the $20000.00 participants hold the fruits at each other, turning the main street read off to a 2 year hiatus because of cov, it's celebrations, went full throttle, which amounts i was flying non stop for around an hour. the festival, the sets were originated from a bus stop among the villages in 1945, we all loved it to be our dad's together. if you all need to hear that, i think this is the best value i spread my whole. yeah. if you had popped up to you, i saw this one. this is one hello me cleans we actually climbed up to get the time is 1011 element experience. everybody's recommended to gum. yo once in their life. i didn't expect to make them up, but it was so much fun and totally worth the. remember, you can get much more than one of our other stories on our website out sierra don't come. ah.

the top stories here on al jazeera, united nations, inspectors of arrived in the southern ukrainian city of zapper regia, which is time to europe's largest nuclear power plant, will be checking the safety of the plant once they're able to gain access, which is expected to be thursday. the facility is under russian control, but run by ukrainian staff both moscow and keith have accused each other of shelling around the plant raising fee is of a possible nuclear disaster. but the mission was take a few days and we are able to establish permanent presence addresses better, said, and then it's going to be brought up like that. these 1st segment would be, is going to take it today unless you know this is botto, you great. currently occupied by forces properties clear for us, and this is a new cream facility and we are here are

a 40 eagle competence. this year is clearly established by the safeguards agreement that we have with you the ukraine. first battles have been reported as ukrainian troops continue their pushed to retake the southern hassan region, which russia seized at the start of the war. smoke from shelling was seen him, nikolai of which is slightly north of castle. ukraine announced on monday that his ground forces had gone on the offensive in the south boasted by donated western weapons. i costanza. army is on high alert for more floods in the south of the country. the in this river has been swelling for weeks, threatening another wave of flooding rescue as have spread out to some of the worst affected places where millions of waiting for help. with 1100 people have died and the flooding which has left a 3rd of the country under water. and in sudan, a protest, a has been killed after being hit by a t gas canister, a run over by

a security force vehicle in the capital cartoon. demonstrators were marching against last year's military coup and demanding full civilian rule. okay, those are the headlines here on al jazeera coming up the stream looks at chili's, proposed new constitution. make sure you stay around for that ah ah, i am for the okay, what happens when a 154 elected people attempt to rewrite

a constitution for an entire nation? when everybody like hit? well, we are about to find out on sunday as to late citizens go to the pose to vote on a draft constitution. so today on our shows, we had towards referendum day. what? cuz this draft constitution do. for tonight you can be part of the conversational g g. the comment section is light now live. so you can join us and be part of today chef. she was undertaken this radical experiment in peaceful democratic renovation of getting into constitution to respond to me. the crises that simply don't appear in our institutional frameworks, crises like inequality between men and women, rich and poor, urban and rural, questioning, security guaranteeing access to health housing to a decent standard live. and finally to price is quite a catch crisis. constantly ignored by lawmakers,

but the constitutional frameworks to which they pay homage on a daily basis that and bud all the possibilities of what could happen into lay with a new constitution. johnny asked to talk about the realities. valentina kim ana and also patricia good to have you. welcome back to summer. welcome to come on a nice to have you, valentina. please say hello to our audience around the well to welcome back to the stream. tell them who you are and your connection to this draft constitution process in july. thank you very much for the invitation. my name is valentina my booth and i am the editor of context of a blood digital media that covered in ground the constitutional process get to have them on. come on a welcome. nice to have you. please introduce yourself to audience around the world . hi, my name is kim. i know if you would like to show i'm a senior advisor working for an international ideas constitution building program

out of the hey netherlands. i've been in bulk intuitive for the past years, and of course following very closely this poses on some, some travel to taylor in the past months. so really excited to begin. thank you. so get to have you, patricia, welcome back to the stream. the last for you, a march, the 2nd sound. interesting to see how you're doing, but remind audience who you are, what you do, and your connection to this draw constitutional price. sure, i'm myisha navea. i'm a professor of liberal studies at new york university. i also teach political science at when you get your vehicle, ellison, sheila and i from expert on gillian politics. so i followed the constitution process and everything that came before very closely to patricia, there was something that you said on the show back in march. that duck with me, it was such a vivid metaphor. i'm going to play it back to you and you can tell me where we are with the draft constitution. if that metaphor still stands here is patricio on

march, 2nd, on the spring conditions would ideally be minimal. ambition. will probably be one of the longest constitutions in the world, because they are putting lots of things into the constitution that can never a good idea. in building constitutions. left is better than having way too many things, and the constitution will end up looking like a christmas trees, like a christmas tree. we press and for everyone. how's the christmas tree looking? well, lots of presence and not really a mechanism to pay for those present. so this is one of the longest constitutions in the world. he has a number of frustrated, right? this is very common in latin american constitution. the social rights are put into a constitution, but then they are not delivered. they are not enforced. so people get disappointed . and discontent with democracy because they were promised something. this is like getting a presence in your christmas tree,

