i rode to hebron al jazeera world tells the story of 4 iconic cafes and their rude arab societies as hobbs of creativity. debate, december secrets with arrow, cafe, honor just either lulu i'm hammer, jim, german, doha. these are the top stories on al jazeera in libya, at least 23 people have been killed during battles in the capital tripoli between armed groups, backing rival administrations. the violence is raising fears that the country could return to a civil war. malik, trainer reports these clashes erupted early around 1 30 am local time between these rival militias and things escalated quite quickly. we saw

it of forces affiliated with the parallel government, led by fatigue, bushes, advanced towards the west of tripoli. they also advanced in the south of tripoli, which saw, you know, crashes erupt in and around, around the capitol. unprecedented flooding across pakistan has now killed more than 1000 people since mid june. more than 30000000 people have been affected. zane bus robbie has this update where i'm standing right now is really a snapshot of what's happening all over the province of sin. flood survivors are fleeing the affected areas and they are setting up camps make shift in at the water's edge in places all over the country. on the 1st piece of dry land they can find. now just over my shoulder is a small group of tanza small encampment locally. they're calling this

a 10 city. but these are barely tense, they're very, very rudimentary shelters. we spoke to people there who say that they are suffering with skin diseases, illnesses, the hydration, hunger, thirst. they have no villages to go back to because their villages are now simply gone. the european union, foreign policy chiefs, serbia, and cosco have settled dispute. serbia will abolish the need for people with causal idea to have entry documents and turn. costco has agreed to lead serbs travel across the border using their own id cards. the you in has condemned and if you open government air strike that killed at least 4 people on friday, unicef says the attack had a kindergarten in ticket i. the government has denied targeting civilians. the conflict between the rebels and government forces began nearly 2 years ago. the headlines, the news continues here on al jazeera after earth rise. ah

ah, the composition of the air we breathe is changing. the source is a toxic emissions all around us. every year, 7000000 people die from air pollution, making the world's biggest environmental killer. and then the dollar effects of global warming driven luxury by an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. in 2015, 195 countries assigned to the 1st comprehensive, legally binding pledge to reduce emissions. some countries the currently not following through on the promises but elsewhere. the commitment to finding ways to

clean the air we breathe remains high. i'm guillory to robbie and fashion forward me lot with a cement not only looks cheek, but it also cleans the air. and i'm also bid in iceland to feel one geothermal power plant, taking their green credentials to new levels. ah, it is released by the world health organization so that 80 percent of city dwellers are breathing badly polluted air. and this will only get worse. a society becomes more urbanized. italy is one of the most polluted countries in europe in 2012. it had the most pollution related death on the continent with over 90000 people in the country dying prematurely owing to bad air quality. mm. like most european cities, malone is highly polluted. i've come here to meet a team of engineers who created

a prod that could revolutionize unhealthy urban environments. milan a glamorous city famous for design and fashion has long been working on ways to combat it's air pollution. with architects looking towards buildings for solutions . amazingly, this incredible work of architecture is cleaning the pollution in the surrounding air as i speak. and rico berella is the innovation director for the company that designed this building the pallets. so, italia, this is amazing what a beautiful building these it combines that to completion of the land. one being, you know, with you all the same, the environment and also very good in the state. and we are very proud to be able to contribute this to retention. i swear i wash man. so you can see this is a, a inside of the concrete,

the idea that allows the sunlight to reduce pollution. the building is made up of cement that includes an active ingredient or catalyst called titanium dioxide. when u. v res hit the cement, they react with this catalyst to break down pollutants like nitrogen dioxide in the air. the toxic chemicals are turned into harmless products such as nitrate. would your later washed off the building by rain and absorbed in the ground? so this really is a living building that's constantly interacting with its environment. yes, exactly. when you have pollutants, they are transformed into harmless products. what kind of pollution are we talking about annoying? nitrogen ox, 9 the software oxide to carbon dioxide. what they come from combustion usually to that cars are in the singer industry. these are the major pollutant that can be destroyed by it. what kind of impact are we talking about? how much pollution has been stuck from the air as we speak?

