as the president of the soviet union are you? so you did must not stop president. there is a settle, awarded the nobel peace prize in 1990 gorbachev remained in the public eye watching democratic progress erode and relations with the west deteriorate. well, right now, the present to rochelle, r i b m are both you in trying with military force to rebuild the soviet union, to reintegrate through forceful means, kind of undo the gorbachev legacy mika, gama. talk, united nations secretary general antonia the terrorist says the world's most, the towering global leader russian president vladimir putin has expressed his deepest condolences, who mitchell with his famous crimson birthmark, with one of the most recognizable figures of 20th century politics. and one of its most influential

ah, this is al jazeera, these are the top stories investigators from the u, a nuclear watchdog, or in the ukranian town of zap alicia, to inspect europe's largest nuclear power plant. the crane and russia have accused each other of shelling a run, the nuclear facility mission mistake a few dates of we are able to establish a permanent presence continuing better fed then it's going to be brought to these 1st segment. so politically is going to take a few days or less, you know, this is part of the ukraine currently occupied by forces is clear, whereas this is a great feeling we are here are or are already legal competence here clearly established by the safeguards agreement.

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killed. king supreme court become hearing presidential candidates, viola are deemed as challenge to the election results. william router was declared that when it was just over 50 percent of the vote, i think it says the outcomes flawed and should be declared now and void headlines. news continues here on our 0 after the stream. by on the 5th of september, britain's conservative party will elect a new leader who become the country's prime minister. a row likely to be defined by an unprecedented cost of living, crisis spiraling inflation and away the strikes across the country. stay without his era, for the latest developments on the you case, new prime minister i i anthony ok. thanks for watching the stream around the world, new outbreaks of the polio virus, the city, back decades of action and efforts to try and eradicate the disease. so in this

show, we're going to do a couple thanks. it will be part history. part, explain as to why the polio virus is making a comeback, and also a q and a thing you to ask are experts, anything you need to know about how yes the comment sexual youtube is lives, i need that for you. we start in 1956 parents live in fear of polio, sudden attack, and the tragic aftermath. thousands upon thousands of children and adults fell prey to the crippler. march of dimes buns were needed everywhere needed desperately by patient needed by an army of scientists to search for a preventive. then in 1954, a vaccine to prevent paralytic polio. developed by doctor john assault, a grantee of the national foundation was tested in the largest field trials and

medical history. so that's how the push to prevent polio started. but how is he going? joining our conversation today, dr. hamlet, west dall to write. so good to have all 3 of you with us don't have it. will you introduce yourself to our global audience and explain your connection to pelias? so i'm, i'm a job city and i'm the director of education at the w. a jo, entrance regional office for the eastern mediterranean region. and this region includes $22.00 countries, including the last 2 countries that remained demik provide for us. i've been doing it education work for nearly petty edge and i'm delighted to be on this panel. rose and was all right you oh yes, you're welcome. hello. was good to have you please read energy south to have you as

and tell them what your connection is to paul. yes. well, i'm a west president network in manitoba and i have a personal connection to polio. i survive the, we work with them prior to the back to being available. and throughout my life, i learned over certain parts of the process. and in the last 40 years, i guess both polio syndrome has taken over and certain money paralysis to where it was. ready there i contracted the virus at the to 30 my while to be here today. we're so really important to get it. yeah, absolutely. right. we're happy to have you and doctor rice get to see you. please introduce yourself to audience. tell them who you are and your connection to please . thank you. i am professor rose from one. i'm

a camera room in which i've been chair of the african regional certification commission for polio. right. and then i'm also one of the 6 members of the globe certification commission. good to have all 3 of you so much expertise as you're new to right now, put your questions in the comment section immediately. i've got time to ask all of our 3, get your questions. all right, so the have a, this is the easiest question you're ever going to get in your life. i'm sure you've answered it many times. what exactly is paul? yeah, so a polio my like this is a disease. where will you like this attacks, the neurons that are responsible for the movement of muscles when your virus infection goes, most people don't have any,