but the present is really empty. oh my goodness, i'm valentina, i'm just thinking you've been following this entire process. you'll go assignment ends on sunday. what stand out for you from reporting this for july, for chilion, so they understand the entire process. what jumped out to you, what memory would you like to share? well, i think that it was truly an experiment, as they said earlier before. and this experiment, i think people were very interested and seeing what was going to happen and what, but lisa was saying, i think it's also kind of a christmas tree. and he also said and marked less is better, which i agree. and i think that most lawyers agree, but i'm interesting that i have seen in the past month is that part of the campaign has focused in saying that there are many things that aren't and the proposal. and maybe lawyers are going to agree that it isn't necessary that they are in the proposal, but still there are a, making

a little bit of brightness on people saying that because things aren't there. it means that we're not going to have them for their more or the law is not going to include it. so i think that's a very, very interesting thing that has happened and at least the few months of the campaign. come on a, you've got so much experience when it comes to constitutions and a new ones, rewriting them. so this one is 54000 words long. it feels like it's a giant constitution. it's huge. if people are voting on it, i really gotta read it by sunday. well that's, that's a really good question. i think that it will be hard for most people to read the constitution, but of course there have been civic education campaigns campaigns to inform the public of the contents of constitution. i think the constitution is actually quite interesting and has a number of innovations, both in the framework of constitution based on competition history. and

those innovations will probably bring it doesn't draft is approved. of course, we'll bring in some, some changes in society. so i think it's interesting, but it's also the framework of global chinese constitution making, which are quite interesting to follow. all right, now give me one inovation where you, where you were looking at because you've been involved with this rewriting the constitution, creating a new constitution for july. so an innovation that really you look at and you go, wow, what would that be? well, i would say that parity, not only in the legislature in congress, but also another state institutional credit, important innovation was those so demanded by half of the population? right. so i would say that that's a, that's one, but there are so many others as well. so says the agenda power to it in public

office, the has to be equal jobs, the men and the women. immediately as soon as this constitution is, if, if it is adopted, that will happen immediately. that exists drawer nary because for many other places in the world, it takes you, it will take us 50 years to get to this space or 100 years to get to this space. i want to introduce you to alondra carino who was part of the drafting committee, and this is what she says about gender poverty in the history of mankind. this is the 1st constitution written by a joint body that has a result in the lives of women girls and brings diversity sexual and gender dissidence are at the center of our constitutional proposal, which could lead to the eradication of centuries old injustice. valentina was that something that is resonating with the public in july of excited about that part of the draft constitution. i would definitely say it is at the last few years there has been a very strong feminist move. and that has asked for more rights for women,

for children, for a girl or sexual dissidence. so i think it's a very important thing and for an entry rep for friends. and they also ask for gender parity. as we saw, the 50, a $154.00 constitutional were half women, have men though it and they're saying assembly member said that it was going to be difficult to turn it to have a result that wasn't similar to the way that this contribution with written so the parity concept was really, really present among all the discussion and now we can be really much realized. and people of course, women are very happy with this idea. just just came back to sort of political roots . what is the purpose of a new constitution? virtually? it feels like everybody's hopes and dreams are in this $54000.00 word document that goes on the page off the page of the page. is that the ideal for a constitution?

what should she be asking for? out constitutional should be there who was of the game. they are not police. he documents, we are not documents about where we won the country to go. but rather what the rules are for how the political process will play out in the country. and i think many people and she looked confused in other places as well, continues the component of the rules of the game, which are not very clear in the constitution and the policy objectives, which should be part of the political process, not part of the constitution after all every 4 years we have elections so that people choose whether they want to go right or left backwards or 4 or 4 worth in in the political process. so considerations do these carson, i'm going to take issue with the earlier statement made by the political economist, constitutional, discuss inequality all the time. the us constitution, for example, has an amendment that establishes what amendment an article that establishes that

a black person slave would come for 2 or 3 fifths of a person. so continuous, i have always been about the rules of the game. this constitution is a lot about poorly see objects the same. think that confuses a little bit. what considerations should be about this come draft constitution doesn't say how many legislators there will be in congress. but he does say that she let you prioritize pouring relations with latin american countries. those are policy issues, not consideration, and the same issues. i think another you got a concentration to give guidelines and principal just to how policy should be forms, right? and i do believe in the lecture when i wait a 2nd, the list of 13 the comic right this long of course. but it leaves a lot to actually implementation to, to the congress, to legislate. so it gives