yes, these usa, 9000 to square meter of these concrete, active concrete, this gun mclean, they're all the equivalent to exhaust gas from one of these car or almost 3 on that for all my guys already cars. so i think is a significant impact. and this is the impact of just one building, one person who would greatly benefit from a city made of the cement is resident laura tournament, laura chow, chow. or, you know, she suffers from severe asthma due to the heavily polluted air here, which is now affecting her mobility to laura, you are a true milanese woman. you've lived here your entire life. c, e. o is so cool. simply really bad. when did you 1st start to notice that the pollution in the city was really affecting your health? my queen vision nissan child, polluted probably mid this bit of 0 made the os mom, the bottom teeth one bubble, a buffet, a jewel on modern glue matter,

please be it'll be one with the trouble with are you starting to hear of more and more cases like yourself see my little sure move, so don't see on that with. it's not just the elderly who are affected. studies have shown a direct correlation between air pollution and asthma and children and across northern italy. air pollution shortens the life of citizens by an average of 14 months. i mean he pulled the bullet. mold golf, wanted on awful. globally many more people now die early from pollution related diseases than from malaria and h i. v combined maxima, boresight is head of the innovation lab at italia, mentee the company, who makes the air cleaning cement. hello,

i'm jewelry. nice me where to it up. thank you so much. do i get to her lab coat? yeah, this is working with me. thank. hello. hello. hi. there we go, both local, we are now in the mafia to fill this piano on the floor, the mafia inside spun up. ok, let's see, it happened. he told you, mentee are constantly experimenting with new ideas and new distances. i slow, but experimentation doesn't always go to plan with. where's the mob? i can help because that's what happens when i no offense or anything, but i think this is a good time to be putting the last good on. oh ok, look nice. there we go. look, look, look, look,

he's coming to this move you're using, what is it made of plastic? yeah. is it plastic because whole material has to be smoothed and the cement is able to read the smoothness with plastics and to replicate. why doesn't need to be so smooth? for 2 reasons, 1st form for the step decreases 2nd one, because smoothest, the phase can reduce the piece of pollutants that to remain attached to the ser fees and they can easily washed out by drain. so if it was porous, they would fine little nooks and crannies to hide in with a smooth surface when it rains, it just easily washes off except you're right. ok, producing cement accounts for 5 percent of the world's carbon dioxide emission. this puts a catalytic cement, may produce the same emissions while being made, but it reduces pollutants within a 3 meter radius by more than 20 percent. it's small gains like this that can really make a difference. and believe that this martina can contribute to solve the problem. so

the pollution for sure is not only this material, but yes, it could contribute. well, we'll see what i want to find out. what proof that team has that this cement actually does clean the atmosphere. this is a plastic oversee, this part of the town is as being quoted that we did the photographic smith. this is represent the sam until when the, the life we thought on the sun to relock period the for the vehicle. and we also, unless the huntington by his me inside his bathroom let's check it out. yeah. you can check that with number of the number of the pollutants if must for this is monitoring the gas. yes. the level without to properly degree extra me $150098.00. now because the, the actual stuff did the little duncan decrease as it's the uv rays that cause the reaction even on a cloudy day, this cement is still reducing pollution. look how much has gone down to percent 40

percent of gone down and 10 minute we are going to get the 50 percent over adoption the pollution. but can see that if that the few colder 15 percent over town with his photo got that, he thinks man, but you can't use that 50 percent over the pollutant of the city. he thought you meant it may have come up with an innovative product, but it is expensive. one paving company to buy it cheaper, more practical application for it. maxima cynita has collaborated with italia, mentee, and devoted an entire factory to this special cement, westborough, bobby mantle. lee and so forth while you wait for the job, it bobby maintenance will pick up a okay,

just a thin layer of the photo catalytic material is added to the surface of each tire. now you with your downward ray, i meant you show me okay. your sounds great. massimo is invited me to visit a health center where his brakes are paving the new car park. fernanda vista, don't or the owner that what he meant to hook up political mcdaniel meteoric, danty taken rhodes yet that came on man. doctor. if you open southwark, was to put a lot going on. so for the name of, but it is either model constructing filter catalytic pavey, he's close to traffic, the prime source of city pollution ensures its effectiveness. and here they are. are all of these photosynthetic crystal group of human thought see it for to political curve? yeah, no i did. is i thought crestmarc clinical question, probably mantle in a pause our to our sexual sharia law,

shall bernard's or not. we're out of the lock. what can we help? she okay. was she there they secondly, possible that impossible. poor vienna in florida toys or ended up on me. that's when a photo catalytic are they like? why was it? hello, this is all. this is exactly like tetris. i'm so glad i invested all empowers as a child playing that video game. got it. these are, you know, the, the sidewalks and the rows that we walk and drive on all through our lives in this could have a massive impact on human health. she tried pretty well more people for cornell shudder. armando, because he's more still taking rural geo the cordova. even walmart, roberta did his apo crystal, the mental anchor and that i'm deanthony your pupil. he thought it would keep on fuzzy encore from florida that i'm the answer that along with milan isn't the only city using this technology from the new air force headquarters at shell to go airport,

