and tease, and while getting the back into the wild is the ultimate goal. conservation is say, it's not enough in every one that we say if and time that we save that hundreds and thousands of being poached in that times. we're not talking a matter of 10 years, so be extinct. we're talking a year. they are shy and secretive. they don't hurt anybody. but yet we're destroying them. the clinic receives nor government funding for the undercover agent also works the frame. it's for each and every person, every citizen, every person to actually protect the wild life because we are protecting that, not for ourselves, but for future generations. as for bumper, he's been released back into the wild. one of the few success stories in this campaign to save the penguin, emily anglin, al jazeera and nain south africa. ah . time to take a look at the headlines now. japan is holding

a state funeral for a former prime minister sions of ave. some people are taking the day to tribute to albert, who was assassinated in july. others are protesting on the streets of tokyo, angry of the call of hosting the event, and the lead is controversial. legacy mcbride is in toko, with mall and the funeral. i mean, i mean there are said to be well over 4000 people attending this state funeral, but it is highly controversial. in fact, the public broadcast h k here has just produced an opinion poll sewing apparently 57 percent of people are against staging. this state funeral only 32 percent are in favor that have been some protests, a prior to today's events. there are protests taking place as we speak. there will be another protest later on today, tuesday, outside the japanese parliament. just about the cost of this nasa has achieved

something. humanity is never done before the space agency deliberately crush the spacecraft into an asteroids, millions of kilometers away. so whether we could stop objects from hitting us by slightly changing their trajectory, scientists around the world are ready to get studied. what did we do to do more focused? but more importantly, what does that mean for potentially applying this in the future? i mean, dart really is just the start. it's just the 1st planetary defense test mission. it was spectacular. and it's accomplished and we'll figure out how effective it was. that's really what we're going to learn in the next weeks to come. all right, we hit this asteroid now. how effective was that at deflecting it? and what would that mean for using it? strong winds and heavy rain from hurricane in have started to hit. the southern tip of cuba. officials have evacuated thousands of people working to protect home. tens of thousands of people have rallied in mexico city to mark the a kind of a 3 of the disappearance of 43 students. group has kidnapped in 2014. best

to get to say the students were handed over to a drug cartel by corrupt police. the border between columbia and venezuela has officially reopened after being shot for 7 years. the 2 sides caught diplomatic ties in 2019. now anti semitism is of evil under a labor government. it will not be tolerated in any form. what so ever beneath the surface lies the dark. aside in bush politics, the labour files hot 3 on al jazeera ah, [000:00:00;00] with

hello, i'm adrian finnegan. this is counting the cost on al jazeera, your weekly look at the world of mr. said economics. this week, an economic meltdown of the fries on cash withdrawals, desperate lebanese depositors holding up the own banks to get access to their life savings. so what's the way out of the financial crisis? also this week, china is owed almost 40 percent of poor countries debt payments this year, and is on the pressure to help strained economies overhaul that credit buttons. so what can beijing do? plus straus threatening zimbabwe crops of raising fears over food insecurity. and bobby, and farmers going back to old falling techniques to cope with extreme weather conditions . ah, the world bank says that lebanon's economic crisis may be one of the free worst in modern times that it's left 1810 people,

paw many lebanese people can't afford basic necessities. of those who have life savings in banks can't access them. withdrawals have been limited since the financial meltdown began in 2019, now desperate deposited a robbing banks across the cash strapped country to get hold of their own money. so, how did lebanon get to this point? well, successive lebanese governments, which are accused of corrupt and mismanagement, wrecked up huge debts in 2019, it became clear that the state had no capacity to finance its debts, including the countries, commercial banks. lebanon's financial system is estimated to have lost more than $70000000000.00. and bank say they don't have enough dollars to pay. deposit is they've imposed informal capital controls and of offered savers with us dollar accounts, lebanese lira to withdraw their money instead. but the local currency has lost around 95 percent of its value since the crisis started. and the countries g. d p

