this game in itself was nail biting. lots and lots of chances spoke taken and missed. i think really it was a great spectacle. the crowds are really much more mixed perhaps than a normal europe tournament. lots of young children with families and groups. big groups of women friends as well. they've had record attendances at the stadiums around the country more than 500000 watching in person big audiences on television as well. but the hope is that beyond the elite it can lead to a greater investment in the gross route. busy sport with gills at primary school age and beyond. not just having access, but affording, to train at the early club. sometimes it's not free for them. it academies linked to premier ship clubs when it is for boys. so a bit of a quality is what's been also a bit more respect and a bit more financial stability for the professional players so that they can

dedicate themselves to the sport. and if there are any questions about the quality that they offer, i think this tournament has really got rid of those questions. ah, until mccray, with the headlines on al jazeera, iraq, she a politician mac tava al sada, is asking all a rock. he's to join, protest is who attempt inside parliament. his supporters stormed the building on saturday for the 2nd time and awake that demanding a complete change to the political system. as spokesman for turkey's president says, the 1st ship carrying grain could leave you crying on monday. the you in and turkey broke a deal signed between russia and ukraine on the 22nd of july. is intended to ease global grain prices, which have risen since the russian invasion, which president vladimir putin has signed a new naval strategy,

which designates us and nato military infrastructure as its main challenges. cushion made the announcements during russia's naval days ceremony in saint petersburg. he said, russia would protect its maritime borders by all means necessary. he also said that the delivery of new hypersonic cruise missiles, will happened with a monk over to sales and residents in northern california have been forced from their homes by a mess of wild font. the mckinney fire has scorched more than 200 square kilometers of land inside a national forest. it's the largest blaze and the state so far this year. wild life has seen the st. fleeing the area to avoid the flames. it began on friday and its rapids spread false, governor gavin newsom, to declare a state of emergency on saturday. free and england have beaten germany in the final

of the women's european football championship. fluid chloe kelly's school, the winning colon extra time. it's england's 1st major trophy and football since 1966. those are the headlines. the news continues after the string up next. how and why did who become so obsessed with this law? we were giving them a tool to hold corrupt individuals and human rights abusers accountable. they're gonna rip this deal apart if they take the white house of 2025. what is the world hearing when we're talking about why american today you'll weekly take on us politics and society? that's the bottom line with . welcome to the stream, imac much aberdeen filling in for family. okay. today examining be origins of the universe with the james web space telescope. it's the largest telescope ever sentence, a space. and its mission is to observe the birthplace as of distant stars, planets,

and galaxies. astronomers say it's a breakthrough for science that may answer humanities. biggest questions, including where do we come from, and are we alone to get our conversation started here as nasa, astrophysicist, amber, strong? for me, the most exciting aspect of this new telescope is really the breadth of science will be able to do, will be able to study objects from within our own solar system, all the way out to the most distant galaxies. ever. the very 1st galaxies that were born after the big bang and everything in space and time in between. and these 1st images that we've just, or least really just give us a glimpse, just a hit of what's going to be possible with this incredible new telescope. i'm so excited for that year of science that we already have planned, and i have no doubt that this telescope is really going to change the way that we understand the universe and ways that we haven't even dreamed of yet. joining us to

explain the significance of the j. w. s t is our panel of scientists in california, jesse christenson, a project scientists with the nasa zill planet archive. renee doyen, principal investigator for the web telescopes, find guidance sensor and info red imager, known as nearest and in nova scotia, la mullah, an observational astronomer with the dunlap institute for astronomy and astrophysics . and of course, if you want to ask a question to our panel, jump into our live you tube. chad and you can be part of today's conversation. all right, so, so much to discuss, i want to start with, with the basics, kind of the emotion of this moment if you will, jessie, we built this, i say we of course i haven't done anything but we built his incredibly complex telescope. i believe it's a 100 times, at least more sensitive than it's 30 year old predecessor. why is this so exciting to what does it actually enable us to do? wow, hubble is been such a amazing observatory for humanity for decades now. and there is some things where

