looks workshop was operating for a room, and a private home power was switched off temporarily to allow firefighters and police to rescue people who had made doubling and rose bingo bow at it. so far we have found 5 bodies, of which we believe one is a girl who lived at the sight. yes, because i thought it was, you've lost everything. the family who live near us also lost everything. all 3 families have lost the houses. he said he does young a clandestine unauthorized fireworks workshop was operating in a room in one of those houses. china has launched a rocket taking a new laboratory module to its young space station. it blasted off from the island province of high non new additional features, biotech and aerospace facilities. it's the 2nd of 3 modules being deployed. more than a 100000 people flocked to the u. s. city of san diego, for the largest comic sy, fi and fantasy event in the world. it's the 1st full scale san diego comic con, to be held in 3 years. organizers had to scale it back at the height of the current

of ours pandemic that this year, cause players finally got that chance. dressing up is their favorite comic book, tv, and movie characters. ah, quotes every with us. hello, adrian. forget hear it though. how the headlines are 0, a fuel has been held for 2 palestinians killed in an israeli military operation in the occupied westbank for the 19 were wounded. 2 of them critically. in the rate in nablus. john holland is there. grady food says came into the occupied west bank and here to the city of nablus, which is in the northern part 5 west bank. they went into the old city. they then showed a building, a house there where gum was sheltering. after that, there was an exchange of fire and they shot dead to palestinian men, both of them in their twenties, their names mohammed as easy, and up to rockman sofa. now both of those men,

afterwards it was announced that they were part of the military wing of fata, the palestinian political movement that military wing is, could be alexa moths, his brigade, russia has admitted carrying out an attack on the ukrainian ported odessa on saturday. the foreign ministry says that it was targeting a naval vessel well cletus condemned to strike for jeopardizing a grain export deal. a state of emergency has been declared in california as mariposa county is the largest active wildfire in the u. s. rapidly spreads more than 6000 people have been evacuated, and 10 homes destroyed. warnings of extreme heat have been issued in dozens of cities in china. as it swelter is on the soaring temperatures. the mercury is expected to reach more than 40 degrees celsius. at least 21. people have died in flooding and afghanistan and for the 20th injured fossil, the highway between cobbling jalal about us been washed away,

flooding spread across 10 provinces. the pope is traveling to canada to apologize in person for the catholic church. his role in running indigenous residential schools. but frances is calling to visit a pilgrimage of penance. a child has lost a rocket, taking a new laboratory module to its chan, gong space station. it's the 2nd of 3 more deals being deployed to the space station. others, the headline for these continues here on al jazeera, after today's inside story, coming up next ah june is, is president once more power? so on monday there's a referendum to change the constitution to do just that critic sake. i side wants

to cement a power ground. what kind of political system does the new constitution propose? and could it lead to renew turmoil in the birthplace of the 2011 arab spring? this is inside store. ah. hello and welcome to the program and burnett's protesters in tune easier. se monday's referendum on constitutional reforms is illegal. the proposed changes would sideline parliament and remove most of the checks on the president's power opposition group say it's a return to autocracy. as chi side a suspended parliament dissolved the supreme judicial council and started ruling by decree. if approved,

the new constitution would end the hybrid presidential parliamentary system blamed for the political in fighting that his power ised june as his post revolutionary governments wrestle 3rd r as more from tennis. more than a decade after tunisia support the arabs being uprisings and now the country is to work on a controversial constitutional referendum which will be held on 25th of july. there have been several protest across the many cities in the country, particularly on hobby will give us read in the capital city off to an s. so the turn now is going to be critically important on the day of the referendum. and this brought as all being organized by the national salvation phone, which is a combination, a coalition of the political parties against the cook and they are calling for a boycott the tour. now the participation on the day of the referendum is going to be critically important for both parties. that's why this political parties

opposition parties are calling for a boycott because they say that if this referendum is adopted, it's going to. and the parliamentarians system, which was adopted in 2014 and turn country into a executive presidential system. and the critic says that this constitution will give full authority to the president over judiciary over the parliament, over all the state and public institutions in the country. and they fear that if there's a constitution is adopted, that could paved way back to therion ism in the country. once again. the so sad that for inside story tennis now ahead of the vote. busy has what people had to say on the streets of the capital. choose money smith. i will not participate in the referendum simply because it does not represent me. it is the constitution of one individual, the president. he didn't even pay attention to the committee that was responsible for drafting it. he dropped at his own constitution so he can exercise his

