the demonstrator said, please pipe robert coated steele bullets at bum and arrested doses less than 2 years into 2nd. to have gone as president an hour before i do is coming under increasing pressure. the economy is faltering, unemployment is rising, and inflation has reached its highest level in decades. i don't see a say the government in parliament must quickly act to common already agitated population. greece al jazeera, a cra, garden security forces in sudan have reportedly shot dead protested during the latest demonstrations against military rule. it happened in the northern area of the capitol cartoon, at least a $103.00 people have been killed during the cracked and on protests that followed last october's military takeover in the country. ah, this is al jazeera and these are the top stories. now. nato has announced plans to

bolster its forces across europe in the alliance is biggest overhaul since the cold war. at a summit, leaders promised unwavering support for ukraine and designated russia as a direct security threat. russian president vladimir putin that says moscow will respond to any nature deployments, sweden and finland, which were formally invited to join the alliance. still going to see him soon and will not nip. there's nothing that might concern us in terms of finland and sweden becoming nighttime members, if they want to, please go ahead. but they should clearly understand that they didn't face any threats before the us. now, of nato troops and infrastructure are deployed, we will be compelled to respond and kind and create the same threats to the territory that is now creating rates for you. it's obvious what they don't understand that everything was going fine between us. but now there will be tensions. this is obvious and inevitable. i repeat, if they pose

a threat to us. a french court has found 19 people guilty on terrorism related charges in connection with the 2015 paris attack. those convicted include the only surviving assailant. islam who was sentenced to life in prison, 130 people were killed in a coordinated use of gun across the french capital. columbia is a truth commission that says more than 450000 people were killed during the countries long civil conflict. it aims a committee for drugs conducted by successive governments for prolonging the conflict. a journalist in northern mexico has been shot dead outside his home, on the cruise work for local newspaper in the border state of the past. to the cruise, the 12th journalist killed in mexico this year. us thing r. kelly has been sentenced to 30 years in prison for sex offences. agirri and new york convicted the 55 year old racketeering and sex trafficking crimes. in

september, the court said he committed the crimes over 3 decades and music industry. thousands of people and the gardens capital across have gathered for a 2nd day of protests over spiraling inflation. right, for this line, the streets leading to the finance ministry activists say they're angry about rising taxes, fuel prices, and allegations of police brutality. renews continues herron al jazeera. that's after counting the cost frank assessments. it sounds like you don't expect anything to change the problem in lebanon. it's actually structural lebanon needs and use also contract order for it to solve this problem. informed opinions, international communities, on the goal of this, my security. and that creates a government has no legitimacy in depth analysis of the days global headlines. this is can be very hard to explain to the public that instead of pushing back. no, it's actually got 2 members inside story on al jazeera. i

use hello, i'm petty navigator. this is counting the cost on al jazeera, your weekly look at the world of business and economics this week. central banks take decisive action and increase interest rates to try and bring storing consumer prices under control. we ask, what more needs to be done? also this week, we take a look at what's in store for the global ag ation industry after it was plunged into a financial crisis during the pandemic. and this year is costs are you can on the forum, saw movers and shakers defense on doha, the top of the agenda, the global economic recovery, plus we count the cost of protecting hundreds of thousands of homes on businesses

as raising sea level threatened communities in the u k. ah, the cost of living keep sliding higher and now central banks have sprung into action. the u. s. federal reserve, the bank of england and swiss national bank all increase their key interest rates and the european central bank has indicated it will move in a similar direction in july targeting inflation as the central banks main goal. and it helps to maintain price stability, but it's not been working. we've seen protests around the world over the higher cost of food and services in the past week. a little inflation can be a good thing if everyone salary rises at the same pace as prices. but they haven't been so let's look at why inflation has been going up around the world. recently. they're all prices which have slumped at the start of the pandemic. but demand has rocketed since the war and ukraine has effected this to be crude had an 8 year high