hubble has just given us a glimpse. we have a hints, we think that there's something bare and we're very excited now with dated with t. we'll finally get to the answers and some of these incredible questions, like, what's inside the atmosphere at these exit planets with finding how far back can we see towards the dawn of the universe. so it's a step we've been wanting to take for a really long time. so it's very exciting that we're finally here and the telescope is performing as well as it is. right. and on that note that it's performing as well as it is. i mean, i can imagine many things could have gone wrong, renee and you know that in of itself is a celebration or something worth celebrating. you know, with that in mind, we sent this what 1.5 kilometers or 1000000 kilometers, if i'm not mistaken. and it's sending back data and that data is digestible to you or in a, what is what is the most exciting element here? well, everything, i mean, you've said that this is arguably the most complex machine that you meant the as

a build. and we sent at 1500000 kilometers away. and the eyes, you mentioned that many things could have gone wrong 1st. so you know, the sales goes so big. so we have to fold it in a big, you know, like how big are we going to be figure in a, in the, in the frame, a rocket, an incentive $1500000.00, then we have to deploy it. and i used to describe this, this 2 weeks of deployment, this 7 days of terror. well, really, it was 7 days of joy because things went so smoothly. and then we had to align these 18 segments with exquisite currency. you know, it's on you can imagine depression, you need to line these mergers with one another. and yet it took several months. we did it and it worked so well. and one thing to understand too is that this tesco is always beyond a sun. she'll always in the, in the dark, it has to be protected from the sun and it's very cold out there. it's minus one in

degrees celsius, whatever in finite, this is so cold. so we have to develop new technologies to operate investment at these temperatures. so it was a lot of challenge, it took 20 years. and so, yeah, so now we're opening and you eyes and this guy and to answer big questions about the original designers and i, we alone for i'm, we will have a credible machine so, so on, on those big questions just quickly and maybe let me know we can start with you, we have and are you to chat solitary kid convinced that we're not alone thing, there's no way we are alone. and i'm wondering beyond that question, that big question. what excites you as someone who's, who's already processing some of the data that's being sent from your vantage point . let me well, we asked in vain for those data for so long as just right next door to me is the entire canadian extra galactic team to city. they're going through the data, and they're just all crying out, enjoy every time be,

find this little galaxies really read galaxies. and we think are, you know, might be one of the 1st of the universe, this galaxies that are full of stars, which might very well, like be our own son and might have a kind of like our earth. so, you know, when you look at something like this, something that is like almost a time capsule, where you're seeing galaxies at very different distances because of this wonderful property of light, you know, coming to us at the same speed. you just cannot feel, you know, you cannot feel alone in this. but certainly i think i think many of us are excited by the prospect and we'll get to that at the end of this conversation. but before we do, if i may, renee you or forgive me, i jesse you said something interesting kind of comparing hubble to, to this new telescope that we're celebrating today. and there is this tweet by john christiansen, not to be confused with someone from your family. i believe but, but at least someone who created this really powerful tool, take

a look at this. i'm gonna just scroll down a bit. this compare is essentially, this is the, the new telescope, and this is the original sort of hubble image, right? and, and this is the southern ring nebula, could you just beyond sort of the fact that this looks like something that was photo shopped. what, what is that, what is all of this that we see here? tell us that we, we didn't know before. right, so what we're looking at here is a planetary nebula, which astronomers are really bad at naming things. so i'll stop by saying it doesn't actually have anything to do with planets. it's a planetary nebula, it's what happens when a star like our son gets to the end of its life and starts puffing off all of its outer layers and they create is a gorgeous cloud that you see today. and the star in the middle pushes the cloud away. what we, the detail that we have with database t is going to allow us to discern much more about the physics, the actual physical mechanisms that are pushing the gas away and how the gas is

