as mommy, how 2 rounds of talks with director general grossi privately on the sidelines at the conference. the 1st such meetings between the 2 men since june. i. e, a, the latest report on iran indicates the agency is no longer able to provide reassurances better on nuclear program is entirely peaceful as a conference straws to a close. a number of resolutions have passed, one urging the democratic people's republic of korea to abide by the safe guards of the nonproliferation treaty, another one on nuclear safety in the middle east, calling on all those countries to extend their full cooperation to the director general. so he can do his job, which is to ensure non proliferation, whether these warnings will have the desired outcome remains to be seen. doors such of ari al jazeera vienna. a cattle disease outbreak in india has killed 100000 cows and buffalos and other 2000000 cattle have been infected and the virus has

been reported in more than 15 states across the country. the outbreak has a devastated farmers who have already suffered severe stock losses from extreme weather. ah, what amount is 0? these are the headlines this. our rushes president is proclaimed the annexation of 4 ukrainian regions with the public celebration in moscow's red square. the un security council failed to pass a resolution condemning the move after moscow beat heard it became fast as the leader has been overthrown by its military 8 months after taking power in a curb. an officer may the announcement on state television. the new leader is captain abraham t roaring. tend to me as government has won a land dispute against him. the sy heard is living on the edge of game reserves. the east african quarter of justice found the group had failed to prove its eviction from ancestral land was illegal. evictions began in 2017 thousands of

people in baghdad, a gathering to march the 3rd anniversary of major demonstrations against the government in 2019 people wanted to end rampant corruption and high unemployment in what became known as the tish rain movement security has been tightened around rocks, capitol, most bridges and main roads are closed, protested demanding, the removal of a political establishment. they accuse of being corrupt people in more cities across iran and protesting against the death of massa and mimi in police custody. despite heavy crackdowns, glazed, reportedly fired at t gas in advance to disperse demonstrators, dozens have been killed and hundreds arrested in the past 2 weeks since the unrest began. japan and south korea say north korea has 5 to short range ballistic missiles. the round of launches is the 4th in a week. the move was condemned by south korean president unit. so y'all said north

korea's obsession with nuclear weapons was deepening the suffering of its own painful and hurry can e and has made a land fall in at south carolina. the storm has been downgraded from a hurricane to a post tropical cyclone. heavy rain and strong winds knocked app, how to more than 170000 people, and left many coastal roads under water. u. s. president joe biden approved a declaration as emergency in the state. all right, those are the headlines i'm emily. angland minis continues after inside story. on counting, the cost will trotting taxes, kickstart the nuclear economy, always brookings, facing our financial crisis. central banks are hiking interest rates. we ask about the global impact. plus y movies from volley wouldn't normally would, are fighting to stay in the spotlights counting the cost on all just hurricane in could be the deadliest on to ever hit. the u. s. state of florida is

one of many extreme weather event this year that i've left millions homeless. what is making these disasters more common and more intense, and how do we better prepare for them? this is insight story. ah hello and welcome to the program. i'm fully back table. hurricane in is one of the most powerful storms to hit the us in years north and south carolina, bracing for the worst after it left a trail of destruction in florida. the storm made landfall on the said south west coast on wednesday. winds of up to 250 kilometers an hour and record storms. just destroyed homes and cut power to more than 2000000 people. scientists blame what they call rapid intensification for making the hurricane destructive. that's when

wind speeds increase by at least 60 kilometers per hour. within a day, researchers say in 10 storms are becoming more common due to warmer oceans from climate change. the u. s. president has declare a major disaster for florida. this could be the deadliest hurricane in florida history. the numbers of still are still unclear, but we're hearing early reports of what may be substantial loss of life. so which countries have experience in most extreme weather events. this year, in august to renshaw, monsoon, rains and glacial males triggered the most severe flooding in pakistan's recent history. leaving a 3rd of the country under water from june to august, heat, waves set weather records across europe, leading to forest fires and droughts. sweeping the region in june, floods hates. so dawn after heavy rain caused the blue sky and water white now rivers to burst their banks. and since january floods have effected most of africa killing just under 2000 people,