. and of course, petrol is more expensive. the cost of everyday items has risen since 2020. many people had more disposable income to spend on household goods during locked downs. firms of struggle to keep up with demands. and let's not forget the us china trade war, which drove up tariffs. there are shipping firms which have been on busier because of the surge, and as a result, retailers have to pay more to get those items into the shops. that cost has been passed on to consumers. millions, quit the workforce or changed jobs as a result of the pandemic and some sectors increased wages to attract new stuff. again, that's driven up prices. severe storms and droughts, hurt harvests around the world. the war and ukraine has seen its great harvest and exports affected. plus governments have been ending support to businesses impacted by the pandemic. subsequent tax rises have contributed to the cost of living squeeze felt by many will turning us from london is david coker, who's

a senior lecturer and finance at the university of westminster. welcome to al jazeera, so thanks so much for your time. so we were covering the some of the main drivers behind the rising costs of inflation and central banks, as we've been saying, have increased key interest rates to try and keep that inflation down somewhat more . can central banks and governments do are during thank you so much for having me today. the central banks are really in a, a tough spot. inflation globally is surging. it's not all supply side or as we're led to believe. and the only weavers they really have at least talking about the said, are the balance sheet as well as interest rates. those are the 2 broad leavers that the such and can, can pull. and they're really in a rush position. because inflation surging, the rising, increasing interest rates very sharply to try to get control of it. they ideally would like to do it without causing

a recession. but their track record is very poor there. and we also have to keep in mind that the consumer is getting the message we saw the consumer confidence in the states fall to a record low of this month. the dropped 14 percent in one month and it's down 41 percent from a year ago. so the consumers increasingly worried because of these hawkish messages and actually actions from the federal center or bank. so really all they can do is just bring on a recession, right? let's drill down into some of the reasons why inflation is so high and we were mentioning earlier on that a part of this can be as a result of the us china trade war. do you agree with that? how much of a driver is that issue? and if the u. s. actually removed harris on chinese goods, do you think that could help in some way? no, no, i don't. i don't agree it's, it's totally, we'd like to come back to that, but we'll, i'll talk about this point, but i don't agree. it's totally because of the us china trade. we're no, not totally. we can be one of the reasons is or not. oh, sure, it's a contributor,

but it's difficult to quantify exactly what before terrorists were levied. chinese export definitely were a major, deflationary force that we enjoyed for, you know, 15 years perhaps. now removing the terrorists are definitely lower the cost to imports into the states. that's good, but we have to keep in mind and this is something the western media misses. sometimes the chinese economy has been restructuring very rapidly. and china is going to transition to what we call a high income country sometime in late 2023. in many ways, this puts china on a par with the u. s. and other western democracies. it's not the low income nation . it was perhaps 5 years ago, heavily reliant upon export. ok. and what about the u. k? i mean, you're speaking to us from london, and as you know, of course, the bank of england increase their base rate for the 5th time in a row last week to 1.25 percent. but inflation has had another 40 year high and may reaching 9 point one percent. it's pretty astounding. how much higher do you think

it could go? oh, i can't talk in detail about the, about the, the u. k. but i can look at the states. i've done a lot of research in that area. all right, if we look at the last period of high inflation america, one thing we have to understand is that inflation is sticky. and once it's established, it's tough to get rid of. so inflation in the states at a high or low 14.6 percent march $980.00. the fed started sharply increase in interest rates to get ahead of it to try to bring it down. they brought interest rates up to 19 point one percent by june, 1981. and in spite of these higher interest rates, inflation didn't drop down below 3 percent until june. 1983 are roughly 3 years from the peak of inflation. so my feeling is we're going to have to see interest rates rise above inflation, not for a long time, but rise above it. and we like, we will see rates approach inflation. at some point. do you think that the mortgage rate raises in the u. s. is something to be concerned about. so why?