behaving, gives us information about the medium that the gas is going into the, into stella medium. what happens between stars? this gives us a glimpse of this. and, you know, just to hear from someone else if we can kind of echoing some of those key points that you outlined. we have christine chin and astronomer at the space telescope science is institute, who really highlights for us what she believes is so groundbreaking about this moment. take a look. these 1st early release observations really give us a glimpse into how j t will transform our understanding of the universe genius. he was designed to peer back to the end of time to see the 1st galaxies for me. and indeed, the nearer camera capture, grubs 1st. deep feel, interest 12 and a half hours revealing a scant teeming with distant galaxies. and each galaxy has been imaging, exquisite detail revealing galaxies with warmth, bright star clusters, and news,

and shrouded in dust. in our newly formed understanding goes beyond these beautiful images to increase spectrum, that would be a precise distances to individual galaxies. what used to take couple days now takes 2 to 2 hours. and as a result, almost every observation will provide a glimpse into the distant universe. so, you know, already when we say we are going to be exploring exit planet atmosphere is in more depth now as a result of this new telescope. what is, what does that mean? i mean, some of our you tube of commenters ghost in the blur saying this is unbelievable and exciting, but when will we prove other life besides us exists? that is the big question. we also have someone named and had saying, well, the more the discoveries, the more the unanswered questions. so do we anticipate that some of the discovery is being made already or that will be made, will be surprises. and do you think this is, can that really for sure, make us know that there's life out there?

well, we can't know what our web will will detect life. but what we can be absolutely sure that will make giant step how is answering that question. do you have to sign the when, when we need to do so we're trying to detect an atmosphere. we're trying to detect the molecules that's in there on, on urge those molecules like oxygen and that those are, are made by, by life. and, but you know, we haven't really done that yet on small planet. we have to take that much years on gas john planet, like the one we saw, the newest instrument take this beautiful spectrum. while you see the bumps on the wiggle, you get used to these things. going to see many of these spectra in the coming year . and so that's spectrum prove without any doubt that there's war and use. and you can also methane seo. and when you combine with the other side sentiment, you get the whole sweets of capital d to detect molecules and that's actually key to one day. and so the question is there, you know, bias natures and gas that are due to biological activities. yesterday,

the stand that hobbled view was in terms of color is what me, me, me like this, you know, hobbles or now where it's like you can up, right? like my hand right? completely different. and so just like the, the feel we have a completely new perspective and with exquisite details. one big limitations about hobble is that it goes around the earth, every 95 minutes 90 minutes. so when you try to measure a like triple meetings will find it, it's always interrupted in this case where we, we can continuously observe this object without any interruptions, and that makes a big, big difference. and renee speaking there, i was showing the audience just kind of the comparison of the korean and nebula, for example. and some of those elements that you were describing. i do want to kind of kind of ask or actually let me let eric baker, he sent us a question that i'll put to you and they take a listen to eric how to say given that the james web space telescope only see

certain colors that are on the spectrum of light visible to human, how to scientists go about tolerating the images that we get to see online. i forget my, sorry, jesse, that's a sorry that i just show. so what we have to do is we have to take the wavelengths that, that james webb test buy, sells good looking at which is in the infrared heat. and we have to map those into optical wave length that we can see with our eyes. so we, we take that, that section of the wavelength that we can't see, and we remap in something we can see. so these beautiful images are not what you would see with your eye if you were out in space looking at these nebula, you wouldn't see that. but they are giving us this rich amount of detail about the different wavelengths that these objects are meeting at. and so it's not that there was no end for a red before it was, it's just that much more advanced, right? if you will, like to hubble, have this capacity to a certain extent. i mean, i'm reiterating, maybe i'm wrong. i think i'm wrong to tell me no correct us,

let me to. i just want to mention so the previous grade observatory that was an infrared telescope was spitzer also spits that was a nasa mission that operated from 2003 to 2019. and it had infrared capabilities and was able to see glimpses of just again give us hints about what was there and, and so many interesting questions. but leave us wanting more and web is giving us mole. i'm, you know, obviously we've been celebrating so far. i see that there are 2 other guests are in agreement with you nodding there, but i would be remiss to not ask you about some controversy. of course, there's always controversy. we have, for example, this tweet saying, seeing the images from j w as t comes with the bitter sweet knowledge that the person the observatory is named after would not have wanted me or the dozens of other queer astronomers i know involved in this incredible achievement. it deserves better using that hash tag, they are rename j w s t. a lot of people might say, well, who cares? why is this controversial, your thoughts on this, jesse?