any symptoms. it is about one in $200.00 to $1.00 in a 1000 people who once they get infected, do actually develop but alice's, but once the but alice is said, it is a lifelong but alice of the virus is transmitted to contact. the main route of transmission is what we call fecal photo, a food fecal contamination of hand and other items and sometimes water that can lead to transmission of lightest. occasionally, it can also be transmitted through respiratory secretions, but in most developing countries it's secret transmission. doctor, how may i help you chain doll i wants to ask, why is polio coming from these outbreaks that are now spreading around the world? why is that happening? so i think 1st i wanted to clarify that with you is not coming back in fact,

over the last 30 years. then his tremendous progress globally. dr. lee gave 2 years ago, certified the entire african region. as feel viable you i this it only 2 countries that remain endemic for right? well you're right us and that is august and i've got some so there's been 99.9 percent reduction in your state education program started. so the progress is quite, quite remarkable. and we are actually getting close. what we are seeing is some spread of what we call the vaccine. did i got a vac seen variant polio virus that has caused outbreaks in barks of africa and, and, and in the middle east. when you explain that, that being quite confusing globally as people are showing information and then

misinformation well like, oh, well this kind of talia, this is come from the vaccine. can you explain just very briefly what vaccine derive polio is? so you know, the, what you're seeing on the screen right now of these polio drops that being administered. this is the oral polio vaccine. and this vaccine is made up of live vitus, which is weakened so that we can reduce immunity but not produced. but alice is in children who receive it from this vaccine is most effective when it is used in a way, when you can achieve high levels of vaccination rates and coverage in settings where most of the children are immunized. occasionally, what can happen is that this weekend, bite us, which is also in the initial weeks after vaccination, is expected in the stool of children. this virus gets transmitted to other children

right now in most situations. they paid out and then if you're not vaccinated, other children are successful to it. ok. good. now if most of the children in that community reaction aided, then i still don't. yes, no, because i was problem of exactly that. but if most of the children and actually did this, vitus can start to circulate and mutate to start to behave like the naturally occurring wireless. that's why we call it the vaccine, the interaction that i'd rather you die into getting go ahead. no, i was just going to thank you for having me on the part and i was just like i made has been saying partners in education initiative have really put in a lot also with the in the community countries, communities to get to polio down to a level where like you just said,

we certified the african region free of indigenous wired polio virus virus. 2020. and that was in august 2020. right. and true. we've had now some wild polio viruses circulating in malawi. and then in muslim big i have been, i was why, why, yes, why does that have you know genet this the call because they've been genetically linked to viruses that was circulating in fact and then showing 2019. so this is an important patient in the african region in a law. we must be called well so rose, you know what that so to me, if you don't get rid of all the virus is like for them you don't ready cater. it's not going. you're not safe, wherever you are. if you thinking your complaisant, you know, being complacent, it can pop up a nice way. so that's why it's in one place. you know,

i need, you know, you can still get it anyway. that's what the world, the real i always, we've learned that well we haven't left them, but we know we know what the lesson should be that we should be learning. i mean, the last 2 years, all right? ways on youtube is lots of people are thinking back and remembering people in that family who had polio. for instance, i've got shot, see here, says howdy. my grandmother had polio made many things difficult for her. she was very small, had a hunchback and had limited use of her left. how was she didn't let it slow her down? i feel like she sees grandma probably kind of reflects how you approached your polio disease and how you how was it as a youngster, you were really kind and sent us a couple of pictures that were going to start with usually, oh, baby, 13 months old. and then tell us what your 1st memory of having polio was.

my 1st memory or 3rd one. i was learning to walk with 2 braces that were joined. a grind is i have paralysis below the waist. and as you can see in this picture now my left leg recovered to a certain point and i was able to use it to learn how to water ski. right? and you know how my wife raised 2 gifts. then in my late twenty's, it started through the process, started to return, and now i spend all my electric wheelchair with even with my arms and trying to do anything. well, as a result of polio was my concern. yeah. so i was just wondering, does it hurt? does it hurt? yeah, polio lay, there's no need. but muscle cert,