oh, i okay. i should reveal the saying, i'm active property, other property business. i do have assets in the states as well as the u. k. all right. i think it's a. yeah, i think it's a good thing. what's happening both in the u. s. and you can machine sharp increases in house prices. totally stunning. and just for some perspective in america, i took a look at the median house price and the median wage. if, if we express it in racial form, we can learn a lot about the scale of the bubble. there's some context in queue for 2021. the medium house price divided by the median wage. that ratio was 160 per cent houses really, really wildly over value compared to wages for context. if you look at q $12006.00, that same ratio was a 141 percent. and we all know what happened in 2007, a huge property collapse. it's coming again, doreen of the markets already slowing down. j. p. morgan announced plans to lay off

a reassign, about a 1000 staff and their mortgage business. we seen other mortgage lenders doing the same. they're doing this in response to their customer demand. it's it's collapsing . we're also seen some other signs. if we look at the number of properties listed for sale, it's growing. and keep in mind that just 3 to 6 months ago, the market was so red hot, a large number of properties were sold without even being listed. these are significant changes. i. i welcome them because they can take some froth off the market, bring homes down to a point where the average american, or even the average of british worker could, could afford the right. now it's very tough. if you can just give me your outlook or sort of the best and worst case scenario for the u. s. in europe going forward. oh boy, well, i'm american. so naturally optimistic and i'll just say the best case is a short, sharp recession of the harder and deeper in the shorter the best recessions

eliminate excess capacity recessions. as we just discuss, they reduce demand and all this would be welcome in this economy. now the worst case, and i really hope we don't see this is stag flacier. now stagflation definition is above average unemployment, in a macro environment of above average inflation. stagflation is much, much worse than even the most harsh recession. we haven't seen stagflation in the u . s. since the mid 70, these 2 are early eighties, and during that time the misery index of energy. and this is def, i wrote an article defined as the sum of unemployment and inflation storage. well, it's going to happen to gender re, cuz we're going to start to see unemployment chipped up. inflation is already fairly high. the misery index will soon be rising. alright, i did want to end on a positive note with you, but unfortunately we're going to have to leave it that we've run out of time. david coca, we really appreciate your time. thank you. so much taker, thanks

a gender in the cat. our economic forum took place and our hi, this week major business leaders and heads of state met to discuss a road map to a global economic recovery. one of the topics was the rising cost of energy as from a had better, has more a deal that's taken years to finalize. gotta energy is teaming up with giant gas companies to expand its production of liquefied natural gas, or l n g. that drive comes at a crucial moment for europe as it moves towards cutting natural gas imports from russia. and it's katara that is most likely to meet europe's gas demands. an opportunity that cements the tiny gulf nations role as a global energy player. if you look at what you are doing and got that, we started in 2017 to embark on the largest ellen g expansion in the world. and we're going to be increasing off reduction from 707126. a 1000000 tons per annum by

2026, which will help greatly the requirement of gas and underwood. rush as invasion of ukraine has shaken, and as you markers, prices are rising and energy ex waters are capitalizing on growing demands. namibia has recently announced major oil discoveries that will double the countries did it be by 2040, but it's minutes of energy remains confident. the new fines won't stop investments in renewables, africa, the continental probability continued less than 2 percent of the emission in any case. and for namibia we are now actually in a very good position. here we are leveraging our resources, which is fossil for resources and is the same time we're going to produce good hydrogen that can actually help the global dig of an ice. here in doha

leaders, ceo's and economists discussed ways to combat poverty, reduce carbon emissions, and maintain economic growth of the global economic outlook seems somber. inflation is rising, prompting governments to increase interest rates of the path to achieving any soft landing may be longer than initially thought. a slowdown is difficult because you lose a job or slow down is difficult because your business has less revenues or you have less orders or your less activity have less customers. if at the same time of having less it revenues for your company, your costs are authorizing that has implications for unemployment. that has implications for a government revenues. the ability for governments to, to then reinvest back into the economies. food prices are also continuing to rise. hundreds of millions of people could find themselves unable to pay for staples,