nigeria was the worst affected. ah, well, i spring in our guests now for 2 days inside story in tallahassee brought for johnson assistant professor of geography and a ph. d. in meteorology at florida state university in o tracked in the netherlands, martin van ounce director of the international red cross red crescent climate center and a professor of climate and disaster resilience. at the university of 20 and in islamabad. far hard saeed. the south asia and middle east regional climate. scientists with climate analytics. welcome to the program. thank you very much for joining us. bradford johnson in tallahassee. let me start with you. hurricane in went from a tropical storm to a hurricane in less than 24 hours. and it's not the only storm that's recently experienced. this rapid intensification as they're calling it what is behind this and what is making these storms more intense and more frequent?

that's right. and thank you for having shall it is really like you mentioned a long line a series of storm as 5 to 10 years on better father ways into mexico. ready where we are found out today that the season temperature is emmy environment, conducive to strengthen it. stores in the gulf of mexico tracking above average from historical values. for instance, that hurricane in it's reversed over water. if there were over 30. ready degrees celsius and in northwestern caribbean, before it encountered. ready ready ready ready or more than 2 degrees celsius above the expected values of the southwestern coast of florida. this, along with conducive atmospheric conditions allowed storm, like its predecessors. to effectively drop pressure very quickly, causing wind speeds to ramp up very fast. so global warming, you would say, is affecting this. it's leading to the storm. intensification potter as

a research has shown that warming around the globe is causing water temperatures, not only in the truck oceans also in. ready areas, north, forward of the tropics, to train, above average, will be expected to see over the last $30.00 to $50.00, even 100 years. in particular, over the mexico look current which fees, water from the western caribbean. if you might know it also be the gulf stream, we're actually you're on the last letter in that. ready it's one of them and tracking warmer, as well as a relatively deeper pool, a warm water, which affectively access more fuel for these. alright, for hot in his rama, back talk to us about your experience in pocky san. what role has climate change played in the intense weather events we've seen in that region this year? thankfully for having me. first of all and the fellow speaking i have said that we

have also found the role of climate change, submitting the impacts of the, of the 2 of the extremes. you have written this year. so the sheet fav in the month of march and april with progress on a witness. it's also a record breaking and it was supposed to be a time of spring in pakistan. but the temperature in parts of august on rose above 50 degrees centigrade in some of the places. so it was just antecedent for the time of the year. and i was a part of a study which was led by beaten, called london. and it also had a quote from us cambridge oxford going to be the newest in salon. the finding of us study was that that particular heat the climate change has accessing it, or made it more likely by 30 times as compared to the world without climate change . and similarly, the 2nd, when the country went through the flooding,

it was the versed the country have an expedient since the record began. and the similar study was conducted, which is called the climate in attribution study. and our finding from that study was that the intensity of the monson rainfall in 2 months, in a month of august, june, july, and august. the intensity was increased by 75 percent as compared to the world without climate change. so via the quantitative and editors that climate gene has played a very important role in excessive bidding. the impacts of both the events. martin in old track, are we talking specifically about human induce climate change? here? how do socio economic factors intersect with climate impacts, whether in south asia or a, in, in the american or in africa? how is it worth seeing that the effects on people and the environment? yeah, well 1st of all,

i think it's important to underline what for how to said about the strong quantitative evidence that in many of these individual disasters, we have now a very clear fingerprint indeed of anthropogenic climate change. so we can draw a straight line from the mission of greenhouse gases to the more intense natural hazards that we're now facing. however, it's always the combination of those hazards with the vulnerability of the societies that are hit by them. that then defines the impacts. and while you may know the classical story of the dash where we've also been confronted with super storms in the past couple of years. and fun, for instance, was a super typhoon hitting position india in the 1970 to storm like that would have killed hundreds of thousands of people literally. but 2 years ago that only jolted in a 124 casualties. of course, still very tragic. but thanks to a successful evacuation of 9000000 people, we were able to avoid many debts. now that doesn't mean there is no destruction. and climate change is still both very heavy told on those countries. but it shows