joy insert and crushing for my life almost daily. if i overdo things, literally cannot function, can and can't move sorry after us. so you are listening to dr. rosen dot, how they talking about polio in 2022 vaccine derived polio. and you want to, i would say, one of the last few people in the develop welsh who happy and he's living with it right now. what do you make of resurfacing as vaccine derive polio what she take? well, my concern is that that particular term will be used to misinform young parents and them avoid the facts. and it's not the vacuum. it's actually giving the polio. it's the new taishan that's occurring as the transfers because

of that, it's contract, polio show no symptoms whatsoever, and they can spread it for several weeks. and this is the virus a chance to mutate. and in fact, i'm back needed people. and that's my concern. polio is a plane right away from any country in the world, and it's been my concern for several years. so, you know, this is absolutely right. you know what we're just saying. and 1st of all, i want to really tank was for the coverage with which he has lived his life. and how he is really concerned about the safety and protection of others. and how use champion a vaccination, particularly vaccination, to protect everybody against against polio. and i think this is what professor rose leak, it just said about right as being exploited from pakistan and going to countries of

southern africa. and this detection of this is in the environmental samples we've seen in london. and then a case in new york and subsequent detection of these vaccine very and divide us is in environmental samples in the, in new york. also, all that tells us is that the, the vidas, as long as it is surviving, it will travel with the bog. and it will, in fact those who are unvaccinated and most of the world has worked very hard to get rid of those children who are now getting polio live in the some of the most difficult and complex settings. we have been in conflict, that is why it's hard to reach them, the country child systems. but it is also surprising that when you see these violence that be at in london and, and, and in new york, that communities that have really access to change. who should be getting their children vaccinated are not doing the right stuff. how may i always find those

community? also, how may i'm just looking here? this is something that was shared on a tweet. there was some misinformation on the tweets. i'm not going to share that, but here then the n h s, the national health service in the u. k. is inviting children one tonight in your power to receive a vaccine against polio. for some children, this will be an additional based dose if they already up to date with their routine vaccinations. and so connected to this very standard immunization information was some doubt about whether the polio vaccine actually work if it's healthy for kids. when do you see that kind of misinformation ways? what is your reaction? how do you deal with it? this is why, because when i want to, i want somebody who is a regular but special person to talk to other regular, but special people don't have any. you can see this is what our and go for it. this is my concern. i mean, because the whole thing is 99 percent effective, you know,

really concerns me that your info but a lot of parents weren't able to get the kids into a clinic in order to get a normal childhood vaccinations and people are misinforming them about the impact of vaccinations, the tv which isn't jermel has no transmission possible from the vaccination that so if you live in the developed. ready world, that's what you're going to get. you're going to get an injection and you're not going to get the oral back to me. it's important that you get out there and get your kids. so up to date, for me requires 3 doses in the early childhood and a booster dose before you say, well, if you took your filter off, you were really candid and you just said what you want to say to the public who is worried right now about maybe not even ising, their kids not getting a polio vaccine know filter,

what would you say boils for light and and so nobody talked about polio. my. ready doctors weren't aware of what was the medical school in the back has been so affect the countries in the western world that were fully vaccinated. you didn't know one of my expertise, the younger survivors, 607080. and i'm just a kid in their group. and i don't want to see it again, i need the moms and they're both there, get your kids vaccinated oil or like that noting, well that that's not. and i'm going to bring in a new voice into our conversation. this is from daniel pasadena, who's a medical doctor associate professor at the university color, colorado school of medicine. the we have a conundrum. we have an issue right now. how do we solve it? this is what daniel told us earlier. to rear its ugly head in the right

circumstances. vaccination rates, we have 2 great types of action or world when activated vaccine that are over 99 percent effective and preventing paralytic polio. and i think the big point here is if you are and vaccinated against polio virus, employee viruses circle in the community, you are at risk for developing parents. so please the number one way to prevent paralytic polio and the spread of it is to get activated. so yes, in them for most of the well, yes, that's absolutely true on you tube. let me give you this question, dr. rhodes. this is an app share. how reliable is the polio vaccine for children? short answer, dr. rice. yeah. so before i get to that, i just like to say to s batch, i say him and i remember the paul, the survivor that we have in africa. i met, you know, the niger, i know the area. so it just being that kind of what he's doing and i really comment