such as bread, meat and vegetables. twenty's. when to to his the year many hoped, would end the fall off of the coven, 19 pandemic, and set a motion a global economic recovery. then came the war in ukraine, which has led to an increase in energy prices and a shortage of grain supplies. all these faxes, along with high inflation on likely to store economic growth and may even lead to a prolonged recession hush. marbella for al jazeera, counting the cost, doha, the head of global aviation body. i. tar says he's confident the industry will return to profitability in 2023. be global. pandemic plunge the global aviation industry into its worst financial crisis in it's a stream. losses are estimated at more than $200000000000.00 over 2 years. during that time, the air transport action group reports that more than 2000000 jobs were cut. and now there is a scramble to hire tens of thousands of employees. but security screenings are

causing delays. shortages have let to flight cancellations, especially in europe. despite the high numbers of people wanting to travel, and as we mentioned earlier, the war and ukraine has seen fuel prices double leading to a roughly 30 percent hike in flight prices come in and our dean is the vice president of iota for the middle east and north africa, he thinks there are many reasons to be hopeful. just looking at how well the industry performed this year was thought of this year. even with a hiccup like the i'm a grown man, the last year of the resilience of the airline. how nimble they had just for each airline adjusts its capacity and what it needs. you can see the numbers just grow month over month. i'm looking at their plans down the road even with like the rising prices, oil and stuff like that. as we're still looking very optimistic, yes, airlines are smart enough to not put all its capacity back into the market. so so,

so there's still 2070 percent of that capacity not being used. and of course, are reduces a lot of the operational costs or the fixed costs in some cases. so, so they are managing their resources more carefully achieving the profit. but don't forget, this is their achieving a problem that does not mean they're profitable. achieving a profit, but they have 2 years of losses to, to, to recap, i think most of the analysts specifically in this region calculated their manpower acquirements and their resources very carefully and accurately from what i can see . and i think the demonstration of how they restart that again, and they restarted the bank at a faster than anybody expected. and yet without the problems that we're facing in europe and new us cuts our air, we see a credit back at told us his outlook is positive. i am settling optimistic that that things will continue for the foreseeable future. i also don't

think they all price will stay at this level for enter and there's a shortage of capacity because badlands cannot fly all that is to show the adjustment of our pilots by the fortunately that is not the case with us. we also spoke toward brady, he's the president down chief executive of twist support the global education services company. and he talked us through the magnitude of some of the tests that the industry has faced. government acted unilaterally, and this very difficult had damage. and they didn't coordinate or consult with the asian industry, whether it be i also i k o. so they effectively to ga vh industry. and then to expect the industry to literally restart from a very low level to factor effect re near 2019 levels is a very big challenge for everyone with

a long and well populated coastline. the u. k is a serious risk from climate change flooding and storm damage could make many areas uninhabitable by 2015, the government is planning to spend $7000000000.00 to protect the coast. but experts say hard decisions are needed about which areas are saved and which are surrendered to the c. jonah hall reports from sidmouth and devon. this is sid, my son, the devon coast. a georgian town that lost a 100 meters of shoreline in a century, a rate that's now close to double in places on its east beach. the cliffs have been crumbling for years. where once there was climate denial, there is now an unavoidable reality. as we watched another section and fell into the sea, a certain climate change now has to change people's perception in the last couple years. i think there's a recognition that there's

a tremendous danger from climate change. coastal defense is already in place, protect the towns proven out, but they've affected the natural title drift, making things worse for the nearby cliffs. down here at the water line, you can clearly see the forces of nature weighing on this landscape down one side. this river run off made heavier by more frequent storm activity, up above the cliffs, heavy rainfall that saturate the soil from below the waves lapping. although i pretty much up to the base of the cliffs, their own beach protections washed away. it's a 3 pronged assault, making this world heritage site and others like it all the way up and down the jurassic coast, vulnerable, fragile, prone to collapse. the problem is people live up here, some in large houses with majestic c views and fast receding from lawns. it is worrying, but i assume with the my age there's not going to be