to paving in chicago. the application of this cement is on the rise with innovations like this applied widely enough. our urban environments could become a lot healthier. ah, countries around the world, the aiming for queen and future? ah, museums investing heavily renewable energy taking high energy and thermal costa ricans, tanius environmental dreams into reality. running on renewable energy alone for 2 months and 2016. no waste the 1st country to commit to 0 deforestation, and has plans to bomb the sale of all fossil fuel costs within the next decade. well, the tom is the only country to have succeeded in becoming fully cobb and negative our entire country image. just $2400000.00 tons of carbon dioxide a year,

whereas our forest is sequestered 3 times at a month. so we are a huge carbon sink, and therefore i choose to use the would carbon negative we don't have a choice, but to come together as world as one people to addressed d, escalating threats of climate change. it is urgent that we use the technology, the wisdom, the resources are combined resources to tackle this global problem once and for only in error. i. some might not be the largest island in the world, but in the fight to talk carbon emissions this unlikely. environmental champion is punching well above its weight. it's unique volcanic geology doesn't just creek breathtaking scenery,

but is enabled 100 percent of his electricity to be generated by renewable sources . much which is do some iceland is the only country in the world to the t. i'm here at the edge of the arctic circle where scientists are combining geothermal activity with the new technology to try and help ice and become carbon neutral for good for this has killed and const eh, if they're very famous restaurant in these parts, they apparently they cook on geothermal energy and i be told the kid is randa back . wow, it's a maybe everything's going to taste like egg. i dunno is. this is hello. all right, i only hi, how are you? welcome. thank you. thank you all is here. yeah. you're not boiling

water. this is steam that's coming. yeah. yeah. come from the really right. this area i've got whole into here to go straight down into the ground. yeah. we are lucky. the form of the building with the power and the water in the things never taste. and now we take one more step into the actual use of the green power. we learn to make food with it. i mean everything. the cook tastes like eggs, up to the smell of egg stems from the sofa underground released with the steam level while in the nature of good iceland. once oil depended, started to use renewables after being hit by the oil crisis of 19 seventies. full hasn't been back, so we just have to open this year, assembled manya, will open this like this. and now we are given the 170, so says steam coming in here in this pipe and in between here. and now it's boiling

already. oh wow. 10 to 15 seconds to boil. i mean, that's fantastic. c as a business, that is free energy. you'd be loving that. yeah. i mean, do you think about environmental impact to your business afterwards or not in the beginning? yes. so the personal plug in the beginning, but after you think about it, maybe you do it a good thing. maybe you're helping out the, to save the world, little bit and save planet. you know, maybe there's a lesson in that as well, but it doesn't really matter what, what a she knew this amount of, at the end of the day there's an environmental where exactly, that's the environment where all of the things helping not be friends with it. you have to think, so they do some electricity underground is also being used on a larger scale. this volcanic island of by salt lake rockies power and geothermal energy plants all over the country with

a capacity to supply all of the countries domestic electricity, headless, 80 geothermal power plant is iceland largest facility. ok, so we're looking for a burke who a sick person do chemist with icelandic energy is expecting us to go be him. i've is all the way. i better. let me do that and go go go goes all the be great. all right, very so on any other kind of, whether it was nuclear call need some few. well, yeah, that was the equity from the ground, from the ground, by adding geothermal to their already advance hydro capacity. iceland became world

leaders in renewable energy. basic question. how does it work in very short with real a whole into the ground and the 3 down to maybe 2 to 3, kil, on with this and there the theme is over pressure, right? and it comes by its own pressure through the production. let me collect the theme of the surface and there you produce powers. just that just like that, there will be enough heat in the question. for millions of years to come, we are only using high in the fraction of the heat that is being generated in the earth. everything the potential of this he is so big the plans have been discussed for helping to supply the u. k. with geothermal energy from iceland it might be fully renewable. these downside in the process of accessing the steam not so the attorney and gas is like carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are also brought to the surface 8th. absolutely. while there today. i mean,

i've never seen any kind of specialize this before. and of course when you compared it to more conventional kind of coal gas stations, the emissions absolutely minimal. but there are emissions. so we're going to go me another g o scientists here. and he's going to talk to us about a really exciting new aspect to the project called car fix. in big unison as a g o chemistry, car fix, brutal. as you say, this is my good. any pollutants emitted from the plant a captured and sealed underground in the form of rock. and we can tell us what conflicts, what is conflicts, how effects involved culture from support back into the felt we wanted to do our past and trying to solve this problem of the

