to stranded residents got a lift from the u. s. coast guard. they survived hurricane ian is just completely washed out. but the bridge leading to their home on sanibel island did not. along this stretch of florida coast buildings are leveled, and few boats remain in the water. ah, here it was. the storm surge as much as the 240 kilometer per hour wins that left destruction in their wake. michael mc phillips rode out. the storm on his fishing boat, one of the few now still see worthy watching the surge come up. those you know, came up with an yell half hour. it was up, you know, at least 20 foot. and you know, high winds, you know, at least a 150 miles an hour. it seemed like in a lot of rain in ship blowing around in the boats. my la, the hood and without the bell, you don't have anything on his father's boat is grounded tuesday. we're supposed to put traps in a water and we have no boats and we don't know the crab is going to be good and we

can get bait. it's, it's going to be a bad situation. federal disaster funding will help some with rebuilding, but officials warn it will take months and billions of dollars to recover. kristen salumi al jazeera fort myers, florida. ah, they're watching al jazeera. these are the headlines, the sour ukrainian troops say dave encircled thousands of russian troops in moscow controlled supply. hub of layman in the done yet could wage in it comes a day after president vladimir putin declared for eastern regions, including don yancey, part of his country. the head of the must go back to ministration in dungeons says, news from the front was alarming. shall strap. it has more from slow vienna in the next question. this news, if indeed it is true, is significant because it is part of what has been a very successful counter offensive in the last couple of weeks by ukrainian forces

. pushing south from concave and re taking control of thousands of square kilometers of territory. we are hearing also, according to the ukrainians that they believe that up to $5500.00 russian troops could be trapped inside li man. and it was the presidential adviser, president zalinski, the ukranian presidential adviser mc halo portfolio. who is tweeted that moscow should appeal to key if, if they wanted them to release those soldiers. living on the president michel own has received a proposal to define the maritime border between lebanon and israel. the negotiations are the territory waters in the mediterranean, and the division of gas fields have been mediated by the us thousands have gathered in the iraqi capital to massive it and of those sort of major demonstrations against the government. the protest back in 2019 colson into rapid corruption and

high unemployment. what became known as the tish lane, movement protest is demanding. the removal of the political establishment by saying is corrupt. and students from the number of iranian universities are holding a seating against violence that stems from the death of my many. i mean the guidelines, month after she was arrested by ron so told morality, police, many of the demonstrate who concluding some university professors i was using to attend classes. all right, those are the headlines. i'm emily anglin. the news continue here on the owners era . after inside story to stay with us, ah hurricane. it could be the deadliest on to ever hit the u. s. state of florida is

one of many extreme weather events this year that i've left millions homeless. what is making these disasters more common and more intense, and how do we better prepare for them? this is insight story. ah hello and welcome to the program i'm fully battle. hurricane in is one of the most powerful storms to hit the us in years north and south carolina. bracing for the worst. after i had left a trail of destruction in florida. the store made landfall on the said southwest coast on wednesday. winds of up to 250 kilometers an hour and record storm surge is destroyed homes and cut power to more than $2000000.00 people. scientists blame what they call rapid intensification for making the hurricane destructive. that's

when wind speeds increase by at least 60 kilometers per hour. within a day, researchers say in 10 storms are becoming more common due to warmer oceans from climate change. the u. s. president has declared a major disaster for florida. this could be the deadliest hurricane in florida's history. the numbers of still are still unclear, but we're hearing early reports what may be substantial loss of life. so which countries have experienced the most extreme weather events this year in august to renshaw, monsoon reigns and glacial mouth triggered the most severe flooding in pakistan's recent history. leaving a 3rd of a country under water from june to august, heat, waves set weather records across europe, leading to forest fires and droughts. sweeping the region in june, floods hates to dawn after heavy rain caused the blue sky and water white now rivers to burst their banks. and since january floods have effected most of africa killing just under 2000 people,