that there is a lot that can be done to avert some of the very worst impacts with rising hazard. it's clear that we need to invest much more in those sorts capacities, in light of a more quality climate that we, before we talk about what more can be done. i want to ask you martin about the impact a bit to give us a bit more. you know, an example of the direct impact of these disasters and you know, what are the costliest weather related incidents? well, the costliest in terms of economic damages are often in the united states. and then we're really talking $100000000000.00 disasters. we don't have to total yet for a florida right now. but for instance, 5 years ago we did a similar attribution study that he was just talking about for her and harvey induced and that was over a $100000000000.00 for that disaster. and again, 3 times more likely due to climate change. so we have those numbers in terms of huge costs in places like that. when you're talking about human tall,

it is often places like pockets on the current drought in the world of africa is one of our current. our biggest concerns in terms of humanitarian concerns. at the moment, also be hundreds of 1000 people dying. if we don't provide food quickly, the fingerprint of climate change in those context is often more difficult because we don't have perfect data. our models aren't good for those places, but it's the same pattern of both a rise and haven't. in that case, 5 rainy seasons in a row failing, but also very high vulnerability due to the poverty, the aftermath of colgate, the conflicts in the region. so that's, that's always the pattern that those come together. and then of course, in those very poor regions, you don't get a high, very, very high economic thought, but human suffering is multiplied. bradford marching mentioned that data and i guess having good data is key, isn't it? is the climate crisis making forecasting more difficult? i would argue when it comes to forecasting our forecasts or have more tools

available to them right now and more data. ready than any other time history. however, there are areas martin just mentioned that are pretty data sparse that do impact our ability to forecast for instance, on hurricane during the bill. ready few years back, it may, i've actually delayed as initiation because of the mass, the hair and dust there was present over chocolate atlantic at that time. and as we know, that's hearing death is a, is a product of desertification and drought in sub saharan africans to hell region. but one hurricane during was actually able to develop it may have actually intended by faster because of the warmer c service temperatures that were available to it to tap into was to reach the bahamas and optical to florida. and moving up the eastern coast of the united states. and so when we think about the actual forecast themselves, we found that the cone of uncertainty that we'd like to focus on over the years as

shrank in the general day 3. and they 5 errors or decrease, but it's become a pretty evident now that even other factors that mean possibly related to climate change, like the steering flow than the flowing of storms, where they approach the coastline of north america, also make it more difficult to work. ashes to communicate with the hazards might be particularly we were related to inland flooding was most people do not associate with track little cycle lamp. all right, so we started talking about the impact of course, but we've also got to talk about what more can be done to prevent these asters from becoming so frequent and in 10, hurricane e. and could be one of the most expensive ones, as you heard from martin, an early estimate for the cost of damage at up to $47000000000.00 for florida alone . economy is fe, funding to combat climate change is facing a 2 front battle mitigation and adaptation. the us military's injecting cash into adopting hardware and infrastructure to cope with extreme weather after various

bases were damaged by hurricanes. the pentagon budget just for climate is $3100000000.00. the international monetary fund recommends a tax on coal, oil products, natural gas that so lower the amount being pumped into the atmosphere. it also consternation is to adapt infrastructure to better prepare for severe weather. the world bank delivered a record 31700000000 dollars this year to address global climate change mostly to developing nations, just under half of that will be spent on adapting infrastructure. so let me come to you. far hard in islamabad. they are, of course, ways to reduce the widespread destruction the storms leave in their wake. how do we better prepare in your view for these intense storms, intense weather events in the future? how do we reduce the damage and the loss? yes. so fully, the 1st thing is that since also the other speakers have, have said that that we have found the fingerprints of climate change already. so