a lot of, i mean it gives the patient, but at the same time it's quite a lot of space for congress to actually make policy. and it doesn't, it doesn't, it doesn't really determine the way that the policy is going to be. i think that another problem that is also confusing the citizens is that this government, that is the vice president of the body has made the idea that the success of the own government depends on the success of the referendum in case that operate will win. and that also generates a problem because people tend to think that giving us some sub to the project is also giving us some up to the president and his government. and this is, i think, the wrong idea because, but the who said this is about the wall of the game and not the rules of the government. the constitution is supposed to be think for 34 years ahead and not only 4 or 4 year term for the presidential term. so i think that in this moment,

in the congress and in the government that have been a rough idea about how the country should read this contribution, and it isn't necessarily attached to the government. it's more attached to the state after general idea. i am wondering what the atmosphere is like in july right now, pose, and not necessarily the best barometer for how people are feeling, but it gives us a little bit of an idea. i will look on my laptop. so the green bar means that the population approves a certain part of the population of proofs of the draft constitution. the pink reject the gray. don't know. so august the 19th. the yes, let's go for this new constitution. 37 percent august the 7th. fully 3 percent yet let's go for this new constitution and august. the 19th. 33 percent. yes that's go says new constitution. all of that time the reject percent of the people

polled said no, we don't fill this. what does that sound like though, on the ground that's happened? listen to a lady who is very keen for this draft constitution process and somebody who with it take a look people. yeah, i see this process has involved all of us equally. we have seen all of our rights made visible rights that we have fought for through the feminist movements, the women's movement. it is a historical struggle that we have been carrying out and she lay for many years. and today, all generations are united to say that we approve it until they will hit it. there is a little book called the constitution, that is the origin of all of our problems. and they say that's another little book called the new constitution is going to be the solution to all our problems. i don't think the solution is just to write something down what we really need a good public policy when i'm not that critical analyst this. but patricia,

what are your family or your friends feeling at the moment? i don't think they're really representative because they all live in the united states and right now in prag. so i haven't been to t live for, for a couple of weeks, but i'm not really predicting very well who we vote. since we don't have a likely voter, we don't really know how many new people will show up. this is technically a mandatory voting seats. when everyone go to show up, how do you not know if it's mandatory, every voting i don't have to show up? do they know patricia? well, there are lots of things that are mandatory and people don't do so simply by saying that it's mandatory. you're not going to get many people to show up. boating is like smoking. if you didn't do it by the time you were 40, you're probably not going to do it. and there are many older she lands who never voted. younger people might turn out to vote,

but the older population that never voted, we probably not bother to show up and vote on sunday. so if we don't know who's a likely voter, it's very difficult to predict what the result will be. come on, i go ahead. i think i think about you guys has come on a 2nd. okay. i think that's something that we have to consider is that are in the n 3 brook runs them. there still was a very, very big percentage of people who wanted a new constitution around 80 percent of the people now. and despite what happens, i think that the percent are going to be much closer around 55 percent. again, 45 percent. i don't know what the top is going to win though, but i think that the percenters are going to be much, much closer. because in this whole year of the work of the constitutional convention, we saw that people weren't in this is fairly happy. what the outcome of what they did, and it's the cyclical with some of their behaviors among the monks that they worked

. there was some conflicts, there were some polemical, fake, polemic things. so i think that despite may be upper level, when that doesn't mean that the general the pub population, like a big number of them are going to be very happy with that result. we've got some really interesting comments here on youtube. so let me start with making that stop with see if this constitution is a victory for democracy on the falls. the way the debate is dominated by the spread of force information makes me doubt if the process is sufficiently independent. earlier we spoke to jennifer who made a very similar point. this is what she told us. us, you shall process was sparked by demands for more just and equitable society. and so the outcome is sundays referendum signals, whether countries can use constitution making to improve satisfaction with democracy. and the new constitution defeat would signal the triumph of anti democratic forces. that's because the opponents to the new constitution are not

just expressing policy disagreement. they are relying on fake news and fear mongering to undermine the new constitution's legitimacy. for example, they demonize marginalized social groups like indigenous peoples, circulating falsehoods on social media like the new constitution will allow indigenous peoples to steal your house. these tactics are straight out of the trump and boston are playbook and their global diffusion is extremely concerning. valentina, can you tell us all about the misinformation, some of the most outrageous rumors that you've heard you've read, you've seen? well, for example, ok. now that be a cruel women rights, and one of those rights of reproductive rights is that people can do abortions. some people have said that they're going to allow abortions until 9 months pregnancy that it's basically when the child support. so there are many, many things like they're going to take or where you houses, or, for example, that there's isn't going to be any more police that people are very afraid of. and