nigeria was the worst affected. ah, well, i spring in august south 40 days inside story in tallahassee abroad for johnson assistant professor of geography and a ph. d. in meteorology at florida state university in o tracked in the netherlands, martin van ounce director of the international red cross red crescent climate center and a professor of climate and disaster resilience. at the university of 20 and in islamabad, fall hard saeed. the south asia and middle east regional climate. scientists with climate analytics. welcome to the program. thank you very much for joining. as bradford johnson in tallahassee, let me start with you. hurricane in went from a tropical storm to a hurricane in less than 24 hours. and it's not the only storm that's recently experience this rapid intensification as they're calling it. what is behind this and what is making these storms more intense and more frequent?

that's right, thank you for having silly day is really like you mentioned a long line a series of storm as far to 10 years on the farmer waves into mexico. ready where we are a. ready sort of temperature is emmy environment, conducive to strengthen it stores in regards to mexico or tracking above. ready as from historical values, for instance, that hurricane in its reverse over water, there were over 30 degrees celsius and northwestern caribbean, before it encountered. ready water. ready or more than 2 degrees celsius above expected values of the southwestern come to florida. this, along with conducive atmospheric conditions allowed storm, like its predecessors to effectively dropped pressure very quickly, causing wind speeds to ramp up very fast. so global warming, you would say is affecting this it's leading to the storm,

intensification pattern research has shown that warming around the globe is causing. ready water temperatures, not only talk oceans also in areas north, forward of the tropics, to train, above average, will be expected to see over the last 30 to 50, even 100 years. in particular, with the mexico look current which fees water from the western caribbean. if you might know it also, the gulf stream was then actually europe, on the latter end of it. it was the tracking warmer as well. and it's a relatively deeper pool, a warm water, which effectively access more fuel for these. alright, for hot in his rama bar, talk to us about your experience in pakistan. what role has climate change played in the intense weather events we've seen in that region this year? thankfully for having me. first of all, and as the fellow speaking have said that we have also found the role of climate

change, submitting the impacts of the, of the 2 of the extremes. you have written this year. so the heat fav in the month of march and april with target on a witness. it was also a record breaking and it was supposed to be time of spring in pakistan. but the temperature in parts of august on rose above 50 degrees centigrade in some of the places. so it was just interested in that for the time of the year. and i was a part of a study which was led by beaten college london and it also had a strong cambridge oxford going to be the newest, the and so on. the finding of us study was that that particular heat, the climate change has accessing it or made it more likely by 30 times as compared to the world without climate change. and similarly, the 2nd, when the country went through the flooding,

it was the worst the country have an expedient since the record began. and the similar study was conducted, which is scarlet climate and attribution study. and our finding from that study was that the intensity of the monson rainfall in 2 months, in a month of august, june, july, and august. the intensity was increased by 75 percent as compared to the world without climate change. so we have quantitative and editors that climate change has played a very important role in accept the bidding, the impacts of both the events. martin in old track are we talking specifically about human induce climate change here? how do socio economic factors intersect with climate impacts, whether in south asia or a, in, in the american or in africa? how is it worth seeing that the effects on people and the environment? yeah, well 1st of all,

i think it's important to underline what for how to said about the strong quantitative evidence that in many of these individual disasters, we have now a very clear fingerprint indeed of anthropogenic climate change. so we can draw a straight line from the mission of greenhouse gases to the more intense natural hazards that we're now facing. however, it's always the combination of those hazards with the vulnerability of the societies that are hit by them. that then defines the impacts. and while you may know the classical story of the dash where we've also been confronted with super storms in the past couple of years. and fun, for instance, was a super typhoon hitting benediction, india in the 1970 to storm like that would have killed hundreds of thousands of people literally. but 2 years ago that only job 124 casualties of course, still very tragic. but thanks to a successful evacuation of 9000000 people, we were able to avoid many debts. now that doesn't mean there is no destruction. and climate change is still both very heavy told on those countries. but it shows