plunged more than 20000000000 dollars last year. the government cobb afford basic services with long hours of electricity blackouts and medicine shortages. where we've met one deposit to, to try to retrieve his cash by force. here's what he had to say. and i say the spanish i fan, my name is the some shake. hussein and i have $210000.00 in my account. it's my money that i own from work and from selling my apartment and my parents house for what they must. and my dad has a serious medical condition and i needed money. i went to the bank manager and he promised to help me once the bank got cash, but to me and a half month passed and he still didn't get any money on that. i'll be in the lo few, my phone. i went to the bank and asked if it was available and the manager said no, i went to my car to get the gun and fuel. i entered the bank and locked the door

and demanded all of my deposits. i poured fuel every time you found that out there. i told the employees not to get involved and no one would get hurt. hello, bill methodical. 3 negotiators representing the government arrived and called in thought, initially they wanted to give me $10000.00 in dallas. later, they offered 16000 again. i refuse of let this route. and again, it was around 5 or 6 pm when they offered me, suzy $1000.00. they even gave me $55000.00 in cash, which i got, and they promised me $400.00 a day and said i would not be detained. so long. i agreed, even though i knew they were like, i surrendered, but they detained me for 5 days because the bank filed charges against me. and i never received a $400.00 payment to have. my life has been destroyed since the local currency

devalued. and i lost my job. then i won't rest until i get my money back. was the hyatt on it is a life or death choice? the interior minister should erase those who took our money, not us. i will exercise my rights any way i can, even if it involves blood. i will never give up a while to discuss all of this rejoined now from bay route by sunday i tele, sunday is the founding director of the pay route based independent think tank. the policy initiative, good to have you with us. sammy, the banking association, the in lebanon, says that banks are going to remain shots indefinitely following this series of holdups, i'm, it does closing banks make the situation better. a was and i had a situation, but let me just stop and to, well, hold off. these are not whole loves or bank robberies as a banking ass fusion is saying, in fact, iraq, or is when you actually have someone or an act or someone is going into

a bank to see other people's money. what we're actually seeing in lebanon right now is that people are going into the bank to take their own money, but by force, and there's a huge difference, but that because a lot of people, $11.00, she liked that the bank 2nd, as actually robbed them all their own money and since 2019, as you know, we have not been able to access all our deposits. only the rich and the powerful have managed to transfer more than $15000000.00 off of the country, whereby individuals like ourselves are left to deal with the consequences of the collapse. the world bank accused liberties, politicians of staging a ponzi scheme that is quote corps to unprecedented social and economic pain over the last 3 decades. what do you make of that accusation? yes, i mean, absolutely. and you got to political establishment that has missed managed economy

for many years. and here we're talking about the end of the civil war where they ran major structural deficit in the economy. and particularly, i'm talking about the public deficit, public budget deficit and the trade deficit. which means they've allow the policy whereby they're spending way more money than actually collecting for the trustworthy and actually importing way more good than the export thing. which led to a policy where you have to keep on attracting capital into lebanon, to finance these 2 deficits. and there were many warnings about this policy to stop it to rectify the government and consecutive lebanese governments where they ought to be blamed all the political parties. our did not do anything about it, but they actually kept these policies in dock. and the central bank came to facilitate the financing of such a scheme whereby the act that people to put their money in lebanon when interest rates are higher than other places in the world. and in fact, the banking sector got so really into this where they actually invested 70 percent

of their portfolio into the state central bank and the government. and hence mismanaged our own money. and led to this major fun to scheme which ended up, you know, with a talk to the financial and social kind of apps if you're talking about. so there's a lot of people to be named here, the political establishment, the government, the parliament has also failed to do anything. i want to in fact, to facilitate this by hijacking economic reforms as well. the central bank was the architect of this policy and the banking sector, and you know, they benefit that the most of this, you know, and they made a lot of profits before the crisis at our expense. all right, so here's the $1000000.00 question. how does lebanon get out of this financial mess? so the prescription to get out of that message is very clear. now are there or not is clear the set of policies that need to be in place. ok are clear and many people have been talking about them and they're very straightforward. you need to have a couple of control to stop in the money leaving the country. you need to knock the