this is very, very effective because we know that when people get afraid, are angry about something that is a very, very like ab route that touches you very deep inside. so you get really convinced about that. and you don't wonder if the information that you're receiving is correct or isn't correct. you just get by a lot of emotions and just ask jennifer said it, that's a very strong strategy of fake news and this information. and i, we have seen a very, very strongly this past month. our audience is from, but let me, let me think. yep. issue with any 1st. i mean, jamie, for in life that boating reject is kind of anti democratic. that's also fake news. i mean, jennifer is embarking on the same kind of fake news that she accuses the others to do that are to legitimate options on sunday. you can both approve or vote to reject for this consideration, but he doesn't mean that you're anti democratic if you both are one or the other. this is really something. let me get, come on in here,

valentino then you can come off to come on, come on, you go ahead, go ahead. i do think that there are some legitimate concerns as to the constitution may be less as to what the constitution says, but more what the constitution doesn't and how the constitution will actually be implemented. but another very interesting thing is that even those, that even the rejection contains those that are for rejection, they are still in a great percentage once a new constitution to be adopted even if it's not this one. right? and that is, that is really interesting because going back to the $980.00 constitution does not seem, at least in the long term to be a real option. come on, i just wanted to piggy bank off that because bright is on youtube right now. and his question to you panel, what was it about the o constitution that didn't work for the people of chile patricio?

well, it depends on what your viewpoint this, but they all constitution lacked. a legitimate origin was written out of their, the military theaters in the produce this phase for democracy to grow and consolidate since democracy was restored in 1990 had a number of authoritarian enclaves, but the country did reduce poverty and inequality. 990 probably not fast enough or not as far as menu 5 wanted to. but democracy did flourish under the constitution that the origin of that constitution was clearly illegitimate because he worked in bones by a military dictatorship got in phoenix, had to have the most ad. yes, i think that there's something that people still question that is that when the protest started in october of 2019 people were, they wanted more it all right. that's something that everyone knows. and the some

the political solution to that was the new constitution. but people in the street weren't asking for a new constitution, so i don't know if that be answer it. bad watcher said if i can be answered, because now when the political parties offered, when this new constitution was the president said, we have to have a new constitution. everybody was on board, but it wasn't the things that the people in the street asked for. so maybe the people have this idea that a new constitution is going to give them many more rights and is going to reduce the inequality. but we're not 100 percent. sure that, that is going to happen. it depends. it depends on the public policy that of course, how about very, very big base with the constitution. but it isn't just enough. but i think that people have to be really conscious that glad. because the high dictation this new constitution has maybe aren't, aren't going to be enough for what people lot want to briefly go ahead. when the constitution has just written tax, it needs to be implemented, right?

so public policies are the center of how this constitution will be implemented and whether it will be it will respond to the needs and demands of the population and those that the boys november 2019. so i do think that it will be seen. i mean, a lot of things of the constitution tax presentation will be seen once it starts being implemented. and another interesting thing is that it is the kernel congress that would just selected in november, december last year that will be in charge of implementing it for the next 3 years in case that it is approved. that's an interesting point. so even though it's amanda free referendum, patrice pointed out that not everybody does what they're supposed to do. so we do not know what will happen on sunday, but i want to include 2 important voices. one voice is a yes, this is important. draw competition. the other voices, i am voting know so you can hear for people who are actually going to vote what

decisions are going to make, having this and how to look in it that went into her not to let me know the current constitution. there is not a paragraph, an article, a line, a word that mentions the native people in the new proposal that will be voted on september 4th and for which we call for approval. there are 55 articles dedicated to indigenous people. yeah. more habit aware that i canceled my vote now because i feel that although it is true that generating a new constitution is super important. the idea of creating it was born at a time of great crisis in our country. therefore, it was not a decision that was made on the basis of objectivity, mainly because chile was going through a very difficult time going. but all the questions that come on this is dipping into her expertise. the referendum question on sunday will be, do you approve the text of the new constitution proposed by the constitutional convention? is that a good question to ask you like?

well, that makes a very good. i suppose it is. i suppose it is clear, and i mean the work of the country mentioned as being in the media for the past year. so for everybody is looking forward to going in voting and no surprise from the page and seeing what the future holds for them. thank you. come on a patricio valentino as we lead up to the referendum fertilize, drop constitution. keep watching out a 0 to find out what the result will be and watch it take care. i see you next time . ah ah. and

in the year 1271, a young battalion much to set out on an extraordinary journey. carrying letters from the pope for the great kubler car. mockup alo, traveled through water legions following dangerous roads from the holy land and beyond. to day chasing the shadow. professors showers travelled from china to venice with surging questions about the relationship between east and west as j. o marco po, now on al jazeera, we understand the difference is almost a matter of cultures. the cost, the well, no matter what lucy winter been used and kind of for that matter to years ah

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