yes, so james webb was a nasa administrator during the apollo years and was very instrumental in having the cisco sent successful apollo missions prior to his time at nasa. he was in leadership at the state department when the state department was going through this period of purging a l g b t. people from the state department. this is in the early fifties and it's not clear that james webb had any specific role in that. but he was in leadership in the state department at the time. and so then it comes into this, you know, what responsibility did he have to stop it? you know, was he a product of his time? was he following orders? when it's very unclear the extent to which he was involved in this. so there's just some murkiness at it's made people. it's always a shattered things a bit. it's made people uncomfortable because you don't want to think that this incredible new instrument that was built for everyone was named off to someone who wasn't for everyone. i understand that that's a, that's a great way of putting a la you were gonna say something. oh,

i want to add them in i we will the james web space telescope. it's now being launched in error, which is where science is now a lot more open and now we are a bay and available accessible people around the world in a way that maybe the hubble space telescope are the previous missions of not have been be now have the data that was released today is actually available for anyone around the world to download and analyze the software i'd be using. trans license data is also more accessible. and i think because i don't, world post pandemic has also changed where we are now more able to connect with each other or conduct meetings. and the research is all on by. i think we are moving to an era where with james never did. we will see people from all over the world coming in into and, and getting, you know,

getting to do science with this wonderful telescope in a way that has not have happened before. but i think there's, you know, there is a lot of things to look forward to. now i'm here most, most certainly, and among them as much as i want to look for it and we should and there is so much to look forward to. i want to ask you just for a little bit of context, renee, you know, hubble versus web if you will. the last time nasa launched an observatory of such kind of importance and significance. it was really deemed a disaster if i'm not mistaken. in 1090 some, you know, astronomers like sandra faber, others saying it was an absolute, kind of catastrophe. why is that? and i don't want to focus too much, but, but how would you compare this moment? well, a hubble lead, the what you're referring to is one hobble was launch. he had some eyesight problem and we had that that was an issue, a mistake made which these things are not easy to do, of course. but of course we,

we learned from, from, but it was fixed, you know, because the hubble was close, is close to the day of the earth orbit. so we could send the shuttle and change easement to crack it's eyesight. and then how long came back with his good eyesight and that you know, a to a truly who was like astronomy. now we learned from that, and for that we were very careful with you, not repeat the same mistake and no, there's no problem with the telescope. and as i said, it's very complex machines, but it's deployment, and it's the and it's commissioning, went fairly smoothly. and so, you know, we should, we should be about at one point i want to mention is that what is very significant about his project is that this is an international project. and we live in, in trouble times with wars, ukraine. and his were summer project where you many get together and with common goals about understanding the universe. and that was a quite and then an achievement to, to, to do this, you know, a, nasa and europe altogether to, to maybe still come now for the well, no,

everyone can use the cells go most certainly and i, i appreciate you making that point. i also, you know, just looking at some of the numbers here. i mean, just to put this into context for jessie, i might be wrong, but i think the universe is about 13000000000 years old. and we've been around for about a 1000000 years. again, my math is horrible, but the point being with all these trillions of galaxies and just seeing those images, how they compare, what, what can you share with us about how this gives us a new kind of macro sense of where we fit into the world. and where to invest our resources in the future, a lot of people might say, why spend $10000000000.00 looking into outer space when we could be spending it here to fix our planet earth? yeah, these are really big important questions. and it's not a small amount of money, right? it's, it's a reasonable amount of money. i would say it comes back through the fact that you

reference this at the start of the show. these are some of the humanities oldest questions like where do we come from? are we alone and where are we going? and the deeper we can look into the detail of the universe around us, the quotes that we get to the answers to those questions. my can, i think a lot about what it would mean if we found life on another planet, you know, how would that change society? would we all just get up in the morning and read the newspaper and the headlines would change the next day, or would it change something fundamental about how we treat the planet and how we treat each other and how we treat the universe? you know, there's a lot of talk about colonizing miles for instance. and that's really interesting and problematic. like are we allowed to just go and take over space that didn't always end well on? so we have to think really carefully about what we're doing and things like with t give us the information to make more informed decision, better decisions about what we're going to do as a species. while i was growing,