structuring law. you need to go on to the central bank. and so forth, the prescriptions of what to do a search forward. but here's the issue. the government has refused to conduct any of these, implement any of these reforms. and the last 2 years, this is unheard of whites, a country is witnessing a social and economic collapse for the last 2 years. and the state, the government department hasn't done anything to protect the people. so they don't want to do these forms. in fact, the fact that the banks, you know, and to protect their own interests and then a few things to do any of these. there have been 6 or 7 draft of the company for law and parliament. and yet we haven't been able to implement any of these. so this is a situation where i to political any wants to protect this interest as refusing to, in fact, conduct any of this reforms despite even i am as sisters that this are going to be

conditions for, i need future law and, and you know, just that it was in fact a and i am at that edition here. if this sounds like the new government for not doing this job, but somebody there, but this, this situation can't go on indefinitely. how do you see it coming to an end? the problem is we have only 6 to 9 months money to buy in ports, you know, from this or central bank reserves. so clearly the time is ticking. there's no more time to pick the kind of way and that have a nice policies. the policy should have been doing bad for the last 20 years. their time is up and the solution needs to be implemented. now the question is whether they have the way to actually undertake the forms which they have fit to do for the last 20 years. or they will actually pretend they're doing that a forms. and i knew them in such a way that they actually black men and donors community to actually give money to

lebanon. so people don't go hungry at all. so the situation again, the technical situation, technical solution to the problem inspector, the prescription order, ready? clear. but they refuse to hold them because it's highly electric and or these political lead and their own financial, any kind of interested. so they gonna have to choose either begin to bring the whole country done, which already done sole and even more so, or they take this possibility and put on tracks. they have fit to do that. and i'm expecting the kids are going to get worse and lebanon, you know, until and we're going to go into very uncertain periods. so me, thanks for explaining all that for us really appreciate it. many thanks. and 8 ah, almost 70 percent of the world's poorest countries will have to repay at least $52000000000.00 in debt this year. a more than a quarter of that money will go to china. much of

a loans are linked to infrastructure projects as part of the chinese president, she's in pings belt and rhode initiative. now, many of beijing's borrowers are not able to beat their financial obligations. the international monetary funds says that china and other big creditors have a responsibility to prevent debt problems exploding the i m. f. estimates the 25 percent of emerging market and 60 percent of low income countries were in or near debt distress. china says that it will forgive $23.00 interest free loans to 17 african nations and redirect $10000000000.00 worth of it's. i'm f reserves to africa. will. china is one of the was largest single creditor nations. and researchers have found that around 60 percent of beijing's overseas lending is now to low income countries, which are in debt distress or at high risk of it. it's loans to low and middle income countries are estimated to have tripled over the past decade,

reaching more than $170000000000.00 by the end of 2028th date up the u. s. based research lab says the pakistan, so lanka and argentina, a 3 of the largest recipients of chinese rescue lending. most nations share information about their lending activities through membership of what's known as the paris club. but china isn't part of that group and doesn't publish records of it's foreign loans with johnny us, not from hong kong, is carlos casanova, a senior economist at union banker pre they will you be pete? call us good heavy with us on counting the cost of what she'll take then on this issue of chinese law loans. as, as creditors, what sort of people are they to borrow from? thanks for having on the show. so china has in fact become much larger creditor in the past decade or since the launch of it's built on road initiative in 2013. of course, china as

a financial assistant differ slightly to that offered by other lenders such as the i m, f for other members of the always be let paris club in that it doesn't come with added conditionality. by conditionality we mean, you know, political reforms sterility and other conditions that are not always very popular amongst some emerging countries. so china is able to navigate the political risks because it doesn't have to abide by the norms for ending. so it's bundles, it financial assistance with other commercial aspects, for example, involving some of the state on and the prices agreeing to repayments in commodities as well as us told us. and so in that way, it is able to perhaps tap areas of the emerging world that are not well serviced by existing lenders. the i m f and other developed countries. but does the fact that