increased concentration of shield 20 percent. we don't want to get stuck. yeah. wow good, this is great. it really feels like another planet here. this is fantastic gas emissions transported from the main energy plants, the pipes to these geometric ports where they are rejected into the grandma. i think that we're the reason it is it. yeah. so what are we doing and it's wonderful, and this is what we call our re injection. well, basically what comes from a power plant. once we have produced efficiency, hot water and gas, we need to also thought somehow if we would not be capturing it least to us, okay. okay. and contributing to climate change would re injecting the waste

products of water and gas into the ground enables the carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfite to permeate the volcanic or assaulted rock and transported into stone. we have an example of that here. a beautiful example of that water flows through the rock, fixing this you truth in these walks. you have these cavities, and these porsche are filled up with a couple minutes. you're turning air pollution into rock. ready ready ready ready the car fix project replicates the natural process of weathering, instead of taking hundreds of thousands abused to turn into stone car fix a cheetah in just 6 months. show me how successful the project as we 1st have to brave the weather again to take a sampling of gas, it which we condense to liquid. it is a vital part in our fall. jack. demonstrate that the c a fuel is being moved

into life in the ground. i think we should have quoted law grace given very good. we can feel the heat of that and then they apply. now that we think the effect of that off, and we have to have analyzed the cl, tonight's bless. mm. back in the lab, the samples ready for analysis. if to be injected gas, it's of successfully turned into stone, then the sample should only contain the naturally occurring background levels. carbon dioxide an h to s or hydrogen itself, right? okay, here we measure of this year due and the and the it to us, this is a more sample of this deal that we collected and we turn it on. and so you hoping to see it, cuz obviously it is a background level of c o. 2 already. yeah. what we're hoping to see is that the seo tool levels in the steam does not rise above the back on the left. okay?

here is the concentration of c o 2 in the sample. and here is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the south, which is about the same levels of the back on the lamps. ok, the gases have to go to storage blocks. for me, this is the what it cool approach to lowering because the missions this isn't necessarily locked to geothermal energy is it long as you are to be pure stream of sheer to which you can capture the shawl in voltage value. can take that water and be injected the ground as long as you have favorable rock compensation in your area . approximately 5 percent of the countenance is passed off. and then you have the ocean grit, which is all pass off. my feeling is that more people should build up

more company shipping them or industry should feel that the potential is that people will know for the well a dedicated to reducing appellation. the innovations that i passed powered by wind alone. this 7 me to, to touch design tower and china. it sucks in the local smoke filled and compressing the particles of pollution to be recycled as jewelry and american company. because found a way to convert carbon dioxide into plastic pellets, which are then used to build carbon, negative furniture and entrepreneurs and india with device to protect the capture. 95 percent of the home for pollutants emitted from fi he couldn't exhaust pipes. this suit is then, ah, these technologies might be reducing, polices in the atmosphere behind you with financial and political commitment to

producing clean energy atmosphere. other william john ah checking out some storms toward the bottom end of south america. hi there, thanks for joining in. so this was a vigorous system that swung through the river plate region now pushing into the southeast of brazil, and it's dragged in much cooler air. so temperature is down in montevideo, and same goes for a samsung big drop in temperatures here toward the top end of south america. for we've got our usual showers in storms rolling through here around my house with the

high of 33 degrees on sunday. and getting striped with some pretty solid bands of rain, we can trace from san jose right through to panama city on sunday for the southern us states. we had rain induce flooding in mississippi. but now for the pearl river, i think it will reach flood stage. this week so certainly could see some more flooding driving rain across florida, including for southern florida, round miami as well, and could see some big monsoon downpours toward the desert southwest. that's our usual pitcher. los angeles temperatures have come down and temperatures have really been coming down right across the canadian prairie provinces. next in line will be winnepeg. your winds will shift around some thunderstorms as well. you go down to 23 degrees on monday and off to the great lakes in the northeast were seen those temperatures climb once again. another blast if he to go, ah,

ah, al jazeera, ah, with all the. ready deadly clashes between rival armed groups erupt and libya's capital sparky fears of a return to civil war. ah, my mamma, jewel, mrs. elves, you're alive from doha. also coming up. the un is set to launch an emergency appeal for $160000000.00 after flood submerged large parts of pakistan.