that there is a lot of can be done to avert some of the very worst impacts with rising hazard. it's clear that we need to invest much more in those sorts capacities, in light of a more quality climate that we, before we talk about what more can be done. i want to ask you martin about the impact a bit to give us a bit more. you know, an example of the direct impact of these disasters and you know, what are the costliest weather related incidents? well, the costliest in terms of economic damages are often in the united states. and then we're really talking $100000000000.00 disasters. we don't have to total yet for a florida right now. but for instance, 5 years ago we did a similar attribution study that he was just talking about for her and harvey induced and that was over a $100000000000.00 for that disaster. and again, 3 times more likely due to climate change. so we have those numbers in terms of huge costs in places like that. when you're talking about human tall,

it is often places like conquest on the current drought in the world of africa is one of our current, our biggest concerns in terms of humanitarian concerns. at the moment, also be hundreds of 1000 people dying. if we don't provide food there quickly, the fingerprint of climate change in those context is often more difficult because we don't have perfect data. our models aren't good for those places, but it's the same pattern of both a rise and hasn't. in that case, 5 rainy seasons in a row failing, but also very high vulnerability due to the poverty, the aftermath of colgate, the conflicts in the region. so that's, that's always the pattern that those come together. and then of course, in those very poor regions, you don't get a high, very, very high economic thought, but human suffering is multiplied. bradford marching mentioned that data and i guess having good data is key, isn't it? is the climate crisis making forecasting more difficult? i would argue when it comes to forecasting our forecasts or have more tools

available to them right now and more data. ready than any other time history. however, there are areas martin just mentioned that are pretty data sparse that do impact our ability to forecast for instance, on hurricane during him. and the bill. ready few years back in may, i've actually delayed as initiation because of the mass, the hair and dust there was present over chocolate atlantic at that time. and as we know, that's hearing death is a, is a product of desertification and drought in sub saharan africa and say hello, but one hurricane during was actually able to develop it may have actually intended by faster because of the warmer c service temperatures that were available to the tap into what's the reef, the bahamas and optical to florida and moving up the eastern coast of the united states. and so when we think about the actual forecast themselves, we found that the cone of uncertainty that we'd like to focus on over the years as

shrank, gave in the general day 3 and they 5 errors or decrease. but it's become a pretty evident now that even other factors that meet the possibly related to climate change, like the steering flow in the flowing of storms, where they approach the coastline of north america, also make it more difficult to work ashes to communicate with the hazards might be particularly we were related to inland flooding was most people do not associate with tropical cycle. so we started talking about the impact of course, but we've also got to talk about what more can be done to prevent these assets from becoming so frequent. and in 10, hurricane e, and could be one of the most expensive ones, as you heard from martin, an early estimate for the cost of damage at up to $47000000000.00 for florida alone . economies say funding to combat climate change is facing a 2 front battle mitigation and adaptation. the us military's injecting cash into adopting hardware and infrastructure to cope with extreme weather after various

bases were damaged by hurricanes. the pentagon budget, jess for climate is 3 point. $1000000000.00, the international monetary fund recommends a tax on coal oil products, natural gas that so lower the amount being pumped into the atmosphere. it also consternation is to adapt infrastructure to better prepare for severe weather. the world bank delivered a record 31700000000 dollars this year to address global climate change mostly to developing nations, just under half of that will be spent on adapting infrastructure. so let me come to you. far hard in islamabad. they are, of course, ways to reduce the widespread destruction the storms leave in their wake. how do we better prepare in your view for these intense storm, so intense weather events in the future? how do we reduce the damage and the loss? yes. so fully, the 1st thing is that since also the other speakers have have said that that we have found the fingerprints of climate change already. so that setting is not