the china does things differently, pose a risk both to lend and borrower? well, there is a reason why the largest lenders such as the i, m f and a to be, are not able to do some of the things that time is able to do. typically we are looking at countries where the solar and risk is higher and the projects where the returns or the visibility in terms of future returns are not as clear as in other parts of the world. i think the main thing that entices countries to take on these sorts of credits from china is the chinese economic miracle. everybody wants to have a similar narrative in their, in their country. china has been very successful, eradicating poverty over the past decade. so everybody once a slice of the pie tooth. but of course, when projects turns sour, or when the cost of servicing the debt and maintaining the infrastructure becomes prohibitive,

then you have countries that stumble into stress and that service and cannot service their short term debt and have to incur sovereignty false. but if you can't afford to pay back bad, that to china, what risk as opposed to the chinese economy? so as i mentioned, china is able to partially offset some of this risk by allowing the repayment to take shape in the form of commodities. historically, this has been very advantageous for china in places such as swale or with oil and copper exports. it is not perhaps a strong driver in places that just rely on we can talk about that as well where, you know, the main commodity that we would be looking at is exports of t. so there, you know, they have more, more risk and we are seeing that risk and out into a more complex discussion around the countries that restructuring efforts with the i m f. and also the role that china is saying in the, in that conversation is china becoming

a competitor to the m. s. a of the world bank, or are they work in tandem in partnership? i think they work in tandem. china is becoming a big creditor. so in a sense, emerging markets, especially those that have not been able to act the financing from the i, m f or emerging countries that have been frustrated with a lack of progress in the m. s. in terms of representation of emerging markets within the fund. they are increasingly, or they have been increasingly turning to china as an alternative, so in, in a sense it is competing. but of course, the nature of chinese aid is very different to that of the m f. the magnitude of both them project, both enrolled in infrastructure investment to date is of course smaller compared to what the m f has done given is longer track record. so for me and for emerging markets in this more complex environments, i think it's important that both are working in time them to,

to minimize risk with some nations now struggling to, to pay back the debt to china. what does that mean for the belt and road initiative and, and could china spec scale back? it's lending to countries. in fact, we have already seen this since 2019. we have seen infrastructure spending and under the belt and road actually decrease significantly. part of the reason was that many countries in the emergent world experienced the decline in g d, p, and revenues following from the pandemic going forward, the, the stress is slightly different because we're looking at a very hawkish fed pricing rates, the liquid and inflation also within china, some of the risks have started to pile, so we see difficult conversations in places such as st. i'm kind of course, with a domestic economy also entering a phase of a slower activity. the appetite or the domestic sentiment towards offering some of

these riskier loans to emerging markets is lower than it has been before. so our expectation is that we will continue to see a deceleration in both n road projects over the coming years. and hopefully, once all of the uncertainty surrounding, you know, rising risks of recession in the us and everything that's happening with the threat is over, we might see a pick up in inactivity. once again, call us it's been really good to talk to you on counting the cost effective date of being with us. now sustainable finance, it's largely defined as investment decisions based not only on financial returns as investors traditionally expect, but also with an eye on environmental, social and governance. saw e s g factors put simply investing money and projects that can make the world a better place. renewable energy, for example, global, sustainable investing assets. regional was $35.00 trillion dollars in 2020. but what is e s g?

exactly. we put that question to zoe night. the group head of hsbc, center of sustainable finance. at head of climate change may not. as she still abstract, right, i mean is, it's a bit of a mystery to most people. what the social aspect means, what governance means and what environment means. but if you drill it down, the whole a gender is about people. it's about access to employment and jobs a how a people's jobs going to be impacted by this climate gender. it's about sort of the access to money for change. how he doesn't change that, how, how we deliver a stronger, more prosperous economy that works for everybody. we know that the science is telling us to get to a net 0 emissions framework by 2050. and we know that finance must provide capital to the solutions and must think about the consequences of wilma

temperatures and how that might affect our clients and affect their ability to operate in their business. models is g factors in our front and center for governments and businesses here in the gulf where the potential of unlocking 2 trillion dollars in economic growth bullet, 1000000 jobs by 2030. so in i says, the region is looking at investments in carbon capture and hydrogen to make the energy transition. this region is abundant in energy and it's providing energy services to the entire world. equally, it will be host to the climate talks in november this year and november next year that gives the region and opportunity to create its own narrative, honor energy, future, and energy vision. how the climate transition plan will play out across this the gulf. the task of egypt in cop $27.00 is to show the implementation that