dictatorship like one of the chapters even protects him from accountability. how can i surrender my life to him so that he will not be held accountable? he is not a prophet. another smith, i will accept this constitution. and even if they consider it a coo, i support it. the important thing is that there is an honest person, i support this constitution where the crew, as they call it, i will participate in the referendum and i agree with k said, we are with him in his victory over the islamists and the new assembly. the minute you said alan in it, it is not possible to talk about the application of democracy when people are hungry. poverty is increasing and crime is high them and it is also not possible to talk about rural democracy before achieving food and public security. achieving self sufficiency and food and good education, then it's possible to talk about it. many justified democracy without even understanding what it means when there's

let's bring in our guests from june as a means sanusi as a political analyst and journalist from syracuse, new york is mohammed dia. hm. army, a political scientist and researcher at syracuse as universities, maxwell school, and also from tunis zayed. our alley is a constitutional law specialist and a founder of the arab association of constitutional law. a warm welcome to all zaid . i'll begin with you. how does this new constitution differ from the one of 2014? well as if there is a large number of respects. so 1st of all, it differs in the way in which was written. the 2014 constitution was written in a process that was far more inclusive than this current text. this current text was written theoretically, pursuant to a consultation and the work of the commission. but that. busy ultimately, what happened is, up on the problem received. the commission's work. a different version was published, so we don't actually know who drafted the final version. it might have been the

present himself, american, someone else from a small group of people. but in any event, the consultation and the work of the commission has to do with the federal texts that was ultimately circulated or the 2014 cars. she was job to pursue into a fairly long. busy negotiated process, i don't want to describe it to lot to returns with a strong how to turn problems. but at least at the very least, it was a negotiated text between rival political groups. that's what happens in terms of how it's up in terms of its content. the 2014 constitution adopted, adopted a hybrid model whereby the president of the chief executive and the parliament shared power between them. they rolled in short, leaving the top and coming cabinet and also from leading policy. this cost should be proposed constitution establishes was referred to as a hyper production system, which is distinct from traditional presidential system. a hyper presidential system

which establishes one person firmly up the top of all state institutions and people needs to maker in relation to serious matters of policy. ok, so i mean, does that sound like to you that this constitution has been written with one man in mind? particularly well, yes, the constitution is fis regina regina is his last year when he grabbed the hours it was just said remove the presidential system where the presidential is a sole ruler of the state. and he does not share powers with the fall, him and over the chief the chief of governments. and that's what worries the civil side he and the parts of the positions. the fact that we are really going from this system, this polymer system to a return of the presidential system and

a very strong additional system where it is hard to find any come through power to the, to the, to the president or mama. dear, as a zaid set mentioned, the 2014 constitution was passionately debated at a national level. but was there a problem with it in the way the power power was split between the president and parliament is as was allowed casey to do what he's doing in the moment. i don't think so. people were complaining about the design that we had in the 2014 constitution because of the instability that we saw, but doesn't instability of the last 6 years or, or 7 years, doesn't differ that much from us or to a voluntary regime or environment. the regimes in and in europe. i think the narrative that we're seeing today that is putting the blame on the constitutional design is just some sort of motivated reasoning to find

a way to dismantle what has been built during the last years and established in your personal istic regime that fits science ah, preferences, i mean zayed there was this a landslide, the case one the presidency within 2019? is he able to claim legitimacy for what he's doing now? a from that landslide victory? well, i'm not ready to go unless there's double check and say about the other than to say that the legitimacy of the constitution should be distinct from his own personal legitimacy. so him, the president, he certainly has the you can see in, within the system organize the election and his own populations has significant commercial operations support him, but it costs the shortest and should not be linked to the personal legitimacy of a thing with the visual. so we'll have to wait and see on monday,

how many people participate in the population participate in the referendum and of those individuals to participate, what proportion supported? and then we'll have a lot more to say about the widget and the tax. i mean, is the president using the legitimacy claiming the legitimacy from east landslide in 2019 to push this constitutional change through? well, yes, he's using his victory in the central company to build momentum and to gain legitimacy for the new situation. while it's very different, because this is a long term project, the constitution will be the source of flow. fortune again, for the next 10 years, maybe or even more. and that's what difference. and as we have seen during the physicians that you know or didn't bother, i adore the government. and that's what louis