here is that setting is not foreign to this part of the world in pakistan. but the problem is that because of climate change, because of wal mart temperatures, we're not having these events more frequent and also the intensity of, of those, the face that they are crossing the red limit of the, you know, in place and people are equipment i for for, for 100 years. so another problem is that going to leave you at $1.00 degrees centigrade warmer than the previous year. so i would say the 1st thing is that the one should come together and decide that we need to reduce the emission. so as to the temperature to 1.5 degrees centigrade according to the better sacrament limit. so anything beyond, for a country like focused on every 10 to 4 degree matters at the moment. because now

we have quantitative assessment of the, of the role of climate in excess of bidding and the intensity of these hazards. so the 1st thing i would say is to contain the greenhouse gas emissions. and the other thing is to, of course, provide necesary assistance for the, for the going to like buckets on because the contribution of august on in total greenhouse gas emissions at the present level is less than one percent. right. and if you consider the historical emissions starting from 2 had planned how centuries ago, so they're going to be false 2.3 percent. so this is a big issue of climate justice. so the countries like august on and there are also the countries where contributed literally nothing to the greenhouse gas emissions, the level we are going to going to leave currently witnessing. but on the other hand, those are the ones who are the forefront will be getting the brunt of climate change,

especially if you look within pakistan. so of course the people who are associated with agree culture, they have nothing to contribute. they don't have strong houses, available houses that can face the purity of the nature in terms of these extreme events. so they are the ones at the front lines. so there's a huge problem of climate injustice not only at the global scale, but also the social justice within the country as well. so market nationally goes to sion. right, let's bring in martin we, we hear you. and that's, it's very interesting what you say martin had just said they would these extreme weather events like the super france in pakistan. it is countries that contribute less to the carbon emissions that are the worst effected. what can be done for these countries and who pays the price for climate? reparations. yeah, was very clearly those countries and especially the poor people in those countries

are currently paying the highest price. and it's unfair because they have contributed the least to the problem. so i think that is an ethical issue in front of world leaders at the moment if they were meeting recently at the united nations general assembly and we'll be meeting again at 27 and e in, in egypt, and early november in a very practical sense. the recipes and the very simple, the intergovernmental panel on climate change has assessed all the world's evidence, and it's concluded that we are already seeing, aggravated humanitarian disaster is new to climate change today. and all the examples that we've been discussing show that they are also very clear as for have mentioned that every 10 to the degree will add to that burden. so, and we are reaching limits to adaptation already today and will reach more and more as the temperature rise continue. so it's critical that we reduce emissions as quickly as we can. but at the same time as, as i mentioned, the damage is to some extent already. there are in terms of the emissions that we've done in the past. so we need to adapt to the climate that has already changed

and that will get more challenging, especially in these most probable countries, we need to see increasing investment to help especially these, these most desperate places to prepare for martin martin when you have other issues like governance and poverty and the corona virus pandemic. it becomes difficult for climate action plans to work because government, especially in these low and middle income countries, have other priorities. so how do you bridge that gap and, you know, there's a big difference i understand in the money, in between the money being spent right now to prevent climate change and you know, the one in terms of adaptation and so on. so how do you bridge that gap? well, that steady is a big challenge. you know, and even argue monetary in support, in the aftermath of disasters is under heavy strain. we're not reaching all of the people that are in need of help. and we're struggling to, to, to cope with the,

the rising toll of all these events around the world. so that it itself is already a challenge. but only response is also not going to be enough. and we found out in humanitarian world also that just responding more and more isn't going to do it. our estimates are that by 2050 we could see a doubling off the funding needed to help people need, again, dependent on the climate scenario. but also how we prepare, and i think that is the key message. it is going to be cheaper and more effective to, to, to provide some of the funding in advance. and it isn't the challenging in places that are already poor to face so many constraints at the same time. and in fact, with corporate, for instance, we're seeing the double whammy of people having been left very poor after covert and then struggling even harder to cope with the shocks that are now coming to them from the client. right. but many of the solutions that are needed aren't super expensive. i mean the, the early warning systems that i mentioned that have been so effective and on the dash they require planning in advance. a require collaboration between major