a physical problem to myself. but the further down the road you get of asleep is the worry will get larger. and there are gardens that are literally falling into the sea down. absolutely. and at some stage they've got to do something to protect the town. a 2020 report by the committee on climate change found that 1200000 homes in the u. k are at high risk of flooding, and a 100000 more will succumb to coastal erosion in decades to come. there's increased funding for protection but not everywhere can receive it. and that means hard choices lie ahead. basically telling those people who lives there. but you will not be will no longer be able to live here in the next 203040 years, you'll have to abandon your house because we can no longer afford to protect you. now, those are really, really tough decisions. and they, they, those sorts of decisions will, will increasingly be necessary in the future. the homeowners overlooking east beach,

a clinging on her. now there are plans being worked out by the local council for a protective barrier to be placed in the c. it's a race to hold back the rising tide. jonah haul al jazeera sidmouth. joining us from london is 20 sermons, he who's the managing director of climate and sustainability at the global insurance, giant marsh mclennan. she's also a member of the independent adoption committee that advises the u. k. government on climate risks. welcome to al jazeera talk us through the current flood risk in the u. k. and what impact that could have. hello, thank you very much for inviting me. planning is the largest climate risk that the you case pay thing and we see that already in terms of the impact on community and businesses. but going forward these trends i expected to increase and that extend to flooding from coach thought flood from river labs,

but also rain rainfall events in the not yet. and so what are the socio economic rocking ramifications of such flooding? well, let right is already the most costly risks today, and there are estimates from the government that they can make damage to business side will actually need $1000000000.00 pay. yeah. by 2050. that gives us a change. but there are other cation and, and our research here at mass. mclennan also looked at where, for example, infrastructure is located and where assets are being built. and this is a really important story because we see that actually quite a large number of new homes in the, in the u. k. are it built in area? but flooding, particularly low income households,

which are then disproportionate the, at risk. okay, here's the thing, i mean, how would you, what would your advice be on how to get countries to start to rethink their approach to flood risk and what strategies do they need to put in place? well, i mean, 1st of all, i think we really need to be up front and say, climate change is a threat, multiply and it will amplify existing or taking a look at supply chain transport board type security, all be all going to be impacted by the blood so we really need to get that message out the i j not just the question of getting your feet wet because you can be impacted lapse without b direct. he physically flooded. okay, so that opens up also a lot of oppertunity to then work to trust those supply chains. work across communities in terms of enhancing flood protection,

i'm changing particularly production processes and ultimately often moving away from out of palms way and which country. i mean, is it possible to say which country is the best prepared or, and also who is the worst prepared at this point? while our research says that all major industrial countries actually has a significant blacklist problem. but also starting to invest in rest brazilian. and, but it's, it's really important that what we're trying to do is basically playing almost catch shop because i'm, when we looked at climate change, i mean, we already the same climate change the we're living already with climate. and we, we know that even with emissions reduction, where it can, you bring to degree warming scenario. i am our estimates so that the percentages

people who are paid to pluck with are expected to double from today's level. so that gives you a problem. and then yeah, it's down to 2 countries to take advance action and to manage that well once the government or country rather, that seems to have made some progress on this. and correct me if i'm wrong here is the netherlands because expensive. billions of euros every year. maintaining and upgrading its defenses. can other countries learn from the netherlands model like the mold these like the u. k, like other island nations who are where most at risk was certain that there is a lot, but that we can learn at the netherland. are because of their, their exposure it's, it's a little 9 country where the coastline, they have made a lot risk management part of their national strategy for a long time. but the key question is, you know, at what point i'm,

are we taking these measures and, and dimension of, of the nation. the key point there is to increase back to passages, to, to act and to, and take this action now or right. we will leave it there. we thank you very much. when you out, sir minsky, for joining us from one to and that's her. so for this week, you can get in touch with us by treating me adding a g in to use the hashtag a j. c. t c, when you do so, you can also drop us an email counting the calls that al jazeera dot net is our address. but there's more for you online at al jazeera dot com slash c t c. and that'll take you straight to our page, which has individual reports, links, an entire episodes for you to catch up on a set for this edition of counting a cost. i'm dead in obligated in the whole team. thanks for joining us. the news on al jazeera is next ah

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