foreign to this part of the world in august. but the problem is that because of climate change, because of wal mart temperatures, we're not having these events more frequent and also the intensity of, of those, the face that they are crossing the red limit of the, you know, in place. and my years people are equipment i far, far for 100 years. so another problem is that going to leave you at $1.00 degrees centigrade warmer than the previous year. so i would say the 1st thing is that the world should come together and decide that the need to reduce the emission so as to the temperature to $1.00 degrees centigrade according to the batter. sacrament limit. so anything beyond, for a country like focused on every 10th of a degree, matters at the moment because now you have quantitative assessment of the role of

climate in excess of bidding and the intensity of these hazards. so the 1st thing i would say is to contain the greenhouse gas emissions. and the other thing is to, of course, provide the necesary assistance for the, for the going to like buckets on because the contribution of august on in total greenhouse gas emissions at the present level is less than one percent. right. and if you consider the historical image and starting from atlanta, how centuries ago, so they're going to be false 2.3 percent. so there's a big issue of climate justice. so the countries like august on and there are also other countries where contributed in literally nothing to the greenhouse gas emissions that we are going to going to leave currently witnessing. but on the other hand, those are the ones who are the forefront will be getting the brunt of climate

change, especially if you look within pakistan. so of course the people who are associated with a greek church, they have nothing to contribute. they don't have strong houses, relevant houses that can face the purity of the nature in terms of these extreme events. so they are the ones at the front lines. so there's a huge problem of climate injustice, not only at the global scale, but also the social justice within the country as well. so market nationally goes right, let's bring in martin we, we hear you. and that's, it's very interesting what you say martin had just said they would these extreme weather events like the super france in pakistan. it is countries that contribute less to the carbon emissions that are the worst effected. what can be done for these countries and who pays the price for climate? reparations. yeah, was very clearly dose countries and especially the poor people in those countries

are currently paying the highest price. and it's unfair because they have contributed the least to the problem. so i think that is an ethical issue in front of world leaders at the moment if they were meeting recently at the united nations general assembly and we'll be meeting again at 27 and e in, in egypt, and early november in a very practical sense. the recipes and the very simple, the intergovernmental panel on climate change has assessed all the world's evidence, and it's concluded that we are already seeing, aggravated humanitarian disaster is new to climate change today. and all the examples that we've been discussing show that they are also very clear, i have mentioned that every tend to the degree will add to that burden. so, and we are reaching limits to adaptation already today and will reach more and more as the temperature rise continue. so it's critical that we reduce emissions as quickly as we can. but at the same time, as i mentioned, the damage is to some extent already there in terms of the emissions that we've done in the past. so we need to adapt to the climate that has already changed and

that will get more challenging, especially in these most probable countries, we need to see increasing investment to help especially these, these most desperate places to prepare for martin martin when you have other issues like governance and poverty and the corona virus pandemic. it becomes difficult for climate action plans to work because government, especially in these low and middle income countries, have other priorities. so how do you bridge that gap and, you know, there's a big difference i understand in the money, in between the money being spent right now to prevent climate change and you know, the one in terms of adaptation and so on. so how do you bridge that gap? well, that steady is a big challenge. you know, and even argue monetary in support, in the aftermath of disasters is under heavy strain. we're not reaching all of the people that are in need of help. and we're struggling to, to, to cope with the,

the writing toll of all these events around the world. so that it itself is already a challenge. but only response is also not going to be enough. and we found out in humanitarian world also that just responding more and more isn't going to do it. our estimates are that by 2050 we could see a doubling off the funding needed to help people need, again, dependent on the climate scenario. but also how we prepare, and i think that is the key message. it is going to be cheaper and more effective to, to, to provide some of the funding in advance. and it isn't the challenging in places that are already poor to face so many constraints at the same time. and in fact, with corporate, for instance, we're seeing the double whammy of people having been left very poor after cove it and then struggling even harder to cope with the shocks that are now coming to them from the client. right. but many of the solutions that are needed aren't super expensive. i mean the, the early warning systems that i mentioned that have been so effective in validation. they require planning in advance. they require collaboration between