logical service and in that case, department actually present to make sure that the, the warnings for such a major storm which we heard before happened getting so much better recent decades that are communicating effectively to those local people and local people know what to do, and then you need to have shelters in place that they can go to. but all of that is a little bit of infrastructure investment. it's a lot of capacity investment. so yes, we do need a lot of funding, particularly also to cope with the impacts we're already seeing. but it's also putting it to the best use and it is often in those local communities. bradford from a nature article perspective, how can we better prepare for these extreme weather events because of climate change? i like to actually talk briefly about what. ready he just just mentioning, i mean that it's not just a state sponsor fiscal issue that we're dealing with for the infrastructure. we're also particularly in western nations. it is, but it is imperative that private sector companies effectively company engine

toward this i'm because private sector and, and in the markets dictate so much of what goes on in regards to investment in, in these parts of the world. it really is going to be up to me. busy as a scientist, 5 massages to understanding what their actual. ready desires are, and for the most part is the actual is the satisfaction of their shareholders. so they're not for the most part, want to do it our time is of their heart. but we have them saying and be able to understand what the value proposition is for these companies and how their operations could become more profitable future under a renewable, less invasive use of the world's resources resulted in. ready b, minimization greenhouse gas emissions as meteorologist in sciences. moving forward, i think we have a increasing competence and particularly when you read the c c reports of what the

impacts of climate climate change are. unfortunately, where we are right now, it more than likely on average, will probably be the coolest year for the rest of our lives. however, that does not mean it has to be beginning of an error, destructiveness, as long as we understand, and we're communicating not only with our local governments and state governments, and also national international levels, but also those companies and communities, and shareholders and those disadvantage. and under represented communities, ordeal bear the brunt of the actual impact of the storms for had in islamic bad. so what actions can be practically considered not just by government, by and authorities, but by also, you know, people to, to scale up and reduce to risk of these climate change related disasters. yes. so before coming to your question for you, so i will just take a few seconds to say. busy it's not only about the climate finance,

but along with that we also look forward from developed countries to, to support from the transfer of technology. so tennis because we're talking about the full cost of the of project stream events. so climate change is surprising us every year, almost, and the state of the art to major climate models. they do not perform run over this part of the world just because that those models are developed in the global not. so we also need some kind of support in developing of the development of such tools, which are also good during the ritual to get to the, you know, characteristic of this region as well, the mountain region. and as well as the capacity of building support. so that is also very important, not coming to your question that of course, but you're going to like, i guess they need to put their house in order as well. so the local governments are

non existent and bug phone. so you can imagine that if you do not have a local governments and you face such a calamity, you're definitely going to struggle. and also the institutional arraignment is very important. and we also need to learn from other countries from other countries of the region, how to cope with these kind of a disaster. one wants to happen. so there's a lot to be done and it's very important time for a country like buckets on to start a grand a bit around climate change. because unfortunately for developing countries, again doesn't come by the top of the agenda. the political agenda. we have many other problems. so just to put the things in perspective focused on exports per year is almost $30000000000.00 and estimated economic damages from this flooding. only. i'm not talking about the heat but only because of the flooding. estimated to be over $30000000000.00. so you know,

a couple of weeks back august on was meaning before i m f for 1170000000 below beckett. so you can imagine that for, for example the, the how to get in florida. it's the absolute down to this much higher your number 100000000000. but for the going to progress on which is already struggling. the size of the economy is very small. so this is a huge impact because of this, this flooding. ok, so definitely it's a global phenomena and we need to bring the word on the on the table. and my final is going to set that up. and if i one is going to be ready, but it needs a global collaboration. thank you very much gentlemen. for a very interesting discussion, bradford johnson, martin, stan for hard, so he'd thank you very much for joining us. and thank you for watching. you can always watch is program again any time by visiting our website at all, just 0 dot com for further discussion. go to our facebook page at facebook dot com,

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