting point here, tarp, who is also watching on youtube, says those you're showing up, have privately own prisons. and there's a huge problem in the united states. it's not about rehabilitation, it's about the money. at lafayette system, i'm going to articulate that um, with a money who spoke to us a little bit earlier, she's will say in the documentary, 51 years behind bars. this is what she has to say about the private prison system. look, we're trying to educate society on have this does not create favorite communities for as we are also pushing for alternatives,

because we know more so than anyone in our society. children have the most, the ability to grow and change expressly with their undeveloped mind. our biggest obstacle to this is unfortunately we do live in tennessee, which is the home for for profit prisons, meaning the longer you can incarcerate someone there earlier in age, you can incarcerate someone. there are more money that can be made. yeah. or him guide guide? yeah, unless one of the things that we overlook is the economic component, as it relates to what we call mass incarceration in incarcerating young people. just want to wreck it. our hours are caged at a very young age at age 18 and i received a light and 20 a sentence in the states and see i was lucky enough not to be under a law at the time that would have given me 51 years, but had i been convicted 4 years later. i wouldn't be on this program having this

discussion with you now. and over the course there 26 years. when i was case, i understood that the more people that we can can find behind bars for longer periods of time. you have individuals who work for the prison sector in tennessee that otherwise may not even be marketable employed anywhere because the state of tennessee prison system is responsible for thousands of employees. i look in michael at an article here about how germany treats jeez, and how's the se, on my laptop? i know you know that in europe, the way that young people are treated when i, juveniles very different from the united states. what could be the model for the united states, michael, what, what's the difference here? well, there are, you know, really 3 or 4 things that are some basics. number. one is,

don't put so many kids behind bars and that requires a lot of careful thinking about which are the most serious offenders. and of those, what kinds of services do they need and how you, how you best, how to best provide us with the goal of rehabilitation, right? in that be in germany and many other european countries do impact provide rehabilitative services. the priority is getting kids to the place where they can resume living in society, get a job, have sort of like a life plan that, that is staying on the right side of a law and where they can become law abiding, productive members of society. that's, that's the goal. and in many cases, just the picture itself that we saw as you scroll down, the screen shows real difference in the, the physical setup and gives you a hint of the kind of programming that's offered into place like germany or the

young ones are many other european countries in contrast to a real it all school just locking, locking kids up behind bars in some cases. and so in some places that i've been 23 and a half hours a day behind bars with very, very few opportunities for rehabilitation of any kind of just show an audience, i guess i know you know this, i want to show our ordinance, hail my laptop some incarceration rates looking at the state of tennessee which is very extreme at per $100000.00, that the population, this is for juveniles remember they said these are for children. ok. that look at the orange line that way beyond the rate for the rest of the united states and then united kingdom is behind. and then portugal, canada, and the white at the very bottom i sent in constituting the fewest amount of juveniles as can far as this the space that this, the data is concerned here. i want to move us on because i know you have on says

for what we need to do. so here is joshua rosena for him is ready, ready is already resolved. this is joshua rosena about what is possible with juvenile incarceration. and let's focus on that for the next few minutes that he from josh festival. busy about 35000 people under the age of 18 in this country, 3000 of them are in adult prisons and jails. now that's a very high number, but that's about the 3rd as many started century when it was a 100 that not 35000 kids were locked up on it. so we know progress is possible real progress, so it doesn't come in bell court system or through changes in our laws, but through supporting kids in their community, supporting their family, their health care, their education, their families, and cause that's where we see real drops and then in real drops incarceration. how do we can't kids out of prison rein? well 1st of all,

let me just say this. we've known for decades that people age out of crime. that that's number one. we keep kids out of do now and places like that by having such a society that, that has compassion for people who make bad choices. but i wanna highlight something in tennessee is very important. and even nashville we're talking about when the bible belt here. and we have a state the claim to be christian. this is very important because christians are supposed to believe in redemption, redemption looks like a 2nd chance in the practice of christianity. but that's not happening here. and i, i think is hypocritical for us, declined to be a christian, even nation, and we treat our children like this. so if we look at our kids as children and not as criminals, that will just change the dynamic in and of itself. i am looking here at some

comments from avenue to watching right now, and it's a shall see 100 make no mistake about it. this is certainly about race and racism in america to michael thoughts. it definitely is, i mean, what we've heard, and what we've seen is that while there are still too many children behind bars, the united states, a trend has been a downward trends and such. let's great what, what if we unpack that further and look at who then is behind bars. we're still seeing, especially black kids, 4 times more likely than their peers to be behind bars and, and the reasons for that. we really needed to examine, right? there is an inbuilt structural racism that's happening that increases the likelihood of, of, of at a police encounter of an actual arrest occurring,

increases the likelihood that a kid will place charges increases. the likelihood of the prosecutor will see more serious sentences. and at that more serious, sensitive, impose that is at every stage of the process, particularly for black kids. the outcomes are going to be much, much worse, on average. and i think that something we just really need to address confront, find a solution for a fear is always, i feel living, you know, principles. because as a victims, family member that hasn't stopped ching from looking for a compassionate solution and solutions. how would you compassion with others? number one, what allowed me to do this, and i think this is what us as a country needs to do is that we need not just look at that maturity, but we need to look at them as our children, all of our children. and recognize that if they do something that is bad or is or is malicious or broken, then we broke them in,

take accountability for that and to all do our part to help the healing. we need to be looking at community based violence intervention. as you mentioned, in my case, i didn't look at this young man that had committed that killed my son. that, that, that in put the most heinous thing against me. i didn't look him in as a monster. i looked at him as a child to look them in as a potential possibility that he could be my child. and i thought about the fact that this was big in him, and this is bigger than my son. and that if that we had any chance to prevent any more individuals as being a shooter such as that young man or is being victims as my son, then we had to come up with a different way. an interesting thing was that in my case is that, like you said, this is a retribution based society, the billions of dollars that we spin on retribution, pete and people in prison and, and,

and executing them in tennessee. there's so many things that we can be doing inside of our school systems to even prevent these kind of things from happening to prevent juvenile getting into situations where they do not know how to use proper incom pulse control. yeah, i am just a little quick bit of addition here. so my notes was 16 when he saw the trial, he had the 51 years sentence. he's mid forties now. he can't get out of prison until he's 67. i want to bring in the family element what that means to his family . when you can't see your love long for that length of time, he's 51 years behind bars one more time. i've never been able to take her anywhere but to a vending machine. you know, but we get along as much as we can and any way i can be a support or source of hope or something. so i get to tell them now that i'm in

school and i'm doing something i know is not just sitting in or you know, bradley cups off the bars. like you would imagine what have been the times that stick out in your mind. or you've especially messed him around prom birthday. ah. fell on sunday morning thing for my birthday. but for him the walk through the door. you know, how like little videos are the soldiers come home? i always imagined like that would be me like my dad getting out of prison and surprise me somewhere there still a dream ah ah

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