that. so then back since we have, you know, we say we, we use the try, you know, what is one type. so 123. and we use that on till the to call the call the type to but to say i region thing with done with the indigenous while polio virus, you know, the vaccination was mainly now. we switch now moving on to ip more. but now with the outbreak that we have, we see the these when now really using the nobel opi til that has been used a lot in the african and the african continent for these outbreak. well, the, the, the, the, the, the tools and the real was i don't understand what that means. can you talk to me as if i'm a 5 year old about to get an immunization for polio? can you explain that to me very briefly,

but more straightforward. it leaves please. all right, let me get down. yeah. that because this outbreak now see needed p, the tools there were trying work, the wall, the yoke, the mom of valid. but research brought another molecule which is the n o, easy to dr. rose. i failed. i'm failing a immunization school. i'm a program, rose's rosie saying it's slower and i'm not understanding it any better. but dr. rose, thank you. all right, got it all toys. thank you. i'm going to move on because i don't think i'm going to get it for the entirety of this show, but don't to race. thank you so much. i, i want to move on because i want to show something dr. hamid that you have on your twitter feed. and i love this because we've been talking about how easily it is to be immunized against polio. how to stop politic polio from happening. but it

depends where you live. so i love that you shared this polio teams way through water to reach children, the life saving vaccine. incredible level of perseverance, always in sup, inspiring. the reason why this is important, because if we have polio virus anywhere, we really have it potentially everywhere. how are the eradication efforts going if it's been so easy for polio to spread, seemingly? so what have we been doing for the last 60 years when you know, the, as i said, that when you order into national, really organized everybody, including the current global partners in education, w, h o u, and us cdc to international charles b. and, you know, so they organized and mobilized the whole world today to get for you at that time.

$120.00 countries reporting an estimated 350000 issues of balance, polio around the world. that's like a 1000 children getting better lighted every day. we have now come so far that only 2 countries are left and this year, so far, only 16 cases of and the midwife will you let us have a good all with in a, in a radius of about 16 kilometers in a very focal outbreak. in, in pakistan, so both parties sign and i've done some have made very, very strong progress in the last 2 years. and they're very close to stopping available use this as well. obviously the situation is very complex and those are the, as in the bordering areas are focused on time. that is insecurity, that is mistrust of vaccine. that is all kinds of rumors around the vaccine,

constipated kidneys and all of that. but it's very, very important that out of front line workers succeed and you saw some of those. oh my goodness, friends like what is it for that if i never give up, it doesn't matter how hard it is, you're never going to give up trying to deliver that vaccine does. how many we have so many questions. i'm going to ask you to do the impossible take 30 seconds to answer to questions that i want to share with you 30 seconds so we can get them in . candy says i really nervous because i live in an area of new york where the last measles outbreak was prevalent, should can be being stopped. hammett, she should be nervous if she is, she has children who are unvaccinated or if she herself is not back to needed. so. but if she has children who are fully vaccinated, she has her family members are fully vaccinated then the risk of but alice is extremely low,

almost 0 is the polio vaccine booster needed. if you've already had polio before, excuse me. we've already had the vaccine before, you know, if you had the vaccine before, but if it has been more than, you know, severally, since you've had your last a polio vaccine, those. and if you're in an area where would you like to circulation? it is very important to get into the booster those. that's why you saw the message from the inner jeff in u. k. i thank you so much so much to ask about so much. we've lost some of our knowledge about polio because polio has been right created in so many places, but not entirely in the world. i'm going to get the last sentence to was was how you doing today? what fly flight for you. life is good. today. i had a great sleep last night. i took a lot of effects to eat killers, and so i had a fairly restful sleep, which doesn't happen very often because of the amount of different pains i get

muscle in joint. and i would like to say also that are are and also out there that are wondering if you make your boss one get a tighter to go to your doctor. i get advice and somebody who says i polio and he's living with polio symptoms now. thank you. well, thank you dr. ro road. thank you. got the hum it. thank you for your many. many questions we've taken party today, shall i see you next time. take care buddy. ah, indonesia, your investment destination, the world's 10th largest economy, is busy transforming, ready to beat your business, partner with a robust talent pool, politically and economically stable and strong policies. being the power house,

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