is going on on the ground to really showcase projects on di carbonell, zation that are work in progress. now. they're in train, whether it's green hydrogen, whether it's carbon capture and storage. how that is shifting the way the energy flows worked to day. last year's climate, some absorb banks, insurers and investors with $130.00 trillion dollars and assets pledging to help with the world of fossil fuels. we've set a target on financing of up to a trillion over the next 8 years to support the sustainable finance transition agenda. thus, mission critical. what we're also doing is working with external coalitions to build the framework for what transition looks like across different sectors and industries. and we're doing that in conjunction with an initiative that came out of the glasgow climate talks the glasgow financial alliance for net 0 defense. so what we find is by collaborating across both other banks and with our clients and with

industries and governments and regulators, we can discuss the challenges and discuss the barriers for change and figure out how finance can really unblock them and commercialize activities that perhaps haven't been commercialized and pause. now said bob, where is facing growing food shortages and farmers are resorting to old farming techniques to cope with extreme weather conditions. cray pot irrigation can save large amounts of water without depriving crops of zeros. how a toss a reports now from the town of chicago to theresa lemming, his garden is thriving under this lead. sunk up to its make into the ground is one of several clay pots, irrigating her tomatoes. this alternative way of going food is ideal, was embalming a country prone to drought and re people don't get regular supplies of piped water from the council. he normally did africa. yes. even when there is no water. my

vegetables are all is green. it's been days without water here, but the clay pots are all, is watering my tomatoes, using clay pots to water crops is not a new farming technique. it's used in other parts of the world. and now it's gaining traction in zimbabwe. the clear. but if the some small, tiny in you visible, i'm a pause of that, i used the full o water seeping, the water that the is inside to clear. it deceives around the, the, the, did the clothes, the, did it yourself. what to cindy, meet us. saw the did the plans of own good idea. so for instance, if it does, gets off the water is rising smooth prices high, a fuel costs and inflation at 285 percent in war gast means many families are battling. the mob is government plan to distribute food aid to more than $2000000.00 vulnerable families from october. that number is expected to go up next

year is not as rural households. people in urban areas also going hungry. and a privileged communities often run out of food in october, the drives period before the rainy season. the you in also plans to assist it, been hunger, if something got to we'll started to see more ah, during the course 19 pandemic. so it's something that is fairly new, as you know towards the program, i used to work mainly in the rural areas. but now we have started to sin some pockets in cities and towns where visa had been hung. the clay pots cost $5.00 each buying in bulk can be expensive. so communities also use plastic bottles with holes poked into them. they were just as well for some families in urban areas. these water saving techniques are a lifeline. help them grow food for themselves and sometimes a little extra to sell harder matessa out his era,

chiquita symbolically. and that's all show for this week. if you'd like to comment on anything that you've seen, you can treat me. i'm at a for the good on twitter. if you can please use the hash tag a, j, c t c. or you can drop us a line, counted the cost at al serra dot net is our email address. as always, was plenty more for you online at al jazeera dot com slash ctc. that takes you straight to our page and though you'll find individual reports, links, even entire episodes for you to catch up with that. is it for this edition of counting the cost on adrian finnegan for the whole team here. and so huh. thanks for being with us. the news on al jazeera is next witness inspiring films from around the world. they shall not stop the violin and kill the power is bears witness intimate cold traits and epic struggles because leadership is off. no,

just the people witness the human spirit and the bitter reality. there are still men, believe women are appropriately witness award winning voice is telling groundbreaking stories witness on al jazeera. this was the moment the likes of which we've never seen. this is important. this is true story from breaking down the headlines to exposing the powers attempting to silence reporting. we're seeing your freedom with being threatened and attacked is basically criminalizing journalism. the listening post doesn't cover the news. it covers the way the news is covered. people have no idea what the source of uses back to the game, but rolled that broad quote for the evidence. why on al jazeera ah i'm sammy zaden endow with a look at the headlines here now to sierra japan is. busy holding