please, rene. yeah, i just want to add that, you know, we, we often take for granted all we have around us, right? but we don't appreciate all the innovations we have. i'm has an origin. and in fact, that when you go in details, it goes back to an answering basic questions. for example, i'll give you an example. the camera that looks at me is a technology that was the device in the mid seventies. not to do a camera to do tv shows, it was a, a quote, the hubble space telescope. you to understand the universe. and so these are 2, you know, nasa fundings to develop technology. now today's, this everywhere, not just the tv, this is medical imaging. so, you know, you should think astronomers if we can see each other and they get selfie. this is the, the, we are a curious species, and this is the curiosity is the deepest root of innovation. so, fundamental science is fundamental to all we have around us. i wrote that down,

curiosity is the deepest root of innovation. i feel like so much put that on a t shirt. let me, i know you want to jump in, go ahead and just to add to that, the budget that being invested in jane said that's over a period of, you know, 25 years. and, but that's only a fraction of the cost that the nation has. bill, there's tons of spend on military budget every year. i've seen a lot of debate about whether we should be spending more money, whether we should be investing this money in education or be, are doing this because we want to learn being right universe. and that is all coming back to that and that's it. and that's a great point. i actually want to put another question to you. a lot of people on you tube asking about black holes. and i know there's, there's, you know, always a conversation about that online. we have already been saying how far back in time can be looked with this telescope. i know, let me, that's what you focus on. i do want to just piggyback one more question here that

was sent to us from denise lauren's. take a listen and then we'll come to you, let me so i'd like to know if you have the images of black holes. and if you can even see a black hole, so how far back can we look, and are we seeing black holes? well, we are trying to figure out how far can we learn? we are trying to find, you know, the galaxies, the structures that have formed in the 1st few 100000000 years of the universe with the 1st maybe 400 me, their ears right after the universe. and i guess the answer is just wait for to, we'll just have to wait to find out how far i think if you look at the good answer, quick quick poll across our panel before we go. so the telescope has, as we heard already detected water in the form of steam,

you spoke about potentially methane and other gas is being detected. renee, will we detect signs of alien life for lack of a better term in the universe within 10 years? that's what some nasa scientists are saying, jessie, your vote yes or no? i don't think they 10 years is to show it. give me 20 to 30 years and i'll say yes . all right. what about you? renee? i was going to to decays. yeah. 1010 years is a bit short, isn't years is a been sort i'm. yeah, yeah, i would say along the same line. yeah. you know, really and jesse say still go back, but go ahead renee quickly. but you know yet your lies to decays. this is very short, it means that we, our generation will see this groundbreaking discovery. and that's really the story went thing about it. so we've humanity as reach technology maturity, transfer that question and that, you know, we should appreciate that it's really amazing. and i'm not going to say that web is going to do that. and as i said,

it's gonna make join step to understand the habitable deal. res, i think in 5 you will say, okay, here's our planet. we know there's water in his atmospheres and his other molecules and he looks like this maybe habitable. well, that's the place to look at. and this will probably have odd emissions order be tails, come on the ground to a look at the system. this is where web will make a will then a major discovery. and then just to clarify, you know, we've discovered water and oxygen, or am i wrong about that? jesse oxygen o 2, i'm not sure about molecular o 2. we have seen water. we have seen methane, we have seen carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide or seen sodium. i don't know about oxygen. i don't know what the canal and we okay. we haven't, we have that very. i don't know. i'm, i'm pretending i know would concoction of things need to be found to determine that there is live out there now. i'm joking, but certainly

a topic that really opens and expands the mind even if it's hard to wrap your mind around this discovery and all the discovery discoveries that lay ahead. thank you so much. jesse renee and i'm yeah, that's all the time we have here at the stream for today. thanks for watching and see you next time. a tooth ah a reporting in the field means i also get to

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