major logical service and in that case, department actually present to make sure that the, the warnings for such a major storm which we heard before happened getting so much better recent decades that are communicating effectively to those local people and local people know what to do, and then you need to have shelters in place that they can go to. but all of that is a little bit of infrastructure investment. it's a lot of capacity investment. so yes, we do need a lot of funding, particularly also to cope with the impacts we're already seeing. but it's also putting it to the best use and it is often in those local communities. bradford from a major article perspective, how can we better prepare for these extreme weather events because of climate change? i'd like to actually talk briefly about what. ready he just just mentioning, i mean that it's not just a state sponsor physical issue that we're dealing with for the infrastructure. we are also particularly in western nations. it is, but it is imperative that private sector companies,

effectively company engine toward this because private sector and, and in the market dictate so much of what goes on in regards to investments in, in these parts of the world. it really is going to be up to me or ologist, a scientists, climate scientists understanding what their actual. ready desires are, and for the most part is the actual is the satisfaction of their shareholders. so they're not for the most part, want to do it. our time is their heart. but we have them saying unable to understand what the value proposition is for these companies and how their operations could become more profitable. the future under a renewable, less invasive use of the world's resources resulted in b, minimization greenhouse gas emissions as meteorologist in sciences. moving forward, i think we have a increasing competence and particularly when you read the ip, c,

c reports of what the impacts of climate climate change are. unfortunately, where we are right now, it more than likely on average, will probably be the coolest year for the rest of our lives. however, that does not mean it has to be beginning of an era destructiveness, as long as we understand. and we're communicating not only with local governments and state government and also national international levels, but also those companies and communities and shareholders. and those disadvantage and under represented communities, ordeal bear the right of the actual impacts of the storms for had in islamic bad. so what actions can be practically considered not just by government, by and authorities, but by also, you know, people to, to scale up and reduce to risk of these climate change related disasters. yes. so before coming to your question. so i will just take a few seconds to say. busy it's not only about the climate finance,

but along with that, we also look forward from developed countries to, to support the transfer of technology. so tennis because we're talking about the, the full cost of the of project stream events. so climate change is surprising us every year, almost, and the state of the art to reject climate models. they do not perform run over this part of the world just because that those models are developed in the global not. so we also need some kind of support in developing of the development of such tools, which are also good during which also get to the, you know, characteristic of this region as well, the mountain region. and as well as the capacity of building support. so that is also very important, not coming to your question that of course, but you're going to like, i guess they need to put their house in order as well. so the local governments are

non existent and bucket phone. so, and you can imagine that if you do not have a local governments and you face such a calamity, you're definitely going to struggle. and also the institutional arraignment is very important. and we also need to learn from other countries from other countries of the region. how to cope with these kind of a disaster. one wants to happen. so there's a lot to be done and it's very important time for going to focus on to start a grand a bit around climate change. because unfortunately for developing countries, lima doesn't come by the top of the agenda, the political agenda, we have many other problems. so just to put the things in perspective focused on exports per year is almost $30000000000.00 and estimated economic damages from this flooding. only. i'm not talking about the heat but only because of the flooding. estimated to be over $30000000000.00. so you know,

a couple of weeks back august on was kneeling before i. e m f for 1170000000 below beckett. so you can imagine that of course, for, for example, again in florida, it's the absolute down to this much higher your, your number 100000000000. but for the country like progress on which is already struggling, the size of the economy is very small. so this is a huge impact because of this, the flooding ok, so definitely it's a global phenomena and we need to bring the world on the, on the table. and my fellow speaking to set that up. and if i one is going to be very important, it needs a global collaboration. thank you very much gentlemen. for a very interesting discussion. bradford johnson, martin. stan for hard, so he'd thank you very much for joining us. and thank you for watching. you can always watch is program again any time by visiting our website at all, just 0 dot com for further discussion. go to our facebook page at facebook dot com,

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