this through now is a question and is an important question when you are going through establish a constitution? and there is, there is no, no size of the president losing any sleep over the participation on monday. i think that it might, that he will impose the constitution whatever the number. okay. well i mean, the thing is this far outside observe is the puzzle is often that into nicea sites, suspension of palm and last year. what many people call a qu, essentially, just seem to receive widespread support. why was fans and one does not seem to be still that support yet. so in fact, there was a preparation for what happened on july 25th in term of media discourse in terms of age on the grounds and sides payment as a security event. and this says that he talks about the threat of

violence between citizens and he made his speech and bother me the dairy, and use of you when we have had the say that make this kind of announcement, we have what we, what we call a radi effect. meaning, the incumbent, popularity tend to be in athens, even in democratic, establish democratic countries. the problem, however, is that most of those who supported sy it did not imagine that it will change the constitution or even extend the state exception. and that's why we saw people changing positions starting from the 1st few months that followed the and the cool. but at the same time, i managed to keep

a certain dynamic is or some level of large they, there's no mechanism as far as we can say in this new construction for removing the president and looks like he can extend it 2 year term limit if he wants depending on the security system situations or it is that correct reading of businesses pay the way for decades of $1.00 man rule. well the only way. busy to move the president or even to control his power is to national actions. so if, if, for example, whether it's this president or any other president was elected within the context of this constitutional system. next selection might take place in 2023 of the dental elections. and in those elections, if it's the president or another president, if within the 1st year, it's broad understood this consensus in the country that the elected president occupies the presidency, is incompetent from a leading policy. and have any idea about how to form. busy here in cabinet,

then there's essentially nothing that you can do to either remove him from the presidency or even to control his power. because if parliament decides to get to, to do too much opposition to the present and then the, what the public can do this all part of it. which is one of the reasons why this system is not the strike that the president will just. but as a hyperlink system, because even if it's the present and self whose performance is problematic, doesn't know how to formulate policy, who can respond to the needs of the country. then what he can do is punish other institutions. no other institution has the right or the ability to circumscribe, to control his authority or to hold them accountable to move into the office. you would have to wait into the next actual cycle, which we could take for years. if what we're talking about is and someone fairly in the 1st year. so no, there's no other mechanism apart from things that might happen all out on the

street. there's no cost to ship like a gentleman. just put it there for a 2nd while we look back and explain why we are, why we are today. not. unity is often referred to as the only success story of our spring uprisings. the presence critics of accused in returning the country to the autocratic system. a pre 2011 last year. likewise, the fact the prime minister unsuspended parliament. in september he started ruling by decree, appointing a new cabinet. and setting aside parts of the constitution. 3 months late aside, announced a referendum, unconstitutional changes that would be held in july 2022 followed by parliamentary elections in december. so far, the shit he's dissolved, parliament shut down the anti corruption watchdog. and 5, dozens of judges, a draft version of his constitution prompted legal experts to warn it could lead to the take to ship. so the president amended it slightly had of monday's vote. vi i

also wanted to ask you, there is an interesting suggestion that the new constitution will drop references to islam as the state religion is bothered. dig it and not the main opposition party. you think what, what does that come from? so, so we become sean la succession of events. what originally happens is that the commission was established to, to, to prepare the original draft of the constitution. they floated this idea that article to the constitution. article one of the constitution provided the state religion should be, should be amended or should be dropped altogether. and that was ultimately maintained in the draft of the president of finally the published. but he added in a new series of the new provisional article 5, which has its all wording and language about islam and the link between states. and so ultimately, i don't know if this will make any difference in practice. i mean,

you know, the relationship between religion and state has always been a little bit vague and unclear. and tunisia certainly not a secular. some people made it out to the north and as religious and other people may be also on the other side of the spectrum. and ultimately what's gonna end up happening is that whoever's in charge of state policy will decide whether or not they want to use religion. for to inspire legislation, they policy or to stay with a opposition because opposition, whatever it is that they think it's convenient for them, but i don't think the current boarding makes any major difference. now, i mean high unemployment, high prices were key factors behind the revolution. in 2011 little was changed really, since then. but the haven't been these wide spread protests on the streets again side that you have back in 2011 against the previous president. why is that case? you think? well, 1st of all, i think there is reason 1st,

the else is not really bothered with this election with district brenda. we are talking about something that is very promoted with legal terms, is very difficult to, to, to generalize the public opinion. so it's really not a subject in the whole, the whole family i think, plays a role that the professors are not really free to do to do their, to do their, their money. and they're both as we have seen yesterday, police brutality during, during the, during the protest against the, against the new constitution. and we have seen many school actors who have been injured or arrested by the police. at least 7 arrest yesterday during the process

in front of the municipal yes, your injury. so this is, this is, this is interesting because it is such brutality. we haven't seen too long. we have now we have multiple times when the right to put this was written and now we have reached a new level of detail. ok, mama did the protests on friday. there was a party organized by 3 major opposition party and not having its own on saturday. why does this opposition remain fractured and he's not able to come together to present the nighted fronted help sky sides argument doesn't it? yes, the opposite is factored for several reasons. the 1st one is lack of trust and inter party dynamics of the last year. the last years,

especially since the 2019 elections eroded for us between and now and those who are more in the center. and on the other side you have those who are more on the left side of the spectrum who have tend to have more ideological antagonism against ah, it is the, is amas and do not cannot, not even consider working, working with them. so inside is playing on that, in fact, is using legal cases constituted by a part of the opposition to attack the samus and, and they're fine with that as long as i did that in their enemy. so far they, it, the constitution. the traditions were so proud of that they created after the after the spring. it's given several free and fair elections to new series delivered those, but it's not delivered as we just touched on before, the sort of jobs and the dignity and the food that unit is

a looking the changes in the looking for. is there any hope this new version giving more power to the present will make things on life any better for trinity and little mean, the constitution doesn't say anything about those issues. i mean at a very, very basic level. if you look at the, the 2014 constitution and that's not a false tuition and this new proposed constitution, they all provide for associate economic rights of the all ready people wide for the free health care and quality education and other soci can rights. but none of those rights are directly enforceable in the courts or 3 and the other mechanisms into which is we've been the tradition here. i'm going to court will never receive a dispute relation to those issues. and in 2014 that was not discussed. there was no change to disgust the only the only disgust superficial changes to the wording was provisions, even though everyone knew that the origin force of. ready and the same thing happened again. now in 2022,

there's no change to the system. so this competition only changes the system. government previously was a plural to the government. now it's govern. well, one person has a huge wants with already for an extended period of time, but it doesn't say anything about what mechanism, what means, what arrangements, ordinary intrusions, have to have to improve their socio economic status at all. so then they can still continue to still claim to call itself a democracy that it's transition from dictatorship to democracy. can it's still claim mount. i mean the, the problem with the system as it exists is that it depends entirely on the will and the behavior of the individual happens to be president. the system as is provided for proposed constitution makes it very possible, very easy for that individual to capture all state institutions to determine all state policy and to remain in power for a. busy long period time,

completely unopposed. so if we're lucky and it turns out that the person in charge, whether this present or another person is of good will and a democrat and so forth and it won't be a dictatorship. but if for whatever reason the person is doesn't want to behave in that way and the size to capture some institutions, you'll be able to do it not by violating the textbook. merely by applying, protects the text makes it possible. ok, so mama, dear zaya, they're suggesting that we need a good deal of luck for trinity to be able to succeed democratically do you see ty, side as the the different president in the arab world? the one who will not seize power for his own good. what would do it for the benefits of the, of the 2 thousands of his people? yeah, i don't think you will be that difference or may be the institutional design and the norm, the social norms will make,

will read to some resistance. and but if we compare him to either presidents who did similar pose, so food or to go pay. and it's very likely that he will end up establishing not only in the for a 10 regime, but also a personal mystic regime in the sense that does not rely on institution. so for example, in must a very dangerous countries. in the r word, there are institutions that share some level of power with the president, either legally or defact and side is moving toward the extreme concentration of power. and that will probably lead to policy and efficiency of the golden stability. and from what we know about this kind of regimes, not only in the reason back was the word that personalization of power. ok then

also to close the room for peaceful transitions of power. ok. all right, gentlemen, we are unfortunately out of time, but thanks to all our guests, i mean sanusi to mohammed dear her mommy and zaid are ugly. and thank you too for watching. you can see the problem again. any time by visiting our website, al jazeera dot com, and for more debate, go to our facebook page. that's facebook dot com, forward slash ha inside story. you can also join the conversation on twitter. we are at a j in science store for me, bernard smith, and the whole team here. ah ah.

and on counting the costs, once the economic impact of europe's extreme weather conditions and are developing nations, getting the funds needed to make the transition to renewables across have returned to the skies. but is the demand for a new plane on the rise? counting the cost on al jazeera ah al jazeera, when ever you oh.

safe going home and then international anti corpse, him excellence award boat. now